Control Technology Research Articles

Optimization of an anti-recoil control scheme based on improved NSGA-II for a deep-water drilling riser after emergency disconnection

Once ED (emergency disconnection) occurs, the recoil response of a deep-water drilling riser is commonly controlled by tuning anti-recoil valves via a PLC, and researchers are devoting efforts to readjusting the valve opening employing various control technologies. Distinctively, this study tries to convert the anti-recoil issue into a multi-objective optimization problem by introducing penalty functions for the required constraints in a successful anti-recoil control. At first, a parametric analysis for the recoil dynamics of a deep-water drilling riser is conducted. It has found that the anti-recoil valve opening coefficient Cv has a slight effect on the pressure drop when Cv≥0.2, while the effect becomes remarkable when Cv<0.2 accompanied by a jump phenomenon; The variation of high-pressure air volume has a negligible effect on the recoil response. However, if some air vessels are pumped out and discharged when the riser travels upward at the moment of ED, the volume reduction can significantly increase the LMRP-BOP clearance while it increases the risk that piston stroke exceeds limitation. Then, a novel anti-recoil scheme is proposed that the recoil process is roughly regulated by altering high-pressure air volume and accurately controlled by adjusting anti-recoil valve at Cv≥0.2. Finally, an optimization approach based on improved NSGA-II is developed. The effectiveness has been verified by recoil analysis of a deep-water drilling riser after ED adopting a set of optimized parameters, which can be a workbench for further study with more objectives, variable parameters and constraints.

Blockchain empowered dynamic access control for secure data sharing in collaborative emergency management

In the realm of emergency management involving multi-party collaboration, securely sharing data among multiple entities poses a significant challenge. Traditional centralized data platforms struggle with fine-grained access control for data from different sources and are susceptible to single-point failures and risks of forged authorization. This paper delves into the prospective application of blockchain technology for decentralized data governance. We propose a dynamic access control technology for multi-party collaborative emergency response, which combines blockchain and attribute-based access control technologies to enable dynamic access control in multi-party data sharing scenarios. A data sharing system for collaborative emergency management built with Hyperledger Fabric has been developed and subjected to a series of evaluation tests. The experimental results reveal that our blockchain-based system not only significantly enhances data security and privacy by leveraging decentralized control but also improves the efficiency and reliability of data sharing in emergency situations. Specifically, our findings demonstrate the system's ability to dynamically adapt access control policies based on changing emergency scenarios, effectively mitigating risks associated with single-point failures and unauthorized access. These outcomes underscore the viability and reliability of our approach, providing a robust framework for secure, scalable, and flexible data sharing in the demanding field of emergency management.

A study on the macro and micro mechanisms of cotton seedling growth regulation by high-voltage electrostatic field and optimization of system parameters

Addressing the issues of inefficiency and severe environmental pollution associated with artificial and chemical methods in cotton growth regulation, this study introduces the high-voltage electrostatic field environmental control technology. It delves into the technology’s macro- and microscopic impacts on cotton seedling growth and optimizes its operational parameters. At the macro level, the study examines the influence of adjusting the output voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator, the distance between the upper pole plate and the cotton leaf, and the action time of the electric field on seedling features above (plant height, ground diameter, and leaf area) and below ground (fresh weight and dry weight of roots). Subsequently, utilizing an orthogonal experimental design, the optimal parameters are identified: output voltage of 15.93 kV, a distance of 10.71 cm between the pole plate and cotton leaf, and an action time of 39.23 s, resulting in the most favorable overall growth condition. At the micro level, conductivity meters and transmission electron microscopy techniques are employed to investigate leaf electrical conductivity and ultrastructure changes under a high-voltage electrostatic field. Results indicate a slight conductivity increase under moderate conditions (e.g., 18 kV-8 cm), signifying healthy cell membranes. Conversely, extreme conditions (e.g., 18 kV-2 cm or 36 kV-8 cm) cause marked conductivity spikes, pointing to cellular damage. Transmission electron microscopy observations reinforce this, with intact membranes under optimal conditions but disintegration and degradation under adverse ones. In conclusion, this study unravels the internal mechanisms of high-voltage electrostatic field regulation on cotton seedling growth from macro- to micro-scales, validating its feasibility and effectiveness. This breakthrough not only pioneers a novel approach for cash crop seedling growth control but also lays a scientific foundation for refining and advancing cotton cultivation techniques, thereby advancing agricultural modernization and sustainable development goals.

