Correct Use Of Language Research Articles

Automatic generation of physics items with Large Language Models (LLMs)

High-quality items are essential for producing reliable and valid assessments, offering valuable insights for decision-making processes. As the demand for items with strong psychometric properties increases for both summative and formative assessments, automatic item generation (AIG) has gained prominence. Research highlights the potential of large language models (LLMs) in the AIG process, noting the positive impact of generative AI tools like ChatGPT on educational assessments, recognized for their ability to generate various item types across different languages and subjects. This study fills a research gap by exploring how AI-generated items in secondary/high school physics aligned with educational taxonomy. It utilizes Bloom's taxonomy, a well-known framework for designing and categorizing assessment items across various cognitive levels, from low to high. It focuses on a preliminary assessment of LLMs ability to generate physics items that match the Bloom’s taxonomy application level. Two leading LLMs, ChatGPT (GPT-4) and Gemini, were chosen for their strong performance in creating high-quality educational content. The research utilized various prompts to generate items at different cognitive levels based on Bloom's taxonomy. These items were assessed using multiple criteria: clarity, accuracy, absence of misleading content, appropriate complexity, correct language use, alignment with the intended level of Bloom's taxonomy, solvability, and assurance of a single correct answer. The findings indicated that both ChatGPT and Gemini were skilled at generating physics assessment items, though their effectiveness varied based on the prompting methods used. Instructional prompts, particularly, resulted in excellent outputs from both models, producing items that were clear, precise, and consistently aligned with the Application level of Bloom's taxonomy.

Kualitas Isi dan Kalimat Efektif pada Teks Berita di Website Detikjabar Edisi Februari 2024 sebagai Bahan Bacaan dan Sumber Informasi bagi Mahasiswa

Ineffective sentences are sentences that have several words that are difficult to understand. This research is motivated by the writers in the preparation of sentences in news texts that are not in accordance with linguistic rules. This research aims to identify the use of effective sentences in online news texts, with a focus on the article "It's Time to Clean up APKs in Bandung City" found on the February 2024 Edition of the Detikjabar Website. This analysis aims to analyze ineffective sentences in the article and produce more effective sentences, in accordance with linguistic rules. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach, with a syntactic theoretical approach. The results showed several ineffective sentences found in the news text, such as the use of less formal words and typos. The sentence improvements offered aim to improve clarity and conformity with correct linguistic rules. It is hoped that this knowledge can help readers understand the importance of effective sentences in news texts and avoid language errors in writing. The benefits of this analysis include a better understanding of the correct use of language in the context of online news, both in academic and non-academic activities.

The effects of completing collaborative or independent writing on the development of language use in individual writing

This quasi-experimental classroom-based study (n = 128) assessed how individual writing developed after students had completed either collaborative or independent writing; specifically looking at the development of language use in writing and changes in the complexity, accuracy and fluency of individual writing completed before and after either collaborative or independent writing had been carried out. While the complexity and fluency of individual writing changed in a similar way after collaborative or independent writing had been completed, analysis of pre and post-test writing revealed that accuracy increased by a significantly greater degree in the post-test writing of learners who carried out collaborative writing (n = 64). This suggests that students may be able to learn about correct language use from writing collaboratively with their peers.

PROBLEMS OF ECOLOGIZATION OF THE MODERN UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE

It is always important to talk about the purity of language, as language is one of the main means of communication and expression. Here are some reasons why it is important today: a). Ensuring clarity: The use of correct language facilitates understanding between language promotes understanding between interlocutors. Incorrect use of words, grammatical structures or pronunciation can lead to misunderstandings. b). Professional credibility: In many areas of life, correct speech can affect the first impression and the level of professional credibility. Competent language shows the culture of the interlocutor and their level of education. c). Preservation of cultural heritage: Language is not only a means of communication, but also a part of cultural heritage. Compliance with the rules of the language contributes to preservation and development of language culture. d). Effective communication: Correct speech helps you to express your thoughts, ideas and feelings effectively. People with right speech can express yourself more accurately and clearly. These topics can occur in a variety of contexts, from academic discussions to practical measures to improve speech culture. The authors of this article consider several factors that may affect the ability of Ukrainians to speak the correct literary language: 1). The influence of dialects and language variants: Ukraine has many regional dialects and language variants that can affect the way words are pronounced, word usage and grammar. 2). Language contact: The richness of language contact in Ukraine can lead to the borrowing of words, phrases and grammatical constructions that do not always meet the standards of the literary Ukrainian language. 3). Lack of language education: Lack of opportunities to receive quality language education or insufficient attention to language literacy in the programs can affect the level of language skills. 4). Socio-cultural context: Socio-cultural factors such as social status, education, media, and the influence of the Internet can influence the language behavior and word use of Ukrainians. 5). Lack of motivation: Lack of motivation to learn and use the correct language can be an obstacle for Ukrainians. 6). Political and historical context: Historical events and political processes also influence Ukrainians' language choices and speech practices. As a result of these factors, Ukrainians may have different levels of language literacy and use of the literary language. However, the interest in improving language skills and proper language education can help to improve this situation. Thus, it is important to talk about language purity today in order to maintain quality communication, preserve cultural heritage and increase the level of professional trust.

