Significance quest; Understanding the psychology of husband's intimate partner violence towards wives

ABSTRACT Technology-facilitated abuse is a widely recognised tactic of family violence and has specific implications when seeking crisis accommodation. Through content analysis of case files, which examined key features of risk assessment, safety planning, and interventions to support survivor safety, three case studies are presented. These cases illustrate both the complexity and variation in tactics of technology-facilitated abuse experienced by victim survivors accessing crisis accommodation. The findings identified a continuum of tactics of technology-facilitated abuse employed by persons using violence, carrying varying implications for survivor risk and ongoing safety. Overall, we suggest there remains a need for professional development to support family violence specialists responding to this continuum of tactics inherent in technology-facilitated abuse in family violence contexts. IMPLICATIONS Victim survivors fleeing high-risk family violence have multiple support needs in order to secure their digital devices, location information, and accounts. Family violence crisis accommodation provides both a context of increased risk associated with technology-facilitated abuse, and an opportunity for safe intervention that can address current risk and future safety. Increased family violence practitioner training and additional resources on technology-facilitated abuse could help facilitate survivor awareness and safety in casework.

This paper presents a research agenda on intraparty violence, identifying patterns distinct from electoral and nomination violence. I first develop a refined conceptual framework of linking intraparty violence to related concepts, then follow it to code intraparty violent events using the ACLED data. The analysis reveals three key empirical patterns: the relative levels of intra- vs. interparty violence vary considerably across countries in Africa and South Asia; in some contexts, intraparty violence constitutes a large share of party violence; and it is not merely confined to nomination periods but may occur throughout the electoral cycle. I also present an illustrative case study of Bangladesh, the highest intraparty violence context, which confirms the dominant presence of intraparty violence and its unique temporal placement and triggers.

Rejection sensitivity as a mechanism linking childhood maltreatment and peer rejection to adolescent dating violence.

This study argues that violence and aggression cannot be explained solely by individual psychological tendencies; rather, they emerge as a consequence of the erosion of social norms, conflicts between values, and structural inequalities. From a sociological perspective, violence is multidimensional phenomenon that must be examined both at the micro level (everyday interactions, identity negotiations) and at the macro level (institutional arrangements, economic-political structures). The paper analyses the social context of violence through Durkheim’s concept of anomie, Weber’s discussions on legitimacy, and postmodern theories of discourse. These approaches demonstrate that violence is not merely deviance but also a social practice that exposes the fragility of normative order. Social learning theory and cultural representation analyses reveal that aggression is produced not by individual impulses but through processes of social interaction. Media, popular culture and political discourse reproduce and legitimise aggression. Violence and aggression undermine social trust and weaken collective solidarity, while simultaneously bringing demands for justice, equality and freedom to the fore. In this sense, violence assumes both a destructive and a transformative social function. The study emphasises that preventing violence requires the reconstruction of normative order, inclusive educational policies, media accountability, and the strengthening of practices of social solidarity. Keywords: Violence, aggression, normative breakdown, cultural conflict, structural dynamics.

Abstract In Abdulrazak Gurnah’s novels set in German East Africa, German colonialism is portrayed as violent, with administrators, military personnel, plantation overseers, and missionaries all engaging in acts of violence towards East Africans. Of these groups, the figure of the missionary is the most ambivalent, given that Christianity had both protective as well as culturally damaging functions in colonial spaces. This article provides a historical contextualisation of German missionary presence in German East Africa around 1900 and thereby productively complicates the role of missionaries and places them within the broader context of colonial violence in German East Africa. It examines the use of German within mission schools to contextualise the use of the German language in the novel as well as the ways in which missionaries were engaged in epistemic violence. In a third section, the article examines some of the ways in which German missionary societies contributed to the colonial revisionist movement – a movement that is described in the last chapter of Afterlives . This article reflects on how German missionary groups tried to keep their legacies alive in post-war Germany by creating memories of the former German colonies and thus provides context for the transnational and multilingual entanglements of the novel Afterlives .

Abstract: WHEN A BLACK MAN DIES investigates father-daughter relationships within the context of generational violence and trauma caused by interpersonal and societal racism, and offers the traditional black family, and the presence of love that come from it, as a countermeasure to oppression. HYPERBOLIC OVEREXAGGERATION IS MY VICTIMIZATION is a first-person, voice-driven or language-driven poem that confronts how the presence of racism informs and, perhaps, corrupts, how "well-meaning" white people behave deceptively toward black people (and one another) and are culpable in maintaining a system of oppression that sacrifices truth and honesty for false platitudes of love.