Research on dust and rockburst control technology for coal mining and mathematical correlation

As many coal mines in China enter the deep mining stage, underground mining is starting to cause some problems, including dust disasters, rockburst, and coal and gas outburst in enclosed sites. In this study, water injection tests were conducted on coal samples using a coal rock multi-field seepage simulation experimental system under geo-stress conditions. Experimental results demonstrate that, as the cycle period increases, permeability exhibits a gradual increase. Areas with high permeability change rates are predominantly observed at the beginning and end of the cycle. The relationship between permeability and the number of cycles is initially linear during the early and middle cycles. However, beyond 30 cycles, the relationship transitions from linear to nonlinear, indicating an accelerated permeability change after a certain cycle threshold. In conclusion, this study addressed and refined the mathematical relationship between volumetric strain and permeability. The findings of this research have significant implications for the prevention of dust emissions and the mitigation of rockburst disasters in the field.

Precise beam control in optical phased arrays using the four steps rotating element electric field vector method

The integrated optical phase arrays (OPAs) possess the capability for rapid modulation and precise control of output beam deflection, making it widely applicable in fields such as three-dimensional terrain reconstruction, autonomous driving, and holographic imaging. However, the unknown initial phase introduced during the manufacturing and packaging processes of current OPAs results in low beam alignment quality and random output beam phases, significantly limiting the development and application of OPAs. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a precise control technology for OPA output beams, utilizing a beam calibration method we have developed, known as the Four Steps Rotating Element Electric Field Vector Method. This method enables rapid and accurate calibration, achieving precise phase control for each antenna on the OPA chip by calibrating the phase shift and controlling the voltage relationship. It overcomes the challenges of unknown phase distributions common in passive calibration methods, aligning the calibrated phase distribution more closely with theoretical expectations. The proposed method further enhances control over the OPA output beam. Based on this technology, we constructed an experimental platform to achieve a main lobe with a PSLR of 15.98 dB and successfully generated vortex beams using a 4×4 OPA. This innovation not only addresses the initial phase issues caused by manufacturing errors but also significantly enhances the precise control of OPA phases, expanding its applications in LiDAR systems.

Anesthetic Gases: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Strategies for Fluranes and Nitrous Oxide

Anesthetic gases represent a small but significant portion of the environmental impact of health care in many countries. These compounds include several fluorocarbons commonly referred to as “fluranes”. The fluranes are greenhouse gases (GHG) with global warming potentials in the hundreds to thousands and are also PFAS compounds (per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances) according to at least one definition. Nitrous oxide (N2O) is sometimes used as an adjunct in anesthesia, or for sedation, but has a significant stratospheric ozone depletion potential as well as GHG effects. Reducing emissions of these compounds into the environment is, therefore, a growing priority in the health care sector. Elimination or substitution of the highest impact fluranes with alternatives has been pursued with some success but limitations remain. Several emission control strategies have been developed for fluranes including adsorption onto solids, which has shown commercial promise. Catalytic decomposition methods have been pursued for N2O emission control, although mixtures of fluranes and N2O are potentially problematic for this technology. All such emission control technologies require the effective scavenging and containment of the anesthetics during use, but the limited available information suggests that fugitive emissions into the operating room may be a significant route for unmitigated losses of approximately 50% of the used fluranes into the environment. A better understanding and quantification of such fugitive emissions is needed to help minimize these releases. Further cost–benefit and techno-economic analyses are also needed to identify strategies and best practices for the future.

