Copper Absorption Research Articles

Optimum conditions for absorption of copper (Cu) from its solution using durian skin waste biomass (Duriobzibethinus)

This study aimed to determine the optimum conditions for durian skin biomass to absorb copper metal (Cu) from its solution. Determination of optimum conditions includes optimum weight, optimum pH for biosorption, biosorption contact time, and initial concentration of copper metal (Cu). Determination of the adsorbed analyte used Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). In this study, the durian skin used was obtained from local durian skin waste from the Parigi Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. The parameters tested were the weight of the adsorbent or the weight of the powder with variations of 50 mg, 70 mg, 90 mg, 110 mg, and 120 mg, variations in contact time 20 minutes, 40 minutes, 60 minutes, 80 minutes, and 110 minutes, variations in pH 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and concentration variations of 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm, 200 ppm, and 250 ppm to determine the optimum conditions for adsorption of copper (Cu). The results of this study indicate that the optimum conditions for absorption of copper metal by durian skin biomass respectively, the optimum weight for biosorption was 120 mg with an absorption capacity of 99.08%, the optimum contact time was 100 minutes with an absorption capacity of 98.31%, the optimum pH was 5 with the absorption capacity of 99.72% and the optimum concentration of 50 ppm with an absorption capacity of 98.92%.

Application of nano remediation of mine polluted in acid mine drainage water using machine learning model

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is the term used to describe drainage from coal mines with high sulfur-bearing rocks. The oxidative weathering of metal sulfides leads to AMD. The acidic environment corrodes more harmful compounds in the soil, which is spread throughout the working area. One such significant metal is copper, which is extracted in massive quantities from ores rich in sulfide. A copper-extraction resin might be created by combining diatomaceous earth (DE) particles with polyethyleneimine (PEI), which is shown to have great selectivity and affinity for copper. In this effort, PEI-DE particles’ copper absorption level was examined by using synthetic and actual acid mine drainage samples at varied pH values. The findings of the copper uptake particles have been examined through the Support Vector Machine (SVM) model. Using the n-fold 14 cross-validation approach, the quantities of parameters and C are estimated to be 0.001 and 0.01, respectively. The SVM analysis was correct, and the findings indicated that copper could bind to the material efficiently and preferentially at pH 4. Subsequent water elution studies at a pH value of 1 confirmed the pH-reliant interaction between dissolved Cu and PEI by demonstrating full release of the adsorbed Cu. In this research, the copper absorption of PEI-DE particles from synthetic and genuine AMD specimens was studied based on several pH conditions. The findings suggest that copper may attach to the material effectively and preferentially at pH 4. Studies of filtering water at pH1 later confirmed that all of the adsorbed Cu was released. This shows that the interaction between PEI and dissolved Cu depends on PH.

The effect of soil types on the phytoremediation of heavy metals by Phragmites australis

The remediation of heavy metals from contaminated sites by the application of phytoextraction is proving to be efficient and cost-effective. A pot experiment was conducted to ascertain the effect of soil types (sand, loam and clay) in the remediation of copper (Cu), chromium (Cr) and mercury (Hg) using Phragmites australis. The results obtained throughout 60 days of plant growth showed that the copper absorption in the roots of the plant in sandy, loamy and clayey soils was 47, 79.1 and 96 mg/kg, respectively. Chromium absorption in the roots of the plant in sandy, loamy and clayey soils was 136, 180 and 353 mg/kg, respectively, while mercury absorption in sand, loam and clay was 11.7, 14.8 and 19.3 mg/kg. The translocation factor for all metals in the three soil types was less than 1; however, the bioaccumulation factor in all cases was more than 1. The study concluded that the accumulation of chromium in the tissues of the plant was more pronounced than those of copper and mercury. Clayey soil proved to be the favourable soil required for the effective remediation of the metals into the tissues of a plant.

Morphology, ligament strength, and energy absorption of nanoporous copper via vapor phase dealloying

Nanoporous coppers (NPCs) with ligament size down to 800 nm and relative densities ranging from 15.7% to 47.5% were synthesized by vapor phase dealloying (VPD) Cu33Zn67, Cu16Zn84, and Cu6Zn94 precursor alloys. The ligament size of NPCs could be adjusted by applying different VPD temperatures under high vacuum, while the change in the mechanical properties of NPCs were monitored by compression tests. Although NPCs possessed a random ligament structure, the energy absorption capability of NPCs was up to 183.3 MJ/m3, which is an order higher than that of other Cu foam structures fabricated by different methods such as 3D printing, electron beam melting, electro-deposition, chemical dealloying and friction powder compaction. High apparent relative density and ligament connectivity could effectively transmit the compression energy in the form of stress waves, and therefore had higher densification strain and better energy absorption capacity. With the use of corrected Gibson and Ashby scaling equation, the ligament strength of NPC was up to 3456 MPa, which was ten times higher than that of bulk Cu and comparable to that of other ordered or periodic copper foams.

