Concept Of Conservation Research Articles

What’s love got to do with it? A biophilia-based approach to zoonoses prevention through a conservation lens

E.O. Wilson coined the term biophilia, defining it as an innate affinity to the natural world. The concept of nature connectedness is used in environmental psychology as a measure of feelings and self-perceptions of connectedness to nature. Researchers have found a wide variety of positive effects associated with nature connectedness, including better mental health and wellbeing, increased altruistic and cooperative behavior, and heightened empathy. When these feelings of empathy are directed toward nature and applied to conservation actions, they can overcome the effects of compassion collapse, a phenomenon observed to lower study participants willingness to engage in altruistic behavior when there are many or diffuse victims of a disaster. Biophilia is an important concept in conservation, but it has not been widely applied to zoonoses prevention. The public health community has often relied on fear-based (biophobic) messages, which can drive the very interactions they were intended to avoid (e.g., media reports of bat zoonoses leading to culling activities and destruction of bat habitat) and exacerbate the ecological drivers of spillover. Communication strategies rooted in biophilia may be more effective at generating empathy for both ecological and human communities, leading to greater willingness to leave zoonotic pathogen hosts and their habitats alone, further reducing spillover events and the ecological conditions that make spillover more likely. Given the intertwined nature of human and ecological health, it is critical that the conservation and public health communities speak in a unified voice.

EVALUATION OF THE USE OF PRODUCED NANOPARTICLE MATERIALS IN THERMAL INSULATION MATERIALS

Today, the concept of energy conservation has become a much more important concept due to the difficulty in accessing energy and the increasing cost of energy resources. The fact that fossil energy resources have started to be depleted in recent years worldwide has led mankind to renewable and sustainable energy resources. However, the fact that such resources are not yet at a level to meet the needs has shown the necessity of using energy economically. In our research, the thermal conductivities of the nanoparticles produced by us were determined in terms of evaluating the use of nanoparticle materials, which is a new perspective on energy saving, in thermal insulation materials. Then, the thermal conductivity coefficients of the nanoparticles in the literature were investigated and compared with the values of the nanoparticles produced by us, and the suitability of the use of the nanomaterials we produced in insulation materials was evaluated. As a result of the evaluations, it was observed that the CuO nanoparticle produced by us gave similar results with the literature, and the Al2O3 nanoparticle gave better results than similar studies at a rate of 5%.

ECOLOGICAL DA’WAH STRATEGIES IN PROMOTING ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION IN AMBON CITY

<p>The purpose of this research is to provide an alternative solution for ecological-based Da’wah in the efforts to protect the environmental destruction in the city of Ambon. Ambon is a region surrounded by hills that are prone to disasters such as landslides and floods. Ecological-based da’wah is considered an alternative solution to instill environmental values in the community for environmental conservation.</p><p>This research is a qualitative descriptive type supported by quantitative data by using phenomenological approach. This research locates in the city of Ambon. Observation, interviews, questionnaires, documentation, and Delphi technique are used to collect the data related to the research questions. The data then are analyzed by using the following phases:  data reduction, data presentation, interpretation, and drawing conclusions.</p><p>The study identified at least five alternative solutions for ecological da’wah in environmental conservation efforts in Ambon, namely: implementation of <em>"dakwah bil hal"</em> (preaching by action), maximizing the use of media, changing preaching strategies, applying conservation concepts, and enforcing environmental laws. Among these solutions, it is found that the most effective alternative solution is the maximal use of media by publicizing the importance of preserving the environment. The implications of this research suggest that the government of Ambon, religious leaders, and environmental stakeholders should make efforts to use media to the fullest extent and educate the public about the environment through mass media or social media.</p><p><strong>Keywords: the city of Ambon, ecological based da’wah, environmental conservation.</strong></p>

Data informed performance assessment and structural health monitoring for existing and historical concrete structures

AbstractOur generation inherits this cultural heritage of historic material and historic reinforced concrete structures and thus bears a certain responsibility to preserve these historic buildings with the help of the new technologies of lifetime management, conservation concepts and the new digitalization as well as the emerging safety concepts of our time. The aim of this article is to analyze the new technologies of data‐based service life management in relation to the assessment of historic reinforced concrete structures and to test the applicability of these methods to these historic buildings.