Eighth IEEE Conference on Control Technology and Applications [Conference Reports

Eighth IEEE Conference on Control Technology and Applications [Conference Reports

Impact of Metabolites from Foodborne Pathogens on Cancer

Foodborne pathogens are microorganisms that cause illness through contamination, presenting significant risks to public health and food safety. This review explores the metabolites produced by these pathogens, including toxins and secondary metabolites, and their implications for human health, particularly concerning cancer risk. We examine various pathogens such as Salmonella sp., Campylobacter sp., Escherichia coli, and Listeria monocytogenes, detailing the specific metabolites of concern and their carcinogenic mechanisms. This study discusses analytical techniques for detecting these metabolites, such as chromatography, spectrometry, and immunoassays, along with the challenges associated with their detection. This study covers effective control strategies, including food processing techniques, sanitation practices, regulatory measures, and emerging technologies in pathogen control. This manuscript considers the broader public health implications of pathogen metabolites, highlighting the importance of robust health policies, public awareness, and education. This review identifies research gaps and innovative approaches, recommending advancements in detection methods, preventive strategies, and policy improvements to better manage the risks associated with foodborne pathogens and their metabolites.

A novel antifungal peptide, SP1.2, from Rhodopseudomonas palustris against the rice blast pathogen.

Rice blast has a significant detrimental impact on rice yields, so developing efficient biological control technologies is an effective means for rice blast prevention and control. The GroEL protein has proven to be effective at preventing and managing the pathogenicity of rice blast. Here, we analyzed the amino acid sequence of the GroEL protein and synthesized the '60 kDa chaperonin signature' (350-373 amino acids) peptide SP1.2, which has potent antifungal activity. Notably, the SP1.2 peptide exhibited potent fungicidal activity against Magnaporthe oryzae, effectively inhibiting appressorium germination. Electron microscopy revealed that SP1.2 disrupted the fungal plasma membrane and bound to multiple bioactive phosphoinositides in vitro, triggering the production of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, it also caused an increase in the acetylation of M. oryzae and induced autophagy in cells. The spray application of SP1.2 significantly reduced the number of disease spots caused by the fungal pathogen M. oryzae in rice, enhancing the defense response of rice plants. Field trials showed that the control effect was 64.59% after spraying SP1.2. Our study illustrates the antifungal activity of the structurally unique SP1.2 peptide against plant fungal pathogens and paves the way for the future development of this class of peptides as antifungal agents. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Research on roll profile thermal-force driving characteristics and joint control strategy in the multi-zone roll profile electromagnetic control technology

Roll profile electromagnetic control technology (RPECT) is a new roll gap shape control technology that can flexibly control the roll profile to meet the flatness control requirements of cold rolling mill. As basic control elements, electromagnetic sticks (ES) can drive the local zone bulging of electromagnetic control roll (ECR) to generate thermal-force contribution roll profiles. Due to the high order profile defects in the thin-gauge strip rolling process, the requirement of roll gap shape control in cold rolling mills is usually characterized by multi-zone and micro-scale. Therefore, a multi-zone roll profile electromagnetic control technology is proposed in this paper, which includes a multi-zone joint control strategy and a parameter preset method for basic control elements targeting roll profile. To conduct the parameterized impact analysis of stick distance and multi-stick control modes, a multi-zone joint control simulation model is established. Through the simulation analysis, the results show that it is feasible to use multiple basic control elements to adjust the multi-zone roll profile in the mechanism of action, and the total roll profile curve can be equivalent to the superposition of the individual bulging curve of different basic control elements with different space-time parameters. Meanwhile, the reasonable distance setting can effectively avoid the instability of thermal contribution roll profile control caused by too small distance between sticks and too strong thermal bulging driving. For the double-stick control mode or the three-stick control mode, using different temperature control method can assist ECR to realize the roll profile control goal that the low-order roll profile of the basic control element is superimposed to construct the high-order roll profile curve. According to strip flatness electromagnetic control experiment, the multi-zone joint control of RPECT can adjust the flatness defects above 100 IU to flat state, and can flexibly regulate local shape problems and control local buckling.

