Landscape Construction Research Articles

Construction of a cross-species cell landscape at single-cell level.

Individual cells are basic units of life. Despite extensive efforts to characterize the cellular heterogeneity of different organisms, cross-species comparisons of landscape dynamics have not been achieved. Here, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to map organism-level cell landscapes at multiple life stages for mice, zebrafish and Drosophila. By integrating the comprehensive dataset of > 2.6 million single cells, we constructed a cross-species cell landscape and identified signatures and common pathways that changed throughout the life span. We identified structural inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction as the most common hallmarks of organism aging, and found that pharmacological activation of mitochondrial metabolism alleviated aging phenotypes in mice. The cross-species cell landscape with other published datasets were stored in an integrated online portal-Cell Landscape. Our work provides a valuable resource for studying lineage development, maturation and aging.

‘It's in the air here’: Atmosphere(s) of incarceration

Contrary to descriptions of a desensitising situation – with restrictions on movement, monotonous regimes and sparse surroundings – much research highlights imprisonment as sensorially and emotionally powerful. Following work within the ‘turn to affect’ that focuses on non-verbal, non-conscious and, often, non-human embodied experiences, scholars have attended to how such elements cohere into ‘atmospheres’. Whilst the language of atmosphere is synonymous with the prison – a space that is widely anecdotally considered to conjure a particular ‘feeling’ – discussion of the mechanisms for and experiences of atmospheric production and consumption in this space has, thus far, evaded scholarly attention. Atmosphere is a word often used in prison literature, but it is rarely analytically unpacked. Accordingly, drawing on qualitative research data from individuals designing, and working and living in prisons, we focus on how various components – including aesthetics, olfaction, temperature, and the performances that arise from them – comprise sensory atmospheric affects in prison. In doing so, we find atmosphere(s) emerge – not simply from the materiality of the prison itself, but from cultural constructions of carceral and non-carceral landscapes and in conjunction with personal practice and preference. Accordingly, the prison is tied to particular constructions about what a prison should feel like and how people should (re)act to/in such spaces. In some cases, prison designers attempt to engineer particular atmospheres that cohere with wider political motivations around penal philosophies. However, despite the common reflection that prisons generate some kind of atmosphere, respondents are unable to offer a concrete description of what this may be, and much of our data highlights a definite precarity and changeability to atmospheric affect, which is likely to raise ambiguity around attempts to design carceral atmospheres.

Three-dimensional characterization and calculation of highway space visual perception

To quantify the impact of three-dimensional highway spatial characteristics on drivers' visual perception, this study analyzes the measurement points of highway spatial visual perception from the perspectives of spatial visual depression and spatial visual continuity based on spatial perception theory. Based on the hemispherical field of view, a spatial enclosure calculation method improved by "Distance/Height value" is proposed. A three-dimensional quantification model of the build-to-line ratio, including the vertical direction, was established using the relative relationship between the maximum section plane and the road area. Finally, a 3D real-scene model of the demonstration highway section was established, the proposed three-dimensional quantization method of visual perception of highway space was applied, and the road area landscape construction and promotion strategy is proposed based on the quantitative calculation results. The results show that: the overall landscape space of the highway section is undulating and that there is a lack of visual continuity. It is advisable to plant an appropriate amount of vegetation on the side of the road at 0 m–250 m and 500 m–700 m of the road section to reduce the fluctuation of its enclosure and enhance its spatial continuity. The improved quantitative results of the spatial enclosure degree and the three-dimensional build-to-line ratio can well characterize the spatial visual depression and the spatial visual continuity and can provide a basis and support for road space reorganization and the improvement of landscape construction.