Interaction of a Dense Layer of Solid Particles with a Shock Wave Propagating in a Tube

A numerical simulation of an unsteady gas flow containing inert solid particles in a shock tube is carried out using the interpenetrating continuum model. The gas and dispersed phases are characterized by governing equations that express the concepts of mass, momentum, and energy conservation as well as an equation that shows the change of the volume fraction of the dispersed phase. Using a Godunov-type approach, the hyperbolic governing equations are solved numerically with an increased order of accuracy. The working section of the shock tube containing air and solid particles of various sizes is considered. The shock wave structure is discussed and computational results provide the spatial and temporal dependencies of the particle concentration and other flow quantities. The numerical simulation results are compared with available experimental and computational data.

Relative Humidity: Reuniting the Disciplines of Museological and Ecological Conservation

This article considers the concept of conservation from both a museological and ecological lens, locating its modern origins in the development of the mechanical hair hygrometer invented by Horace Bénédict de Saussure. Loosely employing the sociological method of a field study, the paper finds that ecological conservation and art/museum conservation not only share an origin but have begun to collapse back in on themselves in the face of climate change, where land art has become a “barometer” for rapidly changing ecosystems and protected living species have begun to be monitored with the exacting practices normally reserved for museum collections. It concludes with the arbitrary nature of what has the privilege—or burden—of being conserved, in relation to semiotic analysis (the arbitrary nature of the sign) developed by de Saussure’s Senior’s great-grandson, Ferdinand de Saussure.

What's the story of the elephant? Evaluation of choose‐your‐own‐adventure activities on public perception of human–elephant conflict

AbstractChoose‐your‐own‐adventure (CYOA) narratives offer immersive experiences that can effectively convey complex conservation concepts, fostering empathy and critical thinking, particularly in addressing issues like human–elephant conflict. Despite their potential, there is limited research on the use of CYOA activities in conservation education. In this study, we created an interactive story centered on elephant conservation, drawing from existing research to distill scientific concepts into engaging narratives and utilizing various modes of delivery (YouTube and live performances) to reach diverse audiences. We conducted postactivity surveys to assess variations in audience perception, learning, and conservation engagement intentions in relation to sociodemographic factors, activity type, and messages encountered. We then modeled the relationships between ordinal responses and explanatory variables using cumulative ordinal mixed models (N = 398). For the YouTube version, we also considered sociodemographic factors (YouTube n = 53, non‐YouTube n = 47). Our findings indicate a preference for live performances over online YouTube activity, with participants gaining knowledge about elephant conservation from both formats. For the YouTube activity, participants strongly agreed that the activity allowed engagement with the character and topic. They also expressed a higher likelihood of participating in several conservation actions, relative to a control group. While CYOA storytelling shows promise for conservation education, challenges remain in simplifying scientific language, assessing its impact on comprehension of complex issues, standardizing outcomes, and effectively communicating knowledge. Further research is recommended to adapt this approach, making it applicable to various audiences and domains beyond conservation.

Spreading the “scientific approach”: the chemical turn in conservation from the Musée d’ethnographie du Trocadéro to colonial museums in the French empire

ABSTRACT This text retraces the installation of the laboratory in the Musée d’ethnographie du Trocadéro in the 1930s. It questions the ambitions that lay behind the “scientific” conception of museum conservation as promoted by the museum’s technical assistant, Adrien Fédorovsky, in parallel with many other European museums. Particular attention is paid to chemical methods of conservation and the setting up of toxic chambers. The products used and their suppliers are documented, and overlaps with other social fields sketched out. Finally, the text traces the spread of chemical conservation methods to planned and completed museums in the French empire.

CO2 Loss into Solution: An Experimental Investigation of CO2 Electrolysis with a Membrane Electrode Assembly Cell.

