Contact Angle Data Research Articles

Mechanical, water contact angle and fiber thickness data for Insulin-like Growth Gactor-1 (IGF-1) incorporated in electrospun random DegraPol® fibers and IGF-1 impact on tenocyte aspect ratio and gene expression data

Mechanical, water contact angle and fiber thickness data for Insulin-like Growth Gactor-1 (IGF-1) incorporated in electrospun random DegraPol® fibers and IGF-1 impact on tenocyte aspect ratio and gene expression data

Study of the contact angle and roughness effects on mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) analysis in natural/real carbonate rocks using massive pure minerals and synthetic carbonate rocks

Studying pore networks in rocks is critical for understanding reservoir properties, with mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) being a key laboratory method. MIP involves capillary intrusion of mercury, with intrusion pressure (P) related to capillary diameter (d) by the Washburn equation, incorporating mercury properties like contact angle (θ) and surface tension (γ). While a constant contact angle of 140° is typically assumed for MIP, it can vary based on rock mineralogy and surface roughness. This study aims to analyze how contact angle variations and surface roughness affect MIP analysis of carbonate rocks. Initially, contact angle data was obtained for calcite, dolomite, and quartz with varying roughness levels. Synthetic rocks were then constructed using these minerals. MIP was performed using the typical 140° contact angle and a calculated contact angle from the Cassie model, which considers surface composition fraction. Natural rock MIP analysis followed, with contact angles varying due to mineral composition and roughness. The study found higher contact angles than the standard 140°, affecting pore size distributions up to 30%. Natural rock pore network curves were adjusted based on synthetic rock data analysis. These findings emphasize the need for accurate contact angle selection in MIP for precise pore distribution analysis and contribute to the further study of carbonate rocks.

Coarse grained MD simulation of bulk and interfacial behavior of mixture of CTAB/SDS surfactants.

This study involves simulating the process of inhibiting corrosion through the formation of micelles by surfactants and their deposition on iron (Fe) surfaces. The primary focus is on examining CTAB/SDS mixtures in aqueous solutions with different concentrations. Micelle properties, including size, shape, aggregation number, cluster size, and surfactant diffusion, were calculated and validated with experimental data. The coarse-grained Fe surface was modeled and validated against experimental water contact-angle data. Subsequently, the deposition of CTAB/SDS mixtures on the Fe surface and air-water interface was studied systematically. We found that the relative ratio of CTAB/SDS in the solution directly influences surfactant deposition behavior, which might impact the corrosion inhibition efficiency. All the MD simulations were performed using the GROMACS software with MARTINI2 force field and Martini polar water. The molecules are packed using PACKMOL software. Both NVT and NPT simulations are caried out at temperature and pressure of 303 K and 1 bar respectively, with a nonbonded interaction cut-off (rcut) of 1.1 nm. The LJ potential was shifted from 0.9 nm to rcut, while the electrostatic potential was shifted from 0.0 nm to rcut. For electrostatics, reaction-field coulomb type is used, relative dielectric constant (epsilon-r) and the reaction field dielectric constant (epsilon-rf) are equal to 2.5 and infinity respectively. The dielectric constant below rcut is epsilon-r, and beyond the cut-off is epsilon-rf. Coulomb-modifier used as potential-shift which leads to shift in the coulomb potential by a constant such that it is zero at the rcut. This makes the potential of the integral of the force . The neighbor list was updated every 10 steps, employing a neighbor list cut-off equal to rcut. Using a polar water model, we used a constant time step of 0.02 ps throughout the simulation. The used epsilon-r = 2.5, is recommended for polar water.

The effect of glycerin-painted wax pattern on surface quality of dental stone mold

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of glycerin-coated wax patternon dental stone surface quality in terms of surface roughness and micro airbubble formation.Method: In this study, a total of 20 modeling wax samples were used for thehydrophilicity test (the contact angle test) divided into 2 groups (control andglycerin-painted). A total of 20 dental stone samples were also prepared forvisual and microscopic analysis divided into 2 groups (control and glycerinpainted).Results and conclusion: The contact angle data showed a significant decrease insurface hydrophilicity for the glycerin-painted group (P-value < 0.05). However,the visual and microscopical analysis did not show a prominent distinction insurface quality between the two groups, so there is no noticeable effect on dentalstone surface caused by glycerin-modified wax pattern.

