Constant Interest Research Articles

The Status and Role of Women In The Society of Nomads In Central Asia

The aim of this research is to study the role and status of women in nomadic society, as well as to identify the specifics of the perception of the image of women in traditional philosophical worldview. The attention given to the study of the role of women and their image in philosophy remains of constant interest, as this issue has both ideological and practical significance. In the context of the continuous transformation of modern society’s structure under the influence of various factors, the image of women, their functions, and roles in society are undergoing changes. Primarily, the reasons for the changing image of women include the pragmatization of human relationships, shifts in value orientations, and the increasing complexity of gender and national self-identification processes. The authors identified the significant role of women in nomadic civilization, particularly in the formation and organization of the family and in the upbringing of children. The research also revealed that women of the steppe could participate in crucial decisions concerning their clan and people, as evidenced by the involvement of nomadic women in military battles.The practical significance of this research is determined by the fact that its results can be used in further studies on the role of women in organizing the life of nomads, as well as in research on gender equality. All of the above reflects the relevance of this research and calls for a more comprehensive study of the gender role of women, both in ancient nomadic civilization and in modern society.

On dividends and Gerber-Shiu analysis with constant interest and a periodic-threshold mixed strategy

On dividends and Gerber-Shiu analysis with constant interest and a periodic-threshold mixed strategy

Spatial Evaluation and Modelling of Fire Stations Layout to Access Forest Fires by Roads (Case Study: Krasnoyarsk Region, Russia)

Regional forest fire protection services on the ground usually have a fire station infrastructure with firefighting vehicles capable of moving by public and forest roads. The location of fire stations is a subject of evaluation on the regional scale and a matter of constant research interest. Infrastructure and transport accessibility, as well as the spatial location of fire stations worldwide and in Russia, were discussed. Location-Allocation ArcGIS tool and the access routes database for Krasnoyarsk region (archived data of 2002-2022 forest fires detected by MODIS containing 60637 records) were the base of methodology to evaluate fire station layout. The settlement dataset from Open Street Map (OSM) was used to analyze new locations as candidates for a fire station. Standard Deviational Ellipse ArcGIS tool was applied to define an optimal area for the current fire station from which routes to the nearest fires are built. OSM settlements inside of 1-sd area of the ellipse were used to generate the candidate list of settlements to find new locations instead of the current fire station. Results have been evaluated for 3 groups of access routes: 3 hours and less, more than 3 hours, and access routes of any duration according to the Russian forestry rules. The proposed fire station layout has improved forest fire accessibility with OSM candidates for 39 stations; 20 of 59 remain spatially unchanged. Total regional forest fire accessibility changed from the current to the proposed layout in absolute values from 47331 to 48905 fires. Analysis of 39 relocated stations showed that the new fire station layout is more optimal than the current one because it provides access to an additional 20 % of forest fires with a decrease in average weighted time to reach them by 30 %. The described methodology could make an emergency response during a fire-hazardous period more effective.

Pricing a Defaultable Zero-Coupon Bond under Imperfect Information and Regime Switching

We propose a pricing formula for a defaultable zero-coupon bond with imperfect information under a regime switching model using a structural form of credit risk modelling. This paper provides explicit representations of risky debt under regime switching with a constant interest rate and risky debt under regime switching with a regime switching interest rate. While the value of the firm’s equity is observed continuously, we assume that the total value of the firm is only observed at discrete times, such as the dates of the release of the firm’s annual reports, or quarterly reports. This uncertainty about the true value of the firm results in credit spreads that do not approach zero as the debt approaches maturity, which is a problem with many structural models. The firm’s value is typically decomposed into its equity and debt; however, we consider the asset–to–equity ratio, an accounting ratio used to examine a firm’s financial well-being. The parameters in our model are regime switching, where the regime can be thought of as the state of the economy. A Markov chain with a constant transition rate matrix produces the regime switching.

Computing two actuarial quantities under multilayer dividend strategy with a constant interest rate: Based on Sinc methods

As risk processes with some kind of dividend strategies receive remarkable attention in the financial market, the analysis of risk quantities in the presence of interest (or return) has become an important issue in insurance risk theory, and the corresponding research should be of concern to actuaries. In this paper, we study a perturbed dual risk model with a constant interest rate and a multilayer threshold strategy. We derive respectively the integral differential equations satisfied by the expected present value of the total dividend until ruin and the Laplace transform at the time of ruin. By applying the Sinc method developed in this paper, we derive the approximate solutions of the integral differential equations satisfied by these two risk quantities. Finally, various numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the feasibility of the Sinc method.

Implementasi Metode New Jersey dalam Perhitungan Cadangan Premi dengan Suku Bunga Stokastik dan Konstan

Premium reserve allocation represents an obligation undertaken by insurance companies to set aside funds for future claims payment to policyholders. Some insurance companies have faced operational challenges, leading to their closure, primarily due to inaccurate premium reserve computations. This research aims to calculate premium reserve in lifelong insurance using the New Jersey method, an improvement upon the Illionis method. The New Jersey method initiates the premium reserve at the beginning or end of the first year at zero dollars. The majority of premium reserve calculations still rely on constant interest rates. However, in reality, this approach inadequately reflects future fluctuations in interest rates, which are crucial for long-term life insurance products. Therefore, this study implements a more realistic approach using stochastic elements, using the Vasicek stochastic interest rate model to determine premium reserve values. From this research, it was found that there was quite a significant difference between the New Jersey method premium reserve value and the two interest rates. The calculation graph shows that the premium reserve value using the Vasicek model of stochastic interest rates tends to be lower than when using constant interest rates. This can be caused by the results of non-constan variations in interest rates in the Vasicek model which ultimately results in fluctuations in interest rates which wffect the calculation of premium reserve.

Digitalization of cultural industries: Evidence from the official Spider-Man movie TikTok account

The digitalization of culture and creative industries has presented both challenges and opportunities. To effectively engage audiences and ensure their constant interest, these industries must continually adapt their circulation strategies. The objectives of this study are threefold: 1) analyze the strategies employed by the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) to engage with the fan community; 2) examine the interplay between fiction and reality based on the relationships between characters and actors, as shown in social network posts; and 3) determine how the discourse in the film ‘Spider-Man: No Way Home’ is reconstructed on TikTok, leveraging its particular ‘affordances’ (Gibson, 1979). A mixed methodology approach was utilized, combining the use of Analisa.io software to provide a comprehensive view of the Spider-Man official account’s activities and user engagement with a detailed analysis of the thematic, multimodal, and discursive aspects of TikTok videos published by the account. The findings reveal that the MCU employs TikTok as a marketing tool for the new movie, utilizing three main strategies that align with the characteristics of transmedia storytelling and enhanced audience engagement: 1) strategic selection of publication moments for the growth of follower engagement; 2) extensive use of teasers; and 3) leveraging the presence of actors as a key element to facilitate fan identification.

Exploring the potential of nitrophosphogypsum and calcined water-treatment plant sludges in mortar mixtures: A study on workability and strength

Mortar mixtures that consider alternative mineral admixtures are of constant research interest to reduce ordinary Portland cement (OPC) content thereby lowering final cost and carbon footprint. An additional concern is the proper management of industrial process residues that could be used in mortar mixes to avoid their disposal in landfills or water bodies. This work investigated the potential of using calcined water treatment plant sludge (CWTPS) and nitrophosphogypsum (NPG) - a byproduct of the fertilizer industry - as partial replacements of OPC in mortar mixtures. For this purpose, this research evaluates the crystallographic, chemical, and physical properties of NPG and CWTPS through X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). XRF and XRD findings strongly suggests that CWTPS qualifies as supplementary cementitious materials, due to its high content of silicon and aluminum oxides in a non-crystalline state. On the other hand, NPG could be used as a mineral admixture. The design of mixtures was based on the workability of 85% flow. The evaluation of properties encompasses the measurement of density, compressive strength, durability (pH and sulfate environments), and water absorption. The results demonstrate that incorporating of NPG and CWTPS to mortar mixes, each at a 5% inclusion rate (with a total replacement of 10% of OPC), increase compressive strength by up to 6.65% at 90 days compared to the control group in mortar mixes. However, the inclusion of NPG and CWTPS significantly decreases the workability of mortar mixes by up to 51.49%. The utilization of NPG as a partial replacement for OPC increases the water-to-cement ratio proportionally compared to the control sample, which can be explained by the anhydrite content of this byproduct. For its part, replacing 10% of OPC with NPG and CWTPS results in a 1.99% decrease in resistance after 28 days in sulfated environments compared to specimens cured in lime water. This protection of NPG against sulfate attack on mortars is based on the fact that SO3 saturation hinders the phase change from AFt to AFm during curing, as demonstrated by the XRD results. Additionally, the inclusion of NPG in mortar mixes increases capillary water absorption by up to 19.8%, while CWTPS, due to its pozzolanic nature, reduces it by up to 5.75%. Finally, this study explores the potential combined use of NPG and CWTPS in mortar mixes as a partial replacement for cement, presenting a viable and sustainable alternative for these cementitious-based construction materials.

