The range of illness in general practice differs considerably from that found in hospital medicine. One-third of all patients who consult their general practitioner are likely to be seeking help for the emotional distress associated with a physical disease, or for a ‘life problem’ reflecting an underlying psychosocial problem rather than an organic complaint (Rowland and Irving, 1984).Many illnesses can stem from social circumstances. Surveys conducted in Canada and Britain have shown that emotional disorders are associated with a high demand for medical care, leading to over-re presentation in specific categories of physical disorders such as those of digestive and genitourinary disease (Brennan and Noce, 1981; Sheperd, 1983). The health of adults and children is known to be affected by the rising divorce rate and studies of the physical effects of unexpressed grief have demonstrated the relationship between the immune system and the central nervous system (de Selincourt, 1983; Nichols, 1984). As Fowler commented, much emotional illness in general practice defies precise diagnostic labelling: it falls into a category of neurotic and personality disorders described as conspicuous morbidity (Grey and Fowler, 1984).
Read full abstract