Influence of the Porphyrin Structures on the Contact Angle of Water Wetting by Langmuir-Schaefer Films

Studying the contact angle of water droplets on the surfaces of thin films formed by organic compounds allows to establish hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties of the films. Knowledge of hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity makes it possible to optimize the composition and increase the adhesive properties of films, improving their functionality. In this study, the dependence of the contact angle of Langmuir-Schaefer films (LS-films) of three compounds: 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (I), 2-aza-21-carba-5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-porphyrin (II), and 5,15-bis(2,6-bis(dodecycloxy)phenyl)porphyrin (III) was examined. Contact angle data were obtained for LS-films with different transfer numbers of floating layers of the studied porphyrins and different surface roughness. It was found that LS-films of compounds I and II are hydrophobic and their hydrophobicity increases with an increasing of transfer number. In addition, an increase in the surface roughness of the LS film of compound I compared to compound II reduces the value of the contact angle. Unlike porphyrins I and II, LS-films of compound III displayed hydrophilic properties. The obtained data can be used for the targeted design of compounds to create thin film materials of various purposes.

Effect of non-thermal plasma treatment and resin cements on the bond strength of zirconia ceramics with different yttria concentrations.

To investigate the effect of different surface treatments and resin cements on the shear bond strength of zirconia ceramics with different yttria concentrations. Zirconia blocks characterized by different yttria concentrations [Vita YZ HT (HT), Vita YZ ST (ST) and Vita YZ XT (XT)] were used to prepare disc-shaped specimens (n=252). Specimens prepared to investigate shear bond strength (SBS), water contact angle and surface roughness (Ra) were divided into four subgroups; control (C), sandblasting (S), sandblasting+nonthermal plasma treatment (SNTP) and nonthermal plasma treatment (NTP). For SBS testing, specimens were further divided into two groups (n=108) according to the luting cement used [Panavia F2.0 (P)and Rely X U200 (R)]. The water contact angles were determined by sessile drop technique and Ra was analyzed with optical profilometer. SBS tests were performed in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The data sets were statistically analyzed with two and three-way ANOVAs followed by post-hoc comparisons (α=0.05). The water contact angle and Ra data were significantly affected by surface treatments. The mean Ra values of ST and XT were significantly lower than HT for the surface treatment groups of C and NTP. The SBS values were significantly different among the groups subjected to different surface treatments. The mean SBS values of surface treatment groups (S, SNTP and NTP) when cemented with R were significantly higher than the groups of C (p<0.05). For the tested zirconia ceramics with different yttria concentrations, non-thermal plasma activation helps to improve SBS and is a promising tool in practical use.

Threshold of Surface Initiator Concentration for Polymer Brush Growth by Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization.

The surface modification of various materials by grafting functional molecules has attracted much attention from fundamental research to practical applications because of its ability to impart various physical and chemical properties to the surfaces. One promising approach is the use of polymer brushes synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) from surface-tethered initiators (SIs). In this study, for the purpose of controlling the grafting amounts/densities of polymer brushes, we developed a facile method to precisely regulate SI concentrations of SI layers (SILs) by serial dilution based on a sol-gel method. By simply mixing organosilanes terminated with and without an initiator group ((p-chloromethyl) phenyltrimethoxysilane (CMPTMS) and phenyltrimethoxysilane (PTMS), respectively) with tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), SI concentrations of SILs could be arbitrarily tuned precisely by varying dilution factors of (CMPTMS + PTMS)/CMPTMS (DFs, 1-107). The resulting SILs prepared at different DFs were highly smooth and transparent. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) also confirmed that the SIs were homogeneously distributed at the topmost surface of the SILs and their concentrations were proven to be accurately and precisely controlled from high to extremely low, comparable to theoretical values. Subsequent SI-ATRP in air ("paint-on" SI-ATRP) of two different types of monomers (hydrophobic/nonionic (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorostyrene) and hydrophilic/ionic (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate)) demonstrated that polymer brushes with different grafting amounts/densities were successfully grafted only from SILs with DFs of 1-104 (theoretical SI concentrations: 3.9 × 10-4 ∼ 3.5 units/nm2), while at DFs of 105 and above (theoretical SI concentrations: <3.9 × 10-5 units/nm2), no sign of polymer brush growth was confirmed by thickness, XPS, and water contact angle data. Therefore, we are the first to gather evidence that the approximate threshold of SI concentration required for "paint-on" SI-ATRP might be on the order of 10-4 ∼ 10-5 units/nm2.

