Control Box Research Articles

Hot melt extrusion with low-temperature deposition-coupling control improves the 3D printing accuracy of gelatin/fish pulp recombinant products

The flow properties of original materials directly affect the shape customization of 3D printing. In order to improve the molding quality, the 3D printing equipment was developed, which was characterized by a variable pressure and temperature extrusion unit, a numerical control transmission unit, an extrusion refrigeration unit, and a control box. The optimal pretreatment condition of sturgeon skin was 0.015 M phosphoric acid with higher gel strength (739.27 g), which could be a good substitute for commercial gelatin. The 7% gelatin/fish pulp reconstituted system could exhibit optimum printing properties through an improved 3D printer. The reconstituted system displayed a smoother printing process and superior accuracy during the process of 3D printing, and showed higher apparent viscosity and modulus during the process of cooling and molding. Additionally, the network structure of 3D printing products of reconstituted the gelatin/fish pulp was denser, which showed higher water holding capacity (89.03%), higher hardness (775.64 g), and constant elasticity (0.9853).

Geographic information data processing and physical simulation for power transmission lines

To address the issue of traditional transmission line characteristic parameter testing methods being susceptible to external environmental interference. Proposed a method for processing geographic information data of transmission lines and physical simulation. Firstly, the parameters of the transmission line are tested, a model is established at both ends of the transmission line, and variable frequency signals are collected using 3D GIS technology to develop a lead control box for transmission line parameter testing. Then, the transmission line parameters are calculated online, and real-time voltage and current measurements are conducted at both ends of the transmission line. A zero sequence current simulation diagram of the transmission line is constructed, and circuit parameters are calculated based on the simulation results, Finally, measure the zero sequence parameters of the transmission line using electricity and obtain the zero sequence impedance value of the transmission line using the least squares method. The six zero sequence parameter values were measured in a disturbance environment. The results show that when the power line reaches a certain length, the error of the traditional method has reached 50%, and the testing error of the method studied by the author is less than 3%. The measurement error value of the transmission line characteristic parameter test method based on 3D GIS technology is less than that of the traditional method.

Measurement and Correction of Pointing Error Caused by Radio Telescope Alidade Deformation based on Biaxial Inclination Sensor.

One of the key reasons for the deterioration of antenna pointing accuracy for radio telescopes is the deformation and tilt of antenna alidades, which primarily result from track unevenness and thermal gradients. A high-precision inclinometer measurement system is installed to investigate the tilt of the antenna alidade and the pointing errors caused thermally. An environment control box with a leveling base was designed to reduce the interference of the external environment, which proved to be effective in guaranteeing the zero-point stability and repeat accuracy of the inclinometer. The tilt of the alidade caused by the track unevenness was measured by a test of slowly rotating the antenna along the azimuth at windless nighttime. A 5-day antenna stationary test and a 48 h astronomical pointing error measurement were performed, which proved the inclinometer measurement system is capable of measuring the thermally induced inclinations with acceptable accuracy. Through a preliminary compensation experiment, the pointing error is compensated from 37″ to 12″, which shows that the application of the system has a good effect on improving the pointing accuracy of the antenna. The system with high measurement accuracy, good system stability, and low computational complexity, proves an effective tool for the radio telescope to solve the problem of real-time measurement and compensation for antenna pointing errors.

Field evaluation of electrofishing response thresholds for adult Grass Carp

AbstractObjectiveOptimal electrofishing waveforms and parameters have been established for juvenile Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella in controlled laboratory trials, but effective settings for adult Grass Carp in riverine systems remain to be determined. This work builds upon existing research by making opportunistic use of data collected in the Cuyahoga River, Ohio, to refine power standards for boat electrofishing that is used to target adult Grass Carp.MethodsOver 12 days of boat electrofishing surveys, we used a gradient of voltage settings at various ambient water conductivities to generate an electrofishing goal table for adult Grass Carp.ResultOur target power was 3550 W (1447–6507 W) higher, on average, than the target power recommended in previous studies for coolwater and warmwater fish species with 60 Hz. Results also show that a 40‐A control box is inadequate in locations where ambient water conductivities exceed 576 μS/cm and when power is limited.ConclusionRefining power standards for boat electrofishing that targets Grass Carp may increase catch rates to levels needed to suppress populations in the Great Lakes region and North America.