The correlation between the socio-economic variants and the EFL educational gain of video gaming in light of the VLT test results of secondary school students

Nowadays learning English is offered at all schooling levels as this language has proved to be necessary in almost all walks of life. Nevertheless, with regard to the student’s socioeconomic status, the ultimate goal of reaching the highest skills is rarely attainable for all. Research has revealed that better-educated parents, with a wider mother tongue (L1) vocabulary, may supply room for their children’s second (L2) or third (L3) language acquisition, thus setting higher demands for their children. Parents with higher socioeconomic status can also provide special education to their children, such as extracurricular classes or fee-paying schools. Such educative options may give deeper perceptions of the target language and culture, therefore gifted students living in a disadvantaged situation should not be abandoned by the educational system. This research seeks answers to the facilitative factors of foreign language learning in relation to the student’s socioeconomic status and video gaming. The collected data of the secondary school students (n= 890) also provides their school grades in their English language courses, which are used as indicators of correct language use and the devices on which the video gamer students can play. The results indicate that the VLT test results of the participants correlate highly with their socioeconomic status and school grades in English.

Demand Analysis of English Language Service Value Based on Data Mining Ecosystem

INTRODUCTION: Language is a bridge between people, an indispensable component of information exchange and communication, and an essential part of social culture. As the most widely used language in the world, English occupies an essential position in the social language, generating value demands related to it, ranging from the needs of individuals for their development to the needs of social industries or fields for their development to the national language strategy.
 OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this paper is that due to the implementation of the "One Belt, One Road" policy, more and more cultures of the countries along the route are coming into China's vision, and at the same time, Chinese culture should also be promoted, and only through the correct use of language can we promote the Chinese civilization and other civilizations to seek common ground and put aside their differences, appreciate each other, and eliminate the clash of cultures in the process of mutual collision and fusion of different civilizations.
 METHODS: Based on the data mining ecosystem, this study examines the demand analysis of the value of English language services in today's environment, explores the explicit and implicit benefits regarding the value of English language services, and analyzes and explores the explicit and implicit economic benefits of language services and the economic, social, and cultural benefits they encompass at different levels.
 RESULTS: The research suggests that we need to focus on the value of multiform English language services, strengthen English language industry research and studies, and conduct a scientific English language economic program.
 CONCLUSION: Language services and language economy are two closely related concepts. Analyzing language services from multiple perspectives can reveal their explicit and implicit economic, social and cultural benefits.

PENYULUHAN TINDAK TUTUR YANG SANTUN DALAM MEMPENGARUHI ETIKA BERBAHASA ANAK DI RULI BALOI KOLAM, BATAM

Language is a means of communication between humans in people's lives in the sound of speech produced by human speech instruments. Language in its function as a means of communication its existence is very important in society. Without language in communicating, between speakers and interlocutors will have difficulty in capturing the communication message. Communication through language allows everyone to adjust to their physical and social environment and to learn the habits, culture and background of the interlocutor. Our culture judges that speaking using polite language will show our true ethics, education, and culture as human beings who are well respected as human beings. Whether or not a speech is polite depends on the size of the politeness of the people speaking a language. Speech in Indonesian is generally considered polite if speakers or speech partners use words that do not contain direct ridicule, do not command directly, and respect others. Good and correct use of language will be necessary in conveying messages to others. Both direct and indirect messages use message characteristics that need to be understood by others. The use of language to communicate is inseparable from the determinants of communication acts and the principles of politeness and realized in communication acts.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОЇ ПРИРОДИ ІНТЕРНЕТ-КОМУНІКАЦІЇ ОСОБИСТОСТІ

