Cotton Candy Research Articles

Glycemic index and glycemic load of brief sugary sweets: randomized controlled trials of eight Thai desserts.

Thai desserts, celebrated for their exquisite sweetness, are widely enjoyed for personal indulgence and as cherished souvenirs. However, their high sugar content raises concerns regarding health impacts. This study aimed to quantify the glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) in healthy volunteers following consumption of various Thai desserts, out of 10 renowned desserts from across Thailand, identified by the Tourism Authority of Thailand, characterized by differing sugar levels. Eight were selected based on the absence of preservatives and microbial or chemical contaminations. Each participant consumed a 50-g serving of available carbohydrate (50avCHO) from these desserts. Ninety-six healthy volunteers, with a mean age of 31.8 ± 5.7 years, a mean body weight of 57.2 ± 7.3 kg, and 63.5% women, were randomized into eight groups, with each group comprising 12 participants. Blood samples were collected pre-and post-consumption to assess GI and GL values following established protocols. The findings revealed that Phetchaburi's Custard Cake exhibited the lowest GI and GL values (53.4 and 26.7, respectively), with progressively higher values observed in Saraburi's Curry Puff (61.8 and 30.9), Nakhon Sawan's Mochi (68.9 and 34.4), Suphan Buri's Sponge Cake (75.9 and 38.0), Ayutthaya's Cotton Candy (81.4 and 40.7), Prachuap Khiri Khan's Pineapple Cheese Cake Biscuit (87.4 and 43.7), Chon Buri's Bamboo Sticky Rice (109.3 and 54.7), and Lampang's Crispy Rice Cracker (149.3 and 74.7), respectively. The study demonstrates that while Thai desserts exhibit a range of GI values, their GL values are uniformly high. It underscores the importance of disseminating GI and GL information to consumers, enabling them to make informed dietary choices and moderate their intake of these sugary delicacies.

Plastic wine glass mimic improves the perception of quality and aroma of white wines

The impact of surrounding stimuli to the perceptions of foods and beverages is a well-established phenomenon known as psychophysics. Within the context of wines, psychophysics impacts have been demonstrated, with high-end wine glasses impacting sensory perceptions of the contained wines. However, with the commoditisation of white wines, there is a growing consumer base utilizing budget options for receptacles, which have unknown psychophysics impacts to the perceptions of wines. Accordingly, the work herein involved sensory assessment of 3 unlabelled white wines within 2 receptacles; a clear plastic wine glass mimic (‘glass’) and a red plastic beer cup (‘cup’). The results identified that perception of wines within the ‘glass’ was associated with a 1.20-fold increase in assigned wine value (AU$), and increased the perceived strength of floral and fruity aromas: apricot (p = 0.002), cotton candy (p = 0.084), honeysuckle (p = 0.080), lime (p = 0.073), peach (p = 0.084), stone fruit (p = 0.073), and wildflower (p = 0.080). The increased perception of desirable aromas and assigned value appear to be driven by psychophysics phenomena, potentially relating to receptacle shape, weight, style, and tactile experience, which function to prime consumer perceptions.

“Plastic recycling in a cotton candy machine” – a maker project for science education

AbstractTrotz engagierter politischer Initiativen sowie Forderungen und Förderungen für eine Kreislaufwirtschaft steigt das jährlich produzierte Volumen an Kunststoffen, während der Anteil im Kreislauf gehaltener Kunststoffe dem Wachstum nur bedingt gerecht wird. Im Rahmen einer Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung ist die Auseinandersetzung mit Kunststoffen und deren Recycling insbesondere in jungen Teilen der Bevölkerung essentiell, um die Relevanz einer zukunftsweisenden Circular Economy nachvollziehen und weitertragen zu können. Im naturwissenschaftlichen Regelunterricht jedoch werden Recyclingprozesse mitunter aufgrund ihrer Komplexität nur oberflächlich integriert. Im Rahmen des Make@thons „Nachhaltige Textilien“ entwickelte eine Schüler:innengruppe mit dem Kunststoffrecycling in der Zuckerwattemaschine eine niedrigschwellige und kostengünstige Möglichkeit zur Integration dieser Recyclingprozesse in den Unterricht.

