Creation Of Civil Society Research Articles

Corporate social responsibility in use. The example of activity by Legnica Special Economic Zone joint-stock company, Poland

ObjectivesThis paper discusses the issue of corporate social responsibility, including in particular the aspect of implementation of this phenomenon in companies, paying attention to responsible and ethical conduct of business towards social groups affected by it, with the greatest possible respect for the natural environment.Material and methodsThe dominant methods of obtaining source materials were (in addition to desk research) in-depth individual interviews in the form of a free categorized interview and extensive research of social media and other channels of distribution of Zone information. Interviews were conducted with a group of experts and managers employed in the Zone, who have considerable knowledge of the functioning of clusters and special economic zones.ResultsCorporate social responsibility in the Legnica Special Economic Zone is a consistent effort to act ethically and contribute to economic development, while at the same time contributing to improving the quality of life of people and even local communities through various tools resulting from its organizational structure and directions of activity.ConclusionsThe activities of the Zone for CSR are investments that benefit companies, the economy and society. Society benefits from the improvement of the state of the environment, the development of cooperation, charitable attitudes, the creation of civil society, the acquisition of new knowledge, skills and competences. In the last few years, the social responsibility activities of the Legnica Zone have been developing dynamically and depend on the company’s capital, profits, activity of management boards, as well as the commitment of employees.

CONTENTS OF THE TRAINING OF FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS FOR THE FORMATION OF STUDENTS’ CIVIL COMPETENCE

The article reveals the content potential of the course “Teaching methods of the civic and historical educational field” in the formation of civic competence in younger schoolchildren. The relevance of the problem is due to the solution of the tasks set before educational institutions by a number of regulatory documents regarding the creation of civil society in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the content of professional training of future primary school teachers for the formation of civic competence of students. Achieving the goal was achieved by solving a number of tasks: 1) justifying the essence of civic competence; 2) to reveal the content potential of educational disciplines for preparing students for the formation of civic competence of students; 3) to analyze the content of cognitive activity of students on the formation of civic competence in the process of studying the educational discipline “Methods of the civic and historical educational field”. Civic competence is interpreted as the ability of an individual to actively perform the functions of a citizen of Ukrainian society and his willingness to show citizenship as a personal trait for full personal self-realization and development of society. Emphasis is placed on the fact that civic competence can be formed by a teacher who is himself civically competent. In accordance with this, the analysis of the Professional Standard of the primary school teacher, OPP for the training of specialists in the specialty 013 “Primary Education” was carried out. The significant content potential of the course “Teaching methods of civic and historical educational field” was noted, which involves the study of a system of theoretical knowledge about the formation of civic competence of younger schoolchildren, about citizenship as a personal quality, and practical skills and abilities to form personal dignity, civic behavior and respect in schoolchildren to others and to Ukraine as a whole, etc.

Creative Unions in the Process of Cultural Creation of Civil Society

The purpose of the article is to analyze the factual and practical experience of creative unions of Ukraine in the context of cultural creation of civil society. Methodology. General scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, induction, deduction allow to present the material in their cultural and historical integrity, to outline the features of the functioning of creative unions and to trace their impact on the development of civil society. The study of cultural mode is based on the use of the phenomenological method. Scientific novelty is to highlight the cultural aspect of the activities of creative unions for the development of civil society. The research can be used by creative unions in planning, implementation of cultural and artistic projects, development of thematic scientific and methodological materials, as well as in reading cultural disciplines in higher education. Conclusions. Factual and practical material on the activities of creative unions in Ukraine exists in a separate, non-systematic manner. Creative unions are basically charged with a cultural approach to the search for and implementation of modern projects, which are mostly clustered in nature. The cultural mode of creative projects, combining content and form with their aesthetic and artistic reproduction of reality, value-semantic dominants, innovative discoveries, identity, are decisive in the development of civil society.

China Against the Decision of the Versailles Treaty – May 4 Movement. The State of China's International Environment and Changes in the System of International Relations in the Far East Region

Decisions made after World War I at the Paris Peace Conference had serious political consequences on a global scale. In Europe, new state entities disintegrated and created, the balance of power of the main po-wers changed, with the United States of America taking the first posi-tion. A bipolar system of international relations developed gradually. It reached its final form after World War II. Under the influence of the idealistic vision of the world of American President, Woodrow Wilson, the League of Nations was created. It was a universal international organization the main task of which was to ensure the "territorial integrity and political independence” of its members and to supervise the implementation of the provisions of the Versailles Treaty, regulating the global principles of international political and economic relations. They were expressed by W. Wilson in the so-called "14 points", announced in Congress on January 8, 1918. However, China was not among the beneficiaries of the "new world order" despite the fact that the Middle Kingdom participated in the war on the side of the Entente countries. The decisions made during the Paris conference were against China's raison d'état. For this reason, the country was still an economic base for strengthening its position as superpowers, especially Japan, which had been granted the rights to German concessions in China. The public protest resulted in the revolutionary May 4 Movement, which spread from Beijing to all major cities of the Republic of China, revealing the new face of Chinese society. The 100-year anniversary of these events gives rise to considerations aimed at determining the proper causes of the outbreak of the May 4 Movement and its impact on shaping internal social relations and changes occurring in the social and political space in China. The consi-derations presented in this lecture focused mainly on a synthetic appro-ach to the issue of changes occurring in the international environment, especially the policy of the powers towards China and phenomena obse-rved in Chinese society, resulting in the May 4 Movement. The material, published in subsequent volumes of "Studia Gdańskie. Wizje i rzeczywi-stość", is presented in four parts, due to the need to analyse a wide range of factors influencing the shaping of the social movement in China. In the first part, an attempt was made to indicate the conditions of the state of China's international environment and changes in the system of international relations in the Far East region in the period preceding the outbreak of World War I until its end. The changes observed in the Chinese political and economic system under the pressure of external factors and reactionary internal phenomena will be presented in the following part of the lecture. The third part will focus on the analysis of the phenomena occurring in Chinese society, especially in the context of the creation of civil society and the rejection of the Confucian tradition under the influence of liberal, socialist ideology and communism, of which the May 4 Movement was a consequence. The conclusion will involve an attempt to show the influence of the May 4 Movement on the socio-political phenomena seen during the rule of the Communist Party of China.

Religion as a Cohesive or Divisive Factor in the Process of Peacebuilding

The intensification of ethnic and religious identity, accompanied by growing tendencies for creating new national states and escalations of regional conflicts, characterize the post-Cold War era. This article examines the growing impact of religion and the potential of religious activism as a tool for peacebuilding. A case study of Bosnia and Herzegovina will be accompanied by a historical-genealogical approach and analysis and deduction methods. By using those methods, I will answer the question of whether religion has a cohesive role (building of civil society) or divisive effect (accentuation of mutual differences and distancing of ‘other’) in the process of peacebuilding. The research results show that religious activism did positively contribute to peacebuilding but that the existent conciliatory potential is not adequately used for overcoming mutual differences and the creation of civil society, primarily due to the political and institutional framework in which it operates.

The Development of the Cooperative Movement and Civil Society in Almeria, Spain: Something from Nothing?

Cooperatives fulfilled a broad and central role not only in the economic development, but also in the creation of civil society, in a population decimated and fragmented by the politics and culture of the Franco dictatorship. The province of Almeria, Spain, is an example of smallholding rapid development due to the expansion of intensive greenhouse horticulture. It was the poorest Spanish province per capita in 1955, semi-arid, drought-ridden, and devoid of significant infrastructure. Its undereducated population held little promise for economic growth and a massive migration out of the province left it depopulated. Subsequent economic and social development of Almeria was closely tied to the establishment of both credit and agricultural cooperatives, which supported a new greenhouse agriculture for small plot family farmers organized around cooperatives. This paper focuses on how cooperatives were fundamental in constructing civil society for the benefit of poor rural people, even in the presence of significant negative social capital and undemocratic institutions during the Franco dictatorship. As the sector has modernized and matured, cooperatives have led the sustainable transformation of the business ecosystem. However, current shortcomings in the Almeria cooperative movement and civil society and challenges yet to be met are also raised.