The concept of human security, first articulated by Mahbub-ul-Haq in the United Nations Development Programme's Human Development Report in 1994, emphasizes freedom from fear and freedom from want as cardinal principles, positioning individuals as the primary referent in security discourse. As artificial intelligence systems rapidly proliferate across Indonesia, these foundational human security concerns have manifested in distinctly gendered dimensions that demand urgent regulatory attention. This article examines the critical intersection between gender, human security, and AI governance in Indonesia's evolving regulatory landscape. Through systematic analysis of algorithmic discrimination cases affecting Indonesian women, particularly in the gig economy and online gender-based violence contexts, this research establishes the imperative for integrating gendered human security frameworks into national AI regulation. The study employs doctrinal legal research methodology combined with intersectional feminist analysis to propose a three-pillar regulatory model encompassing gender-responsive Smart Mix Approach, mandatory Human Rights Due Diligence, and gender-sensitive Regulatory Sandbox mechanisms. Findings reveal significant gender bias in AI systems, with online gender-based violence cases surging by 80.8 percent in 2024. The article argues that constitutional obligations under Indonesia's 1945 Constitution necessitate explicit gender mainstreaming in AI governance to protect women's fundamental rights from algorithmic discrimination.

In this Special Feature for City: Scenes Sounds Action, we bring together a series of multimodal essays by academics, artists, and activists who are experimenting with creative methods to examine and represent violence in and to urban places, and through urban development. The contributors have taken Mayssa Jallad’s 2023 concept album, Marjaa: The Battle of the Hotels, as inspiration for this collection. Marjaa tells two parallel stories of urban violence in Lebanon: the weaponisation of architecture during the civil war, and the violence of post-war urban reconstruction. In this introductory essay, we also use Marjaa as an entry point into current debates about how to record and examine violence in and to the urban, and how to make violent acts legible, so they can inform resistance. We therefore also speak back to the notions of structural and slow violence, in relation to urban planning and development, their entanglements with direct violence, and the challenges they pose to understanding and representing violence. To frame this diverse collection, our framing essay expands on three intersecting themes: the materiality and immateriality of violence (what violence feels, sounds and looks like, and how it is enacted through urban material and immaterial entities); the temporalities and rhythms of violence (the histories and futures of violence, and the (dis)continuous, (un)expected and disruptive rhythms of violence); and the resistances and solidarities that respond to violence (including the connections that emerge between authors, authors and collaborators, and between people in violent contexts). Since writing about violence is itself a political act, we discuss these recurring themes in relation to the contemporary urbicide enacted by the Israeli regime on Palestine and Lebanon, before connecting them to the particular cases of violence across diverse geographies dealt with in the Special Feature.

Abstract Stanley Milgram's Obedience to authority experiments are widely known to have demonstrated the human proclivity to follow violent orders coming from a legitimate authority. The present paper examines the extent to which Milgram's participants, during the obedient phase of their sessions, did in fact follow the full set of instructions that was given by the experimenter: a recursive sequence of procedures in a fake laboratory experiment on “Memory and learning.” Results show that while participants did not fail to administer electric shocks, (1) no entirely “fully obedient” participant fully obeyed the procedures Milgram's experimenter instructed them to do; (2) violations of the procedures occurred on average 48.4% of the time in “fully obedient” sessions; and (3) violations occurred significantly more frequently in “fully obedient” than in the obedient phase of “disobedient” sessions. In sum, in sessions traditionally regarded as fully obedient legitimate violence got to a substantial extent transformed into illegitimate violence. The paper concludes with the possibility that, the context of illegitimate violence that has been constructed implicitly by the experimenter constituted a coercive environment and thus made a causal contribution to obedient participants' inability to resist the experimenter to the point of disobedience.

Contemporary case reports, such as the 2020 quadruple homicide of Hannah Clarke and her three children in Queensland, Australia, have brought renewed attention to the use of fire as a lethal weapon in Domestic and Family Violence (DFV), particularly in Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) contexts. Despite high-profile incidents, criminological literature has not empirically examined recent trends in fire-related homicides in Australia. Prior studies, using data from the National Homicide Monitoring Program (NHMP), compared periods between 1989–2005 and 2005–2010, which highlighted a 44% increase in fire-related homicides between 1991–2000 and 2001–2010, but trend analysis has not been completed post 2010. This study updates the evidence across 1989–1990 to 2022–2023 with a specific focus on cases where fire is used as the primary weapon, referred to as Primary Fire Homicide (PFH). The study pays particular attention to incidents occurring within DFV and IPV environments, where emotional motivation and power dynamics are key drivers to violence. Using NHMP data, this research provides updated insights into national trends and patterns of PFH, which can be used to inform policy formulation as well as investigative procedures for fire-related homicide.