Asymptotics for ruin probabilities in a bidimensional discrete-time risk model with dependent and consistently varying tailed net losses

Consider an insurer who operates two lines of businesses and hence receives two types of insurance net losses. In the bidimensional discrete-time risk model with a constant interest rate, the net loss vectors from the two business lines form a sequence of independent and identically distributed real-valued random vectors. We propose a bidimensional extended regularly varying structure in terms of survival copulas to model the dependence between the two components of each net loss vector, which includes not only asymptotic independence but also asymptotic dependence. Under the framework of consistent variation, we obtain several (uniformly) asymptotic formulas for various ruin probabilities. In particular, the investigation of random-time ruin probabilities unifies and extends the results on both finite-time and infinite-time ruin probabilities. Some numerical studies are also performed to check the accuracy of our obtained asymptotic results.

The experimental method of G. Galileo in the context of the formation of the concept of the subject in the philosophy of the Modern Times

Understanding the subject is of constant interest in modern philosophy. Turning to the subject allows deepening the understanding of the nature of its activity, as well as the creative and transformative relationship of a person to the world. The emergence of the concept of the subject occurs in the Modern era and is associated with the development of the scientific method. Along with resolving the questions facing the epistemology of the Modern era, the subject-object relation arises as a specific way of solving the problem of intensive development of natural philosophy and mathematical disciplines. The research shows the interrelation between the method of intellectual experiment in the concept of G. Galileo and the development of understanding the subject in the Modern era, as well as its change in modern philosophy (20th-21st centuries). By examining the characteristic features and specific examples of the application of the method of intellectual experiment in the research, the degree of influence of G. Galileo on the development of science and philosophy of the Modern era is demonstrated. By using a comparative and analytical method, the interrelation of G. Galileo's intellectual experiment, understanding the subject in philosophy, and the ways of carrying out scientific activities is demonstrated. The content of the concept of the "subject" is expanded through the use of the phenomenological method, allowing to specify the boundaries of the subject's activity and the relationship between the subject and the object in the Modern era and in modern philosophy. The novelty of the research lies in the formulation of the question of the interrelation between G. Galileo's intellectual experiment and the methods of modern experimental sciences. The understanding of the subject as one of the basic categories of philosophy is clarified through the analysis of the ways of working with the subject-object relationship proposed in the philosophy of the Modern era. In particular, Galileo's way of dealing with the subject-object relationship implies taking into account the gap between the subject and the object as a special space, filling which through intellectual experiment, the researcher creates a model of experience relevant to the object of study and available for joint use with other researchers subsequently. The creation by G. Galileo of a model of experience in the process of intellectual experiment is reasoned as one of the basic methods of obtaining new knowledge in natural science disciplines in modern science.

Brain Neuromodulation Effects on Sport and Nutrition: A Narrative Review

Study purpose. At the end of the twentieth century, the development of highly reliable and painless non-invasive transcranial brain stimulation techniques and devices has aroused great scientific and clinical interest in numerous fields. In neuroscience, since the introduction of innovative and non-invasive devices such as the brain stimulator, the investigation of cortical processes and their neural basis has played a fundamental role. Furthermore, neuroscientists are attracted to therapeutic applications for the treatment of food craving. This narrative review is aimed to explain the growing and constant interest of neuroscientific experimentation in the field of non-invasive transcranial stimulation. Material and methods. After an introduction explaining the historical evolution of NIBS, we will try to provide an overview of the two stimulation techniques (TMS and tDCS); we will describe the different types of stimulation that can be performed using these techniques, the excitatory/inhibitory effects, and the various mechanisms of action at the level of brain activity. Results. We will also provide some elucidations regarding the implications of the facilitative/inhibitory effects, and how these stimulation methods can be used to advance knowledge of the neurofunctional organization of the brain. Conclusion. The results of the study showed the effect of brain neuromodulation on sports and nutrition.