Stearic acid-modified hollow hydroxyapatite particles with enhanced hydrophobicity for oil adsorption from oil spills

Oil spills lead to a substantial depletion of aquatic biodiversity. The mitigation of an oil spill can entail considerable financial outlays, give rise to consequential environmental impacts, and present formidable operational complexities. In this research, hollow hydroxyapatite particles with enhanced oil adsorption characteristics were prepared by surface modification with stearic acid. Peanut and vacuum pump oils were used to imitate oil spills and conduct adsorption tests. The 50% stearic acid-modified hydroxyapatite (Sa/HAP) adsorbent showed superior hydrophobic properties with respect to water contact angle data. Adsorption isotherm analysis revealed that the adsorption processes of peanut and vacuum pump oils matched well with the Sips isotherm model, with regression coefficients of 0.992 and 0.996, respectively. The oil adsorption by the modified hydroxyapatite (HAP) adsorbent was found to be 9.85 g·g−1 for peanut oil and 12.13 g·g−1 for vacuum pump oil. Furthermore, the adsorption kinetics performance was determined by chemical interaction, whereas the adsorption equilibrium capacities were 8.97 g·g−1 and 11.41 g·g−1, respectively. Recycling of the spent adsorbent was performed with toluene stripping. The synthesized oil-adsorbents were analyzed by SEM, FTIR, XRD, contact angle, and TGA analyses. Hence, the efficacy of the Sa/HAP material as a potential adsorbent for the purification of oil-contaminated water was established, attributed to its commendable oil adsorption capability.

Improved acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene surface properties via electroless (NiP-SiC) nanocomposite coating

By using electroless nickel-phosphor plating techniques, several (NiP-SiC) nanocomposite coatings were applied to acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) substrates at different temperatures and deposition times. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images show that different coating morphologies have been produced. The energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) data demonstrate that the (NPs) were successfully integrated and nickel and phosphorus are the principal components of the coating. The nickel peaks have been noticed at an angle around (43.29⁰) which belongs to Ni (111) using an X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) pattern for (NiP-SiC NCCs) produced under different immersion times and temperatures. The nanocomposite coating that was made at 95 °C for 30 min showed the best hydrophobic properties, with a maximum contact angle value of (119.68°), according to the contact angle data. The corrosion behavior was studied via the electrochemical method in (3.5 wt.%) NaCl at (25 °C), and the results showed that the best polarization resistance for the (NiP-SiC) coating is obtained at (90 min at 75 °C) deposition conditions and is (45.14222 kΩ. cm) which produce complete coverage compact coating with growth globular. The best hardness value recorded for a coating that has the most nucleation sites came from a high incorporation nanoparticles level with a small nodule structure which formed at (30 min and 75 °C) and is (3.15 GPa). Finally, the lower wear rate value was collected for the coating having the lower coefficient of friction which was produced at (30 min at 75 °C) deposition conditions and is (0.023 mg/m)).

One-dimensional hydrodynamic model for the isothermal-evaporation of an axisymmetric-unbounded liquid bridge

In this manuscript, we examine the isothermal-evaporation of an unbounded axisymmetric liquid bridge confined between parallel-planar similar or chemically different substrates using both theory and experiments for axial Bond numbers 0.04 and 0.16. A perturbation analysis of the governing equations of motion produced a one-dimensional equation model, and this model made it possible to compute the interface profile evolution. Glass-acrylic or acrylic-acrylic substrate pairs (top-bottom) were used in experiments, with purified water as the liquid. Transient liquid-bridge volume estimates and contact angle data were extracted via image analysis at fixed time intervals and compared with results from the profiles that were computed using the one-dimensional equation model. There was good agreement when comparing the volume estimates and contact angle data.