ABSTRACT The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) systems into societal domains particularly the legal and criminal justice decision-making demands scrutinity of potential biases in outputs. AI tools assist predictive policing, risk assessment, sentencing recommendations and legal research. This requires ah examination of potential sources of bias in AI systems’ responses and recommendations. This study investigates prompt framing’s impact on AI sentencing recommendations and offender community threat perceptions. We systematically tested six leading AI models – Copilot, Gemini, GPT, Grok, Mistral, and Perplexity – using identical case scenarios of second-degree aggravated assault in a domestic violence contexts one featuring a male offender and one a female offender. The findings reveal that prompt framing shape AI outputs. Notably, we observed differential treatment based on offender gender, with female offenders consistently receiving lower sentencing recommendations and threat ratings despite the scenarios being factually identical. We discuss these findings in terms of the implications for the relevance of framing and the potential perpetuation of gender bias within AI systems.

This study examines the sociopragmatic and discursive functions of 67 copies of the newspaper P.M. from Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, on the U.S.-Mexico border. Through qualitative analysis, this study reveals the rhetorical and discursive strategies of diminutive and augmentative suffixes as part of humorous sociopragmatic styles in Mexican border Caló. Our results show that while these linguistic practices reflect a working-class solidarity within a context of systemic violence, they also reinforce heteronormative and patriarchal perspectives. These strategies are framed under the concept we propose here as galantería falsa (mock gallantry), which refers to covert forms of sexism articulated through humor pretending endearment. This study, although limited to a corpus of this type of stereotypical heteronormative suffixes, highlights how language and discourse in sensationalist media play a major role in reproducing harmful gender stereotypes and norms in society.

This article examines the Pastor Sexual Exploitation Framework, developed from the lived experiences of adult congregation members who were victims of sexual violence perpetrated by pastors or church leaders within Evangelical and Pentecostal Christian faith communities in Australia. Sexual grooming and coercion of adults by pastors remain under-researched phenomena, with no comprehensive examination or national data on the patterns and tactics used by pastors to coerce sexual activity from adults within their congregations. This exploratory study addresses this gap by drawing from the responses of thirty-three participants who completed an online survey, which included both closed and open-ended questions. The findings reveal a clear pattern of ongoing grooming tactics and coercive controlling behaviours that lead to the systemic entrapment of adult congregation members. Furthermore, significant harms were reported, impacting the respondents’ spiritual, psychological, physical, relational, financial, and emotional well-being. This research frames pastor sexual misconduct involving adult congregation members as sexual coercion and sexual exploitation, placing their experiences within the context of gender-based sexual violence.

Objective: This article explores how speculative fiction can imagine multispecies forms of life from an ecofeminist, queer, and posthuman perspective. Through a comparative analysis of Princess Mononoke (Miyazaki, 1997), Annihilation (Garland, 2018), and the comic Monstress (Liu & Takeda, 2019), the study examines how these narratives depict entangled relationships between bodies, species, and systems of organization within contexts of ecological collapse and systemic violence. Methodology: The article employs an analytical-interpretative methodology grounded in queer ecofeminism, posthumanism, and multispecies studies. From this perspective, it analyzes the forms of coexistence, agency, and transformation that emerge beyond anthropocentric paradigms, approaching fiction as a critical and speculative site for reimagining life and relationality. Results: Findings reveal that these works construct posthuman imaginaries in which agency is distributed among human and nonhuman actors. Rather than portraying ecological catastrophe as a definitive rupture, these fictions treat it as a space of possibility for metamorphosis and renewal. Monstrosity, hybridity, and ruin appear as forces that destabilize the boundaries between nature and culture, opening paths to rethink corporeality and interspecies interdependence. Conclusions: Ultimately, the article argues that speculative fiction offers a critical and poetic framework to fabulate new alliances among species and to conceive relational modes of existence that resist anthropocentric logic. These narratives not only expose ecological collapse but also reconfigure it as fertile ground for imagining alternative futures for the Latin American context, by cohabitating in the world beyond moderni, anthropocentric and extractivist logics

This article examines tropes of the unknown and Swedish gender exceptionalism using a series of photographs taken in the Brazilian state of Acre in 2008. Upon publication, the photos sparked sensation worldwide for supposedly depicting a community ‘untouched’ by the outside world. In Sweden, they came to be particularly understood within a discourse of gender equality. Drawing on, among others, Sara Ahmed’s concept of ‘strangerness’, Alcida Ramos’ ‘hyperreal Indian’, and studies of gender exceptionalism in Sweden, the article places the photos and their reception in a wider context of colonial violence, complicity and denial of coevalness. In an effort to widen the perspective on the continuing life of non-colonized communities, the article further argues that even while justified and necessary, critique of colonial tropes of the unknown risks reproducing a conflation of the modern with the present that keeps foreclosing the possibilities of other worlds. Instead, in a final reflection, the article turns to the mobilisation of Indigenous women in Brazil and the articulation of a politics of rexistência.

