Coping Questionnaire Research Articles

Coping in the Danish general population: psychometric properties of the Danish version of the Brief Approach/Avoidance Coping Questionnaire

Objective To enable measurement of coping in the general Danish population the aims of this study are to 1) describe the translation and cultural adaption of the Danish Brief Approach/Avoidance Coping Questionnaire (BACQ) and 2) investigate the psychometric properties of the Danish BACQ. Design The BACQ was translated and adapted into Danish, and the psychometric properties tested in two samples of adult Danish citizens: Sample A = 167, used for exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and Sample B = 330 persons, used for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Internal consistency was evaluated by Cronbach’s Alpha, item-to-rest correlation, and scale-to-scale Pearson correlation. Results The EFA suggested reasonable fits for both a three-factor and four-factor model, confirmed by the CFA with acceptable goodness-of-fit indices for both models. Using the four-factor-model would require a re-evaluation of the scale. The three-factor model had admissible internal consistency with an overall Cronbach’s alpha of 0.66. Individuals with low self-rated health, extreme concern about current health and poor physical fitness, respectively, had lower Approach and higher Diversion and Resignation scores. Conclusion The psychometric properties showed that the Danish BACQ could be used as a three-factor model. With some limitations, the Danish version had acceptable construct validity, internal consistency, and content validity.

Significance of Post-Traumatic Growth and Mental Health for Coping in Multiple Sclerosis Caregivers.

We investigated the influence of post-traumatic growth (PTG) and mental health (MH) on multiple sclerosis (MS) caregivers' uses of coping strategies and identified biopsychosocial predictors of proactive or reactive coping. The Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PGI-21), Brief COPE Questionnaire (COPE-28), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were used to evaluate 209 caregivers. Higher PTG was related to greater use of emotional support, positive reframing, religion, active coping, instrumental support, planning, denial, self-distraction, self-blaming, and venting. Better MH was associated with greater use of acceptance, while behavioral disengagement and self-distraction were associated with poorer MH. The PTG dimensions relating to others and new possibilities, SF-12 dimensions of physical and emotional roles as well as partnership, not living with the patient, and significant others' social support were predictors of proactive coping. Reactive coping was positively predicted by the PTG dimension relating to others, depression, vitality, other than partner relation, and physical role, and negatively predicted by mental health level and emotional role. In summary, higher MH was associated with proactive coping strategies, whereas post-traumatic growth was related to the use of a wide range of proactive coping as well as reactive coping strategies.

Association Between Pain Severity, Pain Beliefs, Pain Coping and Attitudes Towards Complementary and Alternative Treatments among Physical Therapy Patients

Objective: The study aimed to determine the correlation between pain severity, pain beliefs, pain coping, and attitudes toward complementary and alternative treatments among physical therapy patients.
 Methods: This cross-sectional and analytical was conducted in a physical therapy and rehabilitation hospital in north-eastern Turkey. The sample consisted of 150 physical therapy patients. Data were collected using Demographic Information Form, Pain Beliefs Questionnaire, Pain Coping Questionnaire, and Attitudes towards Complementary and Alternative Medicine Questionnaire. Spearman’s Correlation Analysis and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis were used in data analysis.
 Results: The study revealed that the patients had negative attitudes towards complementary (13.64 ± 4.00) and alternative medicine use (13.18 ± 4.14). The scores were moderate for the patients' psychological (18.62 ± 3.69) and organic belief (33.68 ± 5.17). A significant correlation was determined between patients’ attitudes towards complementary medical treatment and conventional medical treatment for pain (p=0.020). The patients had moderate pain intensity (5.70±2.44), and there was a significant correlation between pain intensity and attitudes towards alternative medicine (p=0.012).
 Conclusion: Physical therapy patients’ attitudes towards complementary and alternative medicine are associated with pain coping and severity. The patients should be educated to cope with pain and manage it by health professionals.

Communication and resilience as predictors of coping with stress. Differentiating role of the age of the examined adolescents

The planned research pursued two objectives. The first goal was to determine whether the selected variables: resilience and communication with peers, show a relationship with stress coping. The second to predict, based on selected variables, the coping with stress by adolescents divided by their age. Research conducted using the Adolescent Communicationwith Peers Scale (SKAR), the Resilience Measurement Scale (SPP-18) and the Coping Questionnaire in Stressful Situations (CISS) on a group of 546 adolescents divided into younger 1416 years of age. (37%) and older aged 1719 (63%) showed that the age of adolescents plays an important role in coping with stress. Among the predictors conducive to copingwith stress in the examined people, both in younger and older adolescents, there is openness in communication with peers. The sense of humour and openness to new experiences (dimension of resilience) showed a positive relationship in both the younger and the older group of adolescents. The general conclusion of the research is that mental resilience andopenness in peer relationships are conducive to undertaking task-oriented strategies of coping with stress by both younger and older adolescents.