Design of a New Type of Electrochemical Ceramic Membrane Oxygen Production System

In order to solve the problem that the existing oxygen production technology cannot simultaneously produce pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen, ultra-pure oxygen, and the modular expansion of oxygen production capacity, a new type of electrochemical ceramic membrane oxygen production system was discussed and developed. Through the design of the ceramic membrane stack, airflow distributor, heater, double spiral exchanger, thermal insulation sleeve, control panel, control box and auxiliary system in the electrochemical ceramic membrane oxygen generator, a modular oxygen production system is formed. The modular design can produce pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen and ultra-pure oxygen to meet various oxygen consumption needs. The electrochemical ceramic membrane oxygen production system is a new type of oxygen production technology. The main components have no moving parts, no noise, and no pollution. It can produce pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen and ultra-pure oxygen on site, with small size, light weight, and module combination which is suitable for convenient expansion and installation of oxygen consumption.

Design and Research of Wearable Fall Protection Device for the Elderly

A protective device was designed that can be worn on the elderly, which consists of protective airbag, control box and protective mechanism. The combined acceleration, combined angular velocity and human posture angle are selected as the parameters to determine the fall, and the threshold algorithm and SVM algorithm are used to detect the fall. The protective mechanism is an inflatable device based on CO2 compressed air cylinder, and the equal-width cam structure is applied to its transmission part to improve the puncture efficiency of the compressed gas cylinder. A fall experiment was designed to obtain the combined acceleration and angular velocity eigenvalues of fall actions (forward fall, backward fall and lateral fall) and daily activities (sitting-standing, walking, jogging and walking up and down stairs), showing that the specificity and sensitivity of the protection module reached 92.1% and 84.4% respectively, which verified the feasibility of the fall protection device.

Handheld Device for Noncontact Thermometry via Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance of Proximate Diamond Sensors

Optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) spectroscopy of defect-rich semiconductors is being increasingly exploited for realising a variety of practical quantum sensing devices. A prime example is the on-going development of compact magnetometers based on the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defect in diamond for the remote sensing of magnetic signals with high accuracy and sensitivity. In these applications, the ODMR-active material is integrated into the overall apparatus to form a self-contained sensor. However, some emerging applications require the sensing material to be in physical contact with an external object of interest, thus requiring an independent readout device. Here we present an ODMR-meter, a compact device specially designed to allow convenient, contactless monitoring of ODMR in a target object, and demonstrate its application to temperature monitoring with NV defects. Our prototype is composed of a handheld readout head (integrating all the necessary optical components and a microwave antenna) and a control box connected to a laptop computer, all made primarily from commercial off-the-shelf components. We test our device using an NV-rich bulk diamond as the object, demonstrate a temperature sensitivity of $10~{\rm mK}/\sqrt{\rm Hz}$ in static conditions, and demonstrate the feasibility of handheld operation. The limitations to measurement speed, sensitivity and accuracy are discussed. The presented device may find immediate use in medical and industrial applications where accurate thermometry is required, and can be extended to magnetic field measurements.

A Temperature Control Method of Electric Heating Furnace Based on Fuzzy PID

The traditional PID control method has a series of problems such as overshoot or static error. This paper takes the electric heating furnace temperature control system as the background, combines the fuzzy algorithm to design the fuzzy PID system, and uses the MATLAB fuzzy control box to set up the fuzzy reasoning system and the fuzzy rule table., and use the Simulink platform to build the temperature control system simulation model of ordinary PID and fuzzy PID, and verify the influence of parameters on the system.

Design and development of a SLPM-based deployable robot

AbstractWith the progress of industry, people are facing more and more complicated tasks, which cannot be completed by conventional rigid robot. For this, a deployable robot based on spherical linkage parallel mechanism was proposed to satisfy relevant requirements for the degrees of freedom in this study. Based on the design of robot model and its control box, a mathematical model for the robot was established, and the relationship between motion space and drive space was deduced accordingly. Subsequently, a control system consisting of the upper and lower computers was introduced. Two control modes, that is, Joystick control and remote control, were developed. The upper computer control interface for the robot was completed by MATLAB construction. At last, the two control modes as well as autonomous detection were demonstrated by motion test. This achievement will further advance the applications of deployable robot in job aid and intelligent exploration.

