Consequences Of Gentrification Research Articles

Urban Gentri: Serious Game on Learning about Gentrification

As a global phenomenon, gentrification has far-reaching social and economic implications. As civic engagement and public understanding are crucial for responding to gentrification, employing a game-based approach could be effective due to the games’ ludic attributes. However, existing gamified interventions often lack structured game design and empirical assessment of their learning effectiveness. As such, this study aims to develop a serious game (SG) and assess its effect on enhancing public understanding and awareness of gentrification using an Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation framework. A prototype of a serious board game, Urban Gentri, was developed to immerse participants in the process and consequences of gentrification. A Mechanics-Dynamics-Aesthetics framework was used when developing the rules of the game. Then, the study employed a mixed-methods approach, with forty-five participants completing pre- and post-tests and semi-structured exit interviews. Quantitative analysis showed a statistically significant increase in cognitive learning scores, demonstrating an improvement in the understanding of gentrification. The qualitative analysis of the exit interviews revealed the SG’s effectiveness in fostering empathy and encouraging participants to explore solutions (e.g., communication and policy interventions) to mitigate gentrification’s negative implications. Participants also expressed their willingness to engage in civic actions, such as supporting local businesses or paying attention to relevant news articles after playing the game. This implies the role-playing aspect allowed participants to empathize with different stakeholders, leading to a deeper appreciation of the complexities involved in gentrification. The findings highlight SGs’ potential for promoting public understanding and awareness of urban planning issues, including gentrification. By leveraging SGs as educational tools, planners and educators can create engaging platforms to inform the public and promote informed decision-making on complex urban issues.

Causes, consequences and health impacts of gentrification in the Global North: a conceptual framework

We aimed to create a theoretical framework to understand how neighborhood gentrification may impact urban health and health equity, taking into account perspectives and evidence from multiple disciplines. In addition to reviewing the literature and harnessing our own experience and expertise, we elicited input from researchers, activists and professionals from multiple fields using an eDelphi process, determined the agreements and disagreements between respondents on the causes, consequences, and health impacts of gentrification. Respondents agreed that neighborhood gentrification has important implications for mental health and on many of the causes and consequences of gentrification but reached less agreement on the pathways by which gentrification may affect health and the specific health outcomes that may be affected. Finally, we generated an evidence-informed conceptual framework taking into account the input from the eDelphi process. Here we present this conceptual framework for understanding the relationship between gentrification and health and discuss a future research agenda for this emerging theme in public health research.

The influence of social geographic changes on the availability of parking spaces: A case study of Novi Sad

The purpose of the paper was to illustrate a case in which the socio-geographical changes of the settlement are reflected on its streets, particularly concerning parking availability. The research aimed to address the increasing scarcity of parking spaces in planned areas of the city. To achieve this, semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with parking space users. The analysis of the responses revealed certain patterns reflecting socio-geographical processes in the population of Novi Sad. The results showed that the lack of parking spaces is attributable to factors such as the growing number of cars, which is a consequence of gentrification, population aging, delayed departure from parental homes, etc. The challenges in finding parking spots adversaly affect the city?s sustainability. The work is significant for two main reasons: firstly, it illustrates phenomena accompanying cities? population and economic development, and secondly, it highlights the necessity, during spatial planning in urban areas, to consider contemporary demographic processes while also anticipating demographic trends. Proposed solutions include enhancing the role of public transportation and promoting alternative modes of transport. However, these solutions come with drawbacks such as time constraints, weather conditions, pricing, availability, and other factors.

Sociological Perspectives on Urban Gentrification and Its Societal Implications

This paper provides a sociological perspective on urban gentrification and its societal implications, employing a research method that primarily involves an extensive literature study. Gentrification, characterized by the influx of more affluent residents into previously disadvantaged urban neighborhoods, is a multifaceted phenomenon with significant social, economic, and cultural consequences. Drawing on sociological theories and empirical research from existing literature, the study examines the drivers and consequences of gentrification, exploring issues such as housing affordability, displacement, social demographics, and the dynamics of urban change. It also considers how gentrification both perpetuates and alleviates social inequalities, emphasizing the importance of inclusive urban development policies and community-based initiatives to address the challenges and opportunities that gentrification presents in contemporary cities.

