Cooperation In South America Research Articles

Higher Education of Latin America in the Trajectory of International Student Mobility

Latin America and Caribbean Region (LAC), with a student enrollment about 30 million, has its own space in the global inter-university exchange. And the article aims to observe current trends and specific features of the internationalization of LAC higher education systems. The author analyzes different models of interaction of the region, firstly, with the countries of the global “North”, secondly, in the “South-South” format, and in a trilateral model – “North-South-South”. Also, the article studies some versions of intraregional cooperation in South America, as well as the Network university consortium (BRICS as example). The research exposes a new trend, the participation of LAC countries in the virtual student mobility, which has become a “new normal” during the pandemic period and has retained its significance at the present time. A special place is given to Russian-Latin American cooperation which has a long history. Additionally, the opportunities and difficulties of this bi-regional partnership in the higher education sphere at the present time are analyzed.Despite the fact that the Latin American region lies somewhat away from the main routes of global interuniversity exchange, it is gradually increasing its share in the flow of mobile students by active participation in triangle formats. Simultaneously, the region develops new options for intra-regional cooperation to increase the competitiveness of Latin American universities in the international education market.

South-South Cooperation for development : an introduction

The text discusses the importance of international cooperation in science, technology, and innovation (STI), highlighting changes in bilateral partnerships between Brazil and China, especially in the space sector, and the promotion of health cooperation in South America. Additionally, it examines transnational networks involving Brazilian scientists and researchers and regional inequalities in scientific collaboration. It also explores the evolution of technical cooperation in sectors such as metrology and food security, emphasizing the potential for future cooperation initiatives and the need for a strategic approach to sectoral agendas such as health and STI.

Paradox of Autonomy: explaining flaws in South American security regionalism

This article addresses the South American difficulties in the consolidation of regional security mechanisms, developing an analytical model called the “paradox of autonomy.” This model was developed through the application of inductive and deductive methodological criteria, based on the observation of recent historical reality, in order to attain generalizable lessons from a relevant case for South American international relations. Also using rational analytical approaches that allow their construction within the framework of rational action problems. From the observation on the emergence and performance of the South American Defense Council, it was identified that the allowing conditions for a novel mechanism of regional (collective) autonomy for security, paradoxically offered opportunities for the exercise of national (individual) autonomy. The article concludes that, although the conditions for the paradox of autonomy are difficult to overcome in cases of security regionalism initiatives, there are possibilities to do so. The key would be in less ambitious institutional designs that recognize the inherent difficulties for institutional regional security cooperation in South America.

Regional environmental cooperation in South America: processes, drivers and constraints

Regional environmental cooperation in South America: processes, drivers and constraints

Perspectivas para el desarrollo social paraguayo a través de la cooperación en ciencia y tecnología en el ámbito del MERCOSUR

O presente estudo visa contribuir com o debate sobre aspectos não tradicionais da cooperação internacional no âmbito do MERCOSUL. Especificamente, aqui se aborda a questão do desenvolvimento social através da cooperação em ciência e tecnologia. A hipótese adotada nesta pesquisa é a de que, para além do aspecto econômico tradicional, este tipo de cooperação internacional possui potencial de transformar a realidade social do Paraguai através de impactos positivos diretos sobre a educação, a inclusão produtiva, a melhora de condições laborais e o combate às desigualdades. A escolha do Paraguai está relacionada à percepção de que a cooperação em ciência e tecnologia pode oferecer benefícios para além da melhora de indicadores estritamente econômicos. Além disso, argumenta-se que o MERCOSUL seria o melhor espaço para a promoção deste tipo de cooperação, pois é o organismo de promoção de integração e de cooperação regional mais bem institucionalizado da América do Sul, sendo responsável pela maior parte das iniciativas que guardam semelhança à proposta neste trabalho. Do ponto de vista social, o trabalho cumpre a função de colocar em debate a necessidade de continuidade de projetos de cunho social mesmo durante períodos em que instituições internacionais, especialmente o MERCOSUL, passam por reformulações de suas prioridades, voltando-se a um debate mais restrito à área comercial.

Indigenous Deals – Cosmologies Negotiated in Environmental and Development Projects

Abstract Affected by the current context of neo-extractivism and the ongoing expansion of world market oriented agriculture and livestock breeding into primary forest areas, Indigenous organizations and communities are seeking support to protect their territories. Forced to enter into an environment of negotiation dominated by foreign cosmologies and paradigms, delegates of Indigenous organizations who participate in meetings outside their own, well known physical and spiritual territories and environments are constantly confronted with difficulties; they have to transmit messages of their own living context during those events, and, later on, provide information on the results to their own communities. At the same time, and based on extended experiences, they have developed a variety of different strategies to cope with these situations. This article draws on long-time expertise in the development cooperation in South America. Based on research stays and the monitoring of various processes among Indigeno...

Unasul: iniciativa de integração regional? Instituição de regionalismo pós-liberal ou contra-hegemônico? Concertación ou coordenação de interesses comuns? (os debates conceituais sobre um processo em construção)

Por ser um processo relativamente novo, inédito ao reunir todos e somente os países sul-americanos e por desenvolver arranjos institucionais bastante próprios, revela-se complexo o debate conceitual sobre que tipo de instituição é a Unasul: um órgão de coordenação e concertação? Um processo original e único de regionalismo? Ou iniciativa promissora de integração regional? O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir a recente bibliografia sobre conceitos teóricos elaborados por vários especialistas que procuram definir a configuração da Unasul, seu processo de criação, institucionalização e desenvolvimento, e as complexidades e desafios que se apresentam a esse processo, dentro do panorama de regionalismo, integração e concertação política na América do Sul.

Financial and Monetary Cooperation in South America: Making the Case for a Deeper Integration among the UNASUR Countries

A crise financeira internacional e a "grande recessão" acentuaram a assimetria que existe entre a dinâmica econômica dos países desenvolvidos e emergentes, bem como resgataram a ideia de que é necessária uma reforma significativa na arquitetura financeira global. Concomitantemente, a proposição de integração regional tornou-se uma estratégia para os países em desenvolvimento, especialmente os países da América do Sul. Neste artigo, investigaremos os mecanismos existentes de cooperação monetária e financeira na América do Sul e questionararemos se eles podem garantir o progresso da integração regional. A ideia é mostrar que, por um lado, a Unasul pode se constituir em um processo de integração regional consistente e, por outro lado, propor a criação "Regional Market Maker" para a Unasul com o intuito de impulsionar as relações comerciais e financeiras, disciplinar e padronizar as políticas macroeconômicas e evitar quaisquer situações de ruptura decorrente de crises financeiras e cambiais.

Post-hegemonic regionalism, UNASUR, and the reconfiguration of regional cooperation in South America

This article explores the changes in the patterns of regional cooperation in South America in the last decade, and the role of the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) in the contemporary period. It is argued that a new period has begun, better captured by the concept of “post-hegemonic regionalism”, which implies that there is no hegemonic model of regional integration and cooperation, but rather a plurality of models that coexist and overlap. The plurality of models is accentuated in the area of trade: while Mercosur has abandoned the focus on free trade and privileged a social and productive agenda, the Bolivarian Alliance for the People of America (ALBA) is advancing an alternative model based on twenty-first-century socialism. In this context, UNASUR has become an umbrella organization advancing political and security cooperation among countries that, nevertheless, pursue different strategies of development. The UNASUR economic agenda has not included the liberalization of trade, so far, but has rather focused on cooperation in the areas of infra-structure, social development, and energy. UNASUR’s role in South American regionalism depends on its capacity to be a space for the discussion and consolidation of consensus in the political and security areas and a minimum common denominator in the economic area.

Regional Financial Cooperation: Issues in South America

There is an emergence of regional financial cooperation in South America as a result of the insufficiency shown by IFIs in crisis periods. In this paper we want to argue that regional financial cooperation serves to cover any or all of the external, fiscal and, savings and investment gaps, in a new regionalism context where the actors are no longer the States only but also the private sector. The requirement for monetary cooperation is financial stability which exists amongst certain subsets of countries but not amongst all. Equally, Latin America has turned into South America and as such is organised around UNASUR due to the political perception that Mexico and the Central American Community countries were shifting towards a US led dominance while the Mercosur countries centred around Brazil. This country launched local currency payment mechanisms and have not in been used widely due to the lack of monetary policy coordination.but equally they would require a a change in the IMF definition of what is a reserve currency. A regional payment system(SUCRE) was also launched and is not used widely for the same reason. Finally there are new research areas found after the Euro crisis that must be studied in order to ensure greater regional financial stability.

Nuclear cooperation in South America: the role of scientists in the Argentine-Brazilian rapprochement.

Annals of the New York Academy of SciencesVolume 866, Issue 1 p. 165-181 Nuclear Cooperation in South America: The Role of Scientists in the Argentine-Brazilian Rapprochement PAULO S. WROBEL, PAULO S. WROBEL Royal Institute of International Affairs, 10 St. James's Square, London SW1Y 4LE, United KingdomSearch for more papers by this authorJOHN R. REDICK, JOHN R. REDICK Charlottesville Albermarle Community Foundation, P.O. Box 1767, Charlottesville, Virginia 22902Search for more papers by this author PAULO S. WROBEL, PAULO S. WROBEL Royal Institute of International Affairs, 10 St. James's Square, London SW1Y 4LE, United KingdomSearch for more papers by this authorJOHN R. REDICK, JOHN R. REDICK Charlottesville Albermarle Community Foundation, P.O. Box 1767, Charlottesville, Virginia 22902Search for more papers by this author First published: 07 February 2006 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09151.xCitations: 1Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Citing Literature Volume866, Issue1SCIENTIFIC COOPERATION, STATE CONFLICT: THE ROLES OF SCIENTISTS IN MITIGATING INTERNATIONAL DISCORDDecember 1998Pages 165-181 RelatedInformation

The Cold War as Cooperation: Superpower Cooperation in Regional Conflict Management

Part 1 The Cold War as co-operation: the Cold War as co-operation, Edward A. Kolodziej the Cold War as co-operation - a Soviet perspective, Victor A. Kremenyuk. Part 2 Superpower co-operation in conflict management - regional perspectives: superpower co-operation in Western Europe, Edward A. Kolodziej superpower co-operation in Eastern Europe, Roger E. Kanet superpower co-operation in the Middle East, Galia Golan superpower co-operation in North Africa, I. William Zartman superpower co-operation in sub-Saharan Africa, M. Crawford young superpower co-operation in Southern Africa, Daniel R. Kempton superpower co-operation in the Caribbean and Central America, W. Raymond Duncan superpower co-operation in South America, Howard J. Wiarda superpower co-operation in South Asia, Stephen P. Cohen superpower co-operation in West Asia, Marvin G. Weinbaum supower co-operation in Southeast Asia, Sheldon W. Simon superpower co-operation in East Asia, Samuel S. Kim. Part 3 Conclusions: the shadow the future in light of the past, Edward A. Kolodziej.