Decreased Serum Copper Concentrations by Zinc Administration in Preterm Infants with Hypozincemia Are Associated with a Lower Postmenstrual Age: A Single-center Retrospective Observational Study

Copper is one of the essential trace elements in humans, and its deficiency causes various diseases. Zinc acetate dihydrate is administered to treat hypozincemia in preterm infants; however, zinc inhibits the gastrointestinal absorption of copper, which may cause copper deficiency. To safely treat hypozincemia in preterm infants, we retrospectively analyzed the factors reducing serum copper concentrations when zinc is administered to preterm infants with hypozincemia. Seventy preterm infants were included in the present study. Serum zinc and copper concentrations, doses, and other clinical characteristics were retrieved from electronic medical records. The administration of zinc acetate dihydrate decreased serum copper concentrations in 21 out of 70 patients. In comparisons between the two groups with and without a decrease in serum copper concentrations, significant differences were observed in postmenstrual age (34.9 and 35.9 weeks, respectively) and serum zinc concentrations (62.0 and 58.0 μg/dL, respectively) at the start of the zinc acetate dihydrate treatment. A logistic regression analysis identified postmenstrual age as a significant factor decreasing serum copper concentrations. In the ROC curve, the cut-off value for postmenstrual age for a decrease in serum copper concentrations was 34.143 weeks. The present results suggest that when zinc acetate dihydrate is administered to preterm infants with a low postmenstrual age who are at higher risk of decreased serum copper concentrations, particularly to those with a postmenstrual age <34 weeks, it is important to consider copper deficiency and periodically measure serum copper concentrations.

The Role of Zinc in the Treatment of Wilson’s Disease

Wilson’s disease (WD) is a hereditary disorder of copper metabolism, producing abnormally high levels of non-ceruloplasmin-bound copper, the determinant of the pathogenic process causing brain and hepatic damage and dysfunction. Although the disease is invariably fatal without medication, it is treatable and many of its adverse effects are reversible. Diagnosis is difficult due to the large range and severity of symptoms. A high index of suspicion is required as patients may have only a few of the many possible biomarkers. The genetic prevalence of ATP7B variants indicates higher rates in the population than are currently diagnosed. Treatments have evolved from chelators that reduce stored copper to zinc, which reduces the toxic levels of circulating non-ceruloplasmin-bound copper. Zinc induces intestinal metallothionein, which blocks copper absorption and increases excretion in the stools, resulting in an improvement in symptoms. Two meta-analyses and several large retrospective studies indicate that zinc is equally effective as chelators for the treatment of WD, with the advantages of a very low level of toxicity and only the minor side effect of gastric disturbance. Zinc is recommended as a first-line treatment for neurological presentations and is gaining acceptance for hepatic presentations. It is universally recommended for lifelong maintenance therapy and for presymptomatic WD.

Removal of Heavy Metal Copper (Cu) Ions from Wastewaters Using Various Bio-adsorbents

Biosorbent derived from agricultural waste as one of the widely used adsorbents has many applications in the environment to remove pollutants, one of which is heavy metal copper (Cu). In this paper, natural sources of agricultural waste materials have been reviewed and have potential as biosorbents for the absorption of heavy metal copper (Cu). The characteristics of the biosorbent that can be used for the absorption of heavy metal copper (Cu) depend on the surface area and pore structure made by the modified method. The biosorbent modification method depends on the precursor and the expected biosorbent characteristics. Natural biosorbents can be converted into modified biosorbents by chemical, physical, or physico-chemical modifications. Therefore, this paper aims to provide information about the absorption of adsorbents from agricultural wastes that have been reported for the absorption of heavy metal copper (Cu) in wastewater

UK ruminant farmer understanding of copper-related terminology

Copper provision is not straightforward in ruminants. Other dietary elements such as iron and molybdenum in combination with sulphur are able to interfere with copper availability, absorption and function. These complexities surrounding copper availability in cattle and sheep prevent the simple calculation of copper requirements. Previous research has established that UK farms are failing to provide copper in an effective manner, with some over-supplying and others under-supplying. Copper terminology is not consistently understood by professionals in the agricultural industry; potentially resulting in confusing or misinformation being passed on to farmers. The present work found that most (84 %) farmers felt they lacked understanding of copper related problems and their associated terminology. However, farmers who felt they had the least knowledge appeared more likely to underestimate their knowledge, and those who felt more confident in their knowledge were more likely to be overestimating it. Simple over- and under-supply of copper were only recognised by a small proportion (17 %) as causes of copper related problems while more complex issues were better recognised (27 %) as potential causal factors. However, the more specific terminology relating to the molybdenum-sulphur antagonism was poorly understood by most respondents (96 %).