Relationship Between Coping Strategies and Outcome of Bariatric Surgery in Patients With Morbid Obesity

Background and Objective Bariatric surgery is one of methods for treatment of morbid obesity. Psychological factors can affect its outcome. This study aims to investigate the relationship between coping strategies and the outcome of bariatric surgery in patients with morbid obesity. Materials & Methods This prospective observational study was conducted on 85 patients who underwent bariatric surgery in the obesity clinic of Hazrat-e Rasul Akram and Milad Hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Subjects were evaluated before and two years after surgery using Folkman & Lazarus’ ways of coping questionnaire and the Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System (BAROS). Results During the follow-up, 9 patients left the study. The mean age of participants was 38.11±11.5 years (ranged 17-65 years). Problem-focused coping strategies and their components had a significant positive relationship with the surgery outcome (P<0.05), but emotion-focused coping strategies had no significant relationship with the surgery outcome (P>0.05). Conclusion Problem-focused coping strategies can predict the outcome of bariatric surgery.

The mediating role of early maladaptive schemas on the relationship between illness perception and pain coping strategies among adolescents diagnosed with migraine.

This study aimed to examine the mediating role of early maladaptive schemas on the relationship between illness-related perceptions and pain coping strategies among adolescents diagnosed with migraine. A total of 134 adolescents (aged 12-18 years) diagnosed with migraine with and without aura participated in the study. The Illness Perception Questionnaire, the Pain Coping Questionnaire, and the Early Maladaptive Schema Questionnaires Set for Children and Adolescents were used. The intensity of using desperate ways of coping with pain was higher among adolescents who perceive migraine as a chronic disease (β = 0.199, p < 0.05) even if they have episodic attacks and who have higher levels of coherency in understanding the illness (β = 0.256, p < 0.01). First, full mediations of over-vigilance/inhibition and impaired autonomy/performance schema domains on these relations were observed. Second, the increases in negative cognitive (β = 0.199, p < 0.05) and emotional (β = 0.280, p < 0.01) representations related to the consequences of the illness lead to an increase in the uncontrolled and frequent use of analgesic drugs where the partial mediating role of over-vigilance/inhibition schema domain on this correlation is observed. The perceptions about the negative as well as serious consequences of migraine are related to both the self-active behaviors (β = 0.181, p < 0.05) and the conscious cognitive attempts (β = 0.207, p < 0.05) as effective coping strategies, which is an unexpected finding. The disconnection/rejection schema domain had a full mediation role on both relations. The results suggest that early maladaptive schemas are essential factors that affect the migraine coping processes of adolescents.

Effectiveness of a transactional model-based education programme for enhancing stress-coping skills in industrial workers: a randomized controlled trial

The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a stress management educational intervention programme based on the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping (TMSC) among industrial workers. Participants were 106 employees of a power plant in Iran, randomly assigned into an intervention group and a control group. The intervention comprised active and participatory methods to enhance employees coping skills and it was delivered in six face-to-face sessions. Data was collected using the Ways of Coping Questionnaire, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Spiritual Well-Being Scale at baseline and three months after the intervention. We found mean scores of distancing, self-controlling, seeking social support, escape-avoidance, planned problem-solving, positive reappraisal, total coping skills, perceived social support, and spiritual well-being significantly differed at follow-up compared to baseline in the intervention group, but not in the control group. There was also a significant difference in the mean score of perceived stress between the two groups. We conclude that the educational intervention based on the TMSC was effective in improving coping skills and reducing perceived stress. We suggest that interventions based on the TMSC model can be supportive in workplaces where job stress is common.

