Applying hidden markov models for user and entity behavioural analytics model

Entrepreneurship and innovation: A comparative analysis of social representations among nursing students

• Mineral exhaustion and mechanization drive ASGM towards increasingly complex deposits. • Extracting these resource sustainably requires knowledge beyond trial-and-error. • Knowledge creation is vital for transitioning to sustainable practices in ASGM. • Increasingly complex kn owledge requirements exacerbate inequalities in ASGM. • The role of the natural environment in ST can be examined through knowledge creation. Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) is a key economic sector in Tanzania and the global South. Its predominant extraction method, mercury amalgamation, is valued for low cost and minimal skill requirements but poses severe risks to human health and the environment. ASGM is undergoing two major transformations: depletion of easily accessible deposits and growing mechanization. Cyanide leaching has emerged as a prominent alternative to mercury, promoted as a less harmful option yet still associated with significant environmental and health risks. This study situates mercury and cyanide in ASGM within the Geography of Sustainability Transitions (GeoST) to examine how changes in the natural environment like mineral exhaustion influence extraction processes and sustainability. We adopt knowledge creation processes as an analytical lens to explore how miners develop and apply knowledge to adapt to transforming environmental and technological contexts. Using a mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews and a quantitative survey conducted in Tanzania, we find that more efficient and relatively less environmentally harmful practices require complex knowledge of the natural environment and technologies that go beyond the sensory-based, experiential learning typical of mercury amalgamation. This knowledge gap sustains mercury use and exacerbates inequalities between miners with and without technical expertise. Our findings highlight the importance of linking knowledge creation with environmental conditions to support transitions away from highly unsustainable practices like mercury in ASGM.

ABSTRACT The growing emphasis on sustainability necessitates a re‐evaluation of traditional value creation and capture challenges, highlighting the intricate interrelation between value (un)captured and recaptured. This study investigates the dynamics of overtourism and undertourism in the sustainable development of regions. This prominent incidence of oversupply and undersupply underscores the tension between short‐term economic benefits and long‐term sustainable value capture. Introducing the conceptual framework of value loops and a robust value cascade, this study explores how vendors generate, lose, and reclaim economic, social, and environmental value and how other value stakeholders perceive it. Focusing on overtourism and undertourism as an exemplary manifestation of sustainable value paradoxes, the study examines the cyclical processes of value creation, (un)capture, and recapture. These paradoxes illuminate the compromises inherent in sustainability ambiguities, such as balancing economic growth with cultural heritage conservation. The study identifies trailblazing actionable approaches for reclaiming previously uncaptured value, emphasizing the roles of heritage‐based, sustainable practices, stakeholder collaboration, and digital innovation.

The present study investigates novel word production rates for word meaning expressed by single words in an exploratory-confirmatory design. To capture a wide variety of semantic nuances of word meaning that influence individual processes of word creation, we quantify distributional, categorical, and psychological semantic factors of single words. These features are tested for their correlation with novel word response rates in an online study employing the taboo game paradigm, where speakers are presented with a word for which they have to express one meaning as accurately as possible in a single word. They are not allowed to use the target word itself. We first investigate a range of semantic predictors from a distributional semantic model (word2vec), a hierarchical taxonomic network model (WordNet), and psychological semantic ratings in an exploratory study. In a next step, we conduct a larger, preregistered confirmatory study to examine whether the identified effects can be replicated. Based on the results from these studies, we conclude that participants produce a higher rate of novel words for more concrete word meanings, as well as for word meanings that have lower connectivity within a network of taxonomically related words. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

ABSTRACT The article is devoted to the creation process of the unrealised historical biopic Alexander Pushkin planned by director Sergei Gerasimov. The research into this process is relevant both in the context of unfilmed scripts and the mechanisms of designing cultural myths for Soviet cinema, as well as the role of the biopic in the shaping of state ideology. The article analyses archival material about the history of the film project and the transformation of the Pushkin myth during the Stalin era, as well as the relationship between documentary and artistic approaches in cinema, and the specifics of working on a historical biopic under ideological control. Pushkin’s place in the cultural context of the 1940s and early 1950s is considered, as well as the script development and in the context of cultural policy. The role of the fantasy narrative in designing the image of Pushkin on screen is considered. The reconstruction of the script versions shows nuances in the making of ideological myths in Stalin-era cinema and reveals how Pushkin’s canonical image was formed according to state ideology. The article is followed by the script version in Russian.