Nutrient Status of Forage Corn (Zea mays L.) and Fodder Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Irrigated with Saline Water

ABSTRACT Fertilization management is a requested tool to limit the impact of salt stress on crops grown in saline conditions. The influence of saline irrigation water on the nutrient status of forage corn and fodder beet was studied in sandy soil. The experiments were conducted in containers during two seasons. Five water electrical conductivity levels were tested: 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 ds.m−1. The water of 0.7 ds.m−1 was considered as a control. The tested salinity levels were obtained by adding sodium chloride (NaCl) to the control water. The results showed that the biomass of forage corn and fodder beet was significantly reduced by water salinity. The nutrient status of the tested crops showed a significant increase in phosphorus (P) contents with water conductivity. The increase in P content exceeded 13% and 11% for corn and fodder beet, respectively, at conductivity level over 4 ds.m−1 compared to control. The plant potassium (K) content was significantly unaffected by saline water. The absorption of micronutrients (iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and boron (B)) was not significantly depressed by salinity. A disturbance in magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) absorption was noticed on both studied crops. The results reveal that fertilization management can be improved by considering the nutrient status shifting established at the saline conditions.

Assessment of dermal absorption of beryllium and copper contained in temple tips of eyeglasses

Dermal exposure to hazardous substances such as chemicals, toxics, metallic items and other contaminants may present substantial danger for health. Beryllium (Be) is a hazardous metal, especially when inhaled and/or in direct contact with the skin, associated with chronic beryllium disease (CBD) and Be sensitization (BeS). The objective of this study was to investigate the percutaneous penetration of beryllium and copper contained in metallic items as eyeglass temple tips (specifically BrushCAST® Copper Beryllium Casting Alloys containing Be 0.35 < 2.85%; Cu 95.3–98.7%), using Franz diffusion cells. This work demonstrated that the total skin absorption of Cu was higher (8.86%) compared to Be (4.89%), which was expected based on the high percentage of Cu contained in the eyeglass temple tips. However, Be accumulated significantly in the epidermis and dermis (up to 0.461 µg/cm2) and, to a lesser extent, in the stratum corneum (up to 0.130 µg/cm2) with a flux of permeation of 3.52 ± 4.5 µg/cm2/hour and lag time of 2.3 ± 1.3 h, after cutaneous exposure of temple tip into 1.0 mL artificial sweat for 24 h. Our study highlights the importance of avoiding the use of Be alloys in items following long-term skin contact.

Separation of Chitin from Shrimp and Application in Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment

In this research work natural bio polymer “chitosan” was extracted using locally available shrimp shells and absorption of copper by chitosan was studied. Synthesis of chitosan involved four main stages as preconditioning, demineralization, deproteinization and deacetylation. Chitosan was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The affinity of chitosan for cupper was studied using anhydrous CuCl2 solution as the heavy metal solution containing Cu (II) ions

Copper Coordination and the Induced Morphological Changes in Covalent Organic Frameworks.

In this work, we reveal the coordination of copper ions absorbed by a series of covalent organic frameworks. The frameworks were synthesized through the nucleophilic substitution of either cyanuric chloride or phosphonitrilic chloride trimer by 4,4'-bipyridine, and they were utilized as absorbers for the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. The exfoliated counterpart of the layered network was compared to the bulk materials in terms of the copper retention capacity and efficiency. The ion absorption capacity of copper ranged from 100 to 290 mg/g depending on the morphology and chemical structure of the framework. As evidenced by the SEM and XRD analysis, the copper absorption induced certain morphological changes in the networks. EPR spectroscopy revealed the key finding of this study: the trigonal bipyramidal configuration of the copper ions in their divalent state, coordinated with the nitrogen of the core units, 4,4'-bipyridine, and chlorine ions. The analysis of the thoroughgoing experiments bridges the gap between coordination molecular chemistry and the field of covalent organic frameworks. EPR explores how the unique trigonal bipyramidal coordination could be suppressed in the end by the environment and, more specifically, by the addition of glycerol to the aqueous dispersions of the covalent organic frameworks.

