Context Of Climate Change Research Articles

Identifying high-yielding and stable durum wheat genotypes using G × E analysis in climate change context

Assessing durum wheat genotypes in varied environments is essential for evaluating yield stability and adaptability. This research evaluated the performance of 25 different durum wheat genotypes over three years (2020–2023) across 16 environments in Morocco. One objective was to evaluate how genotypes interact with varying environmental conditions (GEI) and to identify genotypes that combine high yield with stability across specific mega-environments. This analysis was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The primary criteria for selection included grain yield, the AMMI Stability Value (ASV) and the Genotype Selection Index (GSI). Analysis revealed highly significant differences (P<0.0001) among genotypes, environments and their interactions (GEI). According to the AMMI analysis of variance, the total variation in yield was attributed to the environment (77.91 %), genotype (0.80 %) and GEI (5.93 %). Principal components (PC) 1 and 2 accounted for 51.9 % of the observed variation. Similarly, the GGE biplot demonstrated that PC1 and PC2 contributed 31.51 % and 18.67 % of the yield variation, respectively. Based on yield and ASV, G4, G16, G10, G23 and G5 demonstrated high performance, while G4, G9, G11 and G14 exhibited stability. According to the GSI, genotypes G4, G5, G23, G14 and G17 were most desirable. The findings highlight the substantial impact of GEI on yield variability, with genotype G16 emerging as optimal and G4, G5 and G17 being identified as favourable candidates for cultivation across five identified mega-environments, each suited to specific genotype adaptation. The identified high-performing genotypes can be integrated into Moroccan breeding programs to enhance durum wheat productivity and resilience to climate variability.

Applying Bergmann's Rule to Species Conservation Planning

ABSTRACTBody size is often strongly linked to species abundance and range size. Although Bergman's rule, which relates body size to climate, has been extensively studied, the implications of this rule for conservation remain unclear. Climate warming may reduce the habitat area of some large‐bodied species at higher latitudes or altitudes, where they need large ranges to survive, and may also cause some larger‐bodied species to shrink, as there is no critical need for them to remain large in order to preserve heat in very cold conditions. Under such circumstances, Bergmann's rule may offer some insights regarding species extinction, as body size is related to other critical traits, such as generation time, especially for species that follow the “rule.” Here, we explore the potential applications of Bergmann's rule in species conservation, using the IUCN's (2022) Red List and species' body size as a reference. Although a greater number of larger birds and mammals (endothermic species) are threatened, a higher proportion of smaller reptiles and amphibians (ectothermic species) face endangerment. Threatened species show stronger body size–range size relationships and are more restricted in monotypic genera. We discuss how Bergmann's rule might be considered in future long‐term species conservation planning within the broad context of climate change, human impacts, and species invasions.

THE IMPACT OF PRODUCTION ECOLOGIZATION ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTERPRISES

In the current context of global climate change and environmental challenges, increasing attention is being given to the issue of greening production processes. Therefore, one of the main tasks facing enterprises in the context of economic transformations is to maximize their contribution to such measures for sustainable development. The aim of the article is to define the features of modeling and evaluating the impact of greening production on the sustainable development of an enterprise. Within the framework of the conducted study, it has been determined that greening production is a key factor for the sustainable development of an enterprise, as it helps reduce the negative impact on the environment and increase economic efficiency. It has been proven that in order to determine the economic effectiveness of greening production, it is important to assess the cost of each of these measures, which enables the use of the Hicks-Lindahl model to simulate their impact on the overall economic result. The Hicks-Lindahl model allows for the assessment of how various environmental measures impact the sustainable development of an enterprise. Within this model, each environmental measure is treated as a separate factor, which is reflected in a multiple regression equation, where the variables interact and influence the economic outcome.

