Condition Of Bodies Research Articles

Method and Experimental Research of Transmission Line Tower Grounding Body Condition Assessment Based on Multi-Parameter Time-Domain Pulsed Eddy Current Characteristic Signal Extraction

Pole tower grounding bodies are part of the normal structure of the power system, providing relief from fault currents and equalizing overvoltage channels. They are important devices; however, in the harsh environment of the soil, they are prone to corrosion or even fracture, which in turn affects the normal utilization of the transmission line, so accurately assessing the condition of grounding bodies of the power grid is critical. To assess the operational status of a grounding body in a timely manner, this paper proposes a multi-parameter pulsed eddy current (PEC) time-domain characteristic signal corrosion classification method for the detection of the state of a pole tower grounding body. The method firstly theoretically analysed the influence of multi-parameter changes on the PEC response time-domain feature signal caused by grounding body corrosion and extracts the decay time constant (DTC), and the decay time constant stabilization value (DTCSV) and time to stabilization (TTS) were obtained based on the DTC time domain characteristics for describing the corrosion of the grounding body. Subsequently, DTCSV and TTS were used as inputs to a support vector machine (SVM) to classify the corrosion of the grounding body. A simulation model was constructed to investigate the effect of multiparameter time on the DTCSV and TTS of the tower grounding body based on the single-variable method, and the multiparameter time-domain characterization method used for corrosion assessment was validated. Four defects with different corrosion levels were classified using the optimized SVM model, with an accuracy rate of 95%. Finally, a PEC inspection system platform was built to conduct classification tests on steel bars with different degrees of corrosion, and the results show that the SVM classification model based on DTCSV and TTS has a better discriminatory ability for different corrosive grounders and can be used to classify corrosion in the grounders of poles towers to improve the stability of power transmission.

Экологическая оценка состояния водных объектов в условиях городского Зеленоградского административного округа

This article presents data on environmental monitoring of two water bodies located in the city of Zelenograd for 2023. Urban water bodies of Zelenograd receive little attention, and the assessment of their quality and, as a consequence, the adoption of timely decisions to ensure their sustainable condition are difficult due to the lack of necessary information. Lack of information about water bodies makes research on their condition extremely important and relevant. As a result of the research, comparative data on organoleptic and hydrochemical indicators of water quality of two large water bodies subject to different recreational load were obtained. Keywords: ASSESSMENT OF WATER BODIES, WATER BODIES OF ZