Consultancy Work Research Articles

The Analysis of China's Marketing Consultant Work from the Perspective of Knowledge

With the continuous development and improvement of China's market economic system, the traditional common marketing mode has been impacted and deconstructed. In the process of resisting the extrusion of competitive companies and adapting to the selection of consumer audiences, enterprises have gradually built a new consulting marketing mode. Based on the author's past real work experience and later field research, this paper expounds the differences between the consultant analysis and the traditional sales in the modern Chinese market from four aspects: market dimensionality, information service value, communication subjectivity and work composition, and it comes to a series of conclusions that, compared with traditional sales, the consultant demand analyst mainly faces the oriented market and semi non oriented market, can provide customers with professional information services that form a knowledge system, gives the customer a sense of subjectivity in the communication on the surface but actually holds the dominant power in the dialogue, and its work content is mainly to maintain the stickiness between users and enterprise products; Then, it discusses the practical path for consultants to better carry out business from two aspects of personal skills and platform activities, and points out that consultants can increase the transaction rate of products by amplifying the customer's demand points, strengthening the customer's anxiety, and taking advantage of the limited time and discount during the platform activity period; Finally, it reveals the essence of the work of consultants and demand analysts and the development trend of the allocation and reconstruction of the functions of modern posts.

Vladimir Mikhailovich Uvarov, distinguished Russian dentist and maxillofacial surgeon, professor and colonel of medical service

On the memory page among the Russian dentists and maxillofacial surgeons, it is impossible not to remember the outstanding figure in the worlds military medicine and practical health care, doctor of medical sciences, professor, and colonel of the medical service Vladimir Mikhailovich Uvarov. The study aimed to present scientific, clinical, pedagogical, and social activity of the outstanding dentist and maxillofacial surgeon, doctor of medicine, professor, and colonel of the medical service Vladimir Mikhailovich Uvarov, including his merits in military medicine. On the basis of the analysis of the Russian literature as well as the life, professional activity, and scientific works of Prof. V.M. Uvarov, doctor of medical sciences and colonel of medical service, we present his role in the formation and development of dentistry, maxillofacial surgery, and military medicine in Russia. There is no section of stomatology that V.M. Uvarov would not have paid attention to. He successfully defended 28 dissertations for the degree of candidate of science under his supervision. He is the author of more than 150 scientific works, including six monographs, a textbook, chapters in manuals, and textbooks. He was the author of the chapter on anesthesia and local anesthesia, written for the first textbook in the country Surgical Dentistry (1938). He was an honorable member of the all-union and all-Russian scientific society of dentists of the country; was a great pedagogue; generously shared his scientific, medical, and pedagogical experience with students, cadets, listeners, and lecturers; and carried out great therapeutic and consultative work. His name is among the outstanding maxillofacial surgeons of the country. He proposed the use of an extra-oral apparatus for the fixation of mandibular fractures and other innovations in the field of maxillofacial surgery and dentistry. At present, the students and followers of Vladimir Mikhailovich Uvarov keep him in their memory as a prominent organizer of military and civil health care, a clinician, a scientist, a teacher, and a model of man and humanity. He is remembered and loved.

Limited Training Through E-Training To Improve Competency of the Head of School at the Head's Working Meeting Schools for SMP and MTs in Bengkulu City

Limited training through e-education aims to improve the competence of school principals in the work consultations for principals of SMP and Mts Bengkulu City. The target audience for this service is the Principals of the Bengkulu City Middle School and MTs who are members of the School Principal Working Consultation as many as 18 people. The implementation method is carried out by three methods namely training, orientation, and practice. This Principal Strengthening Training uses the MOOCs-based E-Training system. The training referred to here consists of activities providing orientation on what teachers need in order to improve the competence of school principals in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of National Education. Limited Training Through E-Training to improve the competence of school principals at the Bengkulu City Junior High School Headmaster's Working Meeting is the right activity and is very in line with current learning needs. This training has been well implemented and received a positive response from the trainees.

Gastrointestinal, metabolic, and nutritional disorders: A plant-based ethnoveterinary meta-analysis in the Catalan linguistic area.