A Lagrangian perspective reveals the carbon and oxygen budget of an oceanic eddy

Quantifying the ocean’s ability to sequester atmospheric carbon is essential in a climate change context. Measurements of gravitational carbon export to the mesopelagic seldom balance the carbon demand or the oxygen consumption there, suggesting the potential presence of other mechanisms of carbon export. We deployed a biogeochemical Argo float in a cyclone in the Benguela upwelling system for five months, and estimated vertical carbon export and respiration in the eddy via particle imagery with an underwater vision profiler 6 in a quasi Lagrangian way. A sensitivity analysis shows that, under certain assumptions, oxygen consumption rates could match the carbon supply and carbon demand. We furthermore identified a mechanism of vertical particulate carbon export, the full eddy core submergence pump. Our analysis suggests that at 450 m depth, within this eddy, this pump exports about one fourth to half of the total carbon compared to the biological gravitational pump.

Abstract 985: CARIB-CARES: the first exploratory research center addressing the intersection of climate and the cancer control continuum

Background: Climate change is a threat to human health, impacting the cancer control continuum. Frequent extreme weather events in the US Caribbean (Puerto Rico [PR] and US Virgin Islands [USVI]) have harmed human health and socioecological ecosystems and have disrupted cancer prevention and control efforts. This has unveiled the vulnerabilities of critical infrastructure systems, which, when disrupted, cause catastrophic failures with fatal and long-lasting consequences. Addressing these challenges is crucial for promoting resilient and healthy island communities, mitigating cancer risk, and sustaining cancer control infrastructure. Methods: The Caribbean Climate Change, Cancer, and Health Disparities Research Center (CARIB-CARES) is a regional initiative aimed at tackling these critical issues, with the participation of a multidisciplinary team of experts in environmental health, climate, oceanography, and cancer research. A partnership between the University of PR Comprehensive Cancer Center, the University of PR-Medical Sciences Campus, and the University of the Virgin Islands together with other institutions in the continental US, government agencies, health clinics, and non-governmental organizations, CARIB-CARES seeks to address the impact of multi-hazard climate-related stressors on the cancer control continuum and increase research and adaptation capacity in the field. Results: Funded in September 2024, CARIB-CARES has initiated capacity-building initiatives, delivering webinars on climate change, health, and the cancer control continuum to over 100 community members, health professionals, and students across PR, USVI, and mainland US. Student engagement and mentorship has initiated, supporting more than 15 students from various academic backgrounds (public health, nursing, and biology) and different career levels (undergrad, grad, and post-doc) and from underrepresented populations as mentees, providing them with research opportunities on the intersection of climate change and cancer. Research projects are also underway, evaluating environmental disparities and cancer risk across the US Caribbean and climate change awareness among oncology health professionals. Community partnerships are being reinforced, developing a Community Coalition of Partners that includes academic institutions, nonprofits, and government agencies, leading to actionable collaborations in addressing cancer-related disparities within the context of climate change. Conclusion: Through its comprehensive approach, CARIB-CARES has begun building a robust framework to advance research, strengthen governance, and build equitable adaptation to effectively address the challenges of climate change and cancer control across vulnerable and underserved small islands in the Caribbean. Acknowledgments: Funding NIH Award: 1P20CA294096-01. Citation Format: Ana P. Ortiz, Noreen Michael, Nancy R. Cardona-Cordero, Marievelisse Soto-Salgado, Polaris N. Torres, LaVerne E. Ragster, Leticia Nogueira, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Zack Guido, Tracy E. Crane, Pablo Méndez-Lázaro. CARIB-CARES: the first exploratory research center addressing the intersection of climate and the cancer control continuum [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2025; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2025 Apr 25-30; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2025;85(8_Suppl_1):Abstract nr 985.

Response of Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) of the Desert Steppe Ecosystem in the Northern Foothills of Yinshan Mountain to Extreme Climate