Innovations and methodologies in research on problematic issues of drug supply

Introduction. Increasing the efficiency of research in the field of organizing drug supply to the population is a priority task of pharmaceutical science. The study of the structure of scientific knowledge seems to be a relevant direction for its development. However, a methodological analysis of scientific works on the problems of drug supply has not previously been carried out as an independent study. Purpose of the study: analysis of theoretical and methodological solutions in scientific works on the problems of drug supply. Material and methods. Using the PICO tool, we formed an array of 61 dissertations defended in the period from 1991 to the present, on the problems of drug supply. The resulting array was studied using the methods of content analysis, grouping, graphical, comparative and scientometric analysis. Results and discussion. It was found that during the study period, 34 types of innovations were used with a total frequency of their use in 53 cases. The average number of innovation types used was 2.97 per study. In total, scientists used 53 types of methodologies, of which 14 types were directly related to the field of drug supply. 226 cases of using various types of methodologies were identified, with the average number of their use per study being 3.68. The analyzed array contains 81 names of methods and groups of methods. The total frequency of their use was 531 cases, and the average number of methods per 1 dissertation was 8.69. In works on the problems of drug supply, 242 names of scientists and predecessors of the dissertation candidates were mentioned. 313 cases of their mention were identified, which amounted to an average of 5 names per dissertation. As a result, a methodological profile of scientific research on the problems of drug supply was formed using four analytical blocks. Conclusion. Data were obtained on the constant scientific interest of scientists in problematic issues of improving the drug supply system. The presence of reserves for expanding the boundaries of the scientific field of pharmaceutical science has been established.

Piano Pieces for Children in Serhiy Bortkevych’s Musical Heritage

The article reveals the artistic and pedagogical potential of piano music for children by the Ukrainian Diaspora’s prominent composer Serhiy Bortkevych. For this purpose, we analysed the piano cycles Little Traveller, Marionettes, Musical Wonderland (based on H. H. Andersen’s fairy tales) and From My Childhood. We specified the stylistic features of his music, didactic and educational tasks, which can be determined by working on small pieces of lyrical, dance, scherzo and march genres with their inherent modest scale and simplicity of presentation. S. Bortkevych tends to the chamber type of expression, modesty of texture, and absence of external effects, which reveals the composer’s commitment to the art of the Biedermeier. This component of S. Bortkevych’s creative personality is complemented by his constant interest in the world of childhood, both in terms of imagery and content, as well as didactics and education. All of S. Bortkevych’s children’s piano cycles clearly demonstrate the great importance of programmatic model in revealing the figurative content of piano pieces, in which nature paintings, portrait sketches, emotional experiences, travelling motifs, cities and countries, fairy-tale images, puppetry, etc. take an equal position. Up-tempo pieces (toccata, scherzo) require the same work as etudes, but with the difference that in etudes, artistic tasks are auxiliary, while in music pieces they are the main goal. In dance pieces, the basis for the work is the need to identify the specificity and character of the dance (waltz, mazurka, polka, hopak) and the originality of the rhythm. Lyrical pieces develop musicality, emotionality, artistry and performing initiative due to the musical language accessibility, vivid imagery and laconism of the form. The works of this group are of pedagogical value as they are aimed at gradual mastery of certain piano skills and techniques. S. Bortkevych’s compositional achievements deserve attention in terms of including his heritage in the educational repertoire of modern music institutions to deepen the educational and cognitive process of children’s and youth’s musical and aesthetic education.

«Illusory feelings» as a structural element of the theory of imagination (based on the materials of «The Principles of Art» by R. G. Collingwood)