Optimization design of Three-phase balanced power supply for vehicle mobile power

This paper analyzed the harm of three-phase unbalanced power supply of vehicle mobile power supply to generator set electrical equipment and communication system, and the cause of the harm is analyzed. The three-phase balance control box is designed by adopting the design concept of “three input one output” and “rectifier inverter”. Through the comparison of the experimental data, the feasibility of the three-phase balance control box for the three-phase balance adjustment of the external power supply of the vehicle mobile power supply is verified, so as to achieves the optimization of the three-phase balance power supply and improves the reliability and safety of the external power supply of the vehicle mobile power supply.

Underwater 3D Scanning System for Cultural Heritage Documentation

Three-dimensional capturing of underwater archeological sites or sunken shipwrecks can support important documentation purposes. In this study, a novel 3D scanning system based on structured illumination is introduced, which supports cultural heritage documentation and measurement tasks in underwater environments. The newly developed system consists of two monochrome measurement cameras, a projection unit that produces aperiodic sinusoidal fringe patterns, two flashlights, a color camera, an inertial measurement unit (IMU), and an electronic control box. The opportunities and limitations of the measurement principles of the 3D scanning system are discussed and compared to other 3D recording methods such as laser scanning, ultrasound, and photogrammetry, in the context of underwater applications. Some possible operational scenarios concerning cultural heritage documentation are introduced and discussed. A report on application activities in water basins and offshore environments including measurement examples and results of the accuracy measurements is given. The study shows that the new 3D scanning system can be used for both the topographic documentation of underwater sites and to generate detailed true-scale 3D models including the texture and color information of objects that must remain under water.

Design and Evaluation of ACFC—An Automatic Cloud/Fog Collector

Cloud and fog droplets are essential in atmospheric chemistry since they affect the distribution and chemical transformation of pollutants. Collecting sufficient volumes using cloud/fog samplers is the premise of cloud fog chemical studies. Accurate identification of fog events and high collection efficiency are the basic principles of sampler design. Therefore, an automatic cloud/fog collector (ACFC) has been designed, fabricated, and extensively tested for collecting samples of cloud/fog water. The control box and standard sensors for air temperature, relative humidity, and instantaneous rainfall were used to ensure sampling automation. Airflow measurement was used to guarantee the stability of the airspeed on the inlet section, and the airspeed is 7.5 m s−1. Moreover, the median collection rate of ACFC was 160–220 mL h−1, which was tested via a simulation experiment. To evaluate the actual performance of the device in the field, we obtained eight samples of cloud fog water from Shanghuang Observatory in eastern China from the summer through the fall of 2022. Collection rates varied from 62 to 169 mL h−1. For a cloud/fog sampler equipped with multiple sensors, the ACFC has excellent sampling efficiency in thick fog, sufficient cloud fog water samples can be collected in weak fog, and it can precisely identify fog mingled with rain.

Design of Running in Control Platform for Tracking Turntable

The tracking turntable is an important device in a laser digital sight. In the normal operation of the sight, the flatness and smoothness of the turntable are the necessary conditions for the stable operation of the system. In this paper, for the problem of improving the operation accuracy of the turntable, a set of special processes and equipment is developed through the electrical and structural design. After the processing, the control box runs the turntable for a certain time, which can remove the tooth height and burr, and improve the transmission stability and transmission accuracy.

Finger Flexion and Extension Driven by a Single Motor in Robotic Glove Design

Pneumatic and tendon‐driven actuators are widely used in soft robotic glove design. Tendon‐driven robotic gloves are generally better in controllability, dexterity, and force output, but they are less comfortable than pneumatic ones. Most soft gloves focus on only one actuation mode where either motor‐driven tendon or pump‐driven pneumatic transmission is used. Herein, a double‐acting soft actuator (DASA) that provides both tendon‐driven flexion and pneumatic extension of fingers by a single motor is presented. This is achieved by a smart pulley and bellow system. The kinematic model of the tendon‐driven flexion and the torque model of the fabric‐based pneumatic extension actuator (FPEA) are developed to analyze the DASA performance. The bending angle of the index finger actuated by the tendon and the FPEA extension torque of a joint are characterized by experimental studies. A cycle test of the DASA is conducted 3000 times, demonstrating its high repeatability. A prototype soft glove (68 g) based on the proposed DASA with a control box (835 g) is fabricated to demonstrate finger flexion and extension assistance. Based on electromyography signals, the performance of the robotic glove is evaluated by a squeezing sponge test.