Displacement: cause and consequence of gentrification

I am very honored by Chris Hamnett’s comments on my article (Anne Clerval, 2020) and the debate that the journal allows us to continue. I would like to come back to the three points of debate opene...

Please Help Yourself

Throughout 2017, cultural institutions across England and Wales marked the fiftieth anniversary of the partial decriminalisation of sex between men. In this article I explore two projects about public sex and queer space developed in London that year by two contemporary queer artists: Liz Rosenfeld and Prem Sahib. Both employ queer approaches to preservation and archival labour in the face of imminent material erasure, particularly the loss of dedicated queer cultural spaces as a consequence of gentrification, and exhibit a queer disengagement with the public forms of commemoration enacted that year. I consider how Rosenfeld and Sahib’s work from 2017, which casts endemic gendered and racialising practices of exclusion and denial in sharp relief, imbues the practices of preservation and archiving with an erotic complexity and an embodied and radical urgency that underscores the precarity of queer spaces and queer archives in contemporary Britain.

“Qualifying Peripheries” or “Repolarizing the Center”: A Comparison of Gentrification Processes in Europe

Reflecting a broader form of neo-liberal urban policy underlying the progressive return of capital investment, gentrification is a key issue in urban studies. Although earlier definitions of “gentrification” focused mostly on socio-cultural processes, recent works have qualified gentrification as a mixed political–economic issue. Clarifying whether inner city gentrification should be supported, controlled, constricted, or prevented is a key debate in urban sustainability and metabolism, contributing to managing and, possibly, enhancing metropolitan resilience. To define the causes and consequences of gentrification, understanding the intrinsic linkage with different social contexts is crucial. There are no universal and comprehensive gentrification processes, displaying similarities and differences at the same time. A comparative analysis of different forms of gentrification and urban change provides basic knowledge to delineate complex, non-linear paths of socioeconomic development in cities, shedding light on the increased socioeconomic complexity and the most appropriate policies to fuel metropolitan sustainability in a broader context of global change. From this perspective, our commentary focuses on the main issues at the base of gentrification in Europe, starting from basic definitions and providing a regional vision distinguishing three “gentrification ideal-types” (northern, eastern, and Mediterranean). The implications of these different socioeconomic processes for the policy and governance of sustainable and resilient cities were discussed, evidencing new lines of investigation to frame (or re-frame) the increasing complexity of urbanization patterns and processes.

A call to engage: considering the role of gentrification in public health research

ABSTRACT As interest in incorporating gentrification into public health research grows, so too does the need for developing conceptual models and methods for understanding the role of dynamic processes such as gentrification in assessing neighborhood effects on health. This requires public health researchers to engage in ongoing active debates within the social sciences on the definition, causes and consequences of gentrification, going beyond the simple application of measurements borrowed or adapted from the social sciences. Having a stance on gentrification informs measurement, the research question, study design and the role of gentrification in quantitative models employed by public health researchers.

Causally speaking: Challenges in measuring gentrification for population health research in the United States and Canada.

The planet is rapidly urbanizing, the need for actionable evidence to guide the design of cities that help (not hinder) our health has never felt more urgent. One essential component of healthy city design is improving neighborhood conditions in previously disinvested areas. To ensure equitable city design, policy makers, city planners, health practitioners, and researchers are interested in understanding the complex relationship between urban change, gentrification, and population health. Yet, the causal link between gentrification and health outcomes remain unclear. Without clear and consistent gentrification measures, researchers struggle to identify populations who are exposed to gentrification, and to compare health outcomes between exposed and unexposed populations. To move the science forward, this paper summarizes the challenges related to gentrification measurement in the United States and Canada when aspiring to conduct studies to analyze causal relationships between gentrification and health. The paper concludes with a series of recommendations for studies aimed at examining both causes and consequences of gentrification and health.

Beyond Housing: Perceptions of Indirect Displacement, Displacement Risk, and Aging Precarity as Challenges to Aging in Place in Gentrifying Cities.