The article provides a theoretical analysis of the psychological nature of internet communication of personality. We have described the key skills for effective communication on the Internet (correct use of language, ability to listen and respond to the other party, ability to conduct dialogues, use of appropriate tone and manner of behavior, respect for privacy and security, acceptance of criticism and responsibility for one's own actions). We have analyzed he main psychological aspects of Internet communication. Anonymity (the Internet provides an opportunity to leave anonymous messages and comments, what can lead to the fact that people behave less responsibly and treat other people less carefully). Development of empathy (interacting with people on the Internet can help develop empathy and the ability to perceive other people's feelings). Addiction (feeling dependent on Internet communication can have negative consequences for a person's psychological health). Social comparisons (Internet communication can cause an increase in social comparisons and feelings of dissatisfaction with one's life). Decreased interactivity (some people may experience greater distance and decreased interactivity during Internet communication compared to «live» communication). We have revealed the most common risks for the individual in the Internet space. Cyberbullying: this is a form of online bullying and violence that can lead to damage to a person's mental and emotional health. Cybercrime: theft of personal information, phishing, malware. Internet addiction: spending a lot of time online can lead to mental and physical health problems. The impact of social media: the long-term use of social media can lead to negative effects on a person's mental and emotional health, such as depression, anxiety and feelings of loneliness. The spread of false and harmful information: you can find a lot of false and harmful information on the Internet, what can lead to the spread of negative stereotypes and distortion of facts. We have described the rules of interaction and the Internet space. Key words: Internet communication, Internet risks, Internet addiction, cyberbullying, cybercrime, personality.

The Art of Argumentation in Ancient China

The subject of the study is the ideological heritage of ancient Chinese thinkers, one way or another related to the theoretical understanding of the practice of public debate. The process of institutionalization of the dispute in Ancient China is considered in detail, it is substantiated that its prerequisite was the existence of a specific argumentative discourse in the form of the so-called "beliefs" - teachings, edifying speeches of advisers to their rulers. Arguments against the occurring identification of "beliefs" with real public disputes that were widespread during the Zhangguo period - the "Rivalry of a Hundred Schools" are considered. It is shown that a number of ideas developed during this period will subsequently acquire a normative status and become the hallmark of the Chinese dispute. During the consideration of various types of disputes, techniques specific to the Chinese type of argumentation were identified: the method of associations, references to precedents, the use of the last word; the role of examples as the basis of inductive reasoning is shown. Based on the consideration of the Confucian concept of "correction of names" and the Mohist doctrine of the correct use of language, it is shown that the socio-political context and practical considerations played a decisive role in the theoretical understanding of the art of argumentation. The productive methodological ideas of the ancient Chinese "Dispute Program" are revealed. The role of analogy and examples as topoi of the ancient Indian dispute is shown. The theory of reasoning and the theory of dispute of the late Mohists are analyzed, the conclusion is substantiated that the principles of justification and persuasion, as well as the rules for conducting a dispute contained in them, are applied logic, the normativity of which allows us to consider it as the first theory of argumentation.