Study of the natural mineral sorbents’ absorption properties of the Ural region (Russia)

The article is devoted to the study of the sorption properties of natural mineral sorbents from deposits located in the Ural (Sverdlovsk, Kurgan, Chelyabinsk regions). For the experiments, the following natural sorbents were used: bentonite clays with an admixture of carbonate inclusion; flasks - dense, slightly porous rocks consisting of the smallest particles of biogenic silica; diatomite; glauconites- layered low-temperature ferruginous micas; calcined vermiculite. The absorption capacity in relation to heavy metals: copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, nickel, chromium, arsenic has been investigated. The are no significant differences in the completeness of sorption between the studied sorbents, all of them can be successfully used under certain conditions for ecological and geochemical recultivation of soils contaminated with HMs. Separately, the influence of sorbents on the copper and chromium absorption as the largest soil pollutants in the Urals was considered. Experiments have shown that copper in the form of a bivalent cation is well sorbed by all sorbents, while chromium in the form of a complex anion (in a hexavalent form) is practically not sorbed. To ensure a proper chromium sorption effect, it was decided to preliminary transfer it into a trivalent cationic form by a reducing agent, which was ferrous ammonium sulfate - FeSO4·(NH4)2·SO4·6H2O. The reduction of chromium to a trivalent cation increases the sorption completeness to 94-99%.

Copper and Nickel, essential microelements in plant nutrition

On Earth there are a hundred natural chemical elements, but living beings that inhabit used only twenty. Numerous metals make up this group, many of them essential for agencies to complete their life cycle. However, while some are essential for survival, excess or the presence of others can be toxic or even lethal. The plants have developed specific mechanisms absorb and accumulate nutrients, however, some metals and metalloids are absorbed and accumulate in the plant because they exhibit an electrochemical behavior similar to the required nutrients. Absorption of Copper and Nickel by plants is the first step of entering the food chain, metabolic character due to the ability to accumulate metals in their tissues. The test objective was to know the results of recent research to elucidate the function of copper and nickel in plant nutrition.

Perspectives of Wilson’s disease treatment

Objectives. Wilson’s disease (WD) is a genetic, neurodegenerative disorder caused by copper metabolism disturbances with subsequent pathological copper accumulation in organs and tissues (mainly liver and brain) with their secondary damage and clinical symptoms related to affected organs. The treatment of the disease is based on medications leading to negative body copper balance, i.e. (1) decreasing absorption of copper from the digestive tract (zinc salts); (2) increasing the copper excretion with urine (chelators: d-penicillamine, trientine, dimercaprol); and (3) liver transplant in specific clinical situations (acute liver failure, liver cirrhosis decompensation despite treatment). The article aims to review the available literature concerning the current research directions in WD treatment. Literature review. During the space of last years, intensive research into the new treatment of WD has started, including: (1) new pharmacological agents (modified thermostable trientine, trientine with delivery system to central nervous system, molybdenum salts, methanobactin, and others); (2) gene therapy; and (3) cells therapy (hepatocytes transplant). We conducted a targeted literature review of PubMed articles written in English, using the following search terms: “Wilson’s disease,” “treatment perspectives,” and “gene therapy.” Reviews, original articles, randomised controlled trials, meta-analyses, book chapters, and abstracts published up to April 2021 were included. Below, we present a narrative synthesis of the extracted data. Conclusions. Currently, chelators, medications decreasing absorption of copper from the digestive tract, and liver transplant are the treatment methods recommended by international societies as a WD treatment. Among the studies on new therapies for WD, the research with tetrathiomolybdate bis-choline is the most advanced and promising. Great hope can be associated with gene therapy.