Validation of the spectrophotometric method for the quantitative determination of nimesulide in solid dispersions systems obtained by centrifugal fiber formation

In order to increase the water solubility of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory active pharmaceutical ingredient, nimesulide, solid dispersed systems were developed using the innovative technology of centrifugal fiber formation. Accordingly, in order to obtain correct results regarding the degree of increase in the solubility of nimesulide in solid dispersed systems, it is necessary to select a method for determining the quantitative content of the active pharmaceutical ingredient in the developed polymer composites. The aim of the study was to develop and validate a spectrophotometric method for the quantitative determination of nimesulide in solid dispersed systems obtained by centrifugal fiber formation. A small commercially available cotton candy machine «Cotton candy maker» (China) was used to produce solid dispersed systems of nimesulide by the method of centrifugal fiber formation. Spectrophotometric studies were performed using an OPTIZEN POP UV spectrophotometer (Meсasys, South Korea) in quartz glass cuvettes with an optical layer thickness of 1 cm (Agilent, USA). The developed spectrophotometric method for the quantitative determination of nimesulide content in centrifugally formed polymeric solid dispersed systems is based on the qualitative reaction of nimesulide with a 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution, resulting in the formation of a yellow compound with a maximum optical absorption at 400 nm. The validation characteristics of the proposed method, in particular, specificity, linearity, precision, and robustness, were investigated. It was confirmed that the wavelength of 400 nm is specific for the analysis. It was proved that the method is linear (R2 = 0.999) in the range of nimesulide concentrations 80–120%. The accuracy of the method was confirmed at the level of convergence and reproducibility. When changing the wavelength by ± 2 nm, the standard deviation is 0.12%, which indicates the robustness of the developed method. Thus, it is proved that all the selected validation characteristics of the developed spectrophotometric method for determining the quantitative content of nimesulide in centrifugally formed polymeric solid dispersed systems meet the acceptance criteria, which confirms the validity of the method.

Aromatic Profiling of New Table Grape Varieties Using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry and Olfactometry.

The aim of this study is the aromatic characterization of new table grape varieties, namely Guzun (V. vinifera), Melona (V. vinifera), Cotton Candy (V. vinifera), IVC SA3 (V. labrusca), and IVC SB1 (V. labrusca). The qualitative and quantitative analysis of odorant molecules present in the berries allows for the definition of the aroma profile of the grape. This analysis benefits from the progress of analytical techniques and sensory methodologies. Gas chromatography/mass detection enable the efficient detection of the substances present and their concentrations. Through the coupling of gas chromatography with sensory detection (gas chromatography-olfactometry), it is possible to correlate the compounds detected by gas chromatography with olfactory stimuli, exploiting the human olfactory system. Aroma, a significant flavor component, is an important attribute of table grape that contributes to defining their quality. This characteristic is highly valued by consumers, and consequently, the market asks for table grapes with a particular or new aroma. Aromatic characterization is a crucial step in the study of the table grape varieties to evaluate their potential at the commercial level or, for instance, in breeding programs focusing on organoleptic properties.

Cotton Candy Sunset by Randy Bott

Cotton Candy Sunset by Randy Bott

Orally disintegrating tablets: formulation, preparation, and quality control assessment

Orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) are a new formulation that dissolves in saliva within seconds, and there is no need to drink water. Due to its many benefits, this dosage form is an effective way to administer active pharmacological substances, especially for pediatric, geriatric, psychiatric, paralyzed, and bedridden patients. ODTs have been shown to have superior patient compatibility and drug solubility in numerous studies that have compared this tablet form with conventional forms in vitro and in vivo. There are many substances used to achieve enhanced characteristics, including super disintegrants such as croscarmellose sodium and crospovidone to achieve rapid disintegration and dissolution, and selection of appropriate diluent, binder, sweetening agents, flavoring materials, and lubricant are required to make tablets dissolve quickly. This dosage type can be prepared in several techniques, including direct compression, sublimation, freeze-drying, lyophilization, spray drying, molding, Process of cotton candy, Massextrusion, phase extrusion, and Melt Granulation. Formulation and selection of appropriate excipients are discussed, and ODTs' preparation techniques are illustrated in this review. Laboratory evaluation and quality control measures, including precompression (micromeritics parameters) to adjust formulation and obtain the optimized formulations to be produced and scale up and post-compression parameters for ODTs, are also discussed in this review.

The science of miracles - chemistry

The chemical experiment (laboratory or demonstration) motivates the study of chemistry as a field of science. Our earlier report has revealed the relationship between the scientific side of the chemical experiment and its attractiveness. The purpose of the current communication is to demonstrate the relation between the science of chemistry and its miracles, especially studying the second main group of the periodic system. The names of the selected experiments are wonderful, which excites the interest of learners: „Magical light”, „The Gin”, „Poppin candy”, „Snake of fire”, „Falling clouds”, „Jellyfishes”, „Cotton candy”, „Devil’s milkshake”. The selected experiments are not just miracles, but they also reveal the basic properties of the metals from the second main group of the periodic system and their compounds. These experiments are appropriate for a great variety of learners of different ages: pupils and students

Analysis of Rhodamine B Levels in Cotton Candy Circulated in Makassar City

Rhodamine B is a synthetic dye used as a textile dye. It is prohibited as a Food Additive because it can irritate the digestive tract, poison, and even cause cancer and death. The research was to see if there were any Rhodamine B deposits of cotton candy in Makassar. This test used five samples. The methods used in testing are TLC and spectrophotometry UV-Vis. All five samples' test results show no stain was formed (negative). UV-Vis spectrophotometry test on a 553 nm length acquired data of Rhodamine B levels in a row as follows: first sample of cotton candy = 0.005%, sample 2 of cotton candy = 0.001%, sample 3 of cotton candy = 0.0008%, sample 4 of cotton candy = 0.003%, and sample 5 of cotton candy = 0.0009%. They concluded that all five samples identified contained Rhodamine B synthesized dye to a minimal degree of the cotton candy sample distributed in Makassar.

Adverse Biophysical Impact of e-Cigarette Flavors on Pulmonary Surfactant.

The attractiveness and abundance of flavors are primary factors eliciting youth to use e-cigarettes. Emerging studies in recent years revealed the adverse health impact of e-cigarette flavoring chemicals, including disruption of the biophysical function of pulmonary surfactants in the lung. Nevertheless, a comprehensive understanding of the biophysical impact of various flavoring chemicals is still lacking. We used constrained drop surfactometry as a new alternative method to study the biophysical impact of flavored e-cigarette aerosols on an animal-derived natural pulmonary surfactant. The dose of exposure to e-cigarette aerosols was quantified with a quartz crystal microbalance, and alterations to the ultrastructure of the surfactant film were visualized using atomic force microscopy. We have systematically studied eight representative flavoring chemicals (benzyl alcohol, menthol, maltol, ethyl maltol, vanillin, ethyl vanillin, ethyl acetate, and ethyl butyrate) and six popular recombinant flavors (coffee, vanilla, tobacco, cotton candy, menthol/mint, and chocolate). Our results suggested a flavor-dependent inhibitory effect of e-cigarette aerosols on the biophysical properties of the pulmonary surfactant. A qualitative phase diagram was proposed to predict the hazardous potential of various flavoring chemicals. These results provide novel implications in understanding the environmental, health, and safety impacts of e-cigarette aerosols and may contribute to better regulation of e-cigarette products.

Candy floss spinning driven facile exfoliated PLA-clay bionanocomposites: Study of mechanical, thermal, and microstructural properties

Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is a benign biodegradable polymer based on renewable resource. Cotton candy floss is a longstanding popular technique to prepare cotton like fibres in food applications. This study investigated the potential feasibility of using candy floss spinning (CFS) technique to generate new PLA-clay bionanocomposites with exfoliated morphology. The dispersion of nanoclay in PLA-clay bionanocomposites prepared by internal mixing, with and without candy floss spinning, as a masterbatch (having 20%wt nanoclay) and then diluted in twin screw extruder to different percentage of nanoclay loadings (1%, 2% and 4%, w/w), were compared in terms of their structures and properties. They were subjected to several tests: tensile and flexural tests, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), simultaneous thermal analysis (STA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Overall, mechanical, and thermal properties of the bionanocomposites were improved in comparison to the neat PLA. Furthermore, XRD study exposed that bionanocomposites prepared by the CFS technique showed the disappearance of d001 basal peak, confirming generation of exfoliated microstructures, whereas the samples prepared solely by the internal mixing technique showed intercalated structure. Additionally, PLA-clay bionanocomposites prepared by the candy floss spinning technique exhibited prominent enhancement of mechanical as well as thermal properties compared to the ones prepared solely by internal mixing. These bionanocomposites possess great potential to find application as food packaging material.