Spotlight: Critical Media Pedagogies Scholarly Interest Group

Spotlight: Critical Media Pedagogies Scholarly Interest Group Isra Ali (bio), Lauren S. Berliner (bio), Stephanie Brown (bio), Sarah Choi (bio), Tanya Goldman (bio), Nicky Hentrich (bio), Regina Yung Lee (bio), and Samantha N. Sheppard This round table discussion reflects the primary goals of the Critical Media Pedagogies Scholarly Interest Group (SIG), which is dedicated to critical conversations about media pedagogy and the exchange of teaching resources. Nicky Hentrich: Let’s start with our origin story and why we believe the SIG’s mission is crucial in this current moment in higher education. Lauren Berliner: My first SIG meeting was in 2013, in a basement room of the Society for Cinema and Media Studies (SCMS) conference hotel. Only a handful of people were in attendance. It felt like a confessional—we joked that we were the people who secretly cared about teaching, even as we worried that our attention to pedagogy might be seen as a distraction by our colleagues or possible future employers. In 2016, I became co-chair (with Leah Shafer), and we changed the name of the SIG from Media Literacy and Pedagogical Outreach to Critical [End Page 1] Media Pedagogies. We have since seen a steady stream of new members. Today, our SIG focuses on all the parts of our name. Critical media pedagogy is about collectively conceptualizing knowledge production in the field. Our SIG is a place to wrestle with the often difficult, intertwining problems of media texts, changing institutional landscapes, relations of power in and outside of academic institutions, and how power operates in our classrooms and in the materials we use. Tanya Goldman: We’re encouraged to be inventive in our research. Why shouldn’t we approach pedagogy with this same spirit of invention and rigor? Hentrich: Which leads to the question, What are the politics of teaching, and how does the SIG inflect those? Isra Ali: Academics are rarely encouraged to think about the politics of our teaching as much as we are about the politics of our research. Politics are still operational in teaching contexts, though—perhaps more than in research—because they are less acknowledged. Regina Yung Lee: Yes! Our political commitments are lived out in our classrooms, on our syllabi, in how we structure our shared spaces, and through our assignments and our assessment methods. These can be passive policies about correct language use or active politics like a syllabus centered on media production by and for women of color. In the media studies classroom—which prioritizes sensory reproduction, viral spread, and embodied transmission—the politics of teaching have particularly visceral impacts. Sarah Choi: This focus on impacts structures how the SIG centers graduate student interests and initiatives. Finding a community of inspiring role models is a luxury in any field, yet I found one here in our SIG. As a junior scholar who upholds relationality as the primary component of teaching, I’ve perhaps learned more about this craft through our candid conversations on pedagogies and the support and encouragement we give one another—even over email—than any texts on pedagogical theory. From the beginning, I felt welcomed to contribute to the group and bring graduate students’ concerns and interests to the table, which helped launch Exploring Anti-Racist Pedagogies, a workshop series devoted to fostering discussions on equitable teaching practices. Our inaugural event was held virtually on February 22, 2022, and featured three University of Washington faculty members, including SIG member Regina Y. Lee. Goldman: I joined the steering committee before I defended my dissertation and immediately felt I was among peers rather than more senior colleagues. We are a non-hierarchical group, but we are attuned to structural impediments to critical pedagogy, especially as many of us work in institutional contexts that continue to devalue pedagogical labor within film and media studies. [End Page 2] Ali: To clarify, there is a distinction between institutional devaluation of pedagogically focused faculty and our own understandings of the power, value, purpose, and advancement of the field. Lee: It’s a matter of transmuting institutional values into less alienating, more familiar terms. At my institution (as at many others around the United States), the majority of teaching is carried out...

Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berbahasa Anak Melalui Metode Karyawisata di TK Balitka Manado

This research was conducted with the problem of whether the field trip method can improve children's language skills. Children's language skills are important because with language (children aged 4-5 years) children can communicate with friends or people around them. Language is the main form of conveying messages, thoughts, and being able to relate to other people. Language skills are needed in developing aspects of language to children, because children can communicate or relate to other people. Children understand many things better and can increase their vocabulary more. Field trips are one of the learning methods in kindergarten that are carried out outside of school, observing the world according to the realities that exist directly, for example humans, animals and plants, the surrounding nature and other objects. Children can directly observe the conditions that exist in the natural surroundings so that with these conditions children can understand and give an impression of the results of their observations through the five senses of what is seen, heard, and touched. Using this field trip method helps children increase the vocabulary of what they see, by directly and making children interesting and happy with what they observe. Thus it will be easy to develop children's language. The benefits of this field trip method are for children to get to know and learn something real. With field trips, children also learn to observe and do other activities. The use of this field trip method makes children interesting and fun and is liked by many children. School education can take advantage of the environment and nature as a tourist attraction. Thus it will be easier to develop children's language skills through good communication and the use of correct language. The strategy used by the teacher is to help children to be able to speak well. With field trips, children also learn to observe and do other activities, such as role playing, matching pictures with word stories and so on.