Pure copper layer formation on stainless-steel and aluminum substrate with a multibeam laser metal deposition system with blue diode laser

Laser metal deposition (LMD), which is one of the additive manufacturing technologies, is suitable for making 3D objects with complex shapes. In this method, a blue diode laser is used to explore the formation of pure copper parts because of the high light absorption of pure copper in blue light. Inspired by this method, in this study, we developed a high-power blue diode laser with a wavelength of 450 nm. This laser had an output power of 100 W and a fiber core diameter of 100 μm. We also developed a multibeam LMD system with the blue diode laser in which metal powder was supplied perpendicularly to the processing point and multiple lasers were irradiated from the surroundings for additively manufactured pure copper. We investigated the differences in copper layer formation that are dependent on the properties of substrates. Upon using the multibeam LMD system, a pure copper layer formed on pure aluminum and stainless-steel substrates. The interaction of pure copper powder and the substrates was observed using a high-speed video camera. After laser irradiation, copper cladding samples were observed with an optical microscope and scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy to evaluate the cross-sectional area of the pure copper layer and the dilution zone. As a result, a pure copper layer formed on the aluminum surface under the laser irradiation condition under which the aluminum substrate was not subjected to melting by heating with the blue laser. It was suggested that the pure copper powder heated by the laser melted the aluminum and formed a copper layer on the aluminum substrate.

Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acid Delivered RNA Therapeutics Significantly Attenuate Pancreatic Cancer Progression via Inhibition of CTR1-Dependent Copper Absorption.

Copper is vital for various life processes, whereas severely toxic at excess level. Intracellular copper homeostasis is strictly controlled by a set of transporters and chaperones encoded by the copper homeostasis genes. Increasing evidence has shown that copper is usually overloaded in multiple malignancies, including pancreatic cancer, which has an extremely poor prognosis. Recently, silencing the SLC31A1 gene, which encodes a major transmembrane copper transporter (CTR1), has been demonstrated to be an effective means for reducing the malignant degree of pancreatic cancer by downregulating the cellular copper levels. Herein, we utilized tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) as vehicles to overcome the biological barriers for delivering small molecular RNAs and efficiently transferred two kinds of CTR1 mRNA-targeted RNA therapeutics, siCTR1 or miR-124, into PANC-1 cells. Both therapeutic tFNAs, termed t-siCTR1 and t-miR-124, prevented copper intake more effective than the free RNA therapeutics via efficiently suppressing the expression of CTR1, thereby significantly attenuating the progression of PANC-1 cells. In this study, therapeutic tFNAs are constructed to target metal ion transporters for the first time, which may provide an effective strategy for future treatment of other metal metabolism disorders.

Effects of Soil Type on Trace Element Absorption and Fruit Quality of Pepper.

The inbred “SJ11-3” pepper was cultured in yellow brown soil, paddy soil, fluvo-aquic soil, and pastoral soil, and the factors affecting the absorption of trace elements and fruit quality were analyzed. The results showed that the physicochemical properties of the soils were significantly different, which led to differences in the nutritional quality of pepper fruits. The pH value had a significant effect on the absorption of trace elements in pepper. The increase of pH promoted the absorption of magnesium and molybdenum but inhibited the absorption of zinc, copper, manganese, and iron. The stepwise multivariable regression analysis showed that the amount of molybdenum in soil was the main factor affecting the total amino acid content of pepper. Total nitrogen, zinc, and copper were the main factors that contributed to the soluble sugar content of pepper, and the available potassium was the major determinant of the vitamin C content of pepper. This study provides new insight on the pepper fruit quality grown on different types of soil with varying levels of trace elements.

Assessment of Metal Pollution on the Cultivation of Olive Trees in the Petrochemical Industrial Zone of Arzew (Algeria)

The olive tree is considered among the most dominant tree crops in Algeria. This culture is often found on the roadsides and around the polluting centers in the western regions. The first study was realized to evaluate the absorp-tion of Copper, Zinc, Lead and Mercury in the roots, shoots and olive leaves irrigated separately with two metallic concentrations (250ppm and 500ppm) was studied in experimental greenhouse. A second study was carried out to determine the presence of metal in olive leaves from the petrochemical in-dustrial zone located in Arzew (Algeria). The results show that Mercury is the most toxic metal for the plant, even at low concentrations. We can see that the contents of Copper, Zinc and Lead in the tissues of the olive tree are pro-portional to their concentrations in the soil. A high concentration of Copper was observed in the leaves than in other tissues. However, Lead was found in the roots and shoots. The elementary composition of the olive leaves of the samples taken in the petrochemical industrial zone shows the absence of dangerous heavy metals such as Lead and Cadmium. This work could con-tribute to clarify the effects of heavy metal in polluted zone on olive trees and its potential toxicity for humans.

Correction to: Phytoremediation Potential of E. camaldulensis and M. alba for Copper, Cadmium, and Lead Absorption in Urban Areas of Faisalabad City, Pakistan

Correction to: Phytoremediation Potential of E. camaldulensis and M. alba for Copper, Cadmium, and Lead Absorption in Urban Areas of Faisalabad City, Pakistan