COPING STRATEGIES AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH PARENTING STYLES

Background &#x0D; There is a strong correlation between parenting styles and the outcomes of adults; the most common coping mechanism was a spiritual connection.&#x0D; Objectives &#x0D; The present study aimed mainly at finding out the correlation between parenting styles and coping mechanisms and also to find out the most used parenting styles and coping mechanisms among the study sample. The study had a sub-aim of knowing the difference between the parenting styles perceived by the study sample compared with what has been found in the literature around the globe.&#x0D; Methods&#x0D; The study used a convenient sample of Koya University students who lived in the dormitories of the university campus. The sample comprised 411 students, 191 males and 220 females. For measuring the different styles of parenting and for measuring the different mechanisms of coping used by the study sample, a coping questionnaire was used. In addition, T-test and Pearson correlation techniques in Statistical Package for Social Sciences were also used to analyze the data frequency percentage.&#x0D; Results&#x0D; The study results showed a significant correlation between parenting styles and coping mechanisms; the passivity coping mechanism was positively correlated to the authoritative and permissive mothers’ parenting styles and positively correlated with the authoritative fathers’ parenting style. The population perceived the authoritarian parenting style to be the most used parenting style by both mothers and fathers. The most common coping mechanism among Koya University students was passivity. &#x0D; Conclusion&#x0D; The study findings indicated that the most used coping mechanisms by the study sample were passivity coping mechanisms, and the most common parenting style appraised by the study sample was the authoritarian parenting style.

Mediating Role of Coping Strategies and Defense Mechanisms in Relationship of Mental Health, Resilience, and Perceived Social Support with Posttraumatic Growth in COVID-19 Survivors

Background &amp; Aims: Posttraumatic growth (PTG) refers to positive changes resulting from trauma. As a traumatic stressor, COVID-19 can affect various aspects of one’s life. The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of coping strategies and defense mechanisms in the relationship of PTG and mental health, resilience, and perceived social support in COVID-19 survivors. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using a path analysis method from the correlation matrix. The research population included all COVID-19 recovered patients in Golestan province, Iran. Using the convenience sampling method, 300 patients who recovered from COVID-19 were selected. The participants were given questionnaires online. The research instruments included the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ), and the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WOC). The data were analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM) using SPSS and AMOS version 25. Results: The findings of SEM revealed that the model fits the data. The relationship between problem-focused coping strategies and PTG, mental health, and perceived social support, the relationship between PTG and perceived social support, resilience, and mental health, and the relationship between mature defense mechanisms and PTG, mental health, resilience, and perceived social support were positive and significant (P&lt;0.01). The relationship between emotion-focused strategies and PTG, resilience, and perceived social support, the relationship between neurotic defense mechanisms and mental health, resilience, PTG, and perceived social support, and the relationship between immature defense mechanisms and mental health, resilience, and PTG were negative and significant (P&lt;0.01). Furthermore, the direct path analysis revealed that the relationships between mental health and emotion-focused strategies and between perceived social support and immature defense mechanisms were not significant. Conclusion: The study results suggested that mental health, resilience, perceived social support, as well as problem-focused coping strategies played a crucial role in increasing PTG in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, they can be utilized to reduce the mental damage caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Coping strategies and personal growth: The case of Palestinian refugees in Shatila camp, Lebanon.

This study investigated the relationship between coping strategies used by adolescent refugees in the Palestinian refugees' Shatila camp in Lebanon and posttraumatic growth. Moreover, the study explored and predicted the impact of coping strategies utilized by adolescent Palestinians in Shatila camp, Lebanon on their personal growth and psychological well-being. Data were collected using two questionnaires and a checklist: (a) LEC-5 checklist as an assessment tool to make sure that all the participants have faced or experienced stressful events, (b) questionnaires including the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ) to find out the style of coping refugees used, and (c) Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) to identify the factors of growth refugees developed as a result of using different coping strategies. Sixty adolescent refugees at one of the centers in the camp (31 females and 29 males) who benefited from counseling services participated in the study. Adolescent refugees' performance on the checklist and questionnaires revealed the prevalence of stressors among the refugees. The coping strategies mostly utilized were problem-focused coping strategies, as there was a correlation between its factors and some coping strategies, and there were coping strategies used that predict the development of growth among. Finally, as for the counseling and training programs and services, interventions and guidance services seem to better prepare refugees to handle and cope with the stress that they encounter to develop personal growth.

Comparison of stress and coping mechanisms among family members of patients abusing licit and illicit substances

Introduction Addiction has long been recognized as a disease that may have a dramatic influence on the addicted individual’s family members, manifesting as stress or trauma-related physical and psychological symptoms, resulting in increase in the usual family’s use of health-care services. There is little research available to identify and explore problems of families associated with such patients. In this study, we will evaluate stress among family members of substance abuse patients and try to focus on how these family members are dealing with these stress factors. The study will also compare different types of coping mechanisms among family members of patients taking licit and illicit substances.ObjectivesTo identify stress among families of patients abusing licit and illicit drugs and assess and compare their coping mechanisms.Methods 175 family members of patients with licit substance abuse cases and 175 family members of patients with illicit substance abuse were taken for study after informed consent. Stress among participants was evaluated using Symptom Rating Test and The Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS). Coping Questionnaire (CQ) and Breif COPE was used to assess coping among them.Results The study demonstrated that the total number and severity of symptoms, including psychological and physical symptoms, are found lesser in caregivers (participants) of patients abusing licit substances than in patients abusing illicit drugs. These symptoms among family members grow as the patient’s age rises. Symptoms in participants are more if their patient is female as compared to male. And also, total symptoms are more if they are living in nuclear family (Table 1). In our results, total coping and engaged coping mechanisms in family members are found to be not significant as per drug type and remains the same for both licit and illicit drugs abusing patients’ families. Avoidant coping mechanisms in family members are more if their patient is female and in nuclear family. Table 1symp1CoefficientsStd. Err.P Valueage0.005*0.0010.000drug_type-0.114*0.0270.000female_d0.230*0.0280.000nuclear_d0.124*0.0270.000ConclusionsIn our study, it was clearly noticed that the total symptoms, both physical and psychological, were found more in family members of patients abusing illicit drugs. Impact of substance abuse related problems is found more in female members compared to male members of family.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

The Relationship between Academic Stress with Coping Mechanism of PSSKPN Students of Udayana University

The academic education process faced by nursing students is a source of considerable stressors to trigger academic stress. Academic stress would affect the way they deal with the stressors that called coping mechanism response. This study was correlative research with cross sectional approach. This study consisted of 57 respondents obtained by total sampling technique. The data collection was used academic stress questionnaire and ways of coping questionnaire to identified respondent characteristics, academic stress and coping mechanism. This study showed there was a significant correlation between academic stress with the coping mechanism (p &lt;0.05; r= 0.517). The correlation was negative and had a medium strength, which means when the academic stress gets higher, the coping mechanism gets lower. This study is expected to be an evaluation for students, education institutions, and nurses as health workers. Actions to reduce academic stress and improve adaptive coping mechanism also expected could be carried out.

Individual and Work-Related Psychological Characteristics Contributing to Subjective Well-Being in Air Rescue Employees

ObjectiveAir rescue staff are subject to stressors, including frequent traumatic events, shift work, and unfavorable conditions during rescue missions. We investigated subjective well-being among employees of the Swiss Air-Rescue organization and the potential determining factors, such as sense of coherence, self-esteem, coping, stress, and mental health status. MethodsAll employees (N = 142) received a questionnaire battery composed of the Trier Inventory for the Assessment of Chronic Stress, the Salutogenic Subjective Work Analysis, the Stress Coping Questionnaire, the Health and Stress Questionnaire, the Sense of Coherence Scale 13-item scale, the Inventory for the Measurement of Self-Efficacy and Externality, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the 12-item General Health Questionnaire, and the Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale. A discriminant analysis was conducted (input: subjective well-being, output: potential determining factors). A total of 48 participants provided complete data. ResultsThe discriminant analysis was significant (χ2 = 40.80, P < .001; correct classification: 89.4%) and revealed that sense of coherence (F1,45 = 40.46) and self-esteem (F1,45 = 36.20) were the most important discriminating factors for subjective well-being. ConclusionSense of coherence and self-esteem play an important role in the subjective well-being of emergency and rescue personnel. Fostering these traits should be included in preventive programs.

Wear Management of Colored Foils for the Assessment of Sleep Bruxism Patterns-A Prospective, Randomized Crossover Study.

The assessment of bruxism relies on clinical examinations, questionnaires, and polysomnography. The additional use of colored foils (BruxChecker®) could enable a more precise evaluation of bruxing patterns. To assess differences between use of the foils during stress periods or just on consecutive nights and to determine a reasonable duration of using the foils, 28 patients were classified according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) and were randomly assigned to wearing the 12 foils for six consecutive nights (alternately in the upper and lower jaw; "consecutive") or six nights within one month following days of high stress ("stress") in a crossover design. The sizes of the attrition areas were measured with ImageJ. Stress was evaluated using the Perceived Stress Scale. The Stress Coping Questionnaire (SVF-120) was used for assessing habitual stress coping strategies. Areas of attrition increased significantly from day 1/2 to 5/6, both for the upper and lower jaw. Molars in the mandible had significantly larger attrition areas than in the maxilla. No significant differences were detected between "consecutive" and "stress" phases. The foils were suitable for differentiating teeth more or less affected by bruxism and were able to show that areas of attrition increased with days, indicating that some adaptation takes place and several days of wearing the foils are required to show the full picture. However, no differences between low/moderate- and high-stress phases were detected.