Deriving Multiple-Layer Information from a Motion-Sensing Mattress for Precision Care.

Bed is often the personal care unit in hospitals, nursing homes, and individuals' homes. Rich care-related information can be derived from the sensing data from bed. Patient fall is a significant issue in hospitals, many of which are related to getting in and/or out of bed. To prevent bed falls, a motion-sensing mattress was developed for bed-exit detection. A machine learning algorithm deployed on the chip in the control box of the mattress identified the in-bed postures based on the on/off pressure pattern of 30 sensing areas to capture the users' bed-exit intention. This study aimed to explore how sleep-related data derived from the on/off status of 30 sensing areas of this motion-sensing mattress can be used for multiple layers of precision care information, including wellbeing status on the dashboard and big data analysis for living pattern clustering. This study describes how multiple layers of personalized care-related information are further derived from the motion-sensing mattress, including real-time in-bed/off-bed status, daily records, sleep quality, prolonged pressure areas, and long-term living patterns. Twenty-four mattresses and the smart mattress care system (SMCS) were installed in a dementia nursing home in Taiwan for a field trial. Residents' on-bed/off-bed data were collected for 12 weeks from August to October 2021. The SMCS was developed to display care-related information via an integrated dashboard as well as sending reminders to caregivers when detecting events such as bed exits and changes in patients' sleep and living patterns. The ultimate goal is to support caregivers with precision care, reduce their care burden, and increase the quality of care. At the end of the field trial, we interviewed four caregivers for their subjective opinions about whether and how the SMCS helped their work. The caregivers' main responses included that the SMCS helped caregivers notice the abnormal situation for people with dementia, communicate with family members of the residents, confirm medication adjustments, and whether the standard care procedure was appropriately conducted. Future studies are suggested to focus on integrated care strategy recommendations based on users' personalized sleep-related data.

Rodent odour bait: A new bumble bee conservation tool to enhance nest box occupancy

Abstract Bumble bee conservation focuses on supplementing floral resources. Yet, nesting site availability is linked to bumble bee abundance. As a supplement to natural nest sites, nest boxes could be deployed and baited with synthetic lures. As queen bumble bees reportedly establish colonies in abandoned rodent burrows, we hypothesized (1) that queen bumble bees sense, and behaviourally respond to, rodent odour, and (2) that lures of synthetic rodent odour can guide spring queens to nest boxes. We collected headspace odorants from bedding soiled with urine and faeces of house mice, Mus musculus, and identified the 10 odorants that elicited responses from queen antennae. To field‐test attraction of queens to mouse excreta odorants, we tree‐mounted paired nest boxes in florally rich locations, and assigned clean and soiled bedding, respectively, to one box in each pair. Queens established colonies in 17 mouse‐scented boxes and in six unscented boxes. This 43% occupancy rate of mouse‐scented boxes represents a significant improvement over the 10% occupancy rate common for unscented boxes. In a further field experiment, we baited one box in each pair with a synthetic mouse odour lure and found that queens established colonies in 13 baited boxes and in six unbaited control boxes. Specifically, Bombus mixtus established seven colonies in baited boxes and only one colony in an unbaited box. With this proof‐of‐concept that synthetic lures can guide queens to nest boxes, we anticipate that bumble bee conservation programs will soon be able to offer both expanded floral resources and baited nest boxes readily detectable by queens.

