Consequence Of Chronic Renal Failure Research Articles

Exercising to fitness on dialysis.

Exercise tolerance is a recognised consequence of chronic renal failure. Physical de-conditioning is an integral factor in preventing the achievement of an otherwise very acceptable quality of life which can be accomplished by good dialysis therapy. This paper reports on the implementation of an exercise programme in an ESRD setting with a patient population of over 1,100. Patients aged between 20 and 65 years were identified for phase one of the programme. All patients had an in-depth medical assessment to eliminate potential risks. The programme encompasses stretching, strengthening and aerobic exercises and a individualised exercise prescription was compiled for each participant. Twelve months after the initiation of this programme there is evidence of increased exercise tolerance, increased feelings of well-being and enhanced stability on dialysis.

A Structural Approach to Renal Bone Disease

A Structural Approach to Renal Bone Disease

Excess parathyroid hormone adversely affects lipid metabolism in chronic renal failure

Hyperlipidemia is common in chronic renal failure (CRF), but the underlying mechanisms are not clearly defined. Certain data points toward a potential role for the state of secondary hyperparathyroidism of CRF in its pathogenesis. We examined the effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on lipid metabolism utilizing intravenous fat tolerance test (IVFTT) and post-heparin lipolytic activity in five normal dogs, in six animals with CRF and secondary hyperparathyroidism (NPX) and in six normocalcemic-thyroparathyroidectomized dogs (NPX-PTX) with comparable degree and duration of CRF. NPX dogs had fasting hypertriglyceridemia (82 + 6.0 mg/dl vs. 49 +/- 2.7 mg/dl in normal dogs, P less than 0.01), abnormal IVFTT, and reduced post-heparin plasma LPL activity (151 +/- 10 vs. 275 +/- 15 mumol fatty acids/ml/min in normal dogs, P less than 0.01). The NPX-PTX dogs had normal fasting levels of serum triglycerides (42 +/- 0.6 mg/dl), normal IVFTT, and normal post-heparin plasma LPL (317 +/- 19 mumol fatty acids/ml/min) despite CRF. Post-heparin HL activity in plasma was not different between NPX and NPX-TPX dogs. The results show that excess blood levels of PTH and not other consequences of CRF are mainly responsible for the abnormalities in lipid metabolism. The data are consistent with the notion that excess PTH reduces post-heparin LPL activity in plasma, which in turn results in impaired lipid removal from the circulation and consequently hyperlipidemia.

Bone remodeling in predialysis chronic renal failure: how does the choice of index for mineralizing surface influence the interpretation?

To study how calculating bone dynamics with different indices of mineralizing surface (MS) may influence the interpretation of bone remodeling in chronic renal failure (CRF) and to discuss which of three often used indices may be closest to the true MS, we compared bone histomorphometry in predialysis patients with moderate (se-creatinine less than 400 mumol/liter) and advanced CRF. All were double-labeled with tetracycline and had no stainable bone aluminum. Bone dynamics were calculated with MS = double-labeled (dLS) + single-labeled surface (sLS), MS = dLS + sLS/2, and MS = dLS. As sLS was twice that of dLS in both groups and the label interval was only 10 days, most single labels were probably double labels, but unseparable due to wide and unsharp labels resulting from high rather than low bone turnover. Bone volume was the same in both groups, while osteoid and resorption indices, sLS, and bone formation rate (with MS = dLS + sLS) were increased in advanced CRF. dLS + sLS is higher than the true MS, but more representative for MS than dLS + sLS/2, with the true value between these two indices. Bone resorption, osteoid formation, and mineralization remain in balance even in advanced CRF. Osteomalacia is hardly the consequence of CRF alone.

Sex hormones in women on hemodialysis

The pituitary-ovarian axis was studied in 12 women with a creatinine clearance of less than 5 ml/min per 17 m 2, established on regular hemodialysis for at least 12 months. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) serum levels were found to be slightly lower than normal, luteinizing hormone (LH) plasma concentration generally elevated, while progesterone and estradiol values were extremely low. The major reproductive consequence of chronic renal failure in women on hemodialysis is a severe impairment in ovulatory function.

Metabolic Consequences of Chronic Renal Failure (Second Edition)

Metabolic Consequences of Chronic Renal Failure (Second Edition)

Metabolic Consequences of Chronic Renal Failure

Metabolic Consequences of Chronic Renal Failure

Book Review: Metabolic Consequences of Chronic Renal Failure

Book Review: Metabolic Consequences of Chronic Renal Failure

BOOK REVIEWS

British Journal of UrologyVolume 44, Issue 6 p. 716-716 BOOK REVIEWS First published: December 1972 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.1972.tb10146.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Abstract Book reviewed in this article: The Biochemical Consequences of Chronic Renal Failure. 1st Edition. By M. R. Wills, M.D., M.R.C.Path Uremia: Progress in Pathophysiology and Treatment. 1st Edition. By John P. Merrill and Constantine L. Hampers Ureterdynamik. Ed. W. Lutzeyer and H. Melchior. Volume44, Issue6December 1972Pages 716-716 RelatedInformation

Book Review: The Biochemical Consequences of Chronic Renal Failure

Book Review: The Biochemical Consequences of Chronic Renal Failure

Biochemical consequences of chronic renal failure: a review.

The biochemical consequences of chronic renal failure involve a disturbance in one of the fundamental mechanisms of the body's self-regulatory control systems. The concept of self-regulation in biological systems is both old and well established. The idea held by Hippocrates that disease was cured by natural powers, by a 'vis medicatrix naturae', implied the existence of systems ready to cooperate in a corrective manner when the natural state of the body was disturbed. In 1878 Claude Bernard made the distinction between the 'milieu ext6rieur', in which the whole organism exists, and the 'milieu interieur', in which the cells live. After considering some of the mechanisms involved he wrote in his now classical sentence that: ' . . . tous les mecanismes vitaux, quelque varies qu'ils soient, n'ont toujours qu'un but, celui de maintenir l'unite des conditions de la vie dans le milieu interieur.' The concept of an internal environment that was maintained in a steady state was further developed during the next 50 years and the term homeostasis was introduced by Walter B. Cannon to describe the physiologically constant state of the body. In 1929 he wrote: 'The coordinated physiological reactions which maintain most of the steady states in the body are so complex, and so peculiar to the living organism, that it has been suggested (Cannon, 1925) that a specific designation for these states be employed-homeostasis'. The role of the kidney in homeostasis is perhaps best expressed in the sentence of J. P. Peters (1935) who wrote: 'The kidneys appear to serve as the ultimate guardians of the constitution of the internal environment.' The kidney carries out its homeostatic functions by the processes of glomerular filtration and of tubular reabsorption and secretion, and thus regulates the concentration of metabolic end products, the osmotic pressure, the volume and the ionic composition of the internal environment. In chronic renal failure, the end results of the disturbances of renal function are alterations in the constitution of the internal environment which are of fundamental biochemical significance. UREA AND OTHER ORGANIC METABOLIC PRODUCTS