MANAGING FRAUD IN CONTEMPORARY BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT, THE ROLE OF INFORMATION SECURITY MANAGEMENT: A STUDY OF QUOTED DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS (DMBS) IN NIGERIA

Every economy relies on the banking sector to boost economic growth and development because of its intermediary role. However, the Nigerian banking sector has been plagued with the risk of fraud which has led to the loss of huge amounts of money annually. This challenge has put pressure on the management of banks on how best to curb the fraud scourge. Although several studies which relied majorly on the traditional method of fraud management have been carried out on how to reduce the frequent occurrence of fraud in the banking sector, the problem persists. Therefore, this study took a different approach to examine the role of information security management on fraud risk management in Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in Nigeria. The study employed a survey research design. The population of the study was 1,030 staff of the Internal Control, Internal Audit and Information Technology departments of DMBs in Nigeria. A sample size of 288 was determined using Taro Yamane’s formula. The respondents were purposively selected from 12 listed banks as at 31st January 2024 due to the role they play in fraud risk management. A structured and validated questionnaire was distributed and 99.7% response rate was achieved. Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficients for the constructs ranged from 0.864 to 0.952. Descriptive and inferential (multiple regression) statistics were used to analyze the data. Utilizing a regression model, the research examines three key proxies of information security management: Application Security Control (ASC), Access/Authentication Control (AAC), and Network Security Control (NSC) and one proxy (Fraud risk governance - FRG) for fraud risk management The model reveals that both ASC and AAC have significant positive effects on FRG, with coefficients of 0.216 and 0.247, respectively, while NSC, with a coefficient of 0.080, does not significantly influence FRG. The model's adjusted 𝑅2 value of 18.9% indicates that these controls collectively explain a modest portion of the variability in FRG, suggesting the presence of other influential factors. The findings highlight that strengthening ASC and AAC can substantially enhance fraud risk governance in Nigerian DMBs, whereas NSC requires further investigation to understand its role. The significance of the overall model, supported by an F-statistic of 21.939 (p 0.05), underscores the importance of integrated information security management in mitigating fraud risks. Additionally, the study aligns with existing literature advocating for the integration of advanced information security management and traditional fraud management methods. The study recommended that the board of directors of DMBs as part of its oversight function should periodically review the overall fraud risk management framework of the bank to ensure it is current, adequate and effective.

Pressure chamber fault diagnosis model design based on segmented control and adaptive fuzzy neural network

With the advent of the information age, the evolution of aerospace technology has rendered high-altitude flights increasingly common and vital. Nonetheless, the fault diagnosis of the pressure chamber, a crucial aspect of ensuring flight safety, remains an urgent challenge. The integration of segmented control technology in this domain further augments system stability and safety. This paper introduces a fault diagnosis model using EWTLM-FNN framework for monitoring and analyzing the state of the pressure chamber. The EWTLM-FNN framework commences with denoising and filtering of barometric pressure monitoring data to eliminate noise interference, followed by the extraction of frequency-domain modal information using the empirical wavelet transform (EWT). Subsequently, a three-layer Long Short-Term Memory Network conducts a profound analysis of the time and frequency domain features. The extracted features are then input into a fuzzy neural network (FNN) for fault identification and diagnosis, thus achieving high-precision monitoring of pressure chamber faults. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed EWTLM-FNN framework exhibits superior fault diagnosis performance across multiple barometric pressure monitoring datasets, achieving over 90% diagnostic accuracy on the self-constructed pressure chamber fault dataset, and surpassing all indices compared to traditional machine learning and single deep learning models, thereby providing a theoretical and methodological foundation for future aircraft pressure fault diagnosis.

Advanced passive technologies for double-glazed windows daylight and solar control and their performance investigation: A review

Advanced passive technologies for double-glazed windows daylight and solar control and their performance investigation: A review

HYDRA RoS: Large-Scale Production of a Vacuum Tube Collector With an Innovative Hydraulic Design - Robust Manufacturing Process by Rotary Draw Bending and Induction Brazing