Veterinary care is fundamental for animal wellbeing, and so is achieving a comprehensive understanding of traditional ethnoveterinary applications. However, little attention has been paid to it so far in industrialized countries, and in particular in Western Europe. In this context, the present work aims to make a contribution to this issue in the Catalan linguistic area, focusing on the study of plants used, at a popular level, to treat and deal with gastrointestinal, metabolic, and nutritional disorders, which are among the most important issues that affect animals. Data obtained in this study come from the popular knowledge about plants for veterinary purposes from 599 informants, who jointly provided 1,405 reports of use from 148 plant taxa. The most cited species have been Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch.Bip. (9.04%), Olea europaea L. subsp. europaea var. europaea (6.26%), and Euphorbia lathyris L. (6.26%). At higher taxonomic levels, the botanical families with more ethnoveterinary applications were Asteraceae (24.48%), Euphorbiaceae (8.33%), and Oleaceae (7.12%). Among the total use reports, 95.02% refer to disorders of the gastrointestinal system, 4.34% to nutritional disorders, and 0.64% to metabolic disorders. Antidiarrheal (18.01%), digestive (16.51%), and laxative (15.80%) have been the most reported veterinary uses. The most used plant parts have been the aerial part (40.50%), the fruit or the infructescence (18.65%), and the flower or inflorescence (16.01%). The main preparation and administration forms reported were tisane (58.69%), followed by direct use (without any specific pharmaceutical form; 21.77%). The global corpus of ethnoveterinary knowledge for the gastrointestinal system disorders in the territory of study is diverse, with some species having a very high cultural value, as indicated by an informant consensus factor very close to 1. Some reported uses were also confirmed after consultation of encyclopedic pharmacological works, although few of these works are specifically devoted to veterinary uses. The results of this study are relevant to preserve the ethnoveterinary knowledge, but also represent an important contribution to be taken into account in research for future development of new plant-based drugs for animals.

WINIKO: Life of an Object, First Americans Museum, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma

<i>WINIKO: Life of an Object</i>, First Americans Museum, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma

Severing Clinical Ethics Consultation from the Ethical Commitments and Preferences of Clinical Ethics Consultants

AbstractRecent work calls for excluding clinical ethics consultants’ religious ethical commitments from formulating recommendations about particular cases and communicating those recommendations. I demonstrate that three arguments that call for excluding religious ethical commitments from this work logically imply that consultants may not use their secular ethical commitments in their work. The call to sever clinical ethics consultation from the ethical commitments of clinical ethics consultants has implications for the scope of work consultants may do and for the competencies required for such work.

Adjustment Method of College Students' Mental Health Based on Data Analysis Under the Background of Positive Psychology.

Colleges and universities are in an important position to train builders and successors of the socialist cause whilst promoting quality education. Mental health education is an important foundation and condition for comprehensively improving students' overall quality. This research explores adjustment methods for college students' mental health based on virtual reality under the background of positive psychology. It discusses the importance of system requirements analysis in the software development process, analyzes the system's functional requirements, safety requirements, and software and hardware requirements, and uses the Apriori algorithm to explore the influencing factors of college students' mental health. Based on the system engineering method and using the data mining clustering method undertake detailed analysis and research on the mental health of college students, it then designs an anomaly mining algorithm based on clustering to quickly find anomalous data health problems. The interface design of the system is concise and the operation is simple. Users can conveniently input, query, and count information according to the various controls on the interface, which fully embodies human-oriented characteristics. Exploration of the characteristics of students' frequent Internet access ensures the efficiency, accuracy, and comprehensiveness of the evaluation and consultation work, facilitating psychological counseling for teachers and students, and saving paper. By establishing a data mining model, mining the database, and learning about different student groups and their respective characteristics, we discuss our research on student psychology and summarize the mental health status and gender, adaptation and anxiety, introversion, emotionality, and calmness of college students. We also consider the relationship between sex, negative, and courage. Using positive psychology theory, we examine the positive experiences of students and interconnected qualities, to build a mental health practice system. In the experiment, the happiness index evaluation of the virtual reality treatment system group was significant, P = 0.002 < 0.05. Mental health education plays an important role in cultivating the healthy psychology of college students, developing their psychological potential, enhancing their adaptability, and improving their personality. This analysis based on actual data provides a reliable basis for psychological educators to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of school psychological counseling and to facilitate schools in establishing new methods of early prevention and intervention for psychological disorders, enabling institutions to create a healthy atmosphere for college students.

PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL SELF-CONCEPT OF A PERSON WITH NON-HETEROSEXUAL SEXUAL ORIENTATION

The purpose of the work: to explore the characteristics of the self-concept of a person with a homosexual identity.&#x0D; Methods and methodology of the work. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used for the purposes of the study, i.e., observation, conversation, projective techniques, testing. Data processing was carried out in Exsel and AtteStat. The study involved 32 respondents, 11 of whom identified themselves as women in a male body, 21 – as men being sexually attracted only to representatives of their own sex. The average age of the participants was 24.7.&#x0D; Results of the study. All participants in the study have difficulty in establishing social contacts, having a conflicting self-concept, which they consider real, as well as a disharmonious ideal self-concept due to an unstable self-esteem and ambivalent or negative self-attitude. They gravitate towards co-dependent relationships, they have failed to resolve interpersonal conflicts, which are primarily associated with their parents and close relatives. Both the psychological self-concept and the body image are conditioned by the respondents’ dependence on the opinions of others, which prevents them from accepting their own personality, being different from the overwhelming majority due to the sexual orientation, which is still stigmatized in society.&#x0D; Practical implications. The results of the study might be useful in practice, helping to select the appropriate tools, to identify the nature of intrapsychic and interpersonal conflicts, to carry out consultative, psychocorrectional and psychotherapeutic work aimed at helping to accept one’s own psychological and physical self-concept.

City Symphony

City Symphony

Suffering at meaning: containment in crisis

When anxiety about survival is high it can interfere with the capacity for containment in organisations. The very anxieties that are in such need of containment can be damaging to ways of functioning that are necessary for containing relationships. In certain organisations the ability to tolerate painful feelings is limited and as a result the capacity for containment is impaired. As a consultant working in these circum-stances the task that is required is that of building or rebuilding the container before thinking, in Bion’s sense, can take place. Having an awareness of the state of the organisational container can help the consultant to make a judgement about the level of complexity they are likely to encounter in the work and enable them to plan interventions accordingly. Using examples from my consultancy practice I describe a process of “suffering at meaning” as the way in which containing relationships might be developed so that painful experiences can be faced.

Social Work Advocacy in Federal Immigration Courts

Advocacy for immigrant families undertaken by social workers, attorneys, and other supporters to protect against deportation, detention, and unfair government policies occurs mostly in immigration and federal courts. Social workers bring unique knowledge and skills that enhance legal teams’ representation of immigrants. This paper provides case illustrations of social work’s contribution in three types of legal actions. One illustration from immigration court demonstrates the social work consultant’s role in cancellation of removal cases when undocumented immigrants have US-citizen children. A second case is a federal class-action lawsuit to end the detention of asylum-seeking families. The third case was a federal lawsuit to dismantle bureaucratic policies and procedures that undermined the legal rights and well-being of unaccompanied children. In each of these actions, social work knowledge influenced lawsuits that can have lasting policy impact. While this paper focuses on social work advocacy in immigration cases, social work extends to many other areas of advocacy in the legal system. Social work consultants must have a clear understanding of what the attorneys are requesting to ensure that they have the requisite knowledge and skill to be optimally effective and to practice ethically within the scope of their expertise. Other implications include maintaining familiarity with contemporary social and behavioral research and providing expertise confidently in written reports and oral testimony in court. When social workers bring their expertise to legal teams in immigration cases, they promote the profession’s expertise and help families facing oppressive policies.

Successful outcomes using Long Acting Buprenorphine (LAB - Buvidal) to treat Codeine, Tramadol and other Opioid Analgesia Dependencies (OAD) in Wales during the Pandemic

IntroductionLong Acting Buprenorphine (LAB) – Buvidal (CAM2038) – is a prolonged release treatment for opioid dependence in adults. Its extensive use was funded by Welsh Government during the pandemic in Wales and it has been found to be a significantly better than oral medications in improving quality of life, possibly through providing allostatic craving and anxiety reductionObjectivesThis is a case series of 10 patients who were referred to Community Addiction Services in North and South West Wales with OAD.MethodsPatients were mainly using Codeine or Tramadol and were referred due to either ongoing illicit use or via primary care services requesting support. As part of the pandemic initiative, they were initiated on Buvidal and followed up.ResultsAll ten patients successfully started on Buvidal without significant issues. As a group, if transferred straight to Buvidal, they tended to have fewer significant withdrawal symptoms prior to starting on the Buvidal compared to those on Methadone or Heroin. They were treated on the usual range of Buvidal doses (1 on 64mg, the others on 96-128mg monthly). They have all stabilised and successfully moved on with their lives on Buvidal. One has used the time on Buvidal to have psychological input around past traumas and successfully detoxified in the community using Buvidal.ConclusionsRecommendations for services considering OAD - it is a surprisingly effective treatment which is easy to start. It has the scope for being both an effective OAD recovery medication and a potentially simple detoxification strategy for this patient group.DisclosureProfessor Melichar has provided consultancy work, presentations, training and chaired panel discussions for all the companies in this area in the UK and some outside the UK. Recent work includes Althea (UK), Britannia (UK), Camurus (UK and Global), Martin