The factor structure of the ways of coping questionnaire among abused Iranian women

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the factor structure of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ) among abused Iranian women.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is a methodological study. The participants included 554 abused married women who were selected by convenience sampling from the women presenting to health centers and hospitals and their companions as well as women visiting mosques and parks in Shahroud, Iran. The exploratory factor analysis was used to investigate the factor structure of the WCQ. The reliability of the questionnaire was estimated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient.FindingsFollowing the exploratory factor analysis, 36 items and 5 factors were extracted, which could explain 73.24% of the variance in the concept of coping with intimate partner violence. The extracted factors included distancing, planning, wishful thinking, seeking social support and problem-solving. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the questionnaire as a whole was 0.91.Originality/valueThis paper has practice and research implications for promoting coping among abused women. The factor structure of the WCQ obtained in this paper can validly measure coping with intimate partner violence among abused Iranian women. Learning about the coping strategies used by abused women can help design context-based interventions to assist these women in better coping with their husband’s violence and improving their well-being. This version of WCQ also enables assessing the effectiveness of the designed interventions.

Emotional Intelligence and Coping in Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder

Individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder struggle with emotion regulation and difficulty in accurately understanding facial expressions of others. This difficulty in regulating emotions can manifest as inappropriate anger, impulsiveness, and frequent mood swings. These behaviors may push others away and make it challenging to maintain loving and lasting relationships. Surprisingly, very little research has been carried out to explore the inter-relationships and interactions of coping and emotional intelligence in patients with borderline personality disorder. Aim: To study coping and emotional intelligence in patients with borderline personality disorder. Material and Methods: Cross sectional hospital based study, fifty patients with borderline personality disorder diagnosed as per DSM-V were selected by purposive sampling. 50 healthy matched subjects constituted the control group. Assessment was done using General Health Questionnaire, Brief COPE Questionnaire and Indian Adaptation of Emotional Intelligence Scale. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize and describe the characteristics of the data, including measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode) and measures of variability (standard deviation, range). Inferential statistics were used to make inferences about the population based on the sample data, including hypothesis testing (t-tests) and correlation analysis. The results of the analysis were presented in tables to facilitate interpretation and communication of the findings. Results: Significant differences were seen in Coping scores and Emotional Intelligence scores between the patients with borderline personality disorder group and normal control group. The patients with borderline personality disorder groups scored significantly low on coping and emotional intelligence in comparison with control group. Further, relationship between coping and emotional intelligence was found to be positively correlated. Conclusion: These findings suggest an association between low coping, emotional intelligence and borderline personality disorder. Present findings have implications for planning better intervention and prevention in this vulnerable population.

Psychological disorders and coping strategies in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Their impact on health-related quality of life.

inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has a major impact on psychological well-being. This condition is associated with a high level of anxiety and mood disorders, but stress prevalence and how an individual copes with IBD have not been sufficiently explored. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of the disease on psychological disorders and to identify coping strategies used by patients with IBD, as well as to analyze the relationship between these variables and sociodemographic and clinical variables. a cross-sectional prospective study was performed including 126 consecutive patients. Those with psychiatric conditions prior to the onset of the IBD were excluded. Independent variables were measured using a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire. The patients completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the BRIEF COPE questionnaire. Quality of life was measured using the nine-item IBD Quality of Life (IBDQ-9). the final cohort comprised 100 patients (37 with ulcerative colitis and 63 with Crohn's disease). The prevalence rates of the variables of stress, anxiety and depression were high (44 %, 24 % and 14 %, respectively). Stress and depression were higher in females (p < 0.05), without differences regarding other sociodemographic and clinical variables. Moreover, higher levels of anxiety and depression were found to be associated with stress and dysfunctional coping strategies (p < 0.01). patients with IBD, particularly women, have high rates of psychological disorders. Those with anxiety and depression presented more stress and used more dysfunctional strategies. These conditions must be considered for a multidisciplinary management.