Solar thermal systems, especially in district heating networks, are crucial to achieving climate neutrality in Germany's heat supply by 2045. The joint project HYDRA RoS, funded by the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Protection (Germany), focuses on the development of high-efficiency solar thermal collector concepts for series production with the aim of optimising material and energy use, field hydraulics and control technology. A key component of the project is the use of vacuum tube collectors with CPC (Compound Parabolic Concentrator) reflectors, such as those of Ritter XL Solar. These collectors have proven to deliver high heat yields and can easily reach temperatures of up to 120 °C. The project introduced a new hydraulic register design for these vacuum tube collectors, which improved efficiency and enabled new field interconnection options. However, the new design presented some manufacturing challenges. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was used to improve the rotary draw bending process and minimise cross-section reductions. Experiments and studies were carried out to achieve a leak-proof connection between the drum connector and the tubes. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were used to model thermal and fluid dynamic behaviour to guide design optimisation. Prototype collectors were fabricated and tested under controlled conditions to assess their hydraulic and thermal performance. The results show that the new design achieves a significant lower hydraulic loss with the same or a little bit higher thermal efficiencies comparable to the current Ritter XL collector series, while significantly simplifying the manufacturing process.

Advancing Healthcare: Intelligent Speech Technology for Transcription, Disease Diagnosis, and Interactive Control of Medical Equipment in Smart Hospitals

Intelligent Speech Technology (IST) is revolutionizing healthcare by enhancing transcription accuracy, disease diagnosis, and medical equipment control in smart hospital environments. This study introduces an innovative approach employing federated learning with Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) neural networks to improve IST performance. Leveraging the “Medical Speech, Transcription, and Intent” dataset from Kaggle, comprising a variety of speech recordings and corresponding medical symptom labels, noise reduction was applied using a Wiener filter to improve audio quality. Feature extraction through MLP and sequence classification with GRU highlighted the model’s robustness and capacity for detailed medical understanding. The federated learning framework enabled collaborative model training across multiple hospital sites, preserving patient privacy by avoiding raw data exchange. This distributed approach allowed the model to learn from diverse, real-world data while ensuring compliance with strict data protection standards. Through rigorous five-fold cross-validation, the proposed Fed MLP-GRU model demonstrated an accuracy of 98.6%, with consistently high sensitivity and specificity, highlighting its reliable generalization across multiple test conditions. In real-time applications, the model effectively performed medical transcription, provided symptom-based diagnostic insights, and facilitated hands-free control of healthcare equipment, reducing contamination risks and enhancing workflow efficiency. These findings indicate that IST, powered by federated neural networks, can significantly improve healthcare delivery, accuracy in patient diagnosis, and operational efficiency in clinical settings. This research underscores the transformative potential of federated learning and advanced neural networks for addressing pressing challenges in modern healthcare and setting the stage for future innovations in intelligent medical technology.

Research and Flight Test on the Terminal Guidance Control Technology for Cruising Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

The Cruising Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (CUAV) exemplifies an advanced system integrating UAV and munitions technology. The primary challenge lies in devising strategies to achieve precision strikes. Achieving precision strikes is a critical combat mission for CUAV and serves as the primary focus of this research. This paper introduces a three-loop pseudo-angle-of-attack acceleration autopilot design with proportional–integral (PI) correction, overcoming the limitations of existing two-loop and three-loop systems. The existing two-loop acceleration autopilot with PI correction suffers from low robustness, whereas the three-loop autopilot exhibits slow response to acceleration deviations. The proposed design overcomes these shortcomings by optimizing the autopilot for high-dynamic and fast-response scenarios. The design methodology leverages pole assignment, referencing the pole co-circle method and accommodating servo bandwidth limitations. A comparison of the designed three-loop acceleration autopilot with PI correction with other acceleration autopilots reveals superior accuracy advantages. The reliability and robustness of the proposed autopilot were validated through flight tests, achieving a drop point accuracy of less than 0.5 m. This study demonstrates the engineering application of a pseudo-angle-of-attack three-loop acceleration autopilot with PI correction, designed using the pole assignment method, on a short-range CUAV. Future efforts will focus on optimizing the autopilot to further enhance its adaptability and robustness.