The desert steppe ecosystem at the Northern Foothills of the Yinshan Mountains (NFYS) is characterized by its fragility and heightened sensitivity to global climate change. Understanding the response and lag effects of Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) to climate change is imperative for advancing ecological management and fostering sustainable development. The spatiotemporal dynamics of chlorophyll fluorescence-based GPP data and its responses to precipitation, temperature, and extreme climate from 2001 to 2023 were analyzed. The random forest model and the partial least squares regression model were employed to further elucidate the response mechanisms of GPP to extreme climate, with a specific focus on the lag effect. The findings revealed that the GPP in the NFYS exhibited distinct regional characteristics, demonstrating a predominantly increasing trend over the past 23 years. The region has experienced a warming and drying trend, marked by a decrease in the intensity and frequency of extreme precipitation events, and an increase in extremely high temperatures and consecutive hot days, except a slight, albeit insignificant, increase in precipitation in the northeastern part. GPP exhibits varying degrees of lag, ranging from one to three months, in response to both normal and extreme climatic conditions, with a more immediate response to extreme temperatures than to precipitation. The influence of different climatic conditions on the lag effects of GPP can amplify the negative effects of extreme temperatures and the positive impact of extreme precipitation. The anticipated trend towards a warmer and more humid climate is projected to foster an increase in GPP. This research is of great theoretical and practical significance for deeply understanding the adaptation mechanisms of ecosystems under the context of climate change, optimizing desertification control strategies, and enhancing regional ecological resilience.

The influence of surface cover change on solar radiation absorption in China.

Under the context of climate change, the energy exchange mechanisms between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere are highly complex. This study investigates the impact of land cover changes on solar radiation using China's land cover data and surface solar radiation absorption data. We analyze the data changes over two adjacent periods and integrate additional factors to explore the impacts of surface cover changes on solar radiation. The results indicate that:(1) Although grassland and bare land are the land categories with the largest area share, their radiation absorption capacity is significantly lower than that of water body and forests. (2) During 2001-2020, 84.94% of land remains unchanged, but the expansion of the forested land and the reduction of the bare land in the changed areas have a significant impact on the radiation absorption, which suggests that the policy should focus on the restoration of the forested land of the arid area, bare land on the edge of the city, and greening, so as to minimize the intervention cost and maximize the benefits of climate moderation. This study provides a key theoretical basis for constructing a comprehensive evaluation model of "land-climate-ecology" synergy by revealing the multi-process coupling mechanism and cascading response relationship of solar radiation absorption by land cover change.

Chilling and heat requirements of apple cultivars: Future perspectives in a global climate change context

Chilling and heat requirements of apple cultivars: Future perspectives in a global climate change context

Disentangling the drivers of post-fire plant community dynamics in subalpine forests of the Tibetan Plateau

BackgroundWildfires impact forests including understory composition and modify environmental conditions such as canopy cover and soil fertility. The recovery of understory plant community composition over time after the fire event is also affected by differences in heat and moisture induced by climate and topography. However, the relative importance of these drivers in shaping understory plant communities in subalpine forests remains unclear. We studied the impact of fire on plant communities at 9 burned patches (24 plots) and its adjacent unburned forests (18 plots) across a 79-year chronosequence in subalpine forests located on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Using a space-for-time approach, we examined changes in plant α and β diversity at 14–20, 52–53, and 68–79 years following fire, revealing the main drivers influencing these fire-induced shifts.ResultsWe found that fires enhanced plant α diversity but diminished β diversity over time. Such an opposite pattern was reflected in a notable increase in plants adapting to high radiation levels, xeric conditions, and lower elevations after fire. Elevation and climate variables were weak drivers of those changes. Direct effects of time since fire drove α diversity, while indirect effects, mediated by changes in canopy cover and soil fertility, drove plant β diversity. The decrease in plant β diversity was primarily attributed to a reduction in canopy cover and an increase in soil fertility. When canopy cover was below 0.5, increasing canopy cover did not lead to an increase in vegetation heterogeneity.ConclusionsHigh-severity fire in subalpine forests of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau has lasting effects on understory plant communities, showing signs of community thermophilization. We propose afforestation strategies that aim to increase canopy cover above 0.5 and prioritize the restoration of forests with high soil fertility. Within a climate change context, these measures are intended to counteract the increase in community homogenization over time since fire in subalpine forests.

Extreme heat exposure in the first 1000 days: Implications for childhood stunting in Bangladesh.

Extreme heat exposure in the first 1000 days: Implications for childhood stunting in Bangladesh.

Climate Change and the Green Transition: Double Burden for Indigenous Sámi Reindeer Herding Communities

ABSTRACT This article presents a case study examining climate injustices faced by Indigenous Sámi reindeer herding communities in Sweden, within the context of climate change and the green transition. Drawing from critical discourse analysis, the study identifies four key patterns of injustice: (1) Swedish public authorities do not fully recognize the disproportionate effects of climate change on the Sámi population; (2) the cumulative effects of being negatively impacted by both climate change and the green transition create a double burden that is insufficiently addressed by authorities and companies, which risk hindering Indigenous rights by threatening traditional practices (3) current consultation mechanisms are inadequate for meaningfully influencing land management issues, as consultations mainly involve information exchange; and (4) the traditional Sámi knowledge, Árbediethu, passed down through generations, is often downplayed in institutional settings, where seemingly just processes can lead to unjust outcomes. The green transition's parallels with the historical colonization of Sápmi have led scholars and Sámi actors to describe it as a new form of colonialism. The study concludes that achieving Indigenous climate justice requires prioritizing Sámi rights, leveraging Indigenous knowledge, and expanding the focus beyond solely emission reduction to foster sustainable societies that address power imbalances and systemic injustices.

Generating transcriptomic resources in the teleost fish black cusk-eel (Genypterus maculatus) to evaluate thermal stress in the liver under a climate change scenario.

The black cusk-eel (Genypterus maculatus) is a native fish that is relevant for traditional Chilean fisheries and has aquaculture potential. However, the genomic information and the biological knowledge related to the effect of thermal stress response are limited. This study generated the first de novo transcriptome assembly of the liver of G. maculatus and investigated the hepatic response to thermal stress in the G. maculatus. The de novo assembly resulted in 26,620 annotated transcripts, with an N50 of 2297, and a GC% of 49.76%. BUSCO analysis showed 97.1% and 75.7% complete orthologous (Metazoa and Actinopterygi, respectively). Functional annotation showed a total of 55,556 GO terms, with 26,128 annotations on biological process, 15,225 annotations on molecular functions, and 14,213 annotations on cellular component. The RNA-seq analysis revealed 94 differentially expressed transcripts in response to thermal stress, with 64 downregulated and 30 upregulated transcripts. The enrichment analysis showed biological processes related to double-strand break repair via homologous recombination, reciprocal meiotic recombination, and DNA repair. A significant increase in cortisol levels with no significant difference activity of hepatic enzymes (ALT, AST, AP) due to thermal stress was observed. Also, an increase in DNA damage (AP sites formation) and lipid peroxidation (HNE protein adducts) in the liver due to thermal stress was observed. The differentially expressed transcripts were validated using qPCR, confirming the RNA-seq results. The findings provide valuable genomic information for G. maculatus and highlight the physiological and molecular responses to thermal stress in the species under the context of climate change.

Gendered Implications of Climate Change: Empowering Women in Climate Law and Policymaking in Nigeria

Climate change presents significant challenges to societies worldwide, andaddressing it requires the inclusion of diverse voices and perspectives. This studyfocuses on the under-representation of women in Nigeria's climate policy anddecision-making processes and its implications for effective climate governance.Drawing on the recognition of the importance of women's participation ininternational climate negotiations, this paper examines Nigeria's legal andinstitutional frameworks aimed at promoting gender equality and femaleempowerment in climate action. Through analytical legal research, the studyinvestigates how these frameworks either enable or hinder women's engagementand representation in climate governance. Findings reveal that excludingwomen's voices leads to inadequate gender-responsive and equitable approachesto climate adaptation and mitigation. The under-representation of women inNigerian governance institutions exacerbates the problem, creating barriers totheir involvement in decision-making. To address these challenges, the studyemphasises the need for legal and policy frameworks that facilitate women'sparticipation and representation and foster supportive environments for theirleadership and agency in climate change contexts. The paper concludes byrecommending strategies such as developing gender-responsive climate policies,enhancing women's leadership and capacity, and fostering inclusive networks andpartnerships to promote gender equality and climate justice.