In pursuit of commercial viability for carbon dioxide (CO2) electrolysis, this study investigates the operational challenges associated with membrane electrode assembly (MEA)-type CO2 electrolyzers, with a focus on CO2 loss into the solution phase through bicarbonate (HCO3 -) and carbonate (CO3 2-) ion formation. Utilizing a silver electrode known for selectively facilitating CO2 to CO conversion, the molar production of CO2, CO, and H2 is measured across a range of current densities from 0 to 600 mA/cm2, while maintaining a constant CO2 inlet flow rate of 58 mL/min. The dynamics of CO2 loss are monitored through measurements of pH changes in the electrolyte and carbon elemental balance analysis. Employing the concept of conservation of elemental carbon, a chemical reaction analysis is conducted, identifying the critical role of the hydroxide (OH-) ion. At lower current densities below 125 mA/cm2, where CO2 reduction predominates, it is observed that CO2 loss is proportional to current density, reaching up to 0.18 mmol/min, and directly correlates with the rate of OH- ion production, indicative of HCO3 -/CO3 2- ion formation. Conversely, at higher current densities above 450 mA/cm2, where hydrogen evolution is the dominant process, CO2 loss is shown to decouple from the OH- ion production rate with a constant limit condition of 0.12 mmol/min, regardless of the current density. This suggests that electrolyte-induced cathode flooding restricts CO2 access to cathode sites. Additionally, pH change in the electrolyte during the electrolysis further infers differing ion populations in the CO2 reduction and hydrogen evolution regimes, and their movement across the membrane. Continued monitoring of the pH change after the cessation of electricity offers insights into the accumulation of HCO3 -/CO3 2- ion at the cathode, influencing salt formation.

Environmental Conservation in Quraish Shihab and Hamka’s Perspective

The environmental crisis has become a global issue and a common concern of this century. The anthropocentric paradigm is also one of the causes of environmental damage. This paradigm assumes that the center of the universe is human beings, so they are free to exploit natural resources for their interests. This paper will reveal Qur'an-based environmental conservation. The author more specifically reveals the views of the mufasir of Indonesia, M. Quraish Shihab and Buya Hamka, on the issue of environmental conservation. This paper aims to find the concept of environmental conservation based on the Qur'an by two Indonesian muftis. The research method used in this article is qualitative and is library research. The main data used in this article include Tafsir Al-Misbah by M. Quraish Shihab and Tafsir Al-Azhar by Hamka. The data were analyzed with a content analysis approach. The conclusion of this article shows that Indonesia's mufasir is concerned about environmental conservation based on the Qur'an. M. Quraish Shihab and Buya Hamka have a common interpretation that the universe was created by Allah for humans and used to meet their needs proportionally. The concept of the caliph and its implementation (utilizing, maintaining, preserving, and regenerating nature for the next life) is urgently needed to protect the earth and its environment. Environmental preservation is contained in the concept of iḥsān with the peak of good behavior towards nature. The concept of justice by acting in balance is a responsibility to the environment. The concept of proportionality (not excessive) in the use of the environment.

Medical metaphors in the conservation discourse: insights from critical metaphor analysis

This article explores the use of medical metaphors in conservation discourse, analysing their impact on shaping the concept of conservation through the lens of cognitive linguistics and sociology. Through analysis of 120 papers from the ICOM-CC Theory, History and Ethics Working Group, metaphors such as the conservation object is a human being and the conservator is a doctor were identified. The study reveals how these metaphors frame conservation as a beneficent act of caring for an object, akin to medical treatment. However, it also highlights limitations in explaining stakeholder involvement and community autonomy, the stages of conservation actions, and more nuanced concepts of damage. While this article does not argue against the use of medical metaphors in conservation, it aims to raise awareness of those limitations deriving from the use of complex and fluid concepts in both fields. In conclusion, this study advocates for further research to explore culture-specific features and chronological changes in the use of metaphors to promote a deeper understanding of cross-cultural and inter-generational communications in conservation.

Soviet museum ethnography at the VII International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnographic Sciences: restoration and conservation of disciplinary heritage under the “gaze” of the West

(1964) is considered in the article as a discussion space within which ethnographers and museum workers presented and debated different views on the past and present of their discipline. Archival materials are explored through the concepts of restoration and conservation – rhetorical strategies that involve different forms of interpretation of disciplinary heritage and projects for action. Projects for the “revival” of the Museum of the Peoples of the USSR in Moscow and “Materials on Ethnography’s” edition in Leningrad mostly referred to the ethnography of the 1920s, which was suppressed and criticized during the transition to Marxist methodology in the 1930s. The restoration strategy led to the recognition of the unspoken lag behind Western anthropology and museum affairs. The reconstruction of fragments of the past was proposed as a solution to the problem. The conservation strategy, on the contrary, saw Soviet museum ethnography as ahead of foreign ones. The legacy of the “marxization” of the 1930s, according to this rhetoric, was the key to victories in the past and present, and its criticism and rejection deprived Soviet ethnography of its advantages. Museum practices of research and representation of the culture and life of collective farmers and workers, and the active use of mannequins and life-size dioramas to show social relations were recognized as such a positive legacy.

