Long-term outcomes of conservative management in juvenile recurrent parotitis: A 10 year retrospective study.

Conservative management of degenerative rotator cuff tears: A systematic review of long-term clinical outcomes and cost effectiveness.

Open Distal Phalanx Tuft Fractures in Fingertip Injuries: A Retrospective Cohort Study Comparing Kirschner Wire Fixation Versus Conservative Management.

The role of surgery in the management of intestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains controversial. The study aimed to investigate the efficacy of surgery and explore the prognostic factors for patients with intestinal DLBCL. A total of 118 patients diagnosed with intestinal DLBCL who received systemic therapy from 2011 to 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into the conservative treatment group and the surgical treatment group based on whether they underwent surgical intervention prior to systemic therapy. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was utilized to control the confounding factors. Survival and Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate the long-term outcome and prognostic risk factors. Patients in the surgical treatment group had significantly higher progression-free survival (PFS) rates than patients who received conservative treatment (3-year PFS: 84.6% vs. 35.9%, p<0.001; 5-year PFS: 53.8% vs. 28.2%, p=0.021). The overall survival (OS) rates of the surgery group were also significantly higher than those of the conservative treatment group (3-year OS: 87.2% vs. 43.6%, p<0.001; 5-year OS: 56.4% vs. 30.8%, p=0.022). Surgical treatment was associated with a higher complete response rate and a lower disease progression/relapse rate (complete response rate: 87.2% vs. 53.8%, p=0.001; progression/relapse rate: 10.3% vs. 28.2%, p=0.044). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that serum lactate dehydrogenase level and surgical intervention were independent prognostic factors for both PFS and OS, whereas bone marrow involvement was an independent prognostic factor for PFS. Combined surgical treatment manifested a better survival outcome than conservative treatment for patients with intestinal DLBCL. Serum lactate dehydrogenase level, bone marrow involvement, and surgical intervention are independent prognostic factors for survival.

Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula following venous sinus stenting: A case series and literature review.

&lt;b&gt;Background&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;: &lt;/b&gt;Adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO) results from postoperative adhesions, causing prolonged hospital stays and surgeries.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;Objective&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;: &lt;/b&gt;To evaluate the effectiveness of ASBO prevention: surgical, adhesion prevention strategies, and conservative methods.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;A meta-analysis evaluating interventions to prevent ASBO post-surgery used data from Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, PubMed, and Google Scholar (2020-2025). RevMan 5.4 and R Studio were used, including 25 relevant studies.&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;Results&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;: &lt;/b&gt;Results highlighted differences in reoperation rates (1.4-20.7%), hospital stay lengths (4-23 days), and follow-up durations (≥ 2 years for 55% of studies). Surgical methods (odds ratio [OR] = 12.01) and the use of adhesion barriers (OR = 0.21) mitigated the risk of adhesive intestinal obstruction (AIO). Conservative management (OR = 4.58) was also effective.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;Conclusions&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;: &lt;/b&gt;Surgical methods, the use of barriers to adhesions, and other less invasive interventions help in the prevention of AIO, as well as in the recovery processes.

Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) is a movement-related disorder and causing hip and/or groin pain in young active adults. Movement patterns in individuals with FAIS may be modifiable through conservative management. Identifying biomechanical differences between cohorts with asymptomatic cam morphology (FAIM) and FAIS could reveal relevant treatment targets. This study compared lower limb kinematics and kinetics between FAIS, FAIM, and healthy controls during double- (DLS) and single-leg squats (SLS). Whole-body motion and ground reaction forces were synchronously recorded during five DLS and five SLS. Joint angles, moments, and spatiotemporal parameters (mean squat velocity and maximum squat depth) were compared between groups using a one-way repeated measures ANOVA with statistical parametric mapping (SPM). During DLS, there were no differences in hip or knee kinematics, or hip, knee, or ankle moments. The FAIM group had less ankle dorsiflexion than controls during both descent and ascent (P < .01). During SLS, the FAIM group had greater hip flexion than the FAIS group (P < .01), and the FAIS group had greater external hip rotation than controls (P < .01) and a greater hip abduction moment than the FAIM group (P < .01). The greater demands of SLS may require those with FAIS to perform it differently to those without symptoms, regardless of the presence of cam morphology. Given all groups squatted to a similar depth, hip biomechanics - including flexion, rotation, and abduction moments - may be a more relevant target for rehabilitation.

Calcaneus fractures: A review.

Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is a major cause of obstructive uropathy in pediatric patients. However, the optimal management remains controversial. We aimed to summarize the evidence comparing surgical versus conservative treatment. We searched MEDLINE/PubMed (2016 to 31 October 2024) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) on 31 October 2024. The primary outcome was split renal function (SRF). Results were summarized in a structured table. Study quality was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool and the level of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) working group. Our search resulted in 2.251 reports. We included two non-randomized interventional studies with 136 patients. One study reported no statistically significant difference in SRF between the study groups after 1 year of follow up, while the second study reported higher SRF in surgical group 6 months postoperatively. The studies were judged to have a serious risk of bias, and the quality of evidence was rated as very low. The paucity of eligible data precluded the performance of a meta-analysis. Our findings could not support clinical recommendations. This study highlights the lack of high-quality evidence that will come from large, prospective, well-designed trials comparing surgical intervention to updated conservative treatment options.

Study of the mechanical behaviour of a 16th century wooden painted panel: Effect of the cradle on its shape

Evaluation of the ultrasonography-guidance for botulinum toxin type a injection into lateral pterygoid muscle in patients with TMJ anterior disc displacement with reduction.

• Comparison of non-invasive sampling devices for VOCs emitted by historical snuffboxes. • Coupling of GC-MS with olfactory detection to combine chemical and olfactory data. • Comparison of olfactory data obtained with sorbent tubes filled with Tenax TA® and HiSorb probes. In the recent years, several sampling devices have been used for the non-destructive collection of volatile organic compounds in heritage environments. To heritage scientists and conservators, these have become essential tools, as they enable the investigation of material composition, degradation processes, and conservation treatments, in principle without damaging the artefact. This paper investigates the performance of sorbent tubes, common sampling devices used in museums, and HiSorb probes, to analyze the volatiles emitted from two historical snuffboxes. The first one, an empty one from the National Museum of Slovenia, has undergone conservation, while the second one is an untreated historical object from the Historical Reference Material Collection of the Heritage Science Laboratory Ljubljana, still containing tobacco. Comparison of the different sampling devices showed that both sorbent tubes and HiSorb probes gave comprehensive chromatograms, detecting products related to wood degradation, such as acetic acid, formic acid, furfural, nonanal, and decanal. Furthermore, HiSorb probes detected terpenes and tobacco-derived compounds, like nicotine, and pyridine-derivatives. Noticeably, these compounds were characterized as traces in the cleaned snuffbox, while they showed high peaks in the reference one, consistently with their conservation history. The small size of the HiSorb probe, which allowed its insertion into the snuffbox, likely contributed to the higher abundance of the detected volatiles. Gas chromatography was coupled with two detectors – mass spectrometry and olfactometry – to define the olfactory profile of the two case studies and correlate each compound with the detected smell. Two sampling devices were compared: sorbent tubes and HiSorb probes. In contrast with commonly used sorbent tubes, this study represents the first application of HiSorb sampling in combination with olfactometric analysis for heritage objects, introducing a novel methodological approach. The results demonstrated that olfactory analysis following HiSorb sampling is feasible, with a number of the most intense smells comparable, or even higher, than when sampling with sorbent tubes. The outcomes confirmed the chemical analyses, highlighting “wood”, “leather”, “flower”, and “fresh” as main descriptors, with the snuffbox belonging to the reference collection presenting a richer profile including more compounds giving “wood”, “sweet”, and “powder” notes.

G-376 CKM Jumpstart: A Randomized Pilot Trial of a Communication Tool to Assist Discussions About Conservative Kidney Management