With the development of artificial intelligence (AI), which makes it possible for robots to carry out jobs that were previously only possible for humans, information technology has rapidly changed on a worldwide scale. Natural language processing-powered tools like virtual assistants serve as examples of this change. Simultaneously, generative AI (GenAI) has become a potent force in artistic creation, posing difficult legal issues with regard to intellectual property, especially copyright. The "output problem," or whether AI-generated works are eligible for copyright protection, is a major concern. Despite being created by humans, AI's ability to be creative on its own defies conventional frameworks that exclusively acknowledge human authorship. This raises questions about who owns the rights: the user, the programmer, or neither? When AI systems use pre-existing copyrighted content in their creation processes, the problem becomes much more complex. WIPO and other international organizations are actively investigating these issues in order to create appropriate regulatory strategies. In order to evaluate the burden GenAI places on copyright law, this article engages with international legal discourse and judicial viewpoints. It draws attention to the shortcomings of existing theories on originality and authorship as well as the more fundamental normative worry that widespread algorithmic replication could weaken artistic originality. In the end, it makes the case for a fair structure that encourages creativity while maintaining originality.

Managing and sharing notices in educational institutions is often done using manual methods such as physical notice boards, which can be inefficient, time-consuming, and prone to errors. Students may miss important announcements due to lack of timely updates and improper communication channels. To address these issues, this paper presents an AI Smart Notice Board using Generative Artificial Intelligence, an intelligent system designed to automate the process of notice creation and distribution. The proposed system is developed using the Flask Web framework and integrates Generative AI techniques to generate wellstructured and meaningful notices from user input. The system allows administrators to provide input in the form of text or voice, which is processed using Natural Language Processing(NLP). Voice input is converted into text using Speech Recognition, and the generated notice can be converted into speech using Text-to-Speech technology. Additionality, the system supports language translation to improve accessibility for users from different linguistic backgrounds. The generated notices are stored in a SQLite database and automatically delivered to all registered users through the digital notice board. The system ensures fast communication, reduces manual effort, and improves accuracy in notice management. Experimental results show that the proposed system enhances efficiency, minimizes delays, and provides a reliable and scalable solution for modern educational institutions

Music development cannot be detached from the development of computer technology, which will not only affect the music creation and performance process but will also inevitably have an impact on the development of means for music theory education. Based on the four focuses of music theory knowledge, the realization of computer music data expression through MIDI, the establishment of the music generation model by integrating RNN, GAN, and VAE, and saving the four-dimensional music information matrix in the music dataset, the MIDI file data feature extraction is conducted to get the monophonic and chord sequences of all musical instrument data sets, and the optimization of MIDI music generation models by WaveNet predictions. By analyzing the automatic composition results of music model RNN-VAE-GAN by using objective criteria, detecting the pitch variation of the main melody produced by RNN-VAE-GAN, and measuring the consistency of the note pitch variation of the MIDI music monophony composed by the model with the pitch variation path of the notes. According to the test results combining pre- and post-test and control experiments, comparing the effect of music learning between the experimental group and the control group, P-value of the core music literacy of the two groups was 0.005, and P-value of music learning interest of the two groups was 0.001, indicating a significant difference, which demonstrates a high level of progress in computer-assisted pre-school music theory teaching model application practice.

This research addresses molded relief painting as a strategy for accessibility and learning within the context of Brazilian inclusive education. The study is situated at the intersection of special education and visual arts, investigating the possibilities for active participation of students with visual disabilities in artistic creation and appreciation processes. The central problem lies in the following question: in what ways can molded relief painting contribute as a strategy for accessibility and learning for students with visual disabilities? The general objective is to analyze this technique as an inclusive pedagogical resource, examining its theoretical foundations, the contributions of Universal Design for Learning to the democratization of art education, and the role of tactile perception in the construction of sensitive knowledge. The methodology adopted is qualitative in nature, grounded in bibliographic review and document analysis, with a temporal delimitation of publications between 2020 and 2025 indexed in recognized databases. The results demonstrate that relief painting constitutes a pedagogical resource capable of promoting artistic accessibility, fostering autonomy, creative expression, and the construction of meaning through tactile perception. The study concludes that integrating this strategy into the school curriculum, aligned with Universal Design for Learning principles, contributes significantly to the realization of inclusive and equitable education in arts teaching.

The study analyzed the relationship between value chain stages and marketing strategies in the textile industry B2B market. The main stages of the value chain and corresponding marketing approaches were systematized within an integrated framework. The model was applied to the case of Uzbekistan’s textile industry. The findings showed that aligning marketing strategies with value creation processes improved firm competitiveness. Customer orientation and strategic partnership were identified as key drivers of integration.

The development of documentary films in Indonesia has encouraged the need for presenting reality in an informative manner while maintaining strong visual quality. Documentary films were no longer viewed merely as a medium for recording facts, but also as a creative medium capable of delivering social messages through a cinematic approach. Cinematography became an important element because it played a role in constructing meaning, atmosphere, and viewing experience through well-directed visual management. This study discussed the management of cinematographic elements by the Director of Photography in the documentary film “Mindful Sip: Matcha Beyond The Trend”, which raised the phenomenon of increasing matcha consumption as part of the lifestyle trend among young people. The method used was a creative approach based on expository documentary through the stages of pre-production, production, and post-production. The entire creation process was focused on concept planning, image capturing, and visual as well as narrative refinement so that the documentary message could be conveyed effectively. The results showed that matcha had developed into a symbol of a healthy, productive, and aesthetic lifestyle, yet awareness of responsible consumption was often neglected. The management of camera angle, camera movement, type of shot, and composition was proven to strengthen visual representation and help audiences understand the phenomenon more critically. Therefore, cinematography played an important role not only in producing attractive visuals, but also in clarifying the documentary’s message regarding the relationship between consumption trends and bodily experience.

This study is supported by Bandura's self-efficacy theory and Webster's music creation thinking model, combined with empirical research on music education at home and abroad and open source academic achievements, to explore the psychological enhancement mechanism of popular music creation process on music learners' self-efficacy. Based on the relevant achievements of music creation psychology, the study divides popular music creation into five core stages: Material Collection Stage, Incubation Stage, Structuring Stage, Revising Stage, and Presenting Stage. The study systematically analyzes the dynamic effects of each stage on the activation, strengthening, and consolidation of learners' self-efficacy through four pathways: mastery experience, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion, and physiological and affective states. Empirical research shows that immediate feedback, visualization of results, and successful practical experience in creation are key elements in cultivating learners' belief in creative competence. The self-efficacy enhancement pathways for learners at different stages show a staged shift from external feedback dependence to internal self-evaluation dominance. This study clarifies the intrinsic relationship between the two, providing a theoretical basis and practical reference for integrating popular music creation practice into music education, optimizing learners' psychological enhancement approaches, and improving the effectiveness of music teaching practice.

One of the most famous and frequently analysed descriptions in literary and art history is undoubtedly Dostoevsky’s ekphrasis of Holbein’s painting The Dead Christ in the Tomb in his novel The Idiot (Part III. Chapter 6). The painting itself sparked a series of theological and aesthetic controversies with its unusual, non-canonical iconography depicting of the Passion of Christ. Most art historical analyses do not ignore the ekphrasis of that picture in The Idiot. In this study, we proceed from the premise that the “reading of the painting” leads to different results from the point of view of three main characters of the novel: Rogozhin, Myshkin, and Ippolit. Our goal is to prove that ekphrasis is an inseparable part of a speech act—not an objective description, but intentional speech. Therefore, it cannot be interpreted without understanding the speaker’s intention or the character’s situation. This explains the strong distortions and misreading in the ekphrasis. We can capture the meaning reconstructed in the character’s speech through the motifs of copy, epigonism, duplication and misquotation. Ippolit, the subiectum of ekphrasis, proves to be a truly “bad reader,” and his reading becomes devastating in the world of the novel insofar as it anticipates the destruction expressed in the motifs of the Apocalypse. In addition, we also reveal that there is a hidden intention behind Ippolit’s reading, which we can grasp by examining the signs in the text (metaphorical meaning). The most important motifs of ekphrasis (e.g., nature, the number six, actuality, darkness–light) weave through the entire text of the novel and are incorporated into the process of text production and meaning creation.

Infographics are powerful visual communication tools that simplify complex information; however, their application in school-based therapy remains largely unexplored. Aims: This study investigated utilization patterns, knowledge, and perceptions of infographics among school-based occupational and physical therapists across the United States. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study employed an online survey distributed through professional networks from May to August 2025. The 34-item survey assessed familiarity, usage frequency, perceived effectiveness, barriers, and training needs. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests analyzed quantitative data, while content analysis examined qualitative responses. Results: Of 176 participants, 89.4% were familiar with infographics, yet only 72% used them in practice. Among users, 41% employed infographics monthly, with 86.5% rating them moderately to extremely effective in enhancing teacher understanding. Primary barriers included time constraints (54.1%), limited software access (44.0%), and unfamiliarity with creation processes (22.0%). Despite barriers, over 80% expressed interest in training and guidance. School district size significantly influenced perceptions about time-saving benefits and training needs. Conclusions: A significant awareness-to-implementation gap exists in infographic utilization among school-based therapists. While practitioners recognize their value, systemic barriers prevent regular implementation. Targeted professional development, infrastructure support, and collaborative resource development could enhance visual communication and knowledge translation in school-based practice.

The use of Artificial Intelligence is expanding at an exceptionally rapid pace within the modern education system. It is introducing revolutionary changes to traditional pedagogical methods. This research provides a comprehensive analysis of various AI applications and their profound impacts. In the field of education, AI can be utilized for predictive analytics, lesson customization, and enhancing communication between teachers and students. Furthermore, it streamlines routine administrative tasks and helps in identifying and bridging knowledge gaps. Administrative functions such as student registration, grading, and attendance tracking can now be recorded and managed through AI-driven systems. Through this research, I contend that by automating administrative school functions and developing Virtual Tutoring Systems, we can provide immediate responses to student queries, thereby making the system more proactive and effective. AI also plays a crucial role in inclusivity; for students with special needs or those residing in remote rural areas, AI can translate educational materials from various international languages into their native tongues. This removes linguistic barriers and provides them access to high-quality teaching resources. This study details the application of AI across several domains, including:  Personalized Learning Capabilities and Intelligent Tutoring Systems.  Data Analysis and real-time feedback mechanisms.  The use of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality in classrooms.  Language Translation and integrated curriculum development.  Pre-service Teacher Training, micro-teaching, and automated lesson planning. The research further discusses potential strategies to make education more adaptive, efficient, and inclusive through AI. In conclusion, the current status and future possibilities of AI within the educational framework are summarized. AI is not only refining teaching methodologies but also providing enhanced support and guidance to students throughout their learning journey. It is evident that the impact of AI on the education system will grow broader and deeper in the future. In the content creation process, AI curates and aggregates data, which is then utilized by technical institutions or social media companies to generate specialized content. While the creation process requires a specific "Problem" (Prompt) to define the desired output, AI is currently providing solutions to complex problems that even renowned professors find difficult to solve. Beyond education, AI has already brought revolutionary changes to the medical and industrial sectors.