Investigation of corrosion inhibition performance of expired fluconazole drug on mild steel in 0.5M H2SO4 medium

Fluconazole is a pharmaceutical drugused for the treatment of fungal infections.The disposal of the expired Fluconazoledrug threatens the environment, but still, it contains active components. The potentiality of the active components of the expired Fluconazole drug was utilized to guard the mild steel corrosion in0.5 M sulphuric acid medium. Electrochemical and mass loss studies were used to evaluate the drug's capacity to protect mild steel surfaces against corrosion. The outcomes of the studies demonstrate that Fluconazole effectively inhibits the corrosion of mild steel in sulphuric acid solution at various temperatures.The maximum inhibition efficiency obtained by the mass loss method was 93.75% at 110 ppm drug concentration. Fluconazole molecules have been determined to follow the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The SEM images visualized that, in the presence of drug molecules th mild steel surface was least affected by the acid solution compared to the blank solution. The water contact angle data revealed that the adsorption of Fluconazole molecules builds mild steel surfaces that are more hydrophobic in nature. The inhibitor molecules retard both anodic and cathodic reactions in an acid medium and act as a mixed-type inhibitor. DFT calculations and Molecular dynamics simulations further elucidated the chemical interactions between Fluconazole and the mild steel surface.

Enhanced alumina substrate wear resistance via electroless NiP–TiC nanocomposite coating

In this research, several NiP–TiC nanocomposite coatings on alumina substrate were deposited via electroless nickel-phosphor plating methods under various deposition conditions. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images show that different coating morphologies have been produced. The energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) data demonstrate that the nanoparticles were successfully integrated and nickel and phosphorus are the principal components of the coating. The Nickel peaks have been noticed at an angle around 44⁰ which belongs to Ni (111) using an X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) pattern for NiP–TiC nanocomposite coating at different immersion times and temperatures. According to the contact angle data, the nanocomposite coating created at (30 min at 95 °C) exhibited the best hydrophobic qualities and had a maximum contact angle value of 118.11°. The corrosion behavior was studied via the electrochemical method in 3.5 wt% NaCl at 25 °C, and the results showed that to get the best polarization resistance for the NiP–TiC coating, (60 min at 85 °C) deposition conditions are more suitable to get compact coating covering the full substrate and is 31 kΩ cm. For the best hardness value coating with multi-small nodules with high incorporation particle level can be obtained at (30 min and 95 °C) and is 7.98 GPa. Finally, the lower wear rate was collected for the coating plating at (90 min at 95 °C) deposition conditions because it has the least coefficient of friction.

Effects of Different Primers on the Bond Strength to Properly and Excessively Etched Ceramic-coated Zirconia.

To determine the effects of various primers on the immediate and long-term bond strength of ceramic-coated ultratranslucent zirconia that is properly or excessively etched. Ceramic-coated zirconia plates were etched with 9.5% hydrofluoric acid (HF) for 2 or 5 minutes, after which the surface morphology and elemental composition were examined. The etched specimens were treated with different primers including methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)-only containing primer, silane-only containing primer, MDP and silane-containing ceramic primer as well as MDP and silane-containing adhesive system. For surface contact angle and shear bond strength (SBS) data, the difference between groups was evaluated by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and three-way ANOVA factorial analysis, respectively. The statistical significance level of 0.05 was set and the Tukey test and the Dunnett-T3 test were used for post-hoc multiple comparisons. Excessive etching (9.5% HF for 5 minutes) led to overconsumption of the glass layer and exposure of zirconia substrate compared to proper etching (9.5% HF for 2 minutes). Among different primers, the surface contact angle of the silane-only containing primer group was the lowest. The silane-only containing primer and MDP and silane-containing ceramic primer produced higher shear bond strength of properly and excessively etched ceramic-coated zirconia, respectively, both before and after thermal aging. The silane-only containing primer and MDP and silane-containing primer can obtain better immediate and long-term shear bond strength for properly and excessively etched ceramic-coated zirconia, respectively.

Thickness, Annealing, and Surface Roughness Effect on Magnetic and Significant Properties of Co40Fe40B10Dy10 Thin Films.

In this study, Co40Fe40B10Dy10 thin films were deposited using a direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering technique. The films were deposited on glass substrates with thicknesses of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 nm, and heat-treated in a vacuum annealing furnace at 100, 200, and 300 °C. Various instruments were used to examine and analyze the effects of roughness on the magnetic, adhesive, and mechanical properties. From the low frequency alternating current magnetic susceptibility (χac) results, the optimum resonance frequency is 50 Hz, and the maximum χac value tends to increase with the increase in the thicknesses and annealing temperatures. The maximum χac value is 0.18 at a film thickness of 50 nm and an annealing temperature of 300 °C. From the four-point probe, it is found that the resistivity and sheet resistance values decrease with the increase in film deposition thicknesses and higher annealing temperatures. From the magnetic force microscopy (MFM), the stripe-like magnetic domain distribution is more obvious with the increase in annealing temperature. According to the contact angle data, at the same annealing temperature, the contact angle decreases as the thickness increases due to changes in surface morphology. The maximal surface energy value at 300 °C is 34.71 mJ/mm2. The transmittance decreases with increasing film thickness, while the absorption intensity is inversely proportional to the transmittance, implying that the thickness effect suppresses the photon signal. Smoother roughness has less domain pinning, more carrier conductivity, and less light scattering, resulting in superior magnetic, electrical, adhesive, and optical performance.

Wettability, Adsorption and Adhesion in Polymer (PMMA)-Commercially Available Mouthrinse System.

The study concerns the evaluation of the physicochemical and thermo-adsorptive surface properties of six commercially available mouthrinses, particularly surface tension, surface activity, partitioning coefficient, critical micellar concentration, Gibbs excesses at interfaces, surface entropy, and enthalpy. The aim was to quantify their effect on the adhesion and wettability of a model poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) polymer. The adsorptive and thermal surface characteristics were derived from surface tension (γLV) vs. concentration and temperature dependences. Polymer surface wettability was characterized by the contact angle hysteresis (CAH) formalism, using the measurable advancing ΘA and receding ΘR dynamic contact angles and γLV as the input data. Further, wettability parameters: Young static angle (Θ), film pressure (Π), surface free energy (γSV) with its dispersive and polar components, work of adhesion (WA), and adhesional tension (γLV cosΘA) were considered as interfacial interaction indicators. The mouthrinse effect demonstrated the parameter's evolution in reference to the PMMA/pure water case: Θ, ΘA and ΘR↓, CAH↑, Π↓, WA↓, γSV↓, and γLVcosΘA↑. Furthermore, the variations of the surface excess ratio pointed to the formation of multilayered structures of surfactants composing the mouthrinse mixtures considered. The contact angle data allowed for the penetration coefficient and the Marangoni temperature gradient-driven liquid flow speed to be estimated.

Surface free energy of graphene-based coatings and its component elements

There has been an increase in research into the surface free energy of low-dimensional materials in recent years. Graphene-based composites are increasingly popular in industry as coating materials. The surface free energy of graphene is crucial for interfacial adherence to supporting substrates. In this article, the surface free energy of coatings made of graphite base, graphene, and graphene oxide is evaluated critically based on the provided contact angle data using a variety of techniques, such as the Zisman, Neumann, Fowkes, Owens-Wendt-Fowkes, and van Oss, Chaudhury, Good method. It was found that the average surface energies of graphene, graphene oxide, and graphite were respectively 44.8 ± 14.7, 47.9 ± 7.2, and 53.6 ± 2.1 mJ.m-2. The dispersive components of graphene, graphene oxide, and graphite are 38.4 ± 9.5, 38.3 ± 4.0, and 50.6 ± 3.6 mJ.m-2, respectively, while the polar components are 4.8 ± 4.9, 9.9 ± 4.2, and 2.8 ± 1.5 mJ.m-2. The current analysis can be used to develop graphene-based composites for the coatings sector.

Introducing a graphical user interface for dynamic contact angle determination

Contact angle goniometry is an important characterization technique that can determine crucial information, such as the wettability, interfacial tension, and adhesion properties of solid and liquid surfaces alike. However, while this technique is already widespread, the by-hand analysis process of elucidating the advancing and receding contact angles (ARCAs) from the actual data set has many pitfalls and is fraught with human error. In this article, we introduce a graphical user interface (GUI) called ARCA Finder that drastically simplifies the analysis process by displaying the contact angle data in a novel perspective and aiding the user to determine the most accurate measurement from the available data based on the full definition of the dynamic contact angles. The goal of this invention is to improve measurement accuracy by reducing human error in goniometry, while also improving the repeatability of measurements among different researchers. By testing this approach alongside by-hand analysis on both synthetic and real dynamic contact angle videos, our results demonstrate a noticeable difference in the measured values, which suggests that the ARCA Finder GUI improves the measurement accuracy compared to the standard approach.