Applying paper material to landscape architecture design: a systematic review and a pioneer experiment (1995 – 2020)

With the support of new technology, recyclable paper is capable of being both waterproof and fireproof, and it has been used in architectural design to some extent. However, there are limited studies on the use of paper materials in landscape architecture. The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential of paper materials practice in landscape architecture design from both functional and aesthetic perspectives. The method includes two parts: 1. a systematic review to investigate paper’s properties and capabilities to demonstrate it is qualified as a landscape construction material; 2. Provide a prototype to illustrate how to use paper materials in a practical landscape design. This paper found that the application of paper materials in landscape architecture has the following benefits: low-cost material, easy assemble and removal, build fast, easy transport, recyclable, unique material aesthetic feeling, low technical requirement, educational. Through a systematic review and case studies, this study explored the practical application value of paper materials in landscape architecture, and provided a feasible idea and direction for the landscape architecture industry to practice the concept of sustainable development.

A Study on Safety Management Indicators for Landscape Construction Field

A Study on Safety Management Indicators for Landscape Construction Field

3D Image Based on Visual Sensor in Public Space Landscape Model

With the rapid development of the times, the computing of the internet of things and the industry go hand in hand, the application of visual sensors is becoming more and more extensive, and the image fusion technology and target recognition technology have been further improved. It can be said that it is a hot topic at home and abroad high-end technology. With the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, the specific requirements for the quality of life are gradually increasing. The landscape construction of public space has become a topic of discussion. People are becoming more and more stringent about the landscape environment around them. Landscape designers also feel distressed by this and pursue this higher level, which can not only improve the living environment, but also make people being able to live and work in peace, and contentment is an honor for the landscape architect. Therefore, this study builds an excellent public space landscape model based on the 3D image processing of the visual sensor, establishes the coverage relationship table through the genetic algorithm and the greedy algorithm, and then uses the infrared image segmentation method of the local entropy combined with the region growth method to segment the 3D image of the vision sensor. Then, we use the multi-image fusion method based on the dimensional closeness to merge and finally analyze the public space landscape model with extremely high integrity. Moreover, this study also discusses the analysis results of temperature and time on the integrity of the landscape model. Between 35.5°C and 36.7°C, from 12 o’clock to 14 o’clock, the integrity of the public space landscape model is as high as 97.2%.

Artificiality and Naturalness: Semi-underground Houses and Their Role in the Construction of a Sustainable Urban Landscape

Artificiality and Naturalness: Semi-underground Houses and Their Role in the Construction of a Sustainable Urban Landscape

Applicational study on the edible university landscape under COVID-19 epidemic circumstance

All of universities or colleges have to solve the big challenges from the outbreak of COVID-19. Quarantining of Campus has been being the regular management policy, the activities of all students were restricted inside the campus. Under such status, campus landscape quality. In this study, the concept of Edible Landscape has been introduced into the campus planning and designing. The construction principles of healing, practicality, ecology, economy and adaptation to local conditions were illustrated, in the light of COVID-19 controlling and prevention. Furthermore, a construction strategy of edible landscape in assisting related teaching and researching activities, taking away negative emotions, and producing fresh and delicious fruits and vegetables, which can offset the shortcoming of traditional landscape of ornamental-value-centered. The construction principles and strategies of this paper put forward novel thinking and references to carry out the construction and development of campus landscape with ecology, healthy and effective traits, to the application of edible and pluralistic school landscape.

Exploring online opinion leadership in the network paradigm: An analysis of influential users on Twitter shaping conversations around anthem protests by prominent athletes

The current study seeks to extend the network paradigm in public relations research by exploring the role of online opinion leaders in Twitter conversations around anthem protests by prominent athletes. The aim of the study is twofold: (1) identify opinion leaders involved in Twitter conversations related to anthem protests by Colin Kaepernick and Megan Rapinoe, and (2) further understand how and why social media users participate in conversations online about controversial subjects. The study combines social network analysis with in-depth interviews to adopt a more holistic framework for studying online opinion leadership in the context of public relations research. Ultimately, results from this study extend the network paradigm in public relations by examining the role of individual users in the construction of the discursive landscape around issue networks. Additionally, findings suggest that online opinion leaders should be differentiated from social media influencers in public relations scholarship as they reflect the movement away from Homo Economicus toward Homo Dialogicus (Kent & Taylor, 2016) and their capacity to facilitate the formation of publics and counterpublics around particular issues.