Neighborhoods within age-friendly cities and communities are an important factor in shaping the everyday lives of older adults. Yet, less is known about how neighborhoods experiencing change influence the ability to age in place. One type of rapid neighborhood change occurring across major cities nationally and globally is gentrification, a process whereby the culture of an existing neighborhood changes through the influx of more affluent residents and businesses. Few studies have considered the impact of gentrification on older adults, who are among the most vulnerable to economic and social pressures that often accompany gentrification. The current study explores one consequence of gentrification, indirect displacement. While gentrification-induced displacement can refer to the physical (e.g., direct) displacement of residents moving out of a neighborhood due to rising housing costs, it also references the replacement of the unique character and social identity of a neighborhood (e.g., indirect displacement). We examine perceptions of the latter, characterized by perceived cultural shifts and housing concerns among adults aging in place in a gentrifying neighborhood in New York City. The implications of indirect displacement for displacement risk and aging precarity are discussed as potential threats to aging in place in age-friendly cities.

Does gentrification displace poor children and their families? New evidence from medicaid data in New York City

The pace of gentrification has accelerated in cities across the country since 2000, and many observers fear that it is displacing low-income populations from their homes and communities. We offer new evidence about the consequences of gentrification on mobility, building and neighborhood conditions, using longitudinal New York City Medicaid records from January 2009 to December 2015 to track the movement of a cohort of low-income children over seven years, during a period of rapid gentrification in the city. We leverage building-level data to examine children in market rate housing separately from those in subsidized housing. Using multiple definitions, we find no evidence that gentrification is associated with meaningful changes in mobility rates over the seven-year period, though it is associated with slightly longer distance moves. As for changes in neighborhood conditions, we find that children who start out in a gentrifying area experience larger improvements in some aspects of their residential environment than their counterparts who start out in persistently low-socioeconomic status areas. This effect is driven by families who stay in neighborhoods as they gentrify; we observe few differences in the characteristics of destination neighborhoods among families who move, though we find modest evidence that children moving from gentrifying areas move to safer neighborhoods but lower-quality buildings.

Gentrificación y desastre en la Zona de La Condesa

En este artículo se reflexiona sobre la relación entre el proceso de gentrificación y la construcción social del desastre, a partir del sismo ocurrido el 19 de septiembre de 2017 en la Ciudad de México. En particular, se trata de analizar cómo el proceso de renovación urbana en la zona de la Condesa, provocó determinadas condiciones de vulnerabilidad socioambiental que, aunado a los movimientos telúricos, posibilitó una situación de desastre. Para lo cual, se hace uso de diferentes fuentes y datos oficiales, mapas y notas de periódico. La finalidad es aportar otras pistas para la discusión sobre los desastres como una consecuencia socioambiental negativa de la gentrificación en este lugar.

Explicating Divided Approaches to Gentrification and Growing Income Inequality

Contemporary sociology offers competing images of the breadth and consequences of gentrification. One subset presents gentrification as a nearly unstoppable force that plays a prominent role in the spatial reorganization of urban life; another presents it as less monolithic and less momentous for marginalized residents, particularly racial minorities. Although neither camp is methodologically homogenous, more qualitative scholars, typically relying on micro-level analyses of individual neighborhoods, tend to present gentrification as increasingly endemic, advanced, and consequential, whereas more quantitative scholars, typically relying on macro analyses, tend to present it in less dire terms. These competing images of gentrification originate in the fact that each subset of research asks different questions, employs distinct methods, and produces particular answers. Exacerbating and partially driving these divergences are different responses to an anxiety within and beyond the academy about broader spatial and economic shifts, such as growing income inequality.