Effect of hexagonal-boron nitride nanosheets (h-BNNSs) on the structural morphology and performance of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes for water-oil separation

Hexagonal-boron nitride nanosheets/polyvinylidene fluoride (h-BNNSs/PVDF) composite membranes were successfully fabricated through a facile one-step phase inversion process. The amount of h-BNNSs incorporated into the PVDF membranes was varied within the mass percent range of 0–3 %, and the influence of the membranes' structural properties on water-oil separation was investigated. Surface roughness and wettability analyses (water contact angle data) showed that the membranes are hydrophilic, and the average surface roughness measurements reveal that the presence of h-BNNSs enhances the wettability of the composite membranes. In addition, h-BNNSs in composite membranes increased the total porosity which favoured enhanced membrane separation flux. Scanning electron microscopy investigations revealed flat surfaces with porous structures, sponge-like morphology and granular-like porous structures. The performance of the composite membranes for water-oil separation revealed that the addition of h-BNNSs to the membrane polymeric matrix resulted in enhanced selectivity towards water with the highest flux of 384.96 L/m2h, and selectivity efficiency of 99.60 % for a 3 % h-BNNSs/PVDF composite membrane, with no transmembrane pressure applied. The preference for water as a filtrate is attributed to the superior water permeation properties of the h-BNNSs and PVDF interaction. Water permeability was due to the presence of positively charged B atoms which pull the oxygen atoms in the water molecules. The improvement in fluxes of the investigated membranes, upon the addition of h-BNNSs makes them excellent candidates for water-oil emulsion separations.

Disruption of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Adherent Cells by NaCl and NaOCl in Drinking Water

The aim of this study was to compare and explain the disruptive effect of sodium chloride and sodium hypochlorite on the adherent cells of P. aeruginosa on glass slides. To this end, the surface characteristics of glass slides and P. aeruginosa were estimated using the contact angle method. In addition, the effects of NaCl and NaOCl on the attachment of the adherent cells were revealed using optical microscopy. The contact angle data showed moderate effects of NaCl and NaOCl on the P. aeruginosa surface, which became faintly more hydrophilic (21.9mJ/m2, 51.1mJ/m2) and a stronger electrons donor (53.4mJ/m2, 54.3mJ/m2). NaCl reversed the hydrophobicity of glass, with its surface becoming very hydrophobic (-31.7mJ/m2) and a weak electrons donor (7.4mJ/m2), whereas NaOCl enhanced the hydrophobicity of glass (49.3mJ/m2) and its electrons donor character (62.7mJ/m2). The optical microscopy showed that NaCl caused a clear and progressive disruption of the colonization, while NaOCl had no effect. Briefly, this study suggests that a combination of NaCl and NaOCl may solve the problem of P. aeruginosa installation in water tracks.

Insights into the Effects of Pore Structure, Time Scale, and Injection Scenarios on Pore-Filling Sequence and Oil Recovery by Low-Salinity Waterflooding Using a Mechanistic DLVO-Based Pore-Scale Model

Summary Despite the proven advantage of the low-salinity waterflooding (LSWF) technique, mechanistic understanding of the underlying phenomena at pore-scale remains uncertain. Hence, the corresponding models have limited predictability. In this study, wettability alteration via electrical double-layer (EDL) expansion is captured in a pore-scale model using a multispecies, multiphase computational fluid dynamics simulator. A combination of a pore-doublet and snap-off model is used to evaluate the low-salinity effect (LSE) in two geometries with different pore-throat size distributions. Contact angle is calculated intrinsically within the model using the concept of disjoining pressure through the implementation of the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory and augmented Young-Laplace equation. The results illustrate that even in a simple pore structure, various pore-filling sequences and recoveries are obtained based on the pore geometrical factors, time effects, backward mixing, and injection scenarios. Secondary LSWF results in higher ultimate oil recovery since both small and large pores are accessible to flow and breakthrough is delayed, giving more time for more efficient displacement. Regarding the pore-throat geometry, the case with larger pores connected via larger throats generally exhibits higher ultimate recoveries. However, the geometry with larger pores connected by small throats results in higher incremental recovery via tertiary LSWF. Moreover, an optimal time scale exists in secondary LSWF due to the snap-off phenomenon, while faster LSE results in higher recovery in tertiary mode. The proposed model is capable of mechanistically capturing and predicting LSE and its subsequent flow dynamics, which exhibits a higher recovery factor by LSWF compared to the commonly used linear wettability model. Thus, this approach improves the predictive capability of the previous models as it does not require contact angle data and arbitrary interpolation schemes.