Interactions among lump optical solitons for coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation with variable coefficient via bilinear method

In this paper, a non-autonomous (3+1) dimensional coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) with variable coefficients in optical fiber communication is analyzed. By means of bilinear technique and symbolic computations, new multi-soliton solutions of the coupled model in different trigonometric and lump functions are given. Then, in terms of perturbed waves, considering the steady state solution and the small perturbation on the three directions x, y, z and the time t, the soliton transmission are also considered. The behaviour of interaction among lump periodic soliton is studied and optical soliton solutions are reached. This study has certain significance for the analysis of other nonlinear dispersion systems and the application of optical physics. The results are presented through graphs generated by using Maple. The important feature of the proposed study is to show different behaviour of the soliton at each component. The behaviour of solitons, their interactions, and their transformations are all governed by the fundamental concept of energy conservation in all three examples. We demonstrate the efficiency of our suggested methodology for analyzing the NLSE equations using the numerical simulations and analytical tools, yielding fresh insights into their behaviour and solutions. Our findings help to develop mathematical tools for investigating nonlinear partial differential equation (NLPDEs) and provide new insights on the dynamics of NLSE equations, which have implications for many domains of physics and applied mathematics

Novel hybrid waves solutions of Sawada–Kotera like integrable model arising in fluid mechanics

The purpose of the paper is to uncover more advanced soliton solutions for the three-component Sawada–Kotera (SK)-like equation. The Hirota bilinear (HB) method is exploited to obtain a bilinear form and general solution to the three-component SK like equation. The study explores various soliton solutions by considering multiple dispersion coefficients. The focus is on multiple bifurcated solitons, hybrid breathers, periodic lumps, and periodic rogue waves, as well as the resonance in soliton solutions. The fission or fusion processes of solitons are analyzed for specific values of parameters. From the literature, real Y-shaped and X-shaped solitons in water waves are provided. The results are presented through graphs generated using MATLAB 2021. The important feature of the proposed study is to show different behavior of the soliton in each component. The behavior of solitons, their interactions, and their transformations are all governed by the fundamental concept of energy conservation in all three cases. The amplitudes and forms of the solitons are impacted by the energy redistribution that occurs during collisions, fission, or other interactions. Understanding these energy dynamics aids in predicting how these nonlinear wave events would behave in complex systems and sheds light on the fundamental physics of these phenomena.

Revising the Keystone Species Concept for Conservation: Value Neutrality and Non-Nativeness

ABSTRACT The keystone species concept is often used in conservation. However, scientists and conservationists use the concept in many different ways. I suggest that a problem with the concept in conservation is not the lack of a shared definition. Instead, the problem is how the concept is applied to only certain species despite potentially covering a broader suite of species. This highlights unstated values in using the concept in conservation. I use novel examples, such as non-native Burmese pythons in Florida, to motivate this. I argue that the concept should include these species and be used value-neutral.

Inventory Management and Strategy Optimization from The Perspective of Green Supply Chain Management

With the increasing severity of global environmental problems, the business community has begun to seek more sustainable business models. Green Supply chain Management (GSCM), as an important strategy to achieve this goal, emphasizes the integration of environmental protection and resource conservation concepts throughout the supply chain. This paper analyzes the impact of traditional inventory management on the environment, discusses the new model of inventory management under the perspective of GSCM, and puts forward the corresponding optimization strategy. This paper finds that green inventory management not only helps to reduce resource consumption and pollution emissions, but also improves the competitiveness and social image of enterprises. Therefore, the promotion of green inventory management is an important way to achieve sustainable development of enterprises and environmental protection.

Ecology of the Arboreal Vegetation of the Cerrado in Urban Area, Palmas – Tocantins

Objective: To investigate the floristic diversity in three remaining urban forest fragments in Palmas, Tocantins, aiming to understand the structure and floristic composition and their importance for urban biodiversity conservation. Theoretical Framework: Based on concepts of phytosociology and biodiversity conservation, highlighting the importance of urban fragments for the preservation of native flora and the challenges posed by increasing urbanization. Method: Setup of 10 plots, each measuring 20x50 meters in the three studied fragments. All individuals with a circumference at breast height (CBH) equal to or greater than 10 cm were sampled. The phytosociological data were collected and analyzed using FITOPAC software. Results and Discussion: A total of 1,346 individuals belonging to 67 species and 44 families were found. The observed phytophysiognomies were cerrado sensu stricto and cerradão. The species Connarus suberosus, Caryocar brasiliense, and Qualea parviflora showed higher occurrence and wider distribution. These results reflect the richness and diversity that can be found in remaining fragments of the Cerrado. Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing results that influence conservation practices and sustainable management in urban areas. Originality: Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Palmas, Tocantins, Brasil. Value: This study contributes to the literature by providing a detailed analysis of the floristic composition of urban fragments of the Cerrado, highlighting their importance for biodiversity conservation in urban areas. The relevance of this research is evidenced by the proposed strategies for the preservation of native species in Palmas' urbanization plan.

Contribution to the Knowledge of Two Endangered Fishes of the Jequitinhonha River Basin

Objective: Investigate the capture of Brycon devillei and Steindachneridion amblyurum in the Jequitinhonha River basin to contribute to the knowledge of these endemic and endangered species. Theoretical Framework: Based on concepts of ecology and conservation of aquatic species, highlighting the importance of preserving natural habitats for maintaining biodiversity. Theories on the relationship between climatic events and fish capture patterns are also explored. Method: Monthly collections of the species from 2011 to 2015, focusing on the months of October to February. Data collection included the capture of live specimens, which were sent for macro and microscopic analysis at the Machado Mineiro Environmental Station. The relationship between rainy days and reservoir levels with the number of species captured was statistically analyzed. Results and Discussion: Both Brycon devillei and Steindachneridion amblyurum were mainly captured during periods of rain and reservoir filling. There was a significant relationship between capture and rainy days for both species, with p<0.003 for Steindachneridion amblyurum and p<0.002 for Brycon devillei. The discussion contextualizes these findings in light of the theoretical framework, considering the ecological implications. Research Implications: Monitoring the reservoir during rainy days for the conservation of these species. Theoretically, the study highlights the importance of environmental factors in the capture of endangered aquatic species. Originality/Value: Contributes to the literature by providing unprecedented data on Brycon devillei and Steindachneridion amblyurum. The research offers valuable insights for the conservation of endemic fish in impacted habitats.

Traditional knowledge, attitude and behaviour of indigenous people towards endangered wildlife conservation in Kon Plong District, Vietnam

Indigenous knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of local people are very important concepts for wildlife conservation. Endangered wildlife species that live in Kon Plong forests have been under pressure from the communities living around them, including wildlife hunting, trapping, capturing, illegal logging, and encroachment for residential and production land. This study aims to understand the knowledge, attitude, and behaviour of indigenous people towards endangered wildlife in order to protect these species. Some participatory rural appraisal tools were used to discuss the situation and collect information in nine villages of four communes in Kon Plong District from December 2019 to March 2020. The results showed that the levels of knowledge about endangered wildlife among indigenous people in communes were statistically different. People’s knowledge of the law influenced their behaviour. Gender had the greatest influence on the level of knowledge. Most indigenous people had a positive attitude and wanted to protect endangered animals. “Commune” and “culture” were the two factors affecting people’s attitudes. “Commune”, “culture”, and the level of understanding affected the hunting behaviour of people. Negative human impacts have seriously influenced endangered wildlife species. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a long-term conservation strategy and plan, including the establishment of Kon Plong Special-Use Forests, supporting livelihoods for local people, communicating, and raising awareness among local people, and increasing the participation of community organisations.

Scale analysis of undercut and bulge driven by thermocapillary convection due to surface-active solute on a solidified surface

This study scales the shape of the undercut, a depression region near the triple-phase line parallel to the scanning direction, and the bulge in the central region within the fusion zone, considering thermocapillary convection affected by a surface-active solute in the molten pool for the first time. Undercuts, commonly encountered in welding, additive manufacturing, and re-solidification processes, reduce fatigue and fracture strength while enhancing stress concentration. Utilizing the interfacial Young–Laplace equation and Bernoulli equations in the shear layer driven by thermocapillary force influenced by the surface-active solute-affected critical temperature, and introducing the concept of mass conservation, the scale analysis finds that the undercut depth and bulge height increase as Marangoni and Prandtl numbers increase, and the loss coefficient decreases. Furthermore, the widths of the undercut and bulge exhibit increases with dimensionless beam power, fusion zone width, and the ratio of solid-to-liquid thermal conductivity. The COMSOL Multiphase code is also used for simulation and successful comparison, aligning with experimental data from laser polishing. This analysis aids in understanding and controlling microstructures in various processes beyond laser polishing.