It is noted that the thorough monograph of the famous English philosopher, historian of science, and art theorist R. G. Collingwood «The Principles of Art» consists of three «books», each of which covers a number of important issues of fundamental importance for history, art theory and cultural studies. From the point of view of time, it can be argued that R. G. Collingwood tried to link the content of the three «parts» of the monograph, emphasizing their overarching idea, i.e. the English scholar’s articulation of the integrity of the time dimensions «past — present». The phenomenon of «integrity» is the basis for harmonizing the theoretical material of all three «components» of the monograph «The Principles of Art». It is emphasized that the problematics of one of the chapters of the second «book», i.e. «The Theory of Imagination» is the basis for this article, which uses the potential of general scientific methods of analysis, such as historicism, systematization, comparison and generalization of the problem under study. The stated methods are based on the principle of a parity approach, which allows taking into account the experience of many humanities, including cultural studies, philosophy, psychology, and art history. It is emphasized that the analysis of both «illusory feelings» and a number of other related issues actualizes the problem of the conceptual and categorical apparatus, generally necessitating the argumentation of new concepts. «The Principles of Art» demonstrates, firstly, R. G. Collingwood’s constant interest in upgrading the means of researching humanitarian knowledge, secondly, his attempts not to destroy the connection between the Greco-Roman tradition of thinking and modern European humanism by preserving the basic conceptual and categorical structures, and thirdly, the constant use of samples of interpretation of «transcultural» concepts in European languages, which greatly complicates the research process of adapting Collingwood’s ideas. The article proposes the author’s model of interpretation of the stated problems but takes into account the experience of R. G. Collingwood in the double operation of certain concepts, which in particular concerns the concept of «illusion», which means both the «illusion of play» and the structural element of the theory of imagination. The historical and philosophical tradition of understanding segments of the heritage of R. Descartes and John Locke is recreated, and the historical and philosophical material is presented based on the principles of a personalized approach, which is defined as the cornerstone of the logic of cultural analysis.

Neutron-rich clustering investigation at LNS with FARCOS detectors

The physics of clusters in heavy neutron-rich ions is a topic of constant interest in the worldwide scientific community. In recent times, many interesting phenomena have been investigated especially thanks to the development of new radioactive beam production facilities. One example is the clustering of α particles in neutron-rich isotopes of self-conjugated nuclei, such as 10Be or 16C, exhibiting even very large nuclear deformations. At Laboratori Nazionali del Sud of INFN, a study was carried out on the topic of α clustering, employing the CHIMERA and FARCOS detectors. Radioactive ions of interest, such as 10Be, 13B and 16C, were produced in a cocktail beam through the In-Flight fragmentation technique by the FRIBs@LNS facility. Particularly important for this study was the employment of four FARCOS detectors, offering high angular and energetic resolutions. Several calibration and analysis techniques have been exploited and developed in this experiment for the analysis of the data collected by FARCOS. Finally, some preliminary results on the analysis of 10Be and 16C spectroscopy will be shown, in relation to some results already collected in the literature.

Environmental liability by example of counteracting land spoilage

This article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of environmental liability in relation to one of the most important natural resources. The introduction substantiates the importance of the subject under consideration, taking into account climatic changes and social factors, which are expressed in the lack of careful use of a certain element of the biosystem. The constant interest of the scientific community in the formation of basic approaches in the considered field is noted. Significant conclusions are formulated in the course of the description of the objects and methods of research. It is fairly noted that the normative provisions are largely formal in nature, which hinders their practical application. The authors do not agree with the restriction of the scope of the criminal-legal prohibition only to the pollution of the soil, and believe that it is necessary to establish the responsibility for the mechanical damage, as well as for the irrational use of this resource. The main results of the research are presented in the article in the form of practical proposals to improve the current domestic legislation by criminalizing a number of violations of land use. The methodological basis of the research is presented through the evaluation of land as an object of legal protection, taking into account the principles of axiological, activity, comparative and systemic approaches. The methodological block reveals and substantiates the most significant vectors of research in the selected segment in relation to criminal-legal and criminological aspects. The article emphasizes the importance of their integrated application. The reasons for the formality of the criminal-legal prohibition of land degradation and measures that allow it to become an effective tool to counteract such encroachments are formulated in the discussions.