Artificial intelligence (AI) image generation has demonstrated significant racial biases, reflecting and perpetuating societal stereotypes. These biases stem from the large datasets used to train AI models, which often contain historical and cultural prejudices that privilege certain racial groups while marginalizing others. As a result, AI generated images frequently underrepresent or misrepresent individuals from non-dominant racial backgrounds, defaulting to Eurocentric features when depicting human faces. Such tendencies raise concerns about the broader implications of AI generated visuals, particularly in contexts where images can shape public perceptions and influence decision making. This study emerged from a broader project examining the relationship between female attractiveness and judicial candidate success, utilizing AI generated images to test whether perceived attractiveness influenced electoral outcomes. During the image creation process, we discovered that Adobe Express consistently associated descriptors like “very attractive” with Eurocentric features, while linking “unattractive” to African features. Although investigating racial bias was not the original aim, this unexpected finding highlights the potential for AI systems to encode and amplify existing stereotypes. We argue that researchers should exercise caution when using AI generated images, critically evaluate model outputs, and remain aware of embedded biases to avoid unintentional reinforcement of racial disparities.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore how SRDI (an abbreviation for “Specialized,” “Refined,” “Distinctive” and “Innovative”) small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) enhance digital innovation performance (DIP) via digital orientation (DO) from a knowledge creation perspective, by examining the mediating roles of knowledge exchange (KE) and knowledge integration (KI) and the moderating effect of technological turbulence (TT). Design/methodology/approach This study conducted a questionnaire survey of 244 SRDI SMEs in China. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS. Findings This study found that DO has a positive impact on DIP; KE and KI play a mediating role in the relationship between DO and DIP; and TT positively moderates the relationship between the knowledge creation process (KE and KI) and DIP. Originality/value This study makes several important contributions. First, it enriches the literature on DIP antecedents by focusing on SRDI SMEs, an important yet under explored context. Second, it introduces knowledge creation theory into DIP research, thereby extending its theoretical perspective in the digital intelligence era. Third, it opens the black box between DO and DIP by uncovering the underlying knowledge creation mechanisms. Fourth, it further clarifies the boundary conditions under which the knowledge creation process influences DIP.

This study examines the role of human resource management based on knowledge management in improving the quality of Islamic education. The research is motivated by the need for adaptive and knowledge-based management in educational institutions amid globalization and digital transformation. This study aims to analyze how the integration of knowledge management in human resource management contributes to sustainable educational quality improvement. The research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method by reviewing relevant literature, including books, journals, and previous studies. The findings indicate that knowledge management plays a strategic role in enhancing teachers' competencies through processes of knowledge creation, storage, sharing, and application. The implementation of knowledge management encourages collaboration, innovation, and continuous learning within educational institutions. However, several challenges remain, such as the lack of knowledge-sharing culture, limited technological infrastructure, and insufficient leadership support. Therefore, strengthening organizational culture, improving digital literacy, and optimizing leadership roles are essential to ensure effective implementation. In conclusion, human resource management based on knowledge management significantly contributes to improving the quality of Islamic education in a holistic and sustainable manner.

The article examines the institutional foundations of interaction between corporations and the state in the process of integrating Ukrainian business into the European value chains of creative industries. It is substantiated that under the conditions of globalization, digital transformation of the economy and the rapid development of knowledgebased sectors, creative industries have become an important driver of economic growth, innovation development and international competitiveness. Particular attention is paid to the role of institutional environment in ensuring effective cooperation between the public sector and corporate structures, which creates the necessary prerequisites for the integration of enterprises into international economic networks and European markets. The study analyzes the key institutional mechanisms that influence the development of creative industries and facilitate the integration of Ukrainian companies into European value chains. It is emphasized that modern creative industries are closely connected with global value creation processes, which involve cooperation among various actors, including enterprises, research institutions, educational organizations and public authorities. Special attention is given to the role of digital economy development and digitalization of public administration as important institutional factors supporting the integration of Ukrainian enterprises into European economic networks. The introduction of digital technologies, electronic governance systems, open digital platforms and electronic public services significantly simplifies communication between business and government institutions, reduces administrative barriers and creates favorable conditions for entrepreneurial activity.The research proves that the formation of an effective institutional environment aimed at supporting innovation, developing creative sectors and strengthening cooperation between business and the state plays a decisive role in enhancing the competitiveness of Ukrainian enterprises. The implementation of modern institutional mechanisms and strategic public policies will contribute to the successful integration of Ukrainian companies into the European value chains of creative industries and strengthen Ukraine’s position within the European economic space.