Kształtowanie się i transformacja mentalności Polaków po 1989 roku. Analiza z perspektywy filozofii społecznej

The subject of article is transformation as a multilevel social phenomenon, experience of transformation and modernization of Polish society (in the period from 1989 to the present day, including the turning point of the reforms in 1999 and the context of Poland's membership in NATO and the EU) and changes in its mental characteristics. Mental qualities play one of the most important roles in the processes of social transformation: they have their share in shaping the perception and implementation of attitudes, correspond to values, established norms of behavior. At the same time, they can significantly complicate the rapid mastery of innovation (both consciously and subconsciously), because one of the main functions of mentality is to counteract violent revolutionary-reformist transformations and to promote paths of evolutionary cultural, social and other changes. The study of mental features should clarify which of them were helpful, and which rather the opposite – hindered at the stage of reforms and social changes and the creation of civil society. These considerations are based on the assumption that destructive mental traits are mainly associated with many years of subjecting Poland to the power of other countries, especially the Soviet Union, which led to negative state experiences, which in turn translates into a lack of liberal traditions and a low level of civic awareness of society. A very important task that Polish society faces is abandoning outdated Soviet behavior, increasing the level of responsibility and activity, mutual trust and cooperation, developing social activity, strengthening civil society, which is the engine of change and the controller of local and state self-government.

Decentralization of the Ukrainian authorities: concept, introduction, results of its stag (2014–2018)

The purpose of the paper is to highlight the process of decentralizing power in Ukraine, using historical methodology. First of all, dialectics, that is, the fragmentation of the process in the unity of its contradictions, and the principle of historicism, which requires comprehension of the essence of a particular historical period and the discovery of its immanent features.Subject of democratic reforms in Ukraine is extremely important, so this topic is widely studied by experts in the field of public administration, economics, law, sociology. Among the most topical ones is the problem of introducing and implementing a modern decentralization reform in Ukraine. Most publications contain analysis of problems and recommendations for reform. However, unfortunately, we must note that some publications of our colleagues is not so much scientific as information and propaganda. In addition, the problem is still beyond the control of historical science. Including the fact that this reform is not yet completed, only the first stage has passed. It is believed that historians have not yet come the time to analyze current processes and current phenomena. Because we believe that the processes of modern democratic reforms in Ukraine are no less interesting and relevant to historians than for specialists from other humanities. Strength and social health of the state are determined not only by the respective qualities of state administration, but also by the inclusion of the society itself, the strengthening of local self-government, the involvement of the energy of the entire population, the creation of civil society. That is why the most urgent tasks to be solved in the course of the development of the Ukrainian state were the task of developing local self-government and decentralization of power. Unfortunately, the relevant attempts made during 1990-2013 were half-hearted and generally unsuccessful because of the reluctance of the central government to give real rights and powers to local self-government, territorial communities. Starting in 2014, a decentralized government reform is being introduced in Ukraine, the first phase of which was completed in 2018. At this stage, emphasis was placed on the creation of united territorial communities and the provision of certain economic and financial autonomy. The Ukrainian authorities categorically rejected any proposals on federalization and regionalization, that is, the provision of autonomy to regions and the real strengthening of regional authorities. At the same time, she showed extraordinary activity, determination and persistence in creating united territorial communities. At the same time, despite the promised voluntary, central authorities sometimes used various direct and covert coercive methods. Overall, the goal was achieved. However, the strengthening of the independence of the communities of large cities has, in practice, strengthened the local elites, which became more authoritative and influential than the nation-wide politicians, who were mostly characterized by incompetence and abuse of their powers for their own enrichment. As a result, in Ukraine there was a threat of federalization, which the central government fears. Large cities can become the basis for such federalization in the face of a fall in confidence in the central government. Local government democracy could be more obvious in the event of a decentralization reform on all fronts: the constitutional and legal provision of self-government, the creation of executive committees of regional and district councils with the proper authority, governors' election, the establishment of appointed commissioners and prefects with strictly supervisory functions, such as it is accepted in most developed countries of the world. Obviously, such measures can not in any way endanger the unity, unity of the state, if the state is truly authoritative, strong and legal. After all, in the state - as in a separate team: if it is headed by a true leader, every employee is a creative person, and not an obediently gray performer.