High‐Temperature Risk and Corporate Social Responsibility in China

ABSTRACTIn the context of global climate change, this study examines the performance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in response to increasing high‐temperature risk. Using data from Chinese listed firms from 2010 to 2020, we find that companies located in cities with higher climate risk exhibit a marked improvement in their CSR practices, and this conclusion is robust after conducting a series of robustness tests. Moreover, high‐temperature risk has a greater impact on CSR for companies that face higher financing costs, have a high equity concentration, or are particularly temperature‐sensitive. This study also provides evidence that increased exposure to high temperatures causes a decline in firms' financial performance, and the heightened CSR lessens such negative effects. These findings indicate the importance for both policymakers and firms to increase their awareness of climate risks, with a specific focus on integrating CSR strategies to enhance climate resilience.

An evaluation of the load capacity curve hypothesis for Finland: an ARDL approach with frequency domain analysis

PurposeThe main purpose of this study is to analyze the evolution of economic and environmental factors in Finland during the period 1990–2022, exploring the complex interactions between Gross Domestic Product (GDP), nuclear energy production, innovation (measured by patents) and the electric grid load capacity factor (LCF).Design/methodology/approachTo achieve the stated purpose, econometric models such as Autoregressive Distributed Lag and cointegration tests were employed to investigate relationships and trends in the available economic and energy data for Finland. For conducting the proposed analyses, EViews was used for econometric approaches, and the Python language was utilized for constructing the Environmental Kuznets Curve.FindingsFollowing the conducted analyses, several relevant findings have been observed: 1) a complex relationship between GDP and LCF has been identified, noting a long-term decrease in the electricity grid LCF with GDP growth. This result emphasizes the importance of strategic planning in energy policy to maintain stability and efficiency of the grid amidst economic growth; 2) nuclear energy and innovation have shown a mixed impact on LCF, with both positive and negative effects. This finding highlights the necessity to develop policies that encourage the progressive integration of new technologies to minimize the negative impact on electricity grid efficiency; and 3) to maximize the efficient use of the energy system’s capacity, policymakers should aim to balance economic growth with responsible management of energy resources. The integration of renewable energies and continuous investments in research and development are essential for ensuring a sustainable energy transition in Finland.Originality/valueThe study makes a significant contribution by identifying and analyzing in detail the interdependencies between economic growth, innovation and energy sustainability in Finland, providing new perspectives for the development of public policies and economic strategies in the current context of global climate change and energy transition.

A Statistical Method to Model Non‐stationarity in Precipitation Records Changes

AbstractIn the context of climate change, assessing how likely a particular change or event was caused by human influence is important for mitigation and adaptation policies. In this work we propose an extreme event attribution (EEA) methodology to analyze yearly maxima records, key indicators of climate change that spark off media attention and research in the EEA community. Although they deserve a specific statistical treatment, algorithms tailored to record analysis are lacking. This is particularly true in a non‐stationary context. This work aims at filling this methodological gap by focusing on records in transient climate simulations. We apply our methodology to study records of yearly maxima of daily precipitation issued from the numerical climate model IPSL‐CM6A‐LR. Illustrating our approach with decadal records, we detect in 2023 a clear human induced signal in half the globe, with probability mostly increasing, but decreasing in the south and north Atlantic oceans.

Optimal Decision-Making in a Green Supply Chain Duopoly: A Comparative Analysis of Subsidy Strategies with Data-Driven Marketing