"ERRORS AND DEVIATIONS IN ENGLISH SONGS AND THEIR IMPACT ON LANGUAGE LEARNERS"

"Singing songs and memorizing their lyrics is a way of learning foreign languages, and a good addition to the main educational process. However, language mistakes in the lyrics of songs can cause much harm to language learners. The study aims to describe language errors in British and American popular songs and investigate language learners’ attitude towards them. The research methodology was based on a survey conducted among language learners, and an analysis of lyrics of the English songs. The survey results demonstrated that young people are active listeners of songs, and according to most of them, both lyrics and music are important. More than half of the respondents pay attention to the lyrics, which are not always examples of correct language use. The most frequent mistakes in the lyrics of the songs are abbreviations of words and word combinations, omission of parts of words, as well as improper coordination of sentence members."

PECULARITIES OF WORK ON SHAPING THE LANGUAGE CULTURE OF HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS

Objective. The objective of the article is to suggest the ways of increasing the level of students’ speech culture in the classes of the Ukrainian language for professional purposes in institutions of higher education. Methods. The study involves theoretical analysis and synthesis of literature on the studied problem, practical selection of factual material and the formulation of conclusion on its basis. Results. The article considers methods, types, techniques and forms of work on the formation of students’ speech culture, the effectiveness of creating situations of professionally oriented speech in the Ukrainian language classes for professional purposes, offers examples of exercises and tasks that promote students’ communicative competence. For the formation of the proper speech culture of future skilled specialists, it is important to form an understanding that speech culture will give them the opportunity to use the language in professional activities skillfully, as well as in the Ukrainian language classes to create professionally oriented situations of professionally oriented speech, to choose interesting, meaningful and informative exercises and tasks of different types in view of future professional activity. Studying the Ukrainian language at the professional level in accordance with the developed concept provides students with considerable opportunities: to understand peculiarities of the language system, the specificity of using different language units depending on the scope and purpose of use; develop skills in the correct use of language, speech, and communicative standards of professional communication; develop the ability and skills to navigate in the spheres of professionally oriented speech. The choice of effective teaching methods and technologies, forms of activity, ways of interaction between the teacher and the student enables us to optimize the process of learning the Ukrainian language, to improve the organization of individual, group and collective activities of students who are skilled specialists in future.

PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF USING A BUSINESS GAME IN THE PREPARATION OF FOREIGN STUDENTS OF MEDICAL HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS FOR UKRAINIAN-LANGUAGE COMMUNICATION

The article presents the results of the use of business games in the preparation of foreign medical students for Ukrainian language communication in the course of Ukrainian as a foreign language. The relevance of the study is due to the need to develop new forms and methods of work, determined by rethinking the goals of teaching subjects in connection with the expansion of cooperation between Ukraine and other countries in providing educational services. The expediency of finding the most effective innovative teaching methods is also related to facilitating the process of adaptation of foreign students in the Ukrainian-speaking environment and the formation of skills for the correct use of language in the process of professional medical communication. Based on the analysis of recent research, it is concluded that the issue of practical implementation of the method of business game in working with foreign students, depending on their chosen profession, remains insufficiently studied. Accordingly, the purpose of the article is to present the materials of the business game «At the doctor’s» to prepare foreign medical students for Ukrainian language communication. In the process of achieving this goal, the method of theoretical analysis (to study the peculiarities of the application of business games) and the method of simulation (in order to demonstrate the use of game technologies in teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language) were used. As a result of the study it was determined that the business game is one of the most effective methods in the formation of communicative competence. The analysis of the knowledge acquired by students in class proves the effectiveness of the introduction of game techniques

The Pragmatic Assessments in Children: A Narrative Review

Introduction: One of the important areas of language is pragmatics, which describes the correct use of language for social interaction. Since tests are tools for quantitation of speech and language abilities, they are needed in order to assess, screen, describe, diagnose, and treat various aspects of language. The aim of this study was to review the existing tests in the area of language pragmatics and collect data about their subtests, scoring, administration, age range, and finally their application in clinical and research contexts in children. Materials and Methods: In order to review the common tests of language pragmatics, an electronic search through Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Medline, Google Scholar, and Ovid databases was done between the years 2000 to 2020. The keywords were “Pragmatics”, “Language”, “Means”, “Tests”, “Tools”, “Diagnosis”, “Measurement”, and “Evaluation”. The inclusion criteria were access to the full text of the article, and the article language (either English or Persian). Results: In this study, 18 tests and a checklist were reterived from 25 studies for further study. Among them, only four tests and one checklist were for sole assessment of pragmatics and 14 other tests were for assesing all aspects of language. Conclusion: Some tests have recently been used more commonly due to the specialization of their subtests. Reviewing language pragmatics tests shows that the Test of Pragmatic Language-Second Edition ( TOPL-2) was the most acceptable test due to the assessment of comprehension-expression areas, standardization for healthy children or children with disorders, translation into several languages, and high psychometric characteristics; however, the use of multiple tests is recommended for a comprehensive and integrated assessment.