A versatile hot melt centrifugal spinning apparatus for thermoplastic microfibres production

The centrifugal spinning (CS) method could address common issues such as low production rate and high energy consumption in the industry of nonwoven textile fabrication. Similarly to cotton candy production, the high-speed rotating reservoir extrudes melt or solvent-based polymer from orifices to produce fibres. Using polymer melt avoids solvent elimination and toxicity, but the process is more difficult. Thus, a versatile lab-scale hot melt spinneret with the ability to pour pellets inside continuously to expand our knowledge of the CS method and investigating different extrusion geometries such as nozzlefree is developed. Among the controllable parameters are, the spinneret heating temperature (up to 300°C), its two interchangeable 3D printer nozzles. An Arduino code is used to stabilize the temperature. The system performance is investigated with polypropylene and polylactide. The results show that fibres under 15 μm in diameter are produced. This work is licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0. To view a copy of this license, visithttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

On Overview of Fast dissolving tablet

Fast dissolving tablets emerge as one of the popular and widely accepted dosage forms, especially for paediatric patients because of incomplete development of the muscular and nervous system and a case of geriatric patients suffering from Parkinson’s disorder or hand tremors. Few solid dosage forms like capsules and tablets are present days facing the problems like difficulty in swallowing (dysphagia), resulting in many incidences of non-compliance and making the therapy ineffective. Oral dosage form and oral route is the most preferred route of administration for various drugs have limitations like first-pass metabolism, psychiatric patients, bedridden and uncooperative patients. FDTs are disintegrating or dissolve quickly in the saliva without a need of water. Fast dissolving tablets are designed to dissolve in saliva remarkably faster, within a few seconds (less than 60 seconds), and those are real fast-dissolving tablets. The convenience of administration and improved patient compliance are important in the design of oral drug delivery system which remains the preferred route of drug delivery in spite of various disadvantages. There are several technologies that are conventional or patented based on spray drying, cotton candy process, sublimation, melt granulation, direct compression freezes drying/lyophilization, phase transition process, mass extrusion, etc. have been developed for manufacturing of FDTs

Removal of Rhodamine dye from foodstuffs using column chromatography and isotherm study

ABSTRACT For the past decades, the safety issues of the aquatic environment and human health from the pollutants still form a cause of great concern for a lot of researchers due to its threat to the safety of humans on earth. Rhodamine B is a highly toxic dye categorized as an illegal additive in foodstuff. The current work studied and tested the Iodo-polyurethane foam (I-PUF) as a solid phase for Rhodamine dye (RhB) removal from foodstuff and environmental samples. The characterization of I-PUF was studied by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The adsorption behavior was studied via batch and column experiments. The isotherm was evaluated through different isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D-R)). The calculated Freundlich isotherm results confirmed significantly with the experimental data (R2 = 0.9986). The maximum RhB adsorption capacity was found as 22.2717 mg g−1. The performance of the sorbent-packed column was evaluated by the breakthrough capacity and critical capacity. The breakthrough and critical capacities were 1.65 and 1 mg g−1, respectively. Under the optimized parameters, the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) equals 0.2914 and 0.9713 mg L−1, respectively. An effective application was performed for environmental samples (well water) and foodstuff (cotton candy and Ice pops), where the recovery percentage varied between 94.5% and 97%.

Centrifugal Melt Spun Microfi brous Solid Dispersion of Diclofenac Sodium with Enhanced Solubility

A lower dissolution rate of poorly soluble drugs is the prime factor aff ecting their bioavailability. The centrifugal melt spinning method is a simple, aff ordable and scalable technique to prepare microfi bers with enhanced solubility and dissolution rate. This study aimed to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly soluble drug diclofenac sodium by centrifugal melt spinning technique. Microfi brous solid dispersion of diclofenac sodium 10% w/w with sucrose were prepared to utilize a cotton candy device. The dissolution studies revealed that the drug-loaded microfi bers released 98.10 ± 0.52% of drug within 5 minutes as compared with pure drug and physical mixture. The drug-loaded microfi bers were bead-free with uniform morphology and diameter of 13.25 ± 4.4 μm. The centrifugal melt-spinning process converted the drug and carrier to amorphous state, which was further confi rmed from the calorimetric and crystallographic study results. The results indicated that the centrifugal melt spinning process rapidly produced microfi bers with improved solubility and dissolution rate. The results of this study have shown that the centrifugal melt spinning technique may provide an easy, highly scalable, and adaptable fabrication technique to increase the solubility and rate of dissolution of poorly soluble drugs.

Jack of all trades-master of most.

