Construction Of Hierarchy Research Articles

Supervertex Sampling Network: A Geodesic Differential SLIC Approach for 3D Mesh.

The analysis of 3D meshes with deep learning has become prevalent in computer graphics. As an essential structure, hierarchical representation is critical for mesh pooling in multiscale analysis. Existing clustering-based mesh hierarchy construction methods involve nonlinear discretization optimization operations, making them nondifferential and challenging to embed in other trainable networks for learning. Inspired by deep superpixel learning methods in image processing, we extend them from 2D images to 3D meshes by proposing a novel differentiable chart-based segmentation method named geodesic differential supervertex (GDSV). The key to the GDSV method is to ensure that the geodesic position updates are differentiable while satisfying the constraint that the renewed supervertices lie on the manifold surface. To this end, in addition to using the differential SLIC clustering algorithm to update the nonpositional features of the supervertices, a reparameterization trick, the Gumbel-Softmax trick, is employed to renew the geodesic positions of the supervertices. Therefore, the geodesic position update problem is converted into a linear matrix multiplication issue. The GDSV method can be an independent module for chart-based segmentation tasks. Meanwhile, it can be combined with the front-end feature learning network and the back-end task-specific network as a plug-in-plug-out module for training; and be applied to tasks such as shape classification, part segmentation, and 3D scene understanding. Experimental results show the excellent performance of our proposed algorithm on a range of datasets.

Same difference, different sameness: gender-navigating the denominational maze in a Christian African context

ABSTRACT The large and growing denominational diversity of sub-Saharan Christianity has attracted considerable scholarly attention, but its implications for individual experiences and well-being remain poorly understood. I examine women’s perceptions, assessments, and practices in everyday construction of church idiosyncrasies, clustering, and hierarchies and women’s abilities and propensities to navigate along and across the corresponding organisational boundaries in a predominantly Christian setting in rural Mozambique. The analysis uses a combination of data from a census of religious congregations, a household survey, in-depth interviews, and participant observation conducted over a decade. It demonstrates that women’s church involvement is socially indispensable yet also subjectively non-binding. Accordingly, church boundaries, while clearly delineated and recognised, are also seen as highly permeable. This permeability facilitates the crossing of those boundaries but may also disincentivise such crossing. Although rural women are increasingly capable of navigating through the religious space, they are generally precluded from exiting that space altogether, as secular options for non-family social anchoring remain very limited in this and other similar low-income patriarchal contexts.

SKdV, SmKdV flows and their supersymmetric gauge-Miura transformations

The construction of Integrable Hierarchies in terms of zero curvature representation provides a systematic construction for a series of integrable non-linear evolution equations (flows) which shares a common affine Lie algebraic structure. The integrable hierarchies are then classified in terms of a decomposition of the underlying affine Lie algebra $\hat {\cal{G}} $ into graded subspaces defined by a grading operator $Q$. In this paper we shall discuss explicitly the simplest case of the affine $\hat {sl}(2)$ Kac-Moody algebra within the principal gradation given rise to the KdV and mKdV hierarchies and extend to supersymmetric models. It is known that the positive mKdV sub-hierachy is associated to some positive odd graded abelian subalgebra with elements denoted by $E^{(2n+1)}$. Each of these elements in turn, defines a time evolution equation according to time $t=t_{2n+1}$. An interesting observation is that for negative grades, the zero curvature representation allows both, even or odd sub-hierarchies. In both cases, the flows are non-local leading to integro-differential equations. Whilst positive and negative odd sub-hierarchies admit zero vacuum solutions, the negative even admits strictly non-zero vacuum solutions. Soliton solutions can be constructed by gauge transforming the zero curvature from the vacuum into a non trivial configuration (dressing method). Inspired by the dressing transformation method, we have constructed a gauge-Miura transformation mapping mKdV into KdV flows. Interesting new results concerns the negative grade sector of the mKdV hierarchy in which a double degeneracy of flows (odd and its consecutive even) of mKdV are mapped into a single odd KdV flow. These results are extended to supersymmetric hierarchies based upon the affine $\hat {sl}(2,1)$ super-algebra.

Извлечение научно-технических фактов из отраслевых документов на основе методов семантико-синтаксического и концептуального анализа

<p>Extraction of scientific and technical facts is a difficult task in terms of correctness of the obtained information. The proposed fact extraction model is based on clear ideas about the semantic structure of the text, expressed as a hierarchy of syntactic constructions of meaning units, which allows identifying interphrase relations in contacted sentences. Individual words, word combinations inherent to a particular subject area and forming its conceptual composition are used as meaning units. The procedures of phraseological, conceptual and semantic-syntactic analysis of texts are used to process the source text.</p>

Coupling cloud theory and concept hierarchy construction early warning thresholds for deformation safety of tailings dam

Coupling cloud theory and concept hierarchy construction early warning thresholds for deformation safety of tailings dam

Parallel Algorithms for Hierarchical Nucleus Decomposition

Nucleus decompositions have been shown to be a useful tool for finding dense subgraphs. The coreness value of a clique represents its density based on the number of other cliques it is adjacent to. One useful output of nucleus decomposition is to generate a hierarchy among dense subgraphs at different resolutions. However, existing parallel algorithms for nucleus decomposition do not generate this hierarchy, and only compute the coreness values. This paper presents a scalable parallel algorithm for hierarchy construction, with practical optimizations, such as interleaving the coreness computation with hierarchy construction and using a concurrent union-find data structure in an innovative way to generate the hierarchy. We also introduce a parallel approximation algorithm for nucleus decomposition, which achieves much lower span in theory and better performance in practice. We prove strong theoretical bounds on the work and span (parallel time) of our algorithms. On a 30-core machine with two-way hyper-threading, our parallel hierarchy construction algorithm achieves up to a 58.84x speedup over the state-of-the-art sequential hierarchy construction algorithm by Sariyuce et al. and up to a 30.96x self-relative parallel speedup. On the same machine, our approximation algorithm achieves a 3.3x speedup over our exact algorithm, while generating coreness estimates with a multiplicative error of 1.33x on average.

Don’t Be Too Good at Reading Other People's Minds

Attribution of mental states is fundamental to our engagement with fiction. Crucially, its social content depends on mental states recursively “embedded” within each other; for instance, when a person doesn’t want other people to know about her intentions. Given that some characters seem to be consistently capable of embedding mental states on a higher level than others, this essay reviews factors that may influence authors’ constructions of such mindreading hierarchies as well as their reversals. The argument focuses on the reversal scenes in films Goodbye Lenin, The Lives of Others, and Never Look Away, and on prosocial emotions evoked by their depiction of a more equitable distribution of a presumably valuable and scarce resource, that is, access to other people's minds.

Narratives of inequality. Towards an archaeology of structural violence in Late Iron Age Scandinavia

Abstract To date, traditional narratives of the Late Iron Age have focused almost exclusively on discussions of the elite. These were the martial rulers and major landholders who occupied the upper strata of Scandinavian society. The lives of lower-status population groups, including enslaved and other ‘unfree’ or dependent peoples such as landless farmers, have long been marginalized in archaeological discourse. We have little knowledge of the ways in which the lifeways of subaltern peoples were shaped by the construction and maintenance of socio-political hierarchies and networks, or of how social inequality permeated and impacted the daily lives of communities. In this article, the authors propose that the concept of structural violence, developed by sociologist Johan Galtung, has the potential to offer an interdisciplinary framework for multi-proxy studies of (bio)archaeological and textual data.

Return-to-Work Coordinators' Perceptions of Their Roles Relative to Workers: A Discourse Analysis.

This paper describes how Canadian Return to Work coordinators (RTWC) framed their job roles relative to workers in ways that went beyond the usual professional norms of helping worker recovery. In-depth interviews were conducted with 47 RTWCs across Canada in 2018-2019. We used critical discourse analysis to analyze the way coordinators viewed workers in the complex, multi-stakeholder system of RTW. We identified four ways that RTWCs positioned themselves relative to workers: as trust builders, experts, detectives and motivators. These roles reflected RTWCs position within the system; however, their discourse also contributed to the construction of a moral hierarchy that valued worker motivation and framed some workers as attempting to exploit the RTW system. RTWCs' positions of power in the coordination process warrant further investigation of how they exercise judgement and discretion, particularly when the process depends on their ability to weigh evidence and manage cases in what might be seen as an objective and fair manner.

Exploring Hierarchical Information in Hyperbolic Space for Self-Supervised Image Hashing.

In real-world datasets, visually related images often form clusters, and these clusters can be further grouped into larger categories with more general semantics. These inherent hierarchical structures can help capture the underlying distribution of data, making it easier to learn robust hash codes that lead to better retrieval performance. However, existing methods fail to make use of this hierarchical information, which in turn prevents the accurate preservation of relationships between data points in the learned hash codes, resulting in suboptimal performance. In this paper, our focus is on applying visual hierarchical information to self-supervised hash learning and addressing three key challenges, including the construction, embedding, and exploitation of visual hierarchies. We propose a new self-supervised hashing method named Hierarchical Hyperbolic Contrastive Hashing (HHCH), making breakthroughs in three aspects. First, we propose to embed continuous hash codes into hyperbolic space for accurate semantic expression since embedding hierarchies in the hyperbolic space generates less distortion than in the hyper-sphere or Euclidean space. Second, we update the K-Means algorithm to make it run in the hyperbolic space. The proposed hierarchical hyperbolic K-Means algorithm can achieve the adaptive construction of hierarchical semantic structures. Last but not least, to exploit the hierarchical semantic structures in hyperbolic space, we propose the hierarchical contrastive learning algorithm, including hierarchical instance-wise and hierarchical prototype-wise contrastive learning. Extensive experiments on four benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art self-supervised hashing methods. Our codes are released at https://github.com/HUST-IDSM-AI/HHCH.git.

Kyiv’s Minusnyky: Regime Bans for “Uncertain” Citizens

The article deals with a special category of residents of the capital of Ukraine who were recognized as “socially dangerous” and punished by expulsion from the city, along with a ban on settling in a number of areas of the USSR; as well as with categories of citizens who were banned from living in Kyiv for other reasons. Those expelled by judicial, and more often extrajudicial, authorities received a sentence where the territories prohibited for them were designated as “minus 6”, “minus 12”, and “minus 15” (the numbers meant the number of designated areas, and the word “minus” entered Soviet slang as a root construction of the concept of “minusnyky”, which denoted the community repressed and discriminated against in this way). These and other persons mentioned above had a corresponding entry made in their passports, which made it impossible for them to stay in the capital of the Ukrainian SSR. The purpose of the article is to reveal the Kyivans-minusnyky population, a category of repressed people who for a long time were practically “invisible” to researchers. It also aims to transfer the concept of “minusnyky” with all its narrow and broad connotations from Soviet repressive slang to the academic historical dictionary. The research objectives are to analyze the logic behind the creation of regime prohibitions for “socially dangerous” persons, to highlight certain stages of “cleansing”/“sanitation” of the capital of the Ukrainian SSR and the 50-km zone around it, to consider the circumstances of punishment and discrimination, and to reconstruct the process of adaptation of minuscule population to the regime’s everyday life. The research methodology combines the tools of historical and legal analysis, social anthropology, and the concept of social creation of space. The scientific novelty is to expand the general understanding of political terror and its consequences for the Kyiv community. The atmosphere of regime rule in the capital of Ukraine is analysed as an organic component of the functioning of the totalitarian regime and the punitive and repressive mechanism, the first turns of which occurred simultaneously with the seizure of power by the Bolsheviks. The author traces the progressive growth of the Kyiv minuscule group, the reasons for their acquisition of such a status and strategies for survival in exile. It is proved that in the arsenal of total terror, in addition to the most severe repressions, targeted geographical isolation was actively used against Kyiv residents, which became an effective means of “cleansing” the capital of the Ukrainian SSR from “socially dangerous” persons, a mechanism of social engineering of prolonged effect. The creation of a large detachment of Kyiv’s “minusnyky” was part of the process of atomization of society, construction of spatial hierarchy, and social alienation of people and territories.

Português como língua adicional em uma universidade brasileira: encontros em espaços de aprendizagem de línguas e conflitos entre formas de saber

ABSTRACT In this article I analyse narratives about Portuguese as an Additional Language (PAL) learning spaces within a Brazilian university in order to show how ways of knowing, or epistemic differences, can be tied to the production of linguistic differences. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with two PAL educators and one Japanese student. To conduct the analysis, I focus on the ways in which participants ‘scale the world’. This line of analysis demonstrated that participants construct hierarchies between learners and between knowledges based on ideas of West and East. In concluding, I argue that university administration and staff need to engage in urgent epistemological dialogue and praxis concerning language policy and practice in language learning spaces, in order to diminish the possibility of reproducing hegemonic knowledges.

URBAN GREEN SPACE IDENTIFICATION BY FUSING SATELLITE IMAGES FROM GF-2 AND SENTINEL-2

Abstract. This paper combines class hierarchy construction and feature-preferred random forest classification method, and the classification results are the best. In the urban center area with complex features, this method can be used to extract small and complex features more accurately, and for urban green spaces, small auxiliary green spaces between houses can be accurately extracted. This method first constructs a class hierarchy of four sizes, and then extracts different features from simple to complex, from large to small, and classifies them by membership function for the direct selection feature rules of easily extracted features. For the subdivision of green space and the classification of features in central complex areas, feature optimization is carried out, and the optimal feature combination is selected and then extreme random tree (ERT) classification is performed. The classification accuracy is the best 89.5%, and the classification results are analyzed correctly, which correctly distinguishes the smaller land categories in the central area, reduces the misclassification of grassland and agricultural land, and the classification results are optimal.

The Construction of Global Hierarchies through Disarmament Law

The Construction of Global Hierarchies through Disarmament Law

Re-imagining the Ambivalent: The Political Trajectory of Lungi from Pre-Colonial East Bangla to Post-Independent Bangladesh

Lungi, Bangladeshi men’s most common informal clothing, occupies an ambivalent position in the country’s sartorial culture because of its inherent status of being anti-modern and anti-formal. Bangladeshi postcolonial poet Kaiser Haq’s (2007) ground-breaking poem, “Ode on the Lungi '' and the growing body of academic papers focusing on the poem have already constructed lungi as a discursive symbol to challenge and decentralise the colonial construction of cultural hierarchies that underpinned such a postcolonial legacy of sartorial discrimination. Important as they are, these studies do not engage with lungi’s actual historical trajectories of resistance and struggle where men in lungi participated as active agents to challenge authoritative power regimes. By investigating the key episodes of “politics of the people'' (Guha, 1988, p. 40) from pre-colonial east Bangla to present-day Bangladesh, the paper reclaims lungi’s active yet metaphorical performative at each stage of collective struggles that ultimately led to the 1971 War of Independence (Muktijuddho), where lungi was the main attire of the male freedom fighters (Muktijoddhas). This paper argues that the national/cultural ambivalence around lungi in Bangladesh is rooted in its simultaneous trope of being a clothing of people who are at the edges of political power, yet their collective resistance can be subversive. This is one of the reasons why a ban on lungi in contemporary Bangladesh, although more common than before, often becomes a topic of heated debates and discussions among the educated, middle-class communities. Spectrum, Volume 17, June 2022: 47-65

Hexagon-based adaptive hierarchies for efficient point-in-spherical-polygon tests on GPUs

Point-in-spherical-polygon tests are a fundamental problem in computational geometry. For such tests, efficiency is much required for many global information processing matters, especially their real-time processing. Though many efforts have been made, it is still challenging due to the constraints from the non-Euclidean space of the sphere. Recently, a method is proposed to construct an Adaptive Hexagonal Hierarchical Grid (AHHG) to manage spherical polygon edges, by which the non-Euclidean space constraint of the sphere can be well handled to improve point-in-spherical-polygon tests. However, this method is very expensive in the construction of AHHGs, which prevents its use in practice. In this paper, we present novel measures to divide the task of AHHG construction into several subtasks to solve the problems that arise in the parallel construction of incongruent adaptive hierarchies, so we can exploit the parallel computing potential of GPUs for acceleration. We also develop measures to adaptively optimize the hierarchical levels of an AHHG for high efficiency. Experimental results show that we can answer 1,000,000 query points against dynamically varying spherical polygons in over 100,000 edges in real time on a personnel computer, where AHHGs for spherical polygons are individually constructed. This is much superior to the existing methods.

From “Chinese Colonist” to “Yellow Peril”: Capitalist Racialization in the British Empire

The literature on “racial capitalism” exhibits a tension between the term’s evocative power and its conceptual imprecision. This article navigates this tension by developing the mid-level concept of “capitalist racialization,” which specifies the role of capitalist abstractions in the construction of racial hierarchies. I elaborate this notion around the racialization of Chinese migration in nineteenth-century Southeast Asia. I focalize the figure of the “Chinese colonist” as an index of the capitalist standards by which British observers ordered colonial populations in their reflections on imperial political economy. I argue that the racial stereotype of “the Chinese” as commercial, industrious, and “colonizing” people emerged from the subsumption of colonial land and labor under capital. Their “colonizing” capacity rendered Chinese migrants simultaneously an economic asset to the British Empire and a potential threat to the white world order. “Capitalist racialization” therefore highlights new inroads into the entwined histories of capitalism, racism, and empire.

Integrable hierarchies, Frölicher–Nijenhuis bicomplexes and Lauricella bi-flat F-manifolds

Given the Frölicher-Nijenhuis bicomplex associated with a -tensor field L with vanishing Nijenhuis torsion, we define a multi-parameter family of bi-flat structures . This result is obtained by combining the construction of integrable hierarchies of hydrodynamic type starting from Frölicher-Nijenhuis bicomplexes with the construction of flat F-manifold structures from integrable systems of hydrodynamic type. By construction L is the operator of multiplication by the Euler vector field E and the number of parameters coincides with the number of Jordan blocks appearing in its Jordan normal form. We call these structures Lauricella bi-flat structures since in the n-dimensional semisimple case flat coordinates of are Lauricella functions. The -tensor fields defining the corresponding integrable hierarchies have a similar block diagonal structure.

Identification of vortex in unstructured mesh with graph neural networks

Deep learning has been employed to identify flow characteristics from Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) databases to assist the researcher to better understand the flow field, to optimize the geometry design and to select the correct CFD configuration for corresponding flow characteristics. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is one of the most popular algorithms used to extract and identify flow features. However its use, without any additional flow field interpolation, is limited to the simple domain geometry and regular meshes which limits its application to real industrial cases where complex geometry and irregular meshes are usually used. Aiming at the aforementioned problems, we present a Graph Neural Network (GNN) based model with U-Net architecture to identify the vortex in CFD results on unstructured meshes. The graph generation and graph hierarchy construction using algebraic multigrid method from CFD meshes are introduced. A vortex auto-labeling method is proposed to label vortex regions in 2D CFD meshes. We precise our approach by firstly optimizing the input set on CNNs, then benchmarking current GNN kernels against CNN model and evaluating the performances of GNN kernels in terms of classification accuracy, training efficiency and identified vortex morphology. Finally, we demonstrate the adaptability of our approach to unstructured meshes and generality to unseen cases with different turbulence models at different Reynolds numbers.

Distributed Multi-Agent Hierarchy Construction for Dynamic DCOPs in Mobile Sensor Teams

Coordinating multiple agents to optimize an objective has several real-world applications. In areas such as disaster rescue, environment monitoring and the like, mobile agents may be deployed to work as a team to achieve a joint goal. Recently, multi-agent problems involving mobile sensor teams have been formalized in the literature as DCOP_MSTs. Under this class of problems, DCOP algorithms are applied to enable agents to coordinate the assignment of their physical locations as they jointly optimize the team objective. In DCOP_MSTs, the environment is dynamic, and agents may leave or join the environment at random times. As a result, a predefined interaction topology or graph may not be useful over the problem horizon. Therefore, there is a need to study methods that could facilitate agent-to-agent interaction in such open and dynamic environments. Existing methods require reconstructing the entire graph upon detecting changes in the environment or assume a predefined interaction graph. In this study, we propose a dynamic multi-agent hierarchy construction algorithm that can be used by DCOP_MST algorithms that require a pseudo-tree for execution. We evaluate our proposed method in a simulated target detection case study to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach in large agent teams.