Gender differences in burden of care and coping strategies among caregivers of schizophrenia patients

Caregivers of patients with schizophrenia have a considerable burden of care and develop different coping strategies to deal with the caregiving burden. The aim of this article is to assess gender differences in the burden of care and coping strategies used among caregivers of clinically stable patients with schizophrenia. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 57 caregivers (33 males and 24 females) of the patients with schizophrenia attending a psychiatric outpatient setting were included by purposive sampling. The caregivers were assessed with the Burden Assessment Schedule 20 items (BAS-20) and Brief Approach/Avoidance Coping Questionnaire (BACQ) to assess the burden of care and coping strategies, respectively. Average BAS-20 score was comparable between the male and female caregivers. If the patient was a spouse, the male caregivers had a significantly higher burden of the marital relationship than the female caregivers. On the BACQ, the socio-emotional approach subscale was significantly higher in female caregivers. The avoidance-oriented coping score and socio-emotional avoidance subscale were significantly higher in male caregivers. A significant positive correlation was found between BAS-20 score and avoidance-oriented coping scores in all caregivers except the females where a significant negative correlation was found between BAS score and socio-emotional avoidance type of coping. There are no gender differences in the burden of care in caregivers of clinically stable patients with schizophrenia except the male caregivers have a higher burden in the domain of marital relationship. The socio-emotional approach type of coping is higher in females while the socio-emotional avoidance type of coping is lower in male caregivers.

Особливості прояву рівня життєстійкості залежно від домінуючих копінг-стратегій особистості

B a c k g r o u n d . Hardiness is an important psychological characteristic of a personality that helps to overcome difficulties and solve stressful life situations. Despite certain differences between the concepts of hardiness and coping strategies, studies (Olefir, 2011; Predko &amp; Bondar, 2022; Soderstrom, Dolbier, Leiferman, &amp; Steinhardt, 2000) demonstrate the relationship between coping strategies and personality hardiness. On the one hand, hardiness is determined by a person's ability to engage in constructive coping strategies aimed at overcoming life difficulties, and on the other hand, it is its effective expression. P u r p o s e : to build a prognostic model that will allow to determine the level of hardiness depending on the chosen coping strategies. M e t h o d s . "Test of hardiness", adaptation of D. A. Leontiev and O. I. Rasskazova; measure "Coping Strategy Indicator" by J. Amirkhan, adapted by V. M. Yaltonsky; "Ways of Coping Questionnaire" by R. Lazarus; questionnaire "Proactive Coping Inventory" by L. Aspinwall, E. Greenglass, R. Schwarzer, S. Taubert, adapted by O. Starchenkov. Regression analysis was performed to create a prognostic model. R e s u l t s . A prognostic model was developed that allows for identifying the level of hardiness depending on the dominant coping strategies. Using regression analysis, it was proved that three predictors have the greatest influence, namely problem avoidance, proactive coping, and planful problem-solving. C o n c l u s i o n . It was found that the choice of coping strategies determines the overall level of a person's hardiness and his or her ability to effectively withstand any situation. The study has shown that the proactivity of an individual, emotional self-regulation, and the ability to calculate the time perspective are the main factors in the successful overcoming of difficulties. At the same time, attempts to avoid negative experiences and denial of the problem impede the manifestation of hardiness.. However, further research is needed to develop the model in greater detail.

The Effect of Psychological Resilience and Coping Strategies on Mental Health of Nurses.

Nursing professional is considered to be stressful with impact on nurses' mental health. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of coping strategies and psychological resilience on anxiety and depression among nurses. In this descriptive and cross-sectional study, 378 nurses from two hospitals (a general and a psychiatric) in Greece completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 25 (CD-RISC 25), and the Ways of Coping Questionnaire for evaluating the depression, anxiety, psychological resilience, and coping strategies, respectively. The study was carried out between October and December of 2019. Statistical analysis was performed with JASP version 0.14.01 and significance for all statistical tests was set at 0.05 or less. Psychological resilience was significantly correlated with anxiety (r=-0.127, p=0.014), Positive approach (r=-0.466, p<0.001), Seeking social support (r=-0.228, p<0.001), Avoidance/Escape (r=-0.121, p=0.020). Anxiety was positively correlated with Seeking social support (r=-0.112, p=0.030), Prayer/Daydream (r=-0.132, p=0.030), Avoidance/Escape (r=-0.164, p<0.001), and Assertive problem solving (r =-0.195, p<0.0010). Psychological resilience, Avoidance, and Assertive problem-solving were significant predictors of increasing of anxiety (β=-0.128, p = 0.013, β=0.130, p=0.027, β=0.131, p=0.020, respectively). Avoidance (β=0.209, p<0.001) and age (β=0.208, p=0.029) were significant predictors of depression. Psychological resilience and coping strategies have a significant effect on nurses' mental health.