Significantly improved outcomes – both in retention and CGI scores - using Long Acting Buprenorphine (LAB-Buvidal) versus treatment as usual for Opioid Dependence in Wales during the Pandemic

IntroductionWe have been using LAB (Buvidal) in Cardiff after its pandemic use was funded by Welsh Government.ObjectivesWe wished to review the benefits of introducing LAB (Buvidal) into treatment during the pandemic.MethodsThis service development review of the first 73 patients treated with LAB (24mg/96mg rapid titration Welsh protocol) was analysed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves.Results43 (58%) male, 30 (41%) female. &lt;25years=1, 38 (52%) aged 25-40, 34 (47%) 40-55. Prior to LAB 14% (10 people) using Espranor, 8% (6) Buprenorphine, 28% (20) Methadone. 50% (36) illicit opiates (mainly Heroin). We had continuous data for patients for up to 9 months of LAB. Two stopped for non-discontinuation reasons: One wanted to detox, one died of natural causes (LAB-unrelated). Both were excluded from discontinuation rate analysis. 55 people have data for over a month. Of these, 11 discontinued treatment. 80% remained on LAB for 1 month or more [95%CI 67-90%]. Kaplan-Meier plots showed similar discontinuation rates when comparing different OST programmes or none prior to LAB, and comparing by age, sex and initial illness severity (CGI severity). These rates all far exceeded data for traditional OST. CGI scores dramatically improved, even at one week. By month 2 all scores “much improved” or “very much improved”.ConclusionsBuvidal (LAB) has 80% retention rates, regardless of underlying prescribed/illicit opioid /demographics. The commonly held belief that those on heroin are further from Recovery than those more stable on OAD may be incorrect. LAB may be a more acceptable and useful first line therapy that other OSTsDisclosure Dr Melichar has provided consultancy work, presentations, training and chaired panel discussions for all the companies in this area in the UK and some outside the UK. Recent work includes Althea (UK), Britannia (UK), Camurus (UK and Global), Martindale (U

RuralCovidLife: A new resource for the impact of the pandemic on rural Scotland.

RuralCovidLife is part of Generation Scotland's CovidLife project, investigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and mitigation measures on people in Scotland. The RuralCovidLife project focuses on Scotland's rural communities, and how they have been impacted by the pandemic. During survey development, Generation Scotland consulted with people living or working in rural communities, and collaborated with a patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) group composed of rural community leaders. Through this consultation work, the RuralCovidLife survey was developed to assess the issues most pertinent to people in rural communities, such as mental health, employment, transport, connectivity, and local communities. Between 14th October and 30th November 2020, 3,365 participants from rural areas in Scotland took part in the survey. Participant ages ranged from 16 to 96 (mean = 58.4, standard deviation [SD] = 13.3), and the majority of the participants were female (70.5%). Over half (51.3%) had taken part in the original CovidLife survey. RuralCovidLife includes a subsample (n = 523) of participants from the Generation Scotland cohort. Pre-pandemic data on health and lifestyle, as well as biological samples, are available for these participants. These participants' data can also be linked to past and future healthcare records, allowing analysis of retrospective and prospective health outcomes. Like Generation Scotland, RuralCovidLife is designed as a resource for researchers. RuralCovidLife data, as well as the linked Generation Scotland data, is available for use by external researchers following approval from the Generation Scotland Access Committee. RuralCovidLife can be used to investigate mental health, well-being, and behaviour in participants living in rural areas during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as comparisons with non-rural samples. Moreover, the sub-sample with full Generation Scotland data and linkage can be used to investigate the long-term health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in rural communities.