Environmental responsibility as an element of legal culture of the population

The article is devoted to the dynamics of ideas about environmental responsibility on the example of approaches of domestic and foreign legislation, with the justification of allocation of this track as an independent type of legal responsibility. In the introduction the concept of environmental responsibility and the system of measures to ensure it are given. Emphasis is placed on the high level of public danger of crimes in the sphere of nature management and environmental protection. The constant interest of the scientific community in the formation of basic approaches in the considered area is noted. In the course of the description of materials and methods of research the conclusions are formulated that the normative provisions are largely formal in nature, not finding practical application. The main results of the research are presented in the article in the form of concrete proposals to improve the current domestic legislation by reforming the classification of environmental crimes, expanding the criminalization of acts of the relevant group. It is necessary to define clear criteria of differentiation between administrative, civil and criminal-legal prohibitions, which is important not only for law enforcement bodies, but also for the society as a whole. The methodological basis is shown by the objects of legal protection in the sphere of nature management, based on the principles of axiological, activity, historical and logical, comparative and systemic approaches. The methodological block reveals and substantiates the most effective means and ways of environmental safety protection, structures propaedeutic measures. Such forms as conferences are most actively used. Among the set of methods presented in the work the priority is given to design and modelling. The discussion formulates the reasons that prevent the strengthening of environmental safety, names the conditions for overcoming the population's detachment from the systemic counteraction to such violations.

European values as the basisfor development of democratic principles in Ukraine

The objective of the work is to research the phenomenon of European values through the prism of their influence on democratic reforms in Ukraine.
 The methodological basis of the study. The current political situation and the entry of Ukraine into the European space, which is in its active phase of reforms, must be studied with the involvement of the methodology of system analysis with the dominance of the principles of synergy in combination with comparative studies, normative and institutional approaches, document analysis, the method of historical retrospective, the structural-functional method etc.
 This article clarifies that despite the constant interest of science in European values as a subject of research, researchers and legislators have not yet developed a unified vision of their nature, content, and impact on democratic reforms in Ukraine.
 The article is devoted to the study of the process of democratic foundation development in Ukraine. It also casts light upon the study of the essence and features of European values, which are the basis for their formation.
 The article provides an analysis of the theoretical, political-legal and worldview foundations of democracy, and components of the influence of European democratic values on the formation and development of Ukrainian civil society.
 It was emphasized that our state sees integration into European structures as an aid in getting closer to European values, the possibility of borrowing the experience of the EU member states regarding social economic development and raising the welfare of its citizens to the European level.
 The conclusions of the study sum up that the announced strategic European course should be supported by concrete actions and measures, and value principles should become everyday political practice. The process of establishing European democratic values can enable maximal contribution to the development of civil society in our country.

REPRODUCING THE ATMOSPHERE OF SUSPENSE IN LITERARY TRANSLATION (A STUDY OF D. BROWN’S NOVEL “ANGELS AND DEMONS” AND ITS UKRAINIAN TRANSLATION)

This paper focuses on the ways of reproducing the phenomenon of suspense in Ukrainian translation. Suspense is a multifaceted literary category, which can be defined via multiple approaches: genre, motivic, component, semantic-cognitive, stylistic-textual, and translational. Suspense can be interpreted as a category that is actualised in text to create the atmosphere of tension and anxious anticipation to maintain the readers’ constant interest in the events described. The analysis proved that the key role in creating the atmosphere of suspense in literary text belongs to figurative and narrative means. Figurative means of suspense creation embrace descriptions of tense situations, associative lexical units, metaphors, personifications, wordplay, and stylistic graphemics. Among the narrative tools of suspense, the following ones are distinguished: the violation of literary text structure, aposiopesis, the technique of thought interruption, narrativized cinematographic techniques, playing with time, and increasing the pace of the story unfolding. As a literary category, suspense has its ways of reproduction in translation, which envisage the usage of a wide spectrum of translation transformations. The paper, taking as a case study the novel "Angels and Demons" by the American writer Dan Brown and its Ukrainian translation, singles out key imagistic and narrative means of creating suspense in the original novel as well as the specificity of their translation into Ukrainian. The analysis proved that such stylistic means as metaphors, descriptions fraught with tension, and wordplay are the most difficult for literary translation aimed to reproduce suspense. Therefore, multifarious translation transformations are applied to them against the background of searching for analogies in the target language. Translating narrative means of creating suspense heavily relies upon the author’s individual style and genre specificity of the original text.

Asymptotics for a bidimensional delay-claim risk model with subexponential claims and arbitrary dependence between the generic inter-arrival time pair

This article considers a bidimensional delay-claim renewal risk model with a constant interest force, in which it is assumed that each main claim and its corresponding delayed claim from one business line satisfy a general dependence structure and the generic inter-arrival time pair from the two lines of main claims is arbitrarily dependent. In the presence of subexponential main and delayed claims, the corresponding asymptotic formulae for four types of finite-time ruin probabilities are established which extend some existing ones in the literature.