The Sandra R. Leiblum Presidential Lecture, delivered by the president at the time of the annual meeting, is named for the first president of the International Society for the Study of Women’s Sexual Health (ISSWSH), who passed away tragically in 2010. I was pleased to present this address at the ISSWSH Annual Meeting on March 6, 2023, in St Louis, Missouri, and to share it with our Sexual Medicine Reviews readers. Welcome to St Louis, founded in 1764 as a French fur-trading village by Pierre Laclede, who named the city “St Louis” for King Louis IX. It is famous for its beer, baseball, and the Blues hockey team. Foods invented here include the hamburger, the hot dog, peanut butter, iced tea, the club sandwich, cotton candy, and the ice cream cone—all of which premiered at the 1904 World’s Fair. As St Louis was the western-most city in the new territory in 1803 with the Louisiana Purchase, it became known as the “gateway to the west,” perpetuated today by the famous Gateway Arch. When Irwin and I moved from Boston to San Diego, we drove for 2 days to get to St Louis and bought a National Parks Pass, and the Gateway Arch was my first national park ever.

METAPHORICAL APPROACH TOWARDS THE INTERIOR DESIGN OF KAMPUNG LANGIT, BALI

Kampung Langit is an educational tourist spot located on the top floor of The Keranjang, Bali. Kampung Langit is aimed for children where they can enjoy various educational activities related to Balinese culture as well as providing retail areas where visitors can shop for souvenirs and snacks. Kampung Langit is a 1600 meter square area with various activities in each corner. The renovated area is one of the retail areas for sweets products, such as candies, ice cream, marshmallows, cotton candy and many other kinds of sweets. The design process was carried out by using a two-stage design process pioneered by William M. Pena and descriptive analysis process was also done by literature study on the metaphorical approach towards architecture and interior design. In this interior retail project, tangible metaphor is implemented directly towards the visual aspect of the interior. This metaphorical approach can be seen in the interior elements of Kampung Langit which are created according to the original shape of the sweets which will be sold. Metaphorical approach is also used in determining the colors used in the design, which are pastel colors inspired from marshmallows. By using a metaphorical approach towards the interior design of Kampung Langit, additional selling and commercial value is present. Metaphorical approach on the interior design improves the selling and commercial value of Kampung Langit.

Synthesis and characterization of cotton candy-PANI: Enhanced supercapacitance properties

Polyaniline (PANI) is a popular material for making supercapacitor electrodes due to its long-term cycle stability, specific capacitance, conductivity, mechanical robustness, scalability, and viability. All of these characteristics may be improved by introducing new architecture and employing alternative synthetic methods. The current study covers the synthesis and electrochemical performance of the protonated emeraldine salt of a newly architected PANI, which is referred in this article as cotton candy polyaniline (cc-PANI). It was found that the direct current (DC) conductivity and specific capacitance of PANI and cc-PANI electrodes are 1.21 × 10−4 Scm−1, 3.73 × 10−4 Scm−1 and 161.66 Fg-1, 203.33 Fg-1 at a current density of 1Ag-1 in a 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte solution respectively. Further, the static contact angle (CA) was found to be 38.3o and 32.6o for PANI and cc-PANI. Here, a novel designed cc-PANI was effectively synthesised and characterised. This strategy offers new hopes in the realm of PANI with improved supercapacitance qualities.

'Pink cotton candy'-A new dye-free cotton.

'Pink cotton candy'-A new dye-free cotton.

Raft

Raft Ted Kooser (bio) Click for larger view View full resolution At the said-to-be bottomless pondat the sand pit, the raft we discoveredwas a heavy barn door, maybe ten feetby twelve, halfway in, halfway outof the water where others had left it,probably older boys, always the firstto find something good, use it a while,then leave it for us, Billy and Larry,Danny and me, floating it out ontothe water, wading in after it, holdingonto its edge as we slid down the slopeup to our shoulders, then one by onehelped each other climb on, soakedand shivering, standing to balance,arms spread, each to a corner, facingeach other, frightened but laughing,not a forethought among us for a poleto push out with, nor a plank for an oar,as we trusted that door as it floatednot on but just under the surface,one corner sinking, then slowly liftingas another went down, ankle deepover the cold, bottomless darkness.Seventy years later, I still feel that doorsinking under my weight, can still seethe white faces of Larry and Billyand Danny looking across into mineas we held our arms wide, as if to keepsome wild, free, invisible creaturethere at the center from running away,and at eighty I know what it was. [End Page 45] Ted Kooser Ted Kooser's most recent book is Cotton Candy: Poems Dipped Out of the Air (University of Nebraska Press, 2022). He is a former US Poet Laureate and winner of the Pulitzer Prize. He and his wife live on sixty-two acres of rural Nebraska. Photo by Stancey Hancock Copyright © 2023 World Literature Today and the Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma