Copepod Fauna Research Articles

Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Branchiopoden‐ und Copepodenfauna der Mongolei

Contribution to the Knowledge of the Branchiopod and Copepod Fauna of MongoliaOne species of Anostraca, 25 species of Cladocera and 19 species of Copepoda are reported, mainly from the eastern Khangai mountains, the Tola valley near Ulan‐Bator, and the Khentei mountains. One subspecies, Arctodiaptomus rectispinosus mongolicus, is new to science. An important fraction of species in the present collection had not yet been recorded from Mongolia. The relations between Daphnia longispina O. F. MÜLLER, 1785 and Daphnia rosea SARS,1862,Simocephalus vetulus (O. F. MÜLLER, 1776) and Simocephalus vetuloides SARS, 1898 are discussed. Due to hydrochemical factors, to trophic and climatic conditions most of the sampled localities can be divided into two groups: those of the mountainous steppe zone with high contents of nutrients and electrolytes and those situated in the northern montainous forest steppe zone which are more or less acidic and poor in nutrients and electrolytes. This is also reflected by the fauna composition.

A preliminary study on fauna of planktonic copepods in the China seas: Chen, Boyun, 1986. Acta oceanol. sin. (English version), 5(1):118–125

A total of 345 species of planktonic copepods have hitherto been found from the China Seas. Among them, tropical and warm-water species are dominant. The similar pattern of geographical distribution of these species is ascribed to the common influence of the coastal currents, the Kuroshio, and the South China Sea warm current. The number of species of planktonic copepods along the coastal waters of China decreases with increasing latitude, and increases with increasing longitude. The composition of the copepod fauna in the China Seas shows that the Bohai Sea and the northern Huanghai Sea belong to the north temperate zone fauna, that the South China Sea, offshore areas of the East China Sea and the southeastern part of the Taiwan Strait belong to the tropical fauna, and the western part of the Taiwan Strait and the northwestern part of the East China Sea belong to the mixed distribution area of tropical and subtropical fauna.

The calanoid and cyclopoid fauna (Crustacea Copepoda) of Lake Kolleru, South India

The free-living copepod fauna of Lake Kolleru, one of the largest freshwater bodies in India, was studied from August 1973 to July 1974. In all, 50 species were recorded, including 16, 13 and 21 species of Calanoida, Cyclopoida and Harpacticoida, respectively. This paper provides taxonomic remarks (description and illustration of additional characters, variation, redescription of taxonomically important characters, and distribution records) for selected species of Calanoida and Cyclopoida. Paracyclopina longifurea (Sewell, 1924), hitherto known by its female only, is redescribed, including the first report of the male. The seasonal fluctuation of certain species and that of the total copepod population vis-a-vis Cladocera, Rotifera and ‘other groups’ is discussed for two stations of the lake.

The stability-time hypothesis as a predictor of diversity in deep-sea soft-bottom communities: a test

In a test of Sanders' stability-time hypothesis in the deep sea, I show that the hydrodynamic regime of the HEBBLE site (40°24.0′N, 63°07.4′W) is less stable than that of the San Diego Trough (32°35.75′N, 117°29.00′W) and that this instability is important to the harpacticoid copepod fauna. Contrary to the prediction of the stability-time hypothesis, the harpacticoid diversity of the stable site was not greater than that of the unstable site.

The Harpacticoid Copepod Fauna of the River Ythan and Its Estuary, Aberdeenshire, Scotland

Harpacticoid copepods (Crustacea) comprise an important taxon of the sedimentdwelling meiofauna, generally being numerically inferior to only the Nematoda (Hulings & Gray, 1971). This paper reports those species comprising the fauna of the sediments of the River Ythan estuary, particularly the intertidal sediments, and describes some of the properties of the meiobenthic copepod community structure.

Common harpacticoid copepods from New Zealand harbours and estuaries

Abstract Ten harpacticoid species form the most abundant elements of the meiobenthic copepod fauna of mud and fine sand sediments in a number of New Zealand harbours and estuaries from Otago to Northland. By its intermediate nature Miscegenus heretaunga n.gen. & sp. cannot be accommodated within known genera of Diosaccidae. The quinque- spinosa-group of Heterolaophonte is raised to generic rank as Quinquelaophonte n.gen., and Q. candelabrum n.sp. is described. The new species Halectinosoma otakoua, H. hydrofuge, Parastenhelia megarostrum, Enhydrosoma variabile, and Paralaophonte aenigmaticum are described. Mesochra parva and Parastenhelia homelli are recorded from New Zealand for the first time. Keys and/or detailed character tables are given for Parastenhelia, Paralaophonte, and Quinquelaophonte. A possible phylogeny for the Amphiascus-related genera of Diosaccidae is proposed.

Redescription and/or remarks on four species of Pseudodiaptomus Herrick (Copepoda: Calanoida) from South India

In a study of the copepod fauna of the River Krishna and Lake Kolleru, four species of the genus Pseudodiaptomus Herrick, 1884 were encountered. They are: P. binghami Sewell, 1912 from both the river and lake, P. hickmani Sewell, 1912, P. tollingerae Sewell, 1919 and P. annandalei Sewell, 1919 from the lake. P. binghami and P. hickmani are redescribed. P. binghami malayalus Wellershaus, 1969 is accorded full species status. P. tollingerae and P. annandalei are provided with detailed illustrations, and mention has been made of such morphological features and/ or variation as are not hitherto documented. Distribution records are provided for all four species.

The colonization of artificially isolated volumes of intertidal estuarine sand by harpacticoid copepods

The colonization of partially isolated volumes of intertidal sand was monitored over a 5-month period with respect to the harpacticoid copepod (Crustacea) fauna. The results so obtained were discussed within the framework provided by the theory of island biogeography. Island area had no appreciable effect upon the number of species recorded, due to the high species turnover rates. The immigration rate was successfully regulated by altering the percentage of the total surface area of the boundary of the islands through which migration was possible. A correlation between the degree of isolation and the persistence of species populations was established. Based on their colonizing abilities, two sets of species were identified. Species within each of the two sets had similar colonization successes. The most efficient species were those that bred over a protracted period; hence their numerical abundance. It is hypothesized that species diversity is maintained by a non-hierarchical competitive network in species-rich areas, and in species-poor areas is limited by a hierarchical competitive network.

Annotated Checklist of the Free-Living Copepods of the Great Lakes

An annotated checklist of the free-living copepods of the Laurentian Great Lakes is developed on the basis of published records. Synonymies are included for each species, relating, wherever possible, invalid names in the literature with currently recognized taxonomy. Twelve species of calanoids, six species of planktonic cyclopoids, nine species of benthic/ littoral cyclopoids, and fourteen species of harpacticoids have been reported from the Great Lakes. Ten of the calanoids and four of the cyclopoids are characteristic of limnetic waters. Three calanoids and two planktonic cyclopoids have been reported infrequently and are perhaps accidental occurrences. The composition of the planktonic copepod fauna in most subregions of the Great Lakes is well-known. In contrast, the sampling of benthic/littoral cyclopoids and harpacticoids has been so infrequent that their kinds, areas of occurrence, and relative abundances are still poorly understood.

Structure in the Copepod Community of the North Pacific Central Gyre

The North Pacific central gyre is a large, monotonous, and geologically old system. It (and other such gyres) is probably the nearest oceanic equivalent to an essentially self—regulating, climax ecosystem. We have taken a series of replicated, vertically stratified net tows for macrozooplankton and have replicated measures of a number of habitat variables. Copepods are the most numerous members of the macrozooplankton fraction of the community of the central gyre. It is likely that they are also the largest part of the biomass. There are at least 125 species regularly present and although we do not know what many of them eat, certain species can almost certainly be identified as herbivores or carnivores, and others as omnivores. We show that some species are significantly more frequent parts of each other's biotic environment than other species. These recurrent groups of species tend to occupy different depth zones. The members of the groups show strong concordance of abundance at the depth of high group coherence. Thus there is a dividing up of the water column and a clear tendency for vertical spatial structure in the copepod fauna. Within groups there is a significant constancy of dominance at the group's preferred depth over time. Thus there appears to be a large amount of species structure as well as spatial structure. A highly regulated species equilibrium is implied. There are congeners occurring within the same recurrent groups. The physical and biotic environment of each group differs with respect to both concentration (e.g., chlorophyll α) or magnitude (e.g., temperature) of habitat variables and with respect to the spatial variability of these. Our most diverse group tends to occupy a depth zone ranking high in primary productivity but does not have the greatest total environmental richness or greatest or least heterogeneity, and this seems contrary to what some current community theory predicts. Our evidence indicates that within groups many similar species coexist spatially and temporally. We speculate about the relative roles of competition and predation influencing the structure we see. Aspects of modern community theory, based on competitive equilibrium, seem inadequate to explain our results. Predator regulation of structure seems a more likely explanation. However, existing information indicates a lack of sufficient specialization of what we believe to be the main predators on copepods to account for the observed constancy of copepod species structure. We suggest that a more intensive study of the role of predation is in order.

On the continental Copepod fauna of Morocco

A series of samples, collected in different parts of Morocco, contained 26 species and one subspecies of Copepoda. Ten among these are new to the fauna of Morocco and one is new to Science. Two species (Eucyclops hadjebensis Kiefer and Mixodiaptomus laciniatus atlantis Kiefer) are endemic to Morocco; Afrocyclops gibsoni Brady and Thermocyclops schuurmanae Kiefer are Ethiopan species. The former reaches its limit of Northern extent East of the Atlas mountains; the latter is a pluvial relict. The remaining species have either a cosmopolitan, circummediterranean or North-African distribution, with the exception of Cyclops abyssorum mauretaniae which is a southern element of the Eurasiatic genus Cyclops. Its taxonomical status is reviewed in some detail. Thermocyclops infrequens Kiefer is synonymized with T. schuurmanae Kiefer. It is concluded that the largest gaps in our knowledge of the Copepoda of Morocco are now in the group of the Harpacticoida.

On the near-surface plankton of the eastern South Pacific Ocean

A study has been made of the plankton of the near-surface water layer (0 to 30 cm) of the eastern South Pacific Ocean in the region lying to the east of the meridian 90°W, between latitudes 5°N and 35°S. This region is influenced by the Peru Current: the current brings water from high latitudes, which results in a decrease in the number of species of the local fauna of copepods of the family Pontellidae, typical of tropical near-surface plankton. Some of the widely tropical and one bicentral species are absent or rare. Least affected by the Peru Current are the waters of equatorial structure in the northern part of the region. Here, 7 species of pontellids were recorded: the widely tropical Labidocera detruncata, Pontella tenuiremis, Pontellopsis regalis, the distant-neritic Pontella danae and Labidocera acuta, the bicentral Labidocera acutifrons, and the neritic Pontellopsis lubbockii. The dominant species among these are L. detruncata and L. acuta. To the west of the convergence, in the southern part of the region, live the southern central species Pontella valida and P. whiteleggei, with Pontellopsis regalis occurring occasionally. In these regions the copepod fauna is frequently dominated by pontellids. To the south of the boundary of the waters of equatorial structure, between the coast of South America and the line of convergence, lies a region most subjected to the effect of waters from high latitudes and of upwellings. It is inhabited by 2 pontellids only: Pontellopsis regalis and Labidocera acutifrons, but they too disappear close to the coast. In this particular region the copepods Calanus australis and Centropages brachiatus are common; they are found in a thicker water layer (0 to 200 m), and are often more abundant than the pontellids.

Records of pelagic copepods off Kaikoura, New Zealand

Summary Additions to the pelagic copepod fauna of Kaikoura, New Zealand, include 20 species previously unrecorded and the males of 8 species for which females only had been recorded; further information concerning 2 other species is added.

VII.—The Littoral Copepoda (Crustacea) of Inhaca Island, Mozambique

SynopsisThis paper deals with a collection of littoral meiobenthic copepods collected at Inhaca Island, Mozambique during the month of September 1963. A total of 135 species of Copepoda Calanoida (1), Cyclopoida (8) and Harpacticoida (126) were found of which 45 are new species and one a new forma. Thirteen new genera are described. The meiobenthos of Inhaca Island is totally unknown and few studies have been made anywhere on the east coast of Africa, the only exceptions being the several researches in the Red Sea and on the island of Madagascar. As the time available was limited and the fauna unknown the major part of the work was devoted to compiling as complete an inventory of the copepod fauna as possible. As far as was possible samples of equivalent size were taken in each habitat and some idea of variation in copepod populations on the different substrates can be estimated, but a more exact ecological approach was not attempted. The fauna proved to be very rich and varied. The greatest number of species and of individuals was found in the detritus sand. In this habitat no one species was super-dominant as was the case in the phytal habitats (algæ and marine grasses) and in clean sand (the interstitial fauna). Due to the lack of information from adjacent areas the zoogeographical relationships of the fauna are difficult to assess. It is possible that many of the new species are quite local. For the established species these new records are of value in assessing their world distribution and the evidence points to many of them being cosmopolitan.

The Copepod Fauna of Assam (India), 4

[Description du dernier stade copepodite chez trois genres de Diaptomidae (Neodiaptomus, Arctodiaptomus et Tropodiaptomus). L'auteur donne les caracteres communs aux trois genres, ainsi que ceux par lesquels ils different. D'apres cette etude, il semblerait que la comparaison des stades copepodite presenterait de l'utilite dans la diagnose des autres genres de la famille des Diaptomidae., Description du dernier stade copepodite chez trois genres de Diaptomidae (Neodiaptomus, Arctodiaptomus et Tropodiaptomus). L'auteur donne les caracteres communs aux trois genres, ainsi que ceux par lesquels ils different. D'apres cette etude, il semblerait que la comparaison des stades copepodite presenterait de l'utilite dans la diagnose des autres genres de la famille des Diaptomidae.]

The Copepod Fauna of Assam (India), 3

Description de deux nouvelles especes du genre Arctodiaptomus, A. shillongensis n. sp. et A. kief eri n. sp., provenant du lac Ward, Shillong, dans la region des Monts Khasi et Jaintia (Assam, Inde).

Species Composition and Seasonal Changes of Copepod Fauna in the Vicinity of Mukaishima

Species Composition and Seasonal Changes of Copepod Fauna in the Vicinity of Mukaishima

Contributions To the Copepod Fauna of the Netherlands

Contributions To the Copepod Fauna of the Netherlands

Copepods from the Interstitial Fauna of a Sandy Beach

Attention was first drawn by Wilson (1932) to the large copepod fauna which can be found in an ordinary sandy beach. In his introduction he describes his method of collecting these copepods (p. 7) and in the course of the paper describes a number of new genera and species thus obtained.Sand-dwelling animals, particularly Crustacea and worms (excluding sessile forms), are usually regarded as burrowers, since in their migrations they displace the particles of their environment. The fauna opened up by Wilson's discovery is of a quite different type. In contrast to true sand-burrowing animals, these copepods do not displace the particles of the sand through which they move but crawl over the surface of the grains, which, by capillarity, always hold more or less water, even high up on the beach at low tide. Such copepods, together with nematodes, rotifers, protozoa and other animals sufficiently small, may be regarded as part of an “interstitial” fauna.

Contributions to the Copepod Fauna of Nebraska and Other States

Contributions to the Copepod Fauna of Nebraska and Other States