Hope beyond the squalor—the police panchayat of Mumbai

ABSTRACTThis article discusses an informal dispute settlement body, the “police panchayat”, that has been flourishing in Mumbai since the early years of this century. The police panchayat is entirely staffed and run by unpaid community workers in and from the slums, most of them women of little education. At the same time, the organization has the imprimatur of the Mumbai police force—so in a sense it is a hybrid body, not entirely a creation of civil society. These community workers are drawn from a wider body of women, and some men too, who are part of an organization founded by Jockin Arputham, a long-time organizer of the poor in Mumbai.The police panchayat was conceived as a body to resolve “petty disputes” in the slums and to liaise with the police force. Instead, its major efforts have been to resolve family conflicts in the context of a judicial and social landscape where such support and mediation have been almost entirely lacking.The future of the police panchayat is far from assured and there are manifest tensions in its make-up—not least, the importance and value of the connection with the police. But the record of the panchayat does suggest that there are important possibilities for bottom-up community action in the slums, and perhaps elsewhere in India, that take a fresh and inclusive approach to achieving peace and harmony, if not always justice, in particularly challenging circumstances.

La société civile, juge des droits de l’homme: à propos du Tribunal International Monsanto

RésuméFruit de la société civile, le Tribunal International Monsanto a siégé à la Haye en octobre 2016. Dans son “avis consultatif” du 18 avril 2017, ce tribunal d’opinion apprécie juridiquement les comportements de Monsanto au regard des droits à un environnement sain, à l’alimentation, à la santé, à la liberté scientifique ainsi qu’à l’aune des crimes de guerre et d’écocide. Le présent article se propose d’examiner le contenu de cet avis, tout en le replaçant dans le contexte juridique international. Dans la mesure où l’entreprise Monsanto n’a pas pris part au débat, la question du procès équitable est, dans un premier temps, examinée, tant son implication sur le fond peut être déterminante. Concernant l’avis lui-même, la position du Tribunal est en demi-teinte: alors qu’il est sans appel s’agissant des atteintes aux droits de l’homme par Monsanto, il est plus réservé, en l’état du droit positif, pour ce qui est relatif aux violations des normes internationales pénales. Dans ce contexte, le Tribunal propose deux mesures pour rééquilibrer l’ordre juridique international, à savoir, d’une part, hiérarchiser celui-ci au profit des droits de l’homme et, d’autre part, faire des entreprises des débiteurs directs des obligations internationales découlant de ces droits.

Problem teaching of civic education and creation of civil society

This article is devoted to the analysis of the role of the use of methods of teaching civics problem. In the early parts of the study showed a relationship between learning outcomes that bring these methods and competencies and abilities, which in accordance with theoretical considerations should be characterized by any member of the civil society, is considered to be the ideal of collective life. The next part of the article is a description of the techniques and methods of teaching problem with guidelines for their effective use.

Punishment and Sovereignty in De Indis and De iure belli ac pacis

Grotius’s theory of punishment provides a unique lens through which to view his evolving thought on sovereignty between De Indis and De iure belli ac pacis and the implications of that evolution for Grotius’s theory of the ius in bello. Throughout both works, Grotius attempted to leave open the possibility of private punishment and private warfare, a position not easily squared with prevailing views of sovereign authority. Initially, Grotius was content with a theory marrying the private right of punishment with more traditional Scholastic views of sovereignty through a transfer of the private right from individuals into the hands of the sovereign. This theory also adopted traditional views of subject responsibility for sovereign acts—and, by extension, the exposure of subjects to punishment for the acts of their sovereign. By the time of his mature work, however, Grotius turned away from natural law justifications for collective responsibility and collective punishment, denying that subjects had to answer for the acts of their sovereign as a necessary incident of the compact creating civil society. This led Grotius to refer virtually all forms of collective responsibility, such as reprisal or punishment exacted through war, to the law of nations. This sharp reduction of the natural consequences of the creation of sovereign power also enabled Grotius’s argument that the private right of war, and in particular the private right of punishment, remained available after the creation of civil society.