abstract This article describes early analysis from the Achieving Gender Justice in Education project, involving 20 open-ended ‘storytelling’ interviews as an approach to narrative inquiry with educators and administrators from three Canadian provinces. Participants describe various forms of gender-based violence and discrimination experienced in schools, including inappropriate touching, sexual harassment, unwillingness to enhance school safety for girls and 2SLGBTQ+ students, and blocking of such initiatives by community members. They also convey substantive efforts to fight for the rights of girls and 2SLGBTQ+ students and support boys to embody positive interpretations of masculinity. This paper analyzes the experiences and considers how the stories might inform the practical application of gender justice and transformation in schools. Gender transformation is a term used primarily in international development, building on a premise that problematically suggests that Global South societies need transformation whereas Global North societies are transformed. This research highlights that, while it is important to attend to the context of violence, the call for gender transformation should extend to all countries and societies, not only those in the Global South.

The protruding tongue is a multifaceted gesture that has been observed in diverse cultural contexts and historical periods. In contemporary societies, it can be interpreted in a multitude of ways. It can signify a lack of respect, mischievousness, playfulness, insult, and concentration. However, in certain cultures, extending the tongue out is a gesture of greeting and respect. In ancient Egypt, the protruding tongue is represented in different contexts and is essentially associated with certain demons and gods, including the most well-known Bes, the great Cat of Heliopolis, Re cutting off the head of Apophis, Taweret, Ammit, as well as some guardians of the gates and demons of the underworld. Conversely, instances of the protruding tongue in representations of human figures are scarce, even in the most violent contexts. The protruding tongue has been likened to arrows and knives. Moreover, textual instances have been recorded where individuals or deities in Ancient Egypt were insulted, mocked, or threatened by a protruding tongue, as texts of Kamose describe the hostile stance of the Hyksos towards the Egyptians by this gesture. The protruding tongue is a common occurrence in the animal kingdom, particularly during slaughtering, hunting, and birth. In these instances, the tongue may serve to represent the animal's panic, pain, and vocalizations. The representation of animal heads with protruding tongues is a recurring motif in offering scenes. This paper will present an analysis and examination of the significance, meaning, and contexts of the protruding tongue in ancient Egyptian written, visual, and material sources.

Executive functions (EF) and social cognition (SC) are fundamental to self-regulation and social behavior. Their impairment has been associated with criminal behavior, yet few studies integrate both areas, especially in highly violent contexts such as Colombia. This observational study compared neuropsychological performance in EF (flexibility, working memory, and inhibition) and SC (emotional recognition and empathy) among males convicted of violent crimes (VC), nonviolent crimes (NVC), and a control group (CG). A total of 117 men (39 per group), matched for age and educational level, participated in a case-control design. Standardized tests were administered: M-WCST, WAIS-IV subscales, Stroop, Mini-SEA, and Pain Empathy Task. Both groups of inmates performed worse on EF compared to the CG, with the difference being significant only in working memory. On SC, the NVC group showed better recognition of negative emotions, while the VC group was able to identify the emotion of sadness more accurately. Both groups showed greater affective empathy and empathic concern than the CG, and the VC group stood out for its cognitive empathy. These findings show diverse profiles that don't fit into the violent/nonviolent classification, highlighting the complexity of criminal behavior and the need to expand research with integrative approaches that allow for a better understanding of criminal behavior from the perspective of cognitive neuroscience.

The intersection of communication networks and political violence has a long history in the Nigerian nation, where practices of information sharing have often informed collective action and conflict. In the Aramoko-Ekiti community, Ekiti State, Nigeria, community narratives, rumour networks, and partisan mobilisation have traditionally influenced political violence. The older channels have now gained new forms and terms with the emergence of social media, which has redefined the nature of political contestation. This paper is a critical assessment of how social media has contributed to the current phenomenon of political violence in Aramoko-Ekiti, especially with emphasis on the youth. Using a qualitative historical method, the study integrates oral interviews of sampled youth and political stakeholders, as well as the examination of secondary data in the form of online resources and digital communications. This approach situates the modern experience within the broader historical context of political agitation and violence in society. Social media platforms have altered the magnitude, pace, and intensity of mobilization, while also reproducing prior trends of competition and factionalism in the political trajectory of Aramoko-Ekiti, as revealed by the findings of this paper. The paper suggests encouraging historical consciousness, digital literacy, and responsible Internet use as measures to mitigate the adverse impact of violence and facilitate peaceful participation in the online space. Furthermore, it highlights the need for further research in this area to fully comprehend the intricate dynamics of social media and political violence. Keywords: Social media, Political violence, Youth, Aramoko-Ekiti, Digital Communication.