Analysis of academic self-efficacy of medical students learning English for specific purposes

Introduction. English for Specific Purposes focuses on teaching and learning subject specific knowledge which includes specific language skills that particular learners need for a specific purpose. Self-efficacy is determined by subjective beliefs about one?s own abilities, which also applies to the academic setting of studying English for Specific Purposes. Academic self-efficacy represents the conviction of students about their own abilities to successfully fulfil academic tasks at designated levels. The goal of this research is to examine the degree of academic self-efficacy of medical students who learn English for Specific purposes at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Novi Sad, with respect to their gender, year of study, grade achieved in the previous course in English, and the length of learning English before enrolling in the Faculty. Material and Methods. The study included 58 medical students. The researchers used the College Academic Self-Efficacy Scale questionnaire developed by Owen and Froman (1988) to assess academic self-efficacy. Results. Three significant factors were identified: general self-competence, communication with the professor, and attendance at lectures, with general self-competence being the most significant factor. Considering the independent variables, only the grade showed statistical significance. Establishing the grade as such a significant predictor can be explained by the fact that good grades and a high grade point average are presented as very desirable outcomes. However, a good grade does not necessarily mean having better knowledge or correct use of language. Conclusion. Further research into this topic is necessary, with expanding the number of participants, study programs and variables.

Research of the images of standard Lithuanian in an area of the standard language: the case of Kaunas district gymnasium

The present study explores the images of standard Lithuanian of young people at a gymnasium located in the area of the standard language. The data were obtained from a questionnaire based on the methodological principles of perceptual dialectology. The image of the standard language in the consciousness of the respondents emerges from the analysis of the questionnaire data: the frequency of linguistic codes, the mental maps of the standard language areas, and associations of the standard language. The analysis of the data shows that the gymnasium students tend to distance themselves from the regional linguistic code. The respondents’ disassociation from the local variety and their stronger preference for the code of the standard language is probably related to their sense of language security in the area of the linguistic homeland (including that of the standard language). The mental maps show that the young people associate the standard Lithuanian with the larger or smaller area of central Lithuania, which includes cities (Kaunas, Vilnius), adjacent non-dialect areas (Jonava, Kaišiadorys), and one or two dialect zones; it nearly overlaps the area of the standard language delineated in the second decade of the twenty-first century. Vilnius is the part of this image – probably of its status of the capital city and a significant social, cultural, and urban centre of attraction. The gymnasium students think that speakers of the standard language are city dwellers first and foremost, while the mental connection between the code of standard language and education occurs less often. Such views might have emerged due to the location of the city – hence that of the respondents’ linguistic homeland. Identifying the standard language user as an ordinary person or a Lithuanian could most likely be explained by the fact that the standard language is not only a national language to the young people: it is also an equivalent of their linguistic code. The gymnasium students do not associate the standard language with linguistic norms (the correct use of language). The consistency of the young generation’s attitudes (both those visualised on the maps and verbalised in the questionnaire answers) suggests the high value of the variety spoken in the area they associate with the standard language. The results of the study provide insights into the functioning, vitality, and continuity of the standard language in this area.

El género en el lenguaje de familias rurales y urbanas: representaciones en clave de cuidado = The gender in the language of rural and urban families: representations in terms of care