Public Spaces – Coexistence and Participation

The paper is an attempt to answer two questions: (1) how to develop positive social relations and citizenship among residents of cities in Poland and (2) how suitable shaping of public space affects the activation and integration of local residents. The specificity of the postwar process of urbanization in Poland - a country traditionally agricultural - was its political dimension (forced “nationalisation” of agriculture and industrialization of the country) ignoring the socio-cultural determinants and consequences of this process resulting in disappearance of traditional social bonds. According to forecasts, the number of urban dwellers is expected to grow by the year 2050 and increase up to 70 percent of the population. Such a rapid urban sprawl was not accompanied by appropriate social policies; the result was a low level of social organization and of a sense of citizenship. There are various attempts to change this situation. One of them is the development of a system of urban public spaces, according to the needs and preferences of residents (i.e. promotion of physical activity in public areas, introducing elements of art to the common external space, encouraging users to contribute to their surroundings and introducing the appearance of temporary, often cyclical, attractions). Regular interactions between people in public spaces are conducive to developing positive social relationships. Quality and development of the local community is dependent on the quality of space in which it is built. For this reason, attention has been paid to the factors influencing the perception of public space, i.e. geographical and natural conditions, cultural and architectural (arrangement, the availability and condition of these spaces). In the article, the examples of different types of Polish public spaces are described – permanent and temporal recreational spaces (including summer activities and winter attractions). Attempt has also been made to give an answer to the question: who nowadays is a citizen and how to assist in the creation of civil society with a system of public spaces with thoughtful application program. Currently the city, through its scale, deepens the alienation of residents, therefore appears a need for treatments favouring social interaction. The aforementioned spatial actions motivate people to go out and find themselves in the public space. Coexistence is the first necessary step to produce community. This relationship and the specifics of this co-presence may encourage citizens to return to the public space.

Refleksije društvenog ugovora Ruso kao naš savremenik

In this paper the author attempts to analyze Rousseau's theory of social contract, elaborated in Rousseau's work with the same title. In order to understand this issue, it was necessary to compare the most important theories of contract - Grotius, Hobbes and Locke, in order to fully understand Rousseau's point of view. The work consists of two parts. The first part analyzes the chronology of concept of natural law, natural status and common features of new era contract theories - from the ancient times until the Rousseau himself. The second part is fully dedicated to Rousseau's idea of contract. In this segment of the paper, the author elaborates on issues of social and historical circumstances that had the major impact on the creation of Rousseau's theory, his understanding of the natural status, creation of civil society and origin of inequality, idea of contract, problem of law, freedom and status of the executive power on in the ideal state.

Ethical Appraisal of the Role of Civil Society in Nigeria

Contemporary studies surrounding the creation of civil society in Africa have revealed two important findings. First, despite the effort of civil society organizations in supporting inclusive democratic governance, promoting participation, advocating for transparency and accountability, sustainable development and stability remain elusive due to the challenges of social exclusion. Second, institutions central to the exercise of governmental powers exhibit inefficiency, weakness, lack transparency, and low credibility which worsen extreme poverty, inequality, and deprivation. Drawing upon extensive contemporary literature on social exclusion and inclusive growth, this study examines the role of civil society organisations as a pathway for social inclusion and sustainable development. Findings reveal that the management and distribution of services in the Nigerian society is largely inefficient and exclusionary, leading to myriad of social problems. This study has a significant implication for cumulative research on the subject of inclusive society and sustainable development.

URGENT DESTABILIZERS OF PUBLIC AND STATE SECURITY, TACTICS OF COUNTERACTION TO IT

At creation of civil society in any constitutional state there is a crime counteraction problem. In the modern Russian Federation safety problems from the negative social phenomena and processes force scientists, public agents and ordinary citizens to investigate constantly such determinants and the reasons (destabilizers of safety of society and the constitutional state), to eliminate their consequences. Such problems as are urgent now: increase in information on ways and consequences of violence in the mass media (MM), the Internet, computer games, traditional physical abuse. The number of questions and assessment by citizens of consequences of the conducted terrorist attacks and infringement of life of citizens causes. The accounting of the specified problems and versions of decisions in law-enforcement practice, will allow to promote as a result efficiency of prevention of offenses and crimes and will bring closer modern Russia to ideal model of the constitutional state with real civil society. In article the author designates a number of the legal and social destabilizers of safety existing now in the Russian society and the state, proposes the solution of their negative impact on society within tactics of crime control.