Continuously-deformable and stiffness-tunable soft manipulator achieving unmanned COVID-19 pandemic sampling

In recent years, COVID-19 has spread across the whole world, and manpowered collection of pharyngeal samples undoubtedly increases the possibility of cross-infections. In this article, based on our previous fabricated soft manipulator (Cell Reports Physical Science, 2021, 2, 100600), we performed the COVID-19 sampling on real human volunteers by exploiting a pre-programmed unmanned system. The unmanned sampling system mainly includes a soft manipulator and a rigid motion platform, which are adjusted by pneumatic control box and the motor control modules, respectively. Drawn on the lead-through teaching method, the unmanned sampling of COVID-19 is realized by recording the applied pressure in soft manipulator and the feed motion of rigid platform. This research provides a potential approach for unmanned COVID-19 sampling, solving the risk of cross-infection during manual collection.

Alternative Ways of LNG Transportation Selection and Risk Management in Perspective of Bangladesh: A Case Study

One of the nations with the densest populations is Bangladesh. The nation's energy use is increasing progressively. One of the greenest forms of energy is LNG. Natural gas, a liquefied gas, uses ultra-low temperatures and purification. In this study, the assessment of LNG carrier vehicles was evaluated from the perspective of Bangladesh. A cryogenic liquid tanker truck, called an LNG carrier vehicle, was found in the survey to carry liquefied natural gas in an environment with extremely low temperatures. Even though LNG is flammable, explosive, cryogenic, and has other characteristics, the safety design of an LNG carrier vehicle is crucial for the security of road transportation. Time consumption analysis and economic section analysis were conducted, and the truck was found to be the ultimate solution. LNG cryogenic liquid storage tanks, trailer running gear, piping systems, a control box, and other parts are often found in LNG carrier vehicles. Utilizing statistical tools, the validity of the survey and its findings will be evaluated by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The safety design study for these two systems was the topic of this work. A report on the compatibility of the best method for transporting LNG within all feasible safety conditions will be made possible by the research.

A newly designed decoupling method for micro-Newton thrust measurement.

A decoupling method is proposed for micro-Newton thrust measurement with a torsion pendulum. The basic approach is to reduce the influences introduced by the propellant tube and wires of the thruster. A hollow aluminum tube is used to hang the torsion pendulum and is also chosen as the transport pipe for the propellant of the thruster. The electric control box of the thruster is mounted on the pendulum body, which is powered by an externally installed power supply through a liquid metal conductive unit. The control of the electric control box is performed through wireless transmission. With this design, the influences of the propellant tube and connection wires between the torsion pendulum and the outside device are reduced and the stability of the torsion spring constant of the system can be improved. The use of the liquid metal conductive unit reduces the coupling between the wires and the measurement system. The feasibility of the wireless transmission is analyzed. The error sources during the thrust measurement are analyzed, and the expected three σ uncertainty of the thrust is 0.032+(0.10%*F)2μN for the measurement of the cold gas thruster. The scheme provides a thrust measurement with higher precision and stability.

Effects of Zero Suck-back Control Box (ZSCB) on prevention of external contaminants suction by various handpieces

치과용 고속 공기터빈 핸드피스는 압축공기로 핸드피스 내부의 임펠러가 회전하면서 작동하지만 동력이 되는 압축공기의 유입을 멈추더라도 관성회전으로 인해 임펠러가 회전하며 핸드피스 내부에 음압이 생기며(역류흡인) 환자 구강의 유기물과 미생물이 핸드피스 내부뿐만 아니라 핸드피스와 연결된 다른 부분에도 유입되어 오염의 원인이 된다. 본 연구에서는 핸드피스의 역류흡인 현상을 방지하고자 개발된 Zero Suck-back Control Box(ZSCB) 장치를 서로 다른 다섯 개 핸드피스에 적용하여 시험하고자 하였다. 대기중에서 서로 다른 다섯 개 핸드피스에 ZSCB를 적용 또는 적용하지 않고 구동한 후 멈추었을때 역류흡인 현상의 유무를 관찰하였다. 또한 구강 내 환경을 모방하기위해 형광용액을 사용하여 핸드피스를 구동했을때 핸드피스 역류흡인 현상으로인해 내부로 유입되는 형광용액을 관찰하였다. 서로 다른 핸드피스를 ZSCB와 함께 작동한 결과, 외부 오염물질 흡입 현상을 방지하는 데 효과적이었다. 본 연구에서 수행한 두 가지 다른 실험에서 ZSCB의 사용은 대기 중 상태와 침지 상태 모두에서 역류흡입 현상을 예방하는 효과를 보였다.