Resumen. El principal propósito del presente ejercicio de investigación se sustenta en evidenciar el rol de género en el lenguaje de las familias rurales y urbanas en clave del cuidado familiar. La metodología se sustenta en la perspectiva crítica y de género de los estudios de familia, de corte hermenéutico y enfoque cualitativo utilizando un tipo de estudio documental que centra su análisis en los relatos de los diarios de campo que registra la vida cotidiana de familias en contexto rural y urbano de la zona cafetera del territorio colombiano. El resul­tado develó la posibilidad de cambio hacia la equidad a partir del uso correcto del lenguaje, transformando el esquema familiar guiado por el sistema sexo-género. El sexismo lingüístico aporta a la construcción de identidades de género determinado por el lugar sociocultural­mente atribuido a familias en relación con su contexto por medio de interacciones familiares. Además, el proceso de maternar y paternar es re-pensado desde las nuevas masculinidades y feminidades, generando acciones de cuidado, crianza y socialización de forma democrática. Se concluye la necesidad de nuevos arreglos al interior de la vida familiar reconociendo cada uno de los integrantes que se ubican en el espacio que dinamiza las relaciones familiares; el género se debe considerar como un accidente gramatical y las nuevas maternidades y paternidades cierran las brechas de los estereotipos de género, posibilitando ser y hacer familia en contexto rural y urbano con relaciones basadas en democracia, equidad y alteridad.Palabras clave: familia, género, sexismo lingüístico, cuidado familiar.Abstract. The main purpose of this investigation exercise is based in evidence the gen­der’s role in the country and urban families language in terms of family care. The methodology is based in the critical perspective and the gender theories in the family studies, with herme­neutical base and qualitative emphasis using a document type research that centers its analy­sis in the field´s diaries tales which register the men and women ‘daily life’, with country and urban contextsof the coffe zone of Colombian territory. The result showed the possibility of change with trend to equity starting with the correct use of language, transforming the familiar scheme guided by the sex-gender system. The linguistic sexism contributes to the construc­tion of a gender identity determined by the socio-linguistic place which is attributed to families due to their context through familiar interactions. Also, the mothering and fathering process is re-thought from the new masculinities and feminities, creating care, grow and socialization ac­tions in a democratic way. It is concluded the necessity of new arrangements inside the family life recognizing every member who is involved in the space where the familiar relationships are generated; the gender must be considered as an grammatical accident and the care, grow and socialization actions break gender’s stereotypes, giving the chance of to be and to create family in country and urban contexts with relationships based in democracy, equity and alterity.Keywords: family, gender, linguistic sexism, family care.

The Effect Of Collocational Success On Essay Grading:, A Case Of Algerian EFL Learners

Collocations are an inherent and indispensable part of the language continuum. This work investigates the mastery of Verb+Noun lexical collocations by Algerian EFL learners at the University of Mentouri Brothers, Constantine 1. It is hypothesised that Algerian EFL learners have a low level of mastery in the usage and comprehension of Verb+Noun collocations. It is also hypothesised that the essays of Algerian EFL learners lack the use of appropriate Verb+Noun collocations, a factor that influences the grades they receive. An online corpus (BNC) and two other online websites (Collocation Checker & O.O.C.D) were used as tools to measure learners’ collocational competence. Examined collocations were extracted from the learners’ examination essays. The analysis was done manually through identification and corpus usage. The findings reveal that the Verb+Noun collocational errors that were spotted were not taken in consideration during the correction, even though they are an indispensable part that guarantees the use of correct language. The findings also confirm the aforementioned hypotheses, in addition to the fact that teachers are either unaware of the impact of collocations on the writing quality, or did not take them into account, because they did not teach them. This could be noted by the fact that even the essays that received the highest grades contain many collocational errors.

The style of scientific communication

ContextWriting skills and the importance of drafting quality are often disregarded. Just as there are guidelines on what each part of a scientific article should comprise (introduction, material and methods, results and conclusion), there are ‘norms’ as to how to draft the article. Novel results can only be appropriately reflected in a formal and structurally correct text. ObjectiveTo raise awareness on the correct use of language in all professional areas, and to provide some practical recommendations to avoid the most common errors in our environment. Evidence acquisitionWe performed a search of the terms ‘scientific style’, ‘scientific language’ and ‘how to write an article’ in the databases of the search engines Medes, Dialnet and Índice Bibliográfico Español en Ciencias de la Salud (IBECS). We also consulted books on the subject. We then analyzed the characteristics of scientific style and the most common errors observed in scientific texts. Evidence synthesisThe characteristics of scientific language are: clarity, precision, brevity, conciseness, fluidity and simplicity. Scientific style avoids: long sentences, a lack of connectors, syntax errors, redundancies, barbarisms, foreignisms, false friends, colloquial expressions, cacophonies, slang, too many gerunds, too many abbreviations, too much use of the passive voice and spelling mistakes, etc. ConclusionsThe principal characteristics of scientific style are clarity, precision and brevity. When we write articles, we learn through practice, reading and the help of experienced writers.