Політика соціального партнерства як фактор модернізації соціальних інститутів у процесі демократизації політичного режиму

Демократизація політичного режиму завжди супроводжується глибокими кризовими явищами, які проявляються майже в усіх сферах життєдіяльності суспільства: економічній, політичній, трудовій. Демократизація не може відбуватись в одній складовій суспільного життя. Так, наприклад, зміна лише основ формування керівних органів влади або легалізації політичних партій не може призвести до становлення демократичного політичного режиму без створення ринкової економіки, громадянського суспільства, забезпечення участі соціальних груп у прийнятті державних рішень. Перш за все це пов’язано з тим, що демократичний транзит, демократизація, яка проходить лише в одній сфері, стає неефективною та приводить або до створення нового недемократичного режиму, або до формування псевдодемократичного режиму, або до розпаду держави. Тобто процес переходу від авторитарного політичного режиму не завжди має визначений результат та призводить до формування демократичного політичного режиму. Успіх демократизації політичного режиму залежить, перш за все, від здатності модернізувати політичні та соціальні інститути. Соціальне партнерство забезпечує участь основних соціальних груп у соціально­політичній модернізації держави. Взаємодія роботодавців та найманих працівників забезпечує інституціоналізацію соціально­трудового життя, створення інституту співпраці соціальних груп з державними органами влади. Створення такого соціального інституту впливає на успішність розвитку демократичних механізмів взаємодії держави та суспільства, створення громадянського суспільства. Модернізація соціально­трудових відносин за допомогою соціального партнерства забезпечує подолання основних криз демократизації політичного режиму. Це досягається за допомогою формування соціальної та політичної стабільності, що мінімізує можливі негативні наслідки демократичного транзиту політичного режиму.

The internet subculture of Indonesian face-veiled women

The article analyses internet usage by Indonesian face-veiled women ( cadari). Such women desire to return to a true Islam, and are often understood by mainstream Muslims as oppressed. Taking advantage of the freedom of speech that has emerged in Indonesia’s post-authoritarian period, they use media strategically for their own purposes in ways quite different from those motivating the internet habits of mainstream Muslims in Indonesia. The article analyses how the women create and maintain subcultures through the internet. Specifically, it focuses on the mailing list of one group of Salafi women, and a virtual business enterprise run by a cadari. While the existing literature tends to emphasize those aspects of the internet that can contribute to the creation of civil society, the internet has enabled cadari to fashion differing trajectories compatible with their subcultures.

Value Goals and Institutional Framework for the Establishment of Administrative Public Prosecution in China

中国正处于社会转型期, 社会矛盾和利益纠纷呈高发态势, 通过厉行法治, 保证 行政权正确行使, 是预防、减少和妥善应对社会风险的良策。由于行政诉讼在制度架 构方面的缺陷, 其制度功能发挥并不充分。设置行政公诉制度, 应当成为完善行政诉 讼制度的一个重要选择。它具有监督和促进依法行政、引导市民社会生成、化解社会 矛盾等多方面的价值, 也是完善中国特色检察制度的应有之义。建立行政公诉, 应当 从理念和制度建构等不同层面予以设计。 关键词: 行政公诉 依法行政 检察权 权力制衡 Since China is now in a stage of social transition that displays a high occurrence of social conflict and interest disputes, strict adherence to the rule of law and ensuring the correct exercise of administrative power is the best strategy for preventing, reducing and properly managing social risks. Structural defects have meant that the institutional function of public prosecution has not been given full rein. The establishment of administrative public prosecution should thus become an important option for the improvement of administrative legal proceedings. It would have value in a multitude of ways, including monitoring and promoting the exercise of administrative functions according to law, guiding the creation of civil society, and resolving social conflicts, and it is also a necessity for the improvement of China’s procuratorial system. The establishment of administrative public prosecution should be designed at the conceptual level, the institutional level, and so on.

Confucian Principles of Governance: Paternalistic Order and Relational Obligations Without Legal Rules

Tung Chung-Shu (179-104B.C.) synthesized the works of Confucius and Mencius to come up with a blueprint for the creation of civil society based on hierarchical order and moral cultivation, known as ‘San Gang Wu Chang’. ‘San Gang’ refers to the obligations attached to three key relationships in any given society, they are those between the king and his subjects; father and son; husband and wife. It is essentially social stratification with the focus on paternalism. ‘Wu Chang’ speaks of the five virtues: benevolence (Ren), righteousness (Yi), propriety (Li), wisdom (Zhi), and trust (Xin). These five moral benchmarks are the underpinnings of human intercourse and relational obligations. Therefore, the application of this Confucian order in the context of corporate governance suggests an emphasis on the establishment of paternalistic order and the fulfillment of one’s relational obligations towards others in the company, the goal is to create a harmonious environment.