Analysis of the Combination Method of Landscape Design and Landscape Construction

Analysis of the Combination Method of Landscape Design and Landscape Construction

Construction of the axolotl cell landscape using combinatorial hybridization sequencing at single-cell resolution

The Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) is a well-established tetrapod model for regeneration and developmental studies. Remarkably, neotenic axolotls may undergo metamorphosis, a process that triggers many dramatic changes in diverse organs, accompanied by gradually decline of their regeneration capacity and lifespan. However, the molecular regulation and cellular changes in neotenic and metamorphosed axolotls are still poorly investigated. Here, we develop a single-cell sequencing method based on combinatorial hybridization to generate a tissue-based transcriptomic landscape of the neotenic and metamorphosed axolotls. We perform gene expression profiling of over 1 million single cells across 19 tissues to construct the first adult axolotl cell landscape. Comparison of single-cell transcriptomes between the tissues of neotenic and metamorphosed axolotls reveal the heterogeneity of non-immune parenchymal cells in different tissues and established their regulatory network. Furthermore, we describe dynamic gene expression patterns during limb development in neotenic axolotls. This system-level single-cell analysis of molecular characteristics in neotenic and metamorphosed axolotls, serves as a resource to explore the molecular identity of the axolotl and facilitates better understanding of metamorphosis.

Environmental landscape and subsistence strategy of the Shunshanji Culture: A review.

The Shunshanji Culture is the earliest known Neolithic culture in the mid-lower Huai River. In recent years, with new discoveries and deeper studies of the Shunshanji Culture, the concept of the Shunshanji cultural site group has gradually formed. Among them, various types of rice remains have been unearthed in large quantities, which provide key materials for discussing rice farming, rice cultivation and domestication, and related issues in the Huai River Basin. Previous studies have conducted reconstruction of local vegetation landscape and analysis of subsistence strategies on some systematically excavated Shunshanji cultural sites and obtained some new understandings. Integrative research, however, is lacking. In this review, we combine the construction of the local environmental landscape with the settlement landform within the Shunshanji cultural site group and then incorporate it into the regional environmental evolution of the mid-lower Huai River. The consistency and difference in their subsistence were also summarized. In particular, we focus on the relevant clues of the early paddy field cultivation system in the region and perform comparative studies.

Landscape management alters relationships between edaphic conditions, bacterial diversities, and nitrogen-cycling traits

Urbanization has dramatic effects on riparian ecosystem functioning. China implemented ecological restoration through the landscape construction of riverside green spaces. Soil microbiome restoration is key to the recovery of riverside ecosystem functioning. However, it remains unknown how restoration strategies affect biodiversity-function relationship. Here we examined bacterial communities and functional profiles using high-throughput sequencing, quantitative polymerase chain reaction in adjacent pairs of landscaped and undeveloped riparian green spaces. We also explored how soil properties, bacterial communities, and functions interact using structural equation modeling. Results showed that the landscaped system had higher soil nutrients and moisture, and more uniform bacterial alpha and beta diversity than the undeveloped system. Landscaped systems harbored more abundant denitrification genes, while undeveloped systems had more abundant nitrification genes. In the landscaped system, bacterial alpha diversity is independent of soil factors and negatively correlated with multiple nitrogen-cycling processes. In resource-limited undeveloped system, bacterial alpha diversity negatively responded to soil nutrients, but positively affected nitrification. Moreover, soil nutrients negatively and positively impacted denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), respectively in the undeveloped system. In the landscaped system, high soil moisture promoted denitrification and anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation), which contributed to nitrogen loss. Collectively, landscape management influenced bacterial diversity, function, and their relationship by altering soil resource.

Response of Soil Fauna to the Shift in a Riparian Landscape along an Urban-Rural Habitat Gradient.

Urbanization is accelerating worldwide, resulting in drastic alterations of natural riverbanks, which seriously affects the ecological functions and services of riparian landscapes. Our understanding of how anthropogenic activities influence soil animal communities within riparian zones is scarce. The soil fauna represents an important biotic component of the soil ecosystem and greatly contributes to soil structure and fertility formation. We investigated the richness, abundance, diversity, and distribution of soil animal groups, including macro- and mesofauna, in different riparian landscapes along an urban–rural habitat gradient. In natural riparian zones with permeable revetments, the soil fauna was richest and most abundant, mainly because of the low levels of human disturbance and the more suitable habitat conditions. Different soil animal groups responded differently to revetment type and distance from the water flow. The hygrophilous soil mesofauna, requiring a more humid environment, was more sensitive to shifts in revetment types, the location on the riverbank, and the seasons. In summer, when precipitation in the study area was highest, the abundance of the hygrophilous soil mesofauna was significantly higher than in autumn. Distance from the water flow significantly affected the abundance of the hygrophilous soil mesofauna. Our results demonstrated that hygrophilous soil mesofauna can serve as a good indicator in riparian zones, reflecting the hydrological conditions. We also observed interactions between revetment type and distance from the water flow; the distance effect was stronger in the natural riparian zone with a permeable revetment type. Our results highlight the importance of anthropogenic effects on soil ecosystem processes and functions in riparian landscapes, and the necessity of protecting and retaining the natural riverbank and native vegetation patches in riparian landscape planning and construction.

Hector Vigliecca and social housing proposals: building urban landscape

This article analysis the construction of urban landscape through housing, more specifically, social housing in the work of architect Hector Vigliecca, and aims to analyze the architect's social housing projects, seeking to understand the design strategies used to establish a very consistent relationship between architecture and the city, that is, the strategies used to “build the city”.

Intelligent Construction and Management of Landscapes through Building Information Modeling and Mixed Reality

Intelligent construction and management processes are essential to ensure the efficiency of planting and maintenance of landscapes in large-scale projects. Unfortunately, various challenges still exist for achieving such a vision. For instance, creating detailed models of various plants to precisely capture the spatiotemporal changes is challenging. Moreover, transmitting massive plant-related data in time for project coordination and remote maintenance is also difficult through traditional landscape management practices. Integrated use of building information modeling (BIM) and mixed reality (MR) techniques could help establish digital representations of various plants with semantic information. Such integration of BIM and MR offers instinctual interactions by blending the physical and digital worlds. This study proposed an intelligent construction and management framework through BIM and MR to (1) establish detailed models of various plants, (2) capture spatiotemporal changes of plants across four seasons for model updating, and (3) establish a real-time data transmission method for effective project coordination and remote maintenance of various plants. The authors used the Jinhu Park project in the Xiong’an New District of China as a case study to validate the proposed method. Results show that the proposed method could support the sustainable development of landscapes in real practice.

Food festivals as builders of the image of a tourist destination

ABSTRACT This paper analyses how the image of a tourist destination is built through food festivals and the role played by the stakeholders in the image construction process. The study is based on a food festival in the municipality of L'Hospitalet de Llobregat close to Barcelona. The conceptual framework is based on tourist destination image construction, focusing on the role of local agents and particularly their use of social media. Content analysis of the induced image provided by local agents and the image perceived by tourists was conducted on social media platforms Facebook and Tripadvisor. The results suggest that local associations promoting and organizing food festivals can influence destination image by enhancing local identity and culture and reshaping the mental construct of the urban landscape based on food. Affective image attributes based on emotions are particularly important in this process. From a practical point of view, the study highlights a gap between induced image by local agents and perceived image by tourists for the case of food festivals. Moreover, it challenges local food agents to understand how to strengthen their message and build narratives around gastronomy as a relevant attribute for tourists that may influence destination image.

Construction of Urban Landscape in Films by Ning Hao

As a new young director, Ning Hao has created a series of miracles with low-cost and high box office, and each work produced unexpected results with new visions among the audience, which is the concentrated embodiment of of the director's unique artistic temperament, known as "director with unique ability" in the industry. From connotation to extension, his works are permeated with the strong tension of surprise. The personality based discourse based on his unique characteristics, such as focuses on sensitive topics as the film clips in shooting, cult expression of audio-visual language, extreme rhetoric of film space, discussion on human nature in post-modern context, is constantly rewriting the solidified cognition of film ontology. Therefore, this paper takes films by Ning Hao as an example to extract the urban landscape in his film space for in-depth analysis with comprehensive explanation on the urban landscape in his works from multiple perspectives, such as construction mode, existence state and expression form.

Identitätsfindungsprozesse in einer Tagebau-folgelandschaft – vom Ausnutzen, Wandeln,Aneignen und Wertschätzen

In many places, Lusatia is viewed with negative connotations as a dying open-pit lignite mining area. This applies to outside perspectives in particular, but also corresponds to the self-image of many people in Lusatia. The cultural landscape resulting from open-cast mining is not perceived as such. One of the goals of the Land-Innovation-Lusatia project is to learn to read, understand and appreciate this landscape and to design and develop it based on this knowledge. Awareness of history and optimism about the future are mutually dependent. In this landscape construction site in Lusatia, attempts have been made for more than a century to recultivate, renature and redesign the landscapes that follow the depletion of the mining area, and thus to reshape the landscapes in line with the ideals and models of the prevailing zeitgeist. The mosaic of post-open pit landscape designs formed in this process over the last twelve decades constitutes a globally unique representation of human restoration of former open-cast mining landscapes through the ages. Lusatia can be understood as a globally unique showcase of the changing approaches to opencast mining recultivation over time. The goal of a World Heritage nomination of this landscape supports the social and cultural integration of this research in the region by enhancing the construction of an identity in Lusatia that proudly looks back on more than a century of innovative land use. The combination of unique, innovative land-use traditions with innovative and contemporary land-use research is intended to bring the Land-Innovation-Lusatia (LIL) research initiatives closer to the tradition-focused segments of the population and also increase the appreciation of them. But where and how do you start? This article aims to address these questions in more detail, explain the background to them and illuminate the identification process. Identity-finding processes in a former open-cast mining landscape – on exploiting, changing, assimilating and appreciating

ALGORITHMS AND ARCHITECTURE OF THE SOFTWARE SYSTEM OF AUTOMATED NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC LANDSCAPE GENERATION

Context. The problem of automation of the generation of natural and anthropogenic landscapes is considered. The subject of the research is methods of procedural generation of landscapes that quickly and realistically visualize natural and anthropogenic objects taking into account different levels of detail. 
 Objective. The goal of the work is to improve the rendering quality and efficiency of the procedural generation process of landscape surfaces at any level of detail based on the implementation of the developed method.
 Method. The proposed method of visualization involves the construction of a natural landscape using Bezier curves and surfaces and manual editing of individual segments; use of software agents that are responsible for individual steps of generating anthropogenic objects; adaptation of anthropogenic objects to the characteristics of natural landscapes; containerization of three-dimensional objects, which is used in various steps to organize the storage and loading of objects efficiently. A generated heightmap based on the Perlin noise algorithm is used to construct surfaces on individual segments of the natural landscape. Landscape processing software agents are used to unify the design of algorithms for creating and processing information about anthropogenic objects. Correct application operation and error resistance is guaranteed due to the inheritance of a specific interface by all implementations of agents. Containerization with two-level caching ensures the efficiency of display detailing. 
 Results. The developed method is implemented programmatically, and its efficiency is investigated for different variants of input data, which to the greatest extent determine the complexity of visualization objects. 
 Conclusions. The conducted experiments confirmed the efficiency of the proposed algorithmic software and its viability in practice in solving problems of automated landscape generation. Prospects for further research include improvement and expansion of the algorithms for procedural landscape generation, functionality complication of manual visualized object processing, and division of individual objects into separate hierarchies of containers.