Constructive Approach Research Articles

Development of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) for Rapid Damage Runway Repair (RADARR) Time Planning at Military Airbases

The military airbase plays a crucial role in national defense, particularly in air defense. One of the most critical facilities at a military airbase for supporting air operations is the runway that serves as the area where fighter aircraft take off and land; hence. If such an event occurs, the Air Force’s capability, specifically the ability of fighter aircraft to take off and land, would be compromised, disrupting air operations. Therefore, the rapid damage runway repair (RADARR) method, aligned with the rigid pavement construction approach, is essential. The foundation of the construction implementation involves creating a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) as a reference for RADARR operation planning. This study aims to develop a WBS as the basis for RADARR operation time planning. The research method employed is a mixed-method approach with descriptive analysis. The variables under investigation include work packages, construction methods, work activities, and the duration of operations. This study comprises expert judgment, pilot surveys, respondent surveys, and focus group discussion (FGD) followed by the development of RADARR WBS, measure the operational time of RADARR through respondent surveys. These findings serve as a valuable reference for executing RADARR construction work within the military context.

Case Study on Advanced Hoisting, Positioning, and Control Techniques for Non-Standard Pier Construction in the Quanli-Dongfeng Viaduct Project

This study, reliant on practical projects, conducts an in-depth analysis of key technologies amid the construction of prefabricated viaducts. The primary focus is on the integrated hoisting, positioning, and control techniques for the bridge abutments and pier columns, culminating in a proposal of an innovative integrated and prefabricated construction approach. This approach optimizes the construction process and methods by factoring in the structural characteristics of different types of pier columns and addressing construction challenges. Simultaneously, it underscores the significance of material selection, prefabricated component design, and innovative construction techniques. The study also explores on-site management and quality control strategies to ensure the efficiency and safety of the construction process. The research indicates that this approach significantly improves construction efficiency, reduces safety risks, and solidly guarantees structural quality. These findings offer crucial theoretical and practical guidance for advancing the industrialization, modularization, and innovative development of construction techniques in bridge construction. They contribute to the continual optimization of technical innovation and engineering practices in the field of bridge construction.

Synergistic antimicrobial nanofiber membranes based on metal incorporated silica nanoparticles as advanced antimicrobial layers.

In this post-new-normal era, the public prioritizes preventive measures over curing, which is a constructive approach to staying healthy. In this study, an innovative antimicrobial membrane material has been developed, showcasing the promising potential for various applications. The metal-doped silica nanoparticles (Ag, Cu, and Co) were incorporated into a cellulose acetate (CA) polymer-based nanofiber membrane using the electrospinning technique. The metal nanoparticles were doped into a silanol network of silica nanoparticles. The fabricated membranes underwent detailed characterization using a wide range of techniques including PXRD, FTIR, Raman, SEM, TEM, TGA, and tensile testing. These analyses provided compelling evidence confirming the successful incorporation of metal-doped silica nanoparticles (Ag, Cu, and Co) into cellulose-based nanofibers. The band gap energies of the fabricated CA mats lie below 3.00 eV, confirming that they are visible light active. The trimetallic silica nanohybrid exhibited the lowest band gap energy of 2.84 eV, proving the self-sterilizing ability of the CA mats. The DPPH assay further confirmed the best radical scavenging activity by the trimetallic silica nanohybrid incorporated nanofiber mat (91.77 ± 0.88%). The antimicrobial activity was assessed by using the bacterial ATCC strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and fungal strains; quality control samples of Trichophyton rubrum, Microsporum gypsium, and Aspergillus niger, as well as the ATCC strain of Candida albicans. The trimetallic silica nanohybrid-incorporated CA membranes demonstrated the most significant inhibition zones. The reported findings substantiate the self-sterilizing mat's viability, affordability, efficacy against a broad spectrum of microbial strains, cost-effectiveness, and biodegradability. Furthermore, the mat serves as a dual-purpose physical and biological barrier against microbes, affirming its potential impact.

Mapping pedestrian spaces

This article introduces a counter-mapping strategy to visualize Malmö from a pedestrian perspective. It highlights the uneven distribution and fragmentation of current pedestrian spaces and aim to support a constructive approach to networks of slow roads. We are particularly concerned with processes to improve the mapping of pedestrian spaces and how maps might support constructive dialogues.

A Multitree Genetic Programming-Based Feature Construction Approach to Crop Classification Using Hyperspectral Images

A Multitree Genetic Programming-Based Feature Construction Approach to Crop Classification Using Hyperspectral Images

Predicting Traffic Accident Risk in Seoul Metropolitan City: A Dataset Construction Approach

Predicting Traffic Accident Risk in Seoul Metropolitan City: A Dataset Construction Approach

Экономические связи России с зарубежными странами в 1995–2020 годах: анализ межстрановых таблиц “затраты–выпуск” ОЭСР

The paper analyzes the dynamics of Russia’s structural economic relations with countries of the “unfriendly” and “friendly” (including “neutral”) spectrum in 1995–2020 according to data from intercountry input-output tables prepared by the OECD in 2023. The analysis focuses purely on “input” connections that involve the supply of imported intermediate production goods and final investment goods necessary for the production process at Russian enterprises. It is shown that import intensity of Russian final goods was not very high across industries (the remarkable exclusion is production of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers), though input-output tables do not allow us to understand the quality and criticality of imports of industrial goods. In addition, the non-stop growth in the share of “friendly” countries is absolutely obvious. However, despite the steady decline in imports (by value added) from “unfriendly” countries in relation to imports from “friendly” countries, by 2021 the first category continued to remain prevalent in many cases, especially in machine building. The steady increase in the share of added value of “friendly” countries in the output of Russian products is apparently the result of such world processes as globalization, the rapid growth of the Chinese economy and other large developing countries, as well as the deindustrialization of Western economies. In the case of investment (capital) goods, for which Russia’s share was initially quite small, it seems that not only the global factors discussed above were at work, but also some targeted efforts of government at import substitution. It seems obvious that Russia currently faces a problem of restructuring its external economic connections and must adapt to changing global processes, maintaining a constructive approach to participation in the cross-country division of the production process, and taking into account geopolitical realities, develop new models of cooperation and integration.

A case for cognitive mapping constructive approach to teaching civics in higher education programs design

Abstract In the context of the information age, Civics education in colleges and universities faces new challenges. Cognitive mapping, an emerging technology, and its application in the design of Civics teaching in college courses is expected to enhance the teaching effect and quality. The purpose of this paper is to explore the use of cognitive mapping in the teaching of Civics in colleges and universities. The study uses the methods of data collection, preprocessing, knowledge extraction, fusion, and map construction to create a cognitive mapping-based model for teaching Civics in colleges and universities. The results show that the model can significantly improve the teaching effectiveness. In the named entity recognition experiments, the precision, recall, and F1 value of the BiLSTM-CRF-GNN model reached 93.47%, 93.58%, and 93.88%, respectively. In addition, the analysis of the hotspots of Civics research shows that the most frequent keywords include “Civics curriculum”, “Civics education” and “teaching practice”. This study not only advances the application of cognitive mapping theoretically, but also provides practical guidance for teaching Civics in colleges and universities, which is of great significance for improving the quality and efficiency of Civics teaching.

Sustainable building: Circular economy as a key factor for cost reduction

This article explores the role of the circular economy in achieving sustainability in the construction industry, with a focus on cost reduction. Sustainable building practices are vital for addressing environmental concerns, and the circular economy offers transformative solutions. By emphasizing reuse, recycling, and responsible resource management, the circular economy reshapes traditional construction approaches. The paper examines how adopting circular economy principles can significantly reduce costs throughout a building's life cycle. It discusses case studies and successful implementations, showcasing innovative strategies to minimize waste and optimize resource use. Topics include integrating circular economy practices in design and construction, the economic benefits of material reuse and recycling, and the long-term financial advantages of sustainable building. The article highlights the importance of stakeholder collaboration, policy frameworks, and technological innovations in driving circular economy adoption. By demonstrating the economic benefits of sustainable building through the circular economy, this article aims to promote environmentally conscious construction practices and inspire stakeholders to embrace cost-effective and sustainable solutions for a greener future.

Islamic-Nuanced Mathematics Teaching Material: An Alternative Tool to Improve Students' Understanding on Integers

The acquisition of mathematical proficiency among university students, particularly within the Department of Elementary Education at Universitas Syiah Kuala, Aceh – Indonesia, often presents challenges. Integrating religious undertones into mathematics pedagogy represents a constructive approach to engender student engagement and augment comprehension. Such integration affords students a familiar contextual backdrop, fostering a more meaningful learning milieu. This article delineates the development of an instructional resource imbued with Islamic motifs, specifically addressing concepts related to integers. The study cohort comprises 115 second-year students enrolled in the Department of Elementary Education at Universitas Syiah Kuala. Methodological stages encompassed preliminary inquiry, developmental endeavors, and evaluative assessments. Research instrumentation encompassed validation protocols for assessing integrity and observation metrics capturing students' instructional engagements. Additionally, assessments, accompanied by post-instructional questionnaires, were administered to gauge student perceptions. Qualitative data analyses were conducted, evaluating the product's viability across dimensions of validity, applicability, and efficacy. Iterative revisions were undertaken during the instructional resource's refinement process. Outcomes underscore the aptness of the Islamic-imbued mathematics instructional material for second-year students within the elementary education domain. The implications of these findings underscore the advantages conferred by familiar-contextualized learning materials in facilitating students' mathematical comprehension.

생태시민성 개념 정립을 위한 브라질 전환마을운동과 생태교육학의 공유 가치 분석

The accelerating ecological crisis affecting all human beings around the world has made existing social problems such as inequality, marginalization and violence more visible, and there is now a shared understanding that ecological and social crises are fundamentally one problem that requires a unified effort. This study aims to establish the foundation to systematize the characteristics of ecocitizenship of the 21st century by examining the Transition Town Movement in Brazil as an example of ecological transition and analyzing the values shared by ecopedagogy, which seeks a new educational paradigm, and the Transition Town Movement. The fundamental purpose of this study is to explore what philosophical and practical orientations ecocitizenship have and how it differs from existing approaches to addressing inequality. To this end, this article analyzed the Transition Network website, the global umbrella organization for the Transition Town movement, the Transition Brazil website, and further related literature. It then focused on identifying the goals and main characteristics of ecopedagogy, focusing on the Pedagogia da Terra of Moacir Gadotti, a pioneer of ecological pedagogy in Brazil. The results of the study revealed a set of shared values at the intersection of the Transition Town Movement and ecopedagogy. Meanwhile, while the Transition Movement in the U.K. was centered in middle-class neighborhoods, in Brazil it started in the favelas of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. And it was found that Transition Town Movement and ecopedagogy do not specifically target the poor, but presuppose their active participation as the same as other citizens, and consequently practice a more constructive approach to inequality.

Precast and Prestressed Concrete for the Future Construction of Sudurpaschim

Concrete is the second most consumed material in the earth after water. While concrete has been used for more than 2000 years, widespread use of precast elements has emerged as the latest concrete technology for quality of construction. Precast concrete follows modular construction approach which is sometimes classified as one of the top ten construction innovations. The widespread application of precast concrete was augmented by the invention of prestressed concrete as a revolutionary technology in concrete. This study provides an overview of the use of precast and prestressed concrete technology in Nepal. It highlights the benefits of concrete for national economy by utilizing domestic resources and in realizing sustainable development through durable construction. Recent applications of precast and prestressed concrete in Nepal are highlighted, with examples from various structures including building, river training, and slope stability, hydropower and tunnel projects. The challenging aspects of precast and prestressed construction are also illustrated with examples. Research and development of precast and prestressed concrete products in Nepal are highlighted by presenting the initiatives from experimental studies and academic research. Even though Nepal is in the early stage of application of precast and prestressed concrete technology, the initial applications indicate huge potential and great benefits of application of such products for the faster, cost-effective and durable construction in various parts of Nepal.

Sneglehusene Housing: Case study based on Bioclimatic Strategies

Bioclimatic architecture is a sustainable construction approach that seeks to integrate local climatic conditions in the design of buildings, where one of the main objectives is to maximize thermal comfort and reduce energy consumption through the efficient use of natural resources, such as sunlight, natural ventilation and rainwater collection. To achieve this, materials and construction techniques adapted to the local climate are used, as well as the incorporation of renewable energy systems. This article is the result of research carried out in the Contemporary Bioclimatic Project discipline of the Postgraduate Program in Architecture, Urbanism and Landscaping at the Federal University of Santa Maria, and its purpose is to analyze the bioclimatic strategies applied in the Sneglehusene Housing, located in the city of Aarhus in Denmark. The methodology used for the analysis was based on studies of its implementation, adaptation to the local climate, principles and passive strategies for environmental comfort, landscaping strategies and materiality. Denmark is a world reference on this subject and seeks to encourage a healthier lifestyle in its cities, with the Sneglehusene Housing being an example of a building designed for common well-being and focusing on bioclimatic architecture..

Fault Knowledge Graph Construction and Platform Development for Aircraft PHM.

To tackle the problems of over-reliance on traditional experience, poor troubleshooting robustness, and slow response by maintenance personnel to changes in faults in the current aircraft health management field, this paper proposes the use of a knowledge graph. The knowledge graph represents troubleshooting in a new way. The aim of the knowledge graph is to improve the correlation between fault data by representing experience. The data source for this study consists of the flight control system manual and typical fault cases of a specific aircraft type. A knowledge graph construction approach is proposed to construct a fault knowledge graph for aircraft health management. Firstly, the data are classified using the ERNIE model-based method. Then, a joint entity relationship extraction model based on ERNIE-BiLSTM-CRF-TreeBiLSTM is introduced to improve entity relationship extraction accuracy and reduce the semantic complexity of the text from a linguistic perspective. Additionally, a knowledge graph platform for aircraft health management is developed. The platform includes modules for text classification, knowledge extraction, knowledge auditing, a Q&A system, and graph visualization. These modules improve the management of aircraft health data and provide a foundation for rapid knowledge graph construction and knowledge graph-based fault diagnosis.

Environmental Sustainability: Harmonizing Construction Mining Industry Practices with the Implementation of Green Consumption and Sustainable Building Materials in Bangalore, India

This research delves into the imperative of sustainable building materials, spurred by the ecological fallout from traditionally mined construction methods that inflicted harm on our shared ecosystem. As the 21st century dawned, a heightened consciousness necessitated a paradigm shift toward innovative and sustainable construction approaches, particularly in the dynamic urban landscape of Bangalore, a tier I city. The crux lies in harnessing smart, renewable, and bio-based materials, endowed with the dual prowess of carbon reduction and absorption across their lifecycle. However, the journey towards ecofriendly construction encounters barriers, ranging from limited material understanding to standardization dilemmas, the entanglement of multiple decision-makers, fiscal demands, perceived risks, and the pervasive influence of societal dynamics. Within this maze, we examine the role of green consumption goals as an instrumental variable to overcome these obstacles. Employing a carefully constructed questionnaire, data originates from 289 respondents within the construction sector in Bangalore and judgement sampling technique is used. The data are analysed using chi-square, ANOVA, correlation analysis, multiple regression. The finds showed that 38% agreed that their building material purchase decisions were influenced by social groups, while only 15% believed their decisions were unaffected by social group influence. As per Duncan Multiple Range Tests (DMRT), age plays a role in shaping individuals' perspectives and preferences related to sustainable construction practices. In summation, this exploration vigorously advocates for the expeditious adoption of sustainable construction practices, spotlighting the salience of green consumerism as an indispensable agent of change. The narrative converges on the imperative for a recalibration towards intelligent, sustainable practices a trajectory indispensable for forging an environmentally fortified future.

Harnessing mesenchymal aggregation for engineered organ‐level regeneration: Recent progress and perspective

AbstractStem cells, especially mesenchymal progenitors or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), possess an intrinsic property to form compact spheroid‐like assemblies, a phenomenon known as cell aggregation. In recent years, a growing body of researches have uncovered that this is a cross‐species conserved developmental event essential for initiating organogenesis in a variety of organs. Moreover, the self‐assembly property also contributes to the regenerative capacities of MSC aggregates in vivo with broad range of applications in tissue engineering. In this review, the principles of self‐assembled mesenchymal aggregation and its involvement in physiological organogenesis, as well as the construction approaches of engineering MSC aggregates and its application for organ regeneration are discussed. The authors aim to provide a speculative overview of the current understanding and the recent findings of cell aggregation, from both the developmental and the engineering perspectives, and thus offer insights into the understanding of stem cell biology and the establishment of novel organ regeneration strategies.

Metrics on Internal Medicine from the journal Gaceta Médica Estudiantil

Introduction: Scientific research is essential for the advancement of medicine. Therefore, medical training should include the acquisition of research skills through the implementation of research courses and other mechanisms that promote the collective construction of knowledge. Bibliometrics involves statistical and quantitative analysis of publications within a specific research field. Objective: Characterize Internal Medicine articles published in the journal Gaceta Médica Estudiantil from 2020 to January 2023. Methods: A bibliometric, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted. The universe consisted of 21 scientific articles that have been published. The sampling technique was not used. The variables analyzed included year of publication, article type and topic, medical science field, author's origin, number of authors, readings, downloads, and bibliographic references. Descriptive statistics, degree of collaboration, and the Price Index were used.Results: In 2022, 11 articles (52,4 %) were published, making it the year with the highest number of publications and collaboration index. Original articles were the most prevalent, accounting for 11 (52,4 %) of the total. Articles with four authors were most prominent. Females predominated (35, 51,5 %). University of Medical Sciences of Guantánamo had the largest number of authors (22, 32,4 %). 974 references were used, and 715 of them were no older than five years

Humanized mouse models: A valuable platform for preclinical evaluation of human cancer.

Animal models are routinely employed to assess the treatments for human cancer. However, due to significant differences in genetic backgrounds, traditional animal models are unable to meet bioresearch needs. To overcome this restriction, researchers have generated and optimized immunodeficient mice, and then engrafted human genes, cells, tissues, or organs in mice so that the responses in the model mice could provide a more reliable reference for treatments. As a bridge connecting clinical application and basic research, humanized mice are increasingly used in the preclinical evaluation of cancer treatments, particularly after gene interleukin 2 receptor gamma mutant mice were generated. Human cancer models established in humanized mice support exploration of the mechanism of cancer occurrence and provide an efficient platform for drug screening. However, it is undeniable that the further application of humanized mice still faces multiple challenges. This review summarizes the construction approaches for humanized mice and their existing limitations. We also report the latest applications of humanized mice in preclinical evaluation for the treatment of cancer and point out directions for future optimization of these models.

Enhancing LOCA Breach Size Diagnosis with Fundamental Deep Learning Models and Optimized Dataset Construction

In nuclear power plants, the loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA) stands out as the most prevalent and consequential incident. Accurate breach size diagnosis is crucial for the mitigation of LOCAs, and identifying the cause of an accident can prevent catastrophic consequences. Traditional methods mostly focus on combining model algorithms and utilize intricate composite model neural network architectures. However, it is crucial to investigate whether greater complexity necessarily leads to better performance. In addition, the consideration of the impact of dataset construction and data preprocessing on model performance is also needed for model building. This paper proposes a framework named DeepLOCA-Lattice to experiment with different preprocessing approaches to fundamental deep learning models for a comprehensive analysis of the diagnosis of LOCA breach size. The DeepLOCA-Lattice involves data preprocessing via the lattice algorithm and equal-interval partitioning and deep-learning-based models, including the multi-layer perceptron (MLP), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), convolutional neural networks (CNNs), and the transformer model in LOCA breach size diagnosis. After conducting rigorous ablation experiments, we have discovered that even rudimentary foundational models can achieve accuracy rates that exceed 90%. This is a significant improvement when compared to the previous models, which yield an accuracy rate of lower than 50%. The results interestingly demonstrate the superior performance and efficacy of the fundamental deep learning model, with an effective dataset construction approach. It elucidates the presence of a complex interplay among diagnostic scales, sliding window size, and sliding stride. Furthermore, our investigation reveals that the model attains its highest accuracy within the discussed range when utilizing a smaller sliding stride size and a longer sliding window length. This study could furnish valuable insights for constructing models for LOCA breach size estimation.

Development of mineral resources in the territories of indigenous minorities in the Arctic zone of Yakutia: ethnological expertise of projects

The Arctic is one of the world’s last vast undisturbed regions, and its role in the ecological balance of the Northern Hemisphere is enormous. It possesses rich mineral, raw material and fuel and energy resources; therefore, the development of the Arctic is becoming one of the key strategic priorities of the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation (RF). The study was conducted using historical-geographical, analytical, synthetic, and statistical methods. The purpose of the article is to identify constructive approaches to the relationship between indigenous communities and mining companies operating in the areas where these peoples live. The objectives are: 1. the characteristics of the main types of traditional environmental management of indigenous peoples; 2. the environmental and social consequences of the development of the mining industry on the livelihoods of indigenous peoples; 3. investment projects for the development of mineral deposits and ethnological examination. Conclusions: 1. Subsoil user companies conducting economic activities in territories of traditional natural resource management must provide economic and financial guarantees to protect the rights of indigenous minorities of the North. 2. The list of basic guarantees must be reflected in the Agreement on socio-economic cooperation between the municipality and the subsoil user company. 3. A common observation for the submitted EER projects was the insufficient full use of source material: data from tribal communities in the calculation of standard indicators for estimating gross farm income.