Application of PID Control Technology in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Abstract. The rapid advancement of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology underscores the essential role of PID (proportional-integral-derivative) control in ensuring flight stability, particularly through precise motor speed adjustments. Thus, this paper systematically analyzes the fundamental principles and limitations of traditional PID control, further highlighting its insufficient adaptability to dynamic external conditions, which includes load fluctuations and wind disturbances. In response to these challenges, it explores adaptive control strategies such as self-tuning PID and fuzzy logic PID, points out how these advanced methods can effectively improve flight stability by dynamically adjusting control parameters, and demonstrates their superiority over traditional PID through comparative analysis. In addition, the paper anticipates future developments in UAV control systems, thereby emphasizing the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies into PID control. And this integration seeks to optimize control strategies and markedly enhance the autonomous decision-making capabilities and adaptability of UAVs. Meanwhile, the paper also predicts the development trend of hybrid control systems, that is, combining PID with other advanced control methods (such as linear quadratic control) to enhance the overall control capabilities of UAVs. In short, it underscores the necessity for continuous innovation and in-depth research in response to the dynamic flight environment and the diverse mission requirements.

Gesture Based Control Technology for Drones: Challenges and Solutions

Gesture-based control systems have become an innovative approach in human-computer interaction, enabling users to operate devices like UAVs using hand movements. These systems generally consist of three main components: sensors to capture movements, gesture recognition algorithms to interpret them, and control interfaces to execute actions. However, several challenges still exist that limit the performance and practicality of these systems. Key problems include accuracy in varying environmental conditions, latency issues caused by sensor overload, and user ergonomics, which can affect usability over time. For instance, sensors like optical cameras and IMUs may struggle in low-light or complex environments, leading to errors in gesture interpretation. Moreover, real-time processing is essential for seamless control, but the high computational demands of machine learning algorithms often lead to delays. This paper explores these challenges in detail and presents solutions, such as using multi-sensor setups to improve data accuracy, implementing adaptive algorithms that can learn and adjust to user behavior, and refining control interfaces with real-time feedback mechanisms to enhance the user experience. Addressing these issues will make gesture-based control systems more efficient, reliable, and user-friendly, enabling wider application across industries like virtual reality, robotics, and military operations.

Pathways for the Construction of Labor Education Courses for Students Major in Measurement and Control

In March 2020, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Opinions on Comprehensively Strengthening Labor Education in Primary and Secondary Schools in the New Era, emphasizing that "fully understand the new requirements for strengthening labor education in the new era to train socialist builders and successors; Comprehensively build a labor education system that reflects the characteristics of The Times; Carry out labor education practice extensively; Efforts to improve labor education support and security ability; Effectively strengthen the organization and implementation of labor education." Therefore, college students' labor education has become a compulsory course for the major of measurement and control technology and instrument. The course is divided into two parts: theoretical study and practical study. In view of the increasing emphasis of the society on college students' labor quality education and the key role of mapping in solving complex engineering problems, the traditional "passing through" theoretical teaching methods and "visiting" practical teaching methods are no longer suitable for the new teaching needs in the contemporary background. Therefore, in order to improve the teaching quality and students' learning effect on this malleable and open knowledge, Changzhou Institute of Technology invited technical directors of representative enterprises in the industry to conduct classroom case analysis and field visits of relevant knowledge, so as to realize the teaching reform of production-education integration in school-enterprise joint teaching. The latest industry status and development trend of measurement and control technology and instrument technology will be brought into the classroom teaching, effectively improve the teaching quality, and deeply cultivate students' labor consciousness.

Variable stroke fatigue test for aircraft landing gears

The fixed stroke fatigue test cannot simulate the real loading conditions of the landing gear, and the variable stroke fatigue test has increasingly become mainstream. A modular test device for fatigue tests for aircraft landing gears was designed, and the automatic control of the buffer stroke was realized with ectopic displacement control technology effectively. The horizontal loading cylinder could follow the wheel axis actively with the displacement active control technology. The follow-up loading along the vertical direction was realized by constructing a polar coordinate system and making the loading line automatic alignment. A split-type dummy wheel was designed to improve the loading accuracy, and a booster cylinder was designed to realize the control loading of high pressure combined with the hydraulic control system. The test results show that the technical scheme meets the design requirements, and the fatigue test was completed successfully. The device for landing gear variable stroke fatigue testing is appropriate for other landing gear static/fatigue tests.