P130 Pharmacist-led osteoporosis telephone service

Background/AimsThe COVID-19 pandemic has made finding ways to consult suitable patients remotely a priority. We have introduced a telephone assessment clinic, run by our departmental pharmacist, to assess and treat patients with osteoporosis who have been referred from primary care for consideration of parenteral bone sparing therapy.MethodsPatients with osteoporosis who have been referred from primary care were triaged electronically into a fortnightly telephone assessment clinic, according to pre-specified criteria. Prior to the appointment, information leaflets about osteoporosis, and treatments for this condition were posted to the patients. The telephone consultation was carried out and patient demographics, risk factors for fracture, bone density results, FRAX / NOGG assessment, treatment decisions, and other clinical details were recorded on a pro-forma. A satisfaction survey was sent out to each patient following consultation.ResultsSixty patients were assessed between July 2020 and April 2021. Fifty-seven (95%) were female, and the mean age was 71 years. Following consultation, twenty-one were commenced on zoledronic acid, eighteen on denosumab, three on teriparatide and eighteen no treatments /other. Average time from referral to consultation was 1.75 months. Thirty-four patient satisfaction surveys were returned. Twenty-nine (85%) patients said they would be happy for consultations via telephone in the future, with twenty-five patients (74%) either likely or highly likely to recommend telephone consultation to family or friends. When asked to compare their experience of telephone to face-to-face consultations; twenty (58%) reported being indifferent, four (12%) said their experience was poorer or significantly poorer than face-to-face, and ten (29%) said their experience was better or significantly better. Mean saving on travel expenses was £0-£5 (41% of patients) with four patients (12%) saving £21+. Mean mileage saved was < 5 miles (33% of patients), with seven patients (21%) saving 30+ miles on travel.ConclusionThis study reveals that patients, overall, had a positive experience with a pharmacist-led telephone consultation. Such clinics could be implemented across other areas of our rheumatology service, if clinically appropriate; reducing unnecessary patient contact, reducing consultant work load and optimally utilizing skills of the wider multi-disciplinary team. Face-to-face consultations still have an essential role where physical examination may be required, or patients have communication barriers. Our sample size was small, and data collection is on-going.Disclosure N. Rusby: None. M. Bridges: None.

Increasing the Efficiency of The Romanian Tourism Sector by Improving the Service Management and using Mathematical Modeling

Abstract The topicality and necessity of the topic is motivated by the usefulness and necessity of approaching, from a new perspective, the development of the southeastern region of Romania through some important features in the increasingly challenging era of the prohibitions imposed by COVID 19, some knowledge which tries to answer the increasing complexity of economic and social realities, interactive and innovative approaches, analysis and promotion of the natural and anthropic potential of this tourist area and tourism enterprises, activities accomplished by them and attracting foreign investors, practices made public by managers in the tourism sector. Viewing the statistics on the development and delivery of quality in national and regional tourism, identifying long-term strategies, insufficiently studied, can determine a continuous improvement in the quality of tourism products and services, combined with managerial practices to meet the tourists’ needs, facilitating the growth of the profits. In order to improve the quality of the services in the tourism sector, by training / qualifying the staff, the customer orientation through some tourism promotion and information policy, the conservation and preservation of the sustainable environment, the visualization of managerial practices, methods of investigation, analysis, survey, questionnaire, observation, comparison, being completed more stages: documentation (consultation of representative works in the tourism sector), then the research of some empirical facts (practical reality data), fact which gives the whole approach the character of scientific work. Given the specificity of the data, the Spearman correlation coefficient and the Hi correlation coefficient (x2) were used to analyze the links and correlations between different items and different variables related to the sample, to validate the research hypotheses.

Barriers and facilitators to family caregiver training during home health care: A multisite qualitative analysis.

BackgroundDuring Medicare home health care (HHC), family caregiver assistance is often integral to implementing the care plan and avoiding readmission. Family caregiver training delivered by HHC clinicians (nurses and physical therapists [PTs]) helps ensure caregivers' ability to safely assist when HHC staff are not present. Yet, family caregiver training needs often go unmet during HHC, increasing the risk of adverse patient outcomes. There is a critical knowledge gap regarding challenges HHC clinicians face in providing necessary family caregiver training.MethodsMultisite qualitative study using semi‐structured, in‐depth key informant interviews with Registered Nurses (n = 11) and PTs (n = 8) employed by four HHC agencies. Participating agencies were diverse in rurality, scale, ownership, and geographic region. Key informant interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using directed content analysis to identify existing facilitators and barriers to family caregiver training during HHC.ResultsClinicians had an average of 9.3 years (range = 1.5–23 years) experience in HHC, an average age of 45.1 years (range = 28–63 years), and 95% were female. Clinicians identified facilitators and barriers to providing family caregiver training at the individual, interpersonal, and structural levels. The most salient factors included clinician–caregiver communication and rapport, accuracy of hospital discharge information, and access to resources such as additional visits and social work consultation. Clinicians noted the COVID‐19 pandemic introduced additional challenges to providing family caregiver training, including caregivers' reduced access to hospital staff prior to discharge.ConclusionsHHC clinicians identified a range of barriers and facilitators to delivering family caregiver training during HHC; particularly highlighting the role of clinician–caregiver communication. To support caregiver training in this setting, there is a need for updated reimbursement structures supporting greater visit flexibility, improved discharge communication between hospital and HHC, and structured communication aids to facilitate caregiver engagement and assessment.