In the current context of severe environmental challenges and climate change, the low-carbon green development model has become an international consensus. This study establishes a green supply chain duopoly competition model, considering two types of government subsidies and data-driven marketing (DDM) to help achieve supply chain development. The aim of the research is to explore how to provide green subsidies, enhance green levels, maintain competitive advantage, and improve profits in supply chain enterprises with inconsistent green levels. The study discusses the impact of green consumer preferences, market competition, and DDM quality on the profits of supply chain enterprises. It also analyzes how to use supply chain contracts to achieve coordination and optimization within the supply chain. The findings are summarized as follows. (1) As consumer preferences for green products increase, the unit subsidy model continues to enhance performance and market share more effectively than the total subsidy model. (2) The unit subsidy model requires a more relaxed subsidy coefficient, making it easier for enterprises to develop without needing high subsidies. It consistently achieves better total performance, particularly with improved DDM quality. (3) Manufacturers and retailers can achieve a win–win situation through internal coordination of the supply chain via wholesale price contracts. (4) Under certain conditions, consumers more sensitive to green products will increase the product pricing of both M1 and M2. The level of greenness of M2 will also increase. But also, the wholesale and retail prices of M1 will decrease because of the effect of DDM. (5) The effect of the intensity of market competition on pricing decisions is more complex. Under certain conditions, the market competition coefficient has a positive impact on the pricing of M1 and a negative impact on the pricing and green level of M2. This can be changed due to an increase in the level of DDM quality, where an increase in the market competition coefficient results in lower pricing for M1 and higher pricing for M2. The green level for M2 is also improved. In addition, the improvement in DDM quality consistently has a positive impact on pricing decisions and green levels for M2. Pricing decisions for M1 are affected differently, depending on the customer’s sensitivity to DDM.

Quantum Technologies in the Context of Climate Change: Emphasizing Sustainability in a Responsible Innovation Approach to Quantum Innovation

Using quantum technologies (QTs) to solve problems related to climate change is a key goal for many physicists at the research and development stage. Recent research anticipates numerous real-world applications for quantum technologies that will address climate change and further sustainable development goals. However, currently there is no guiding framework for implementing responsible, sustainable innovation, or criteria for evaluating the sustainability of QTs. The goal of this article is to augment previous responsible innovation (RI) analysis of, and recommendations for, quantum innovation by emphasizing sustainability as a key value. This article will also provide specific recommendations for developing sustainable QTs and criteria to assess the sustainability of QTs. With increases in funding for quantum innovation and the predicted operationality of many QTs in the coming decades, this is a key moment to discuss values and shape the quantum innovation trajectory. By using an RI approach with an added emphasis on sustainability, this article offers tools for developing responsible, sustainable QTs that are sensitive to the climate change context.

Mycorrhizae and grapevines: the known unknowns of their interaction for wine growers´ challenges.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play an important role in grapevine production systems. However, little is known about how this relationship is achieved in the nursery and how soil management might modify it and its derived benefits. Here, we review the current knowledge on the establishment of grapevine-AMF relationships from the nursery to the field, the main factors that affect the effectiveness of the symbiosis, the potential role of AMF as biostimulants in grapevine production systems, and the future perspectives of their use in the current context of climate change. The process of establishing mycorrhizal symbiosis is complex, and the molecular dialogue between the plant roots and the fungus is still not yet fully understood. During vine plant production, rooting occurs in nurseries, where spontaneous symbiosis can be generated. The effectiveness of mycorrhizal symbiosis appears to depend not only on the identity of the fungus but also the diversity of the vine material and soil management. Finally, the use of AMF as biostimulants might be an effective strategy to face the new climatic scenario, but further research dealing with the application of AMF inocula and the protection of native cohorts should be conducted.

Insights into the Molecular Basis of Fruit Development in Prunus Species

Abstract Fruit ripening time together with related fruit quality traits, including size, firmness, color, acidity, or soluble solid content, must be optimized to ensure a sustainable Prunus production in the new context of global warming and climate change. In this context, elucidating the molecular mechanisms controlling the fruit development is a primary target for improving Prunus species. The early developmental stages are crucial to determine fruit characteristics including size and quality. During the first weeks after the fruit set, many changes occur in the Prunus fruit, from rapid cell division to producing essential metabolites. The information on molecular events at the transcriptional, hormonal, and metabolite levels underlying fruit development in Prunus fruits has increased considerably. However, we still poorly understand the molecular switch that occurs during the transition from flowering to ripe fruits. The objective of this review was to analyze the molecular basis of the fruit development process in Prunus. We focused on the global perspective of fruit development in Prunus at morphological and molecular levels. The integrated phytohormonal, genomic, transcriptomic, metabolic, and epigenetic approach of this review will allow a better understanding of the molecular switch involved in the ripening process with important consequences from a production and breeding point of view in the context of global warming affecting Prunus production.