Control Of Boost Converter Research Articles

Stability in passivity-based boost converter controller for power factor correction

This paper addresses the control of Boost converters applied for Power Factor Correction in universal-line applications with unknown load, using adaptive nonlinear control based on passivity. The closed loop system stability is discussed based on the analysis of the internal dynamics resulting from the use of the proposed control strategy. The performance of the proposed PFC rectifier is tested on an experimental 630-W universal-line PFC prototype.

Performance Evaluation of Fuzzy and PI Controller for Boost Converter with Active PFC

In this paper, the problem of controlling AC-DC full bridge converter is considered. The control objectives are two, one is guaranteeing a regulated voltage for the connected load and second one is enforcing power factor correction (PFC) with input current sinusoidal. Power factor correction of Boost converter is done by using fuzzy control technique. The inner loop has a current error amplifier which improves the power factor by properly shaping the input current in accordance with its reference. This reference signal is always synchronized and proportional to the line voltage hence the input current comes in phase with the input voltage. Thus by improving the power factor maximum active power can be delivered to the load. The voltage loop is being controlled by the fuzzy controller and the multiplier. Voltage regulation is done by the fuzzy controller and input distortion is minimized by the fuzzy controller. The desired features of an active PFC technique are close to Unity Power Factor operation, less than 10 % total harmonic distortion in line current and simple control strategy. The fuzzy control technique gives better performance during different line voltage and load. The results are verified through MATLAB/Simulink. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v2i4.522

FPGA and dSPACE based Sliding Mode Control of Boost Converter for PEM Fuel Cell Application

This paper presents a non-linear dynamic model of a PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) fuel cell and its simulation in MATLAB. A single cell and three cells stack is fabricated and simulation results obtained are validated experimentally with the dynamic response of the system for change in values of different system parameters. To meet the varying requirements of the load, boost converter circuit is designed and classical PID as well as advanced sliding mode control strategies are simulated in MATLAB and implemented using FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) and d-SPACE for experimental validation.

Simulation Studies of a Slope Compensated Current Mode Controlled Boost Converter

Simulation Studies of a Slope Compensated Current Mode Controlled Boost Converter

Input Current Control of Boost Converters using Current-Mode Controller Integrated with Linear Quadratic Regulator

The application of power electronic converter in the renewable energy systems significantly increases their efficiencies by maintaining the operation of these systems at the optimal operating points, therefore, absorbing the maximum available power from the renewable sources all the time. In this paper, the small-signal models of the open-loop, current-mode controlled boost converter are derived. In addition, both the Current Mode Control (CMC) and the Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) methods are combined to design a controller that forces the input current of the converter to follow accurately a reference current, which could be generated using maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms. The controller performance is tested under transient conditions and with disturbance signals using MATLAB/Simulink simulation package. The simulation results indicate that both a good response and disturbance rejection are achieved in tested conditions.

Complementary PID Controller to Passivity-Based Nonlinear Control of Boost Converters With Inductor Resistance

Since the DC-DC boost converter exhibits highly nonlinear and non-minimum phase properties, it is not an easy task to design a controller that is robust against load perturbations. This paper presents a dynamic output feedback controller for a DC-DC boost converter that has a practical inductor and a series resistance. In order to maintain its robust output voltage regulation, the proposed controller adopts a simplified parallel-damped passivity-based controller (PD-PBC). A complementary proportional-integral-differential (PID) controller to the PD-PBC has been designed for removing the steady state error owing to the parasitic resistance. We present sufficient conditions for the asymptotic stability of the augmented system with an additional dynamic system. Computer simulations and experimental tests under reference step changes and load perturbations confirm the improved performance of the proposed approach.

Modeling, Control and Design of DC-DC Boost Converter for Grid Connected Photo-Voltaic Applications

This article presents a design and development method of a DC-DC boost converter with constant output voltage. This system has a nonlinear dynamic behavior, as it works in switch-mode. Moreover, it is exposed to significant variations which may take this system away from nominal conditions, due to changes on the load or on the line voltage at the input. From a fluctuating or a variable input voltage, boost converter is able to step up the input voltage to a higher constant dc output voltage using the Non-linear feedback controllers such as PID controller and the Sliding Mode controllers. By this technique, the output of the converter is measured and compared with a reference voltage. The differential of the compared value will be used to produce a pulse width modulation signal to control switch in the boost converter. Simulation results describe the performance of the proposed design.

Control of a Three-Level Boost Converter Based on a Differential Flatness Approach for Fuel Cell Vehicle Applications

This paper presents a high-gain boost converter (three-level converter and transformerless converter) for fuel cell (FC) vehicle applications. An original nonlinear control law based on the flatness principle for distributed dc generation is studied. Utilizing the flatness property, we propose simple solutions to the system performance and stabilization problems. The design controller parameters are straightforward and autonomous at the operating point. To validate the proposed method, a prototype FC power converter (1.2-kW three-level boost converter) is developed in the laboratory. The proposed control law is implemented with a digital estimate in a dSPACE 1104 controller card. The experimental results from the laboratory using a 1200-W and 46-A polymer electrolyte membrane FC (PEMFC) verify that this is a good control scheme.

Analysis, Design, and Implementation of Hysteresis Modulation Sliding-mode Controller for Negative-output Elementary Boost Converter

This article presents the analysis, design, and output voltage regulation of a negative-output elementary boost converter operated in the continuous conduction mode using a hysteresis modulation sliding-mode controller for applications requiring the constant power source in medical equipment, telecom, industrial, and military/aerospace telemetry applications. The negative-output elementary boost converter is a new series of attractive DC-DC converters possessing high-voltage transfer gain, high power density, high efficiency, and reduced output voltage and inductor current ripples. Due to the time-varying and switching properties of the negative-output elementary boost converter, its dynamic characteristic becomes highly non-linear. In order to improve the dynamics performance and output voltage regulation of the negative-output elementary boost converter, a hysteresis modulation sliding-mode controller is developed. The hysteresis modulation sliding-mode controller is designed for the inherently variable structure of the negative-output elementary boost converter by using a state-space average based model. The three conditions of the hysteresis modulation sliding-mode controller for the negative-output elementary boost converter—the existence, hitting, and stability conditions—are analyzed. The performance of the developed controller is validated for its robustness to perform over a wide range of operating conditions through both the laboratory prototype and MATLAB/Simulink (The MathWorks, Natick, Massachusetts, USA) models, which are compared with a proportional-integral controller. Theoretical analysis, simulation, and experimental results are presented along with the complete design procedure.

Complex Interaction Between Tori and Onset of Three-Frequency Quasi-Periodicity in a Current Mode Controlled Boost Converter

It is known that power electronic circuits like dc-dc converters are highly nonlinear systems, and that period doubling and Neimark-Sacker bifurcations are common sources of instability in such systems. It has also been shown that these two types of bifurcation may interact, giving rise to interesting dynamical phenomena. In this paper we show that in a current mode controlled dc-dc converter, periodic, quasi-periodic, and saturation behavior can coexist for the same parameter value, and there can be complex interactions between them. Furthermore, abrupt exit to saturation mode can be triggered by a torus-torus collision. Finally, we report the first observation of three-frequency quasi-periodicity in a power electronic system.

Improvements in Boundary Control of Boost Converters Using the Natural Switching Surface

A boundary control scheme for boost converters with enhanced performance using the natural switching surface (NSS) is presented in this paper. The derivation of the switching surface (SS) is performed in the normalized domain to obtain a general geometrical representation that is applicable to any combination of boost converter parameters. The resulting SS provides an excellent dynamic response during start-up and sudden load changes, achieving steady state in only one switching action. In order to illustrate the characteristic features and the superior performance of the natural SS, a geometrical analysis is fully developed and compared to other recent SSs. A design example is presented to illustrate the benefits of the normalization technique, and the qualities of the natural SS are confirmed with simulation and experimental results of a 30 W, 10 V/22 V converter.

A Multimode Digitally Controlled Boost Converter With PID Autotuning and Constant Frequency/Constant Off-Time Hybrid PWM Control

This paper proposes a multimode digitally controlled boost converter with PID autotuning and constant frequency/constant off-time hybrid pulsewidth modulation (PWM) control. Constant off-time PWM control is introduced in this converter for avoiding the limit cycle oscillation and maintaining a constant dc gain of the control-output transfer function for a high conversion ratio. Discrete-time modeling of constant off-time PWM is given and verified. An autotuning PID compensator based on frequency-response measurement is adopted to compensate the output stage with variable gain and variable corner frequency. PFM is also included in this controller to improve light load efficiency. A new method of automatic PWM/PFM mode switching without current sensing is proposed. Sufficient loop stability margin and optimal efficiency are obtained by using these techniques for a boost converter operating over wide ranges of output voltages, load currents, and external components. Experimental results are shown for an asynchronous boost converter with 2.5-V input voltage, 3-12 V, and 1-400 mA output.

Design and Implementation of a Single Input Fuzzy Logic Controller for Boost Converters

This paper describes the design and hardware implementation of a Single Input Fuzzy Logic Controller (SIFLC) to regulate the output voltage of a boost power converter. The proposed controller is derived from the signed distance method, which reduces a multi-input conventional Fuzzy Logic Controller (CFLC) to a single input FLC. This allows the rule table to be approximated to a one-dimensional piecewise linear control surface. A MATLAB simulation demonstrated that the performance of a boost converter is identical when subjected to the SIFLC or a CFLC. However, the SIFLC requires nearly an order of magnitude less time to execute its algorithm. Therefore the former can replace the latter with no significant degradation in performance. To validate the feasibility of the SIFLC, a 50W boost converter prototype is built. The SIFLC algorithm is implemented using an Altera FPGA. It was found that the SIFLC with asymmetrical membership functions exhibits an excellent response to load and input reference changes.

Design and Development of a Feedback Controller for Boost Converter Using Artificial Immune System

The main objective of this article is to design, implement, and test a feedback controller for a boost-type DC-DC converter employing the artificial immune system technique. When a boost-type DC-DC converter is operated in a closed-loop mode with a traditionally designed controller, the dynamic response is observed to be dissimilar at different operating points of the converter system. Hence, the feedback controller design is formulated as an optimization problem, and controller parameters are estimated through an artificial immune system based algorithm. Extensive simulation and corresponding experimental work are then carried out on the DC-DC converter with the artificial immune system based feedback controller. Comparison of the converter dynamic response with the proposed scheme to the one obtained through a conventional method as well as a genetic algorithm based approach shows that the new method gives a robust controller structure that yields very good dynamic response at all operating points. Computed and measured results are supplied.

Closed-Loop Analysis and Cascade Control of a Nonminimum Phase Boost Converter

In this paper, a cascade controller is designed and analyzed for a boost converter. The fast inner current loop uses sliding-mode control. The slow outer voltage loop uses the proportional-integral (PI) control. Stability analysis and selection of PI gains are based on the nonlinear closed-loop error dynamics. It is proven that the closed-loop system has a nonminimum phase behavior. The voltage transients and reference voltage are predictable. The current ripple and system sensitivity are studied. The controller is validated by a simulation circuit with nonideal circuit parameters, different circuit parameters, and various maximum switching frequencies. The simulation results show that the reference output voltage is well tracked under parametric changes, system uncertainties, or external disturbances with fast dynamic transients, confirming the validity of the proposed controller.

Research of Noise Induced Intermittent Chaos in Power Converter

This paper analyzes the working process of current-mode controlled Boost converter and finds that the system will produce the physical phenomenon of intermittency chaos when the converter works in the period windows of chaos zone and external noise reaches certain intensity. It can observe the phenomenon of noise-induced intermittent chaos and it also analyzes the relationship between noise intensity and induced intermittent chaos, the relationship between the noise intensity threshold and circuit parameters in resulting intermittent chaos from the perspective of numerical simulation. The research has an important theoretical and practical significance to nonlinear science and it can provide a reliable theoretical reference for the stable design of switching power converters.

Sliding Dynamics Bifurcations in the Control of Boost Converters

AbstractDynamical systems techniques are exploited to assess the quality of switching control strategies leading to sliding model controllers (SMC). A boost converter controlled by SMC through a washout filter is considered. The crucial role of possible bifurcations in the ideal sliding dynamics is stressed. The possible reduction of the 3D-sliding dynamics to that of certain topologically equivalent planar standard vector field is emphasized so that the existence of Hopf bifurcations in the ideal sliding dynamics can be rigorously shown. Both a deeper insight in the global behavior of the controlled system and valuable design criteria are obtained.

Control of Hopf bifurcation in the one-cycle controlled Boost converter and its experimental implementation

The one-cycle controlled Boost converter is analyzed by using its averaged model. The results show that the one-cycle controlled Boost converter loses stability via a supercritical Hopf bifurcation, which may jeopardize the performance of the converter. A washout filter is proposed in this paper to suppress the Hopf bifurcation. This method can be easily implemented due to the structure of the one-cycle controlled Boost converter. The averaged model of the washout filter-aided one cycle controlled Boost converter is derived. Two new parameters in the washout filter can be chosen by Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion. The washout filter-aided method is verified by simulation and experiment.

Investigation of the Mechanism of Tangent Bifurcation in Current Mode Controlled Boost Converter

Tangent bifurcation is a special bifurcation in nonlinear dynamic systems. The investigation of the mechanism of the tangent bifurcation in current mode controlled boost converters operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM) is performed. The one-dimensional discrete iterative map of the boost converter is derived. Based on the tangent bifurcation theorem, the conditions of producing the tangent bifurcation in CCM boost converters are deduced mathematically. The mechanism of the tangent bifurcation in CCM boost is exposed from the viewpoint of nonlinear dynamic systems. The tangent bifurcation in the boost converter is verified by numerical simulations such as discrete iterative maps, bifurcation map and Lyapunov exponent. The simulation results are in agreement with the theoretical analysis, thus validating the correctness of the theory.

Model Predictive Controller of Boost Converter with RLE load

This paper discuss about the new approach of control mechanism for dc to dc converters. Using this technique fast response and steady state output can be achieved. Model predictive controller will predict the future output by suitable training of the present and past occurrences. Conventional PI controllers will get the output at lesser response and vast deviation from the output. In this algorithm single input and single output is developed to describe the boost converter. The control objectives of voltage tracking are used by weighted cost function. The proposed algorithm of Model Predictive Controller is done by simulation using MATLAB. Comparative analysis and results of MPC and PI control is observed.