Negotiating mental illness across the lay-professional divide: Role play in peer work consultations.

Patient involvement is a prominent policy aim in modern health care. Today, mental health services employ peer workers (PWs) who have personal experiences with mental illness. Based on 22 interviews with PWs and 26 audio recordings of real‐life consultations, we show how PWs talk about their personal experiences as professional qualifications. Furthermore, we demonstrate how in real‐life encounters, PWs and patients convert personal experiences into a professional approach through an interactionist role play that balance PWs role as former patients and current professionals. Our analysis shows that PWs combine the personal pronoun ‘I’ (stressing that it is personal) with the indefinite pronoun ‘one’ (referring to generalised patient experiences) when they recount illness experiences. This convey that PWs engage with mental illness as both a personal and professional topic. In addition, the analysis shows that PWs (and patients) use professional clues to manifest PWs’ positions as professionals. Overall, the article demonstrates that instead of focussing on authentic patient relationships, as previous research has done, it is beneficial to investigate peer work from a symbolic interactionist approach revealing how PWs and patients skilfully manoeuvre the contradictions embedded in the PWs’ dual role as former patients and current professionals.

Child Abuse and the COVID-19 Pandemic.

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has widespread effects, including enhanced psychosocial stressors and stay-at-home orders which may be associated with higher rates of child abuse. We aimed to evaluate rates of child abuse, neglect, and inadequate supervision during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsPatients ≤5 y old admitted to a level one pediatric trauma center between 3/19/20-9/19/20 (COVID-era) were compared to a pre-COVID cohort (3/19/19-9/19/19). The primary outcome was the rate of child abuse, neglect, or inadequate supervision, determined by Child Protection Team and Social Work consultations. Secondary outcomes included injury severity score (ISS), mortality, and discharge disposition.ResultsOf 163 total COVID-era pediatric trauma patients, 22 (13.5%) sustained child abuse/neglect, compared to 17 of 206 (8.3%) pre-COVID era patients (P = 0.13). The ISS was similar between cohorts (median 9 pre-COVID versus 5 COVID-era, P = 0.23). There was one mortality in the pre-COVID era and none during COVID (P = 0.45). The rate of discharge with someone other than the primary caregiver at time of injury was significantly higher pre-COVID (94.1% versus 59.1%, P = 0.02). In addition, foster family placement rate was twice as high pre-COVID (50.0% versus 22.7%, P = 0.10).ConclusionsThe rate of abuse/neglect among young pediatric trauma patients during COVID did not differ compared to pre-pandemic, but discharge to a new caregiver was significantly lower. While likely multifactorial, this data suggests that resources during COVID may have been limited and the clinical significance of this is concerning. Larger studies are warranted to further evaluate COVID-19's effect on this vulnerable population.

Implementing an inpatient postpartum depression screening, education, and referral program: a quality improvement initiative

Perinatal mood and anxiety disorders are common and may interfere with pregnancy, delivery, and the postpartum period. Best practice includes symptom screening, patient education, and appropriate referrals; however, many hospitals struggle to identify and support perinatal mood and anxiety disorders patients. Therefore, the Cedars-Sinai Postpartum Depression Screening, Education and Referral Program was initiated and evaluated. Using the Standards for QUality Improvement Reporting Excellence 2.0 guidelines, we reported outcomes (N=19,564 deliveries) from 4 interventions: (1) nurse-champion training; (2) use of the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in the postpartum unit; (3) a series of brief in-service trainings; and (4) a 10-minute video training. We collected data including nurse feedback, screening rates, screen-positive rates, and social work consultation rates. The 4 interventions increased: (1) nurse-champion screening comfort and perinatal mood and anxiety disorder knowledge; (2) Patient Health Questionnaire-9 screening rates from 10% to 99% and screen-positive rates from 0.04% to 2.9%; and (3) rates of social work consultation from 1.7% to 8.4%. Quality improvement results from the first 3 years of the program suggest that 4 interventions improved screening rates, screen-positive rates, and social work consultation rates. Future work will focus on method of screening, patients at highest risk of perinatal mood and anxiety disorders, and ongoing nurse training.