Assessing genetic diversity is essential for the characterization and conservation of livestock. This study investigates the genetic diversity of the three indigenous goat breeds from northern Belgium (Flanders), Kempische Geit, Vlaamse Geit, and Belgische Hertegeit, using pedigree and genomic data. Pedigree analyses estimated inbreeding and effective population size, while genomic data were assessed using runs of homozygosity (ROH) and population structure analyses (F st , principal component analysis (PCA) and ADMIXTURE). Pedigree-based results revealed moderate inbreeding (F ped = 10.3%, 7.4%, and 9.0%) and critically low effective population sizes (N e = 17, 28, and 43, respectively). Despite these constraints, population trends since 2017 show encouraging growth, with active breeding females increasing 153% (Kempische Geit) and active breeders rising 90% (Vlaamse Geit). Genomic data from 280 individuals (88–97 per breed), genotyped using the GGP Goat SNP array, revealed inbreeding coefficients based on ROH from 8% to 15%, with individual values reaching up to 39%. Several ROH islands were detected, including two in Vlaamse Geit on chromosomes 10 and 13, which overlap with regions reported in other international breeds. Linkage disequilibrium-based estimates of effective population sizes (N e = 21–22) further highlight the endangered status of these breeds. Genetic differentiation was substantial (F st from 0.10 to 0.14) which was supported by PCA and ADMIXTURE. This study provides the first integrated pedigree and genomic assessment of goat diversity in Flanders, offering critical insights for the conservation and sustainable management of these local breeds. These data support comparisons with international populations and inform future breeding strategies. • Flanders (Northern Belgium) has three local goat breeds • All three goat breeds were analyzed based on pedigree and genotype data • Inbreeding coefficients based on runs of homozygosity were between 8% and 15% • Effective population sizes remain below critical thresholds for viability • The three goat breeds are considered endangered

Adherence to conservative treatments is essential for optimal outcomes in temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patients, yet validated tools for measuring adherence are lacking. This study aimed to develop and validate a bilingual (Arabic-English) questionnaire to comprehensively assess adherence among TMD patients. A cross-sectional, observational, five-phase design was conducted at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University (Egypt). The study included a pilot sample of 60 TMD patients and a psychometric evaluation sample of 300 patients. The exposure was adherence behaviour, measured by a newly developed 50-item, 11-domain adherence questionnaire. The primary outcomes were psychometric properties of the questionnaire, including content validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability and construct validity. Patient language version (Arabic or English) was considered to examine potential influences on questionnaire performance. Content validity was assessed using Item-Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR). Reliability was evaluated with Cronbach's α and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Construct validity was examined with exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The final 50-item, 11-domain questionnaire demonstrated strong content validity. Internal consistency was acceptable for both Arabic (Cronbach's α = 0.70) and English (α = 0.68) versions. Test-retest reliability was good (ICC = 0.762-0.898; p < 0.001). EFA confirmed 11 domains, accounting for 61.5% of variance in Arabic and 64.73% in English. The Badawy and Haggag Adherence Questionnaire for TMD demonstrated strong validity and reliability across Arabic and English versions. It provides a robust clinical and research tool for assessing adherence to conservative TMD management, enabling clinicians to identify non-adherence and design tailored interventions to improve outcomes. ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT07045441. The trial was first posted on 22 June 2025, and the most recent update was posted on 30 June 2025. Retrospectively registered.

The pediatric population presents specific management challenges with pyogenic granuloma (PG), particularly when located near joints, as surgical treatment may compromise mobility. While surgical excision remains the gold standard treatment, emerging reports suggest that more conservative approaches may be suitable in select cases, offering less invasive treatment options. We report the preservation of joint function while successfully resolving pyogenic digital granuloma with topical steroid-antibiotic preparations. A healthy 7-year-old girl presented with progressive left middle and ring finger exacerbation of lesions attributable to sheep fence lacerations. Primary closure was performed; however, it resulted in recurrent serous collections, necessitating the use of a patch of granulation tissue. Examination revealed non-tender digit swelling at the volar aspect of the middle and distal phalanges with maintained flexor digitorum muscles, intact sensation, and no Kanavel signs. The child underwent staged bedside debridement under a digital block and removal of sutures lodged within the granulation tissue. Conservative treatment included daily steroid-infused dressings with fusidic acid ointment, overlapping two debridement sessions spaced 1 week apart. No lesions were noted post-treatment, along with a full range of movement and intact sensation. Skin loss traversing the flexor creases did not result in any form of flexion contraction and remained satisfactory at follow-up. This case demonstrates that dual-action corticosteroid-antibiotic therapy, combined with stepwise debridement, can achieve functional preservation of the joint in children with digital PG. In certain pediatric patients, where the lesions are located in functionally important regions, this surgical excision alternative is beneficial. It must be noted, however, that the lack of confirmation through histopathological analysis in this case represents a significant limitation that should be considered in the course of clinical reasoning.

The progesterone paradigm: Molecular prognostication in conservative management of endometrial cancer.

Cost-effectiveness of prophylactic absorbable antibiotic cement for breast implant infection: A break-even analysis.

Extrinsic versus intrinsic stenosis as a means of clinical triage for patients with symptomatic dural venous sinus stenosis.

Value of the feces sign in predicting successful conservative management of adhesive small bowel obstruction: A retrospective cohort study.