Kirsteen Paton: Gentrification: a working-class perspective

Among urban scholars there is much debate about the consequences of gentrification, in particular about the question whether gentrification displaces the original and less affluent residents. Kirsteen Paton’s book Gentrification: A Working-Class Perspective critically engages with this debate, arguing that displacement has been too narrowly focused on eviction and forced physical movement. Reworking Hackworth’s definition of gentrification as the creation of urban space for the more affluent user, she aims to show how gentrification also seeks to create the affluent user and thus results in cultural displacement as well as various types of physical displacement. Gentrification is a way to manage and discipline rather than displace low-income residents, Paton argues. The book is ambitious in promising nothing less than ‘a new sociological perspective on gentrification’ (p. 5). Paton weaves together literatures on hegemony, class analysis, gentrification and neoliberal economic restructuring. Through an empirical investigation of Gramsci’s concept of hegemony, Paton aims to demonstrate how gentrification is as much a consensual strategy as it is coercive. The book offers stimulating critiques of various literatures and is rich in ideas. Her empirical work is a case study of the regeneration of Partick, Glasgow, which is a ‘predominantly ‘‘white’’ working-class’ and now gentrifying neighbourhood with the motto Industria dilat or ‘we are enriched by industry’ (p. 61). Paton gathered the ‘locational narratives’ that describe ‘people’s residential biographical stories of how and where they live’ (p. 54) of 49 people (previously) living in Partick. In four chapters, which are preceded by an elaborate theoretical chapter, she stages her interviewees in an exploration of various themes among which class and place, consumer citizenship, othering and displacement. Paton’s most thought-provoking conclusion, in my reading, is that ‘gentrification is not always a zero-sum game for working-class residents, who at times rework gentrification processes, on their own terms for their own gains’ (blurb). This insight is detailed in a

New‐build gentrification: its histories, trajectories, and critical geographies

AbstractNew‐build gentrification has been the subject of renewed attention of late. The impetus was Lambert and Boddy, who asserted that inner‐city new‐build developments in British city centres should not be viewed as a form of gentrification. While the term has long been generally accepted, Lambert and Boddy, and, more recently, Boddy, argue that the demographic transformations stimulated by city centre new‐build developments are relatively innocuous. They do not cause population displacement, and are not associated with the rent‐hike and eviction processes of gentrification proper. Indeed, within a move to rethink the workings and consequences of gentrification more generally (e.g. Butler), there has been a new questioning of whether this, or any, contemporary form of gentrification produces significant displacement concerns. In this paper, we address these new debates. We begin by tracing the histories of new‐build gentrification, highlighting its long‐standing presence, and then we move on to look at its trajectories, focusing our lens on London to demonstrate the diversity and complexity of this process in just one city. We outline the presence of displacement – both direct and indirect – as a complex and nuanced process (not just a spatial moment), but one that has nevertheless had a real‐life impact on real people. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Circles of Association: The Connections of Community-Based Food Systems

ABSTRACT Michigan, like many states, is experiencing a number of deep and persistent problems, including high rates of obesity, unemployment, fiscal deficits and farmland loss. This paper develops a conceptual framework, showing how these problems are related to options available for food and agricultural systems. Community-based food systems (CFS) lie at the center of a number of causal loops which may reinforce a series of potentially positive or negative outcomes. We suggest a number of interventions that would lead to a more community-based food system: (1) strategies to make fresh food and local food more accessible; (2) policy interventions to reverse bias against CFS and promote locally grown good; (3) nutrition and food system education; (4) training for entrepreneurial agriculture. We also discuss countervailing forces such as the influence of those benefiting from the current system: agribusiness and food corporations such as input suppliers, manufacturers, realties and fast food chains. The unintended consequence of gentrification is also discussed. We conclude with a discussion of future research directions, utilizing a system dynamics model to identify levers of and barriers to change and ultimately the most effective pathway toward realizing CFS' benefits.

Inner-City Revitalization and Cultural Succession: The Evolution of San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury District

The Haight-Ashbury, newly "gentrified," is representative of an important contemporary trend in urban America—the movement of predominantly young, white professionals to the inner city. This San Francisco neighborhood attracted widespread attention as a vibrant hippie haunt during the "Summer of Love" of 1967, but quickly deteriorated thereafter into something of a "drug ghetto." Recently the Haight-Ashbury has experienced a remarkable revitalization. Increased property values and rents have displaced small businesses and low-income residents, however, threatening the neighborhood's widely valued social and ethnic diversity. These changes are examined to identify the form, extent, and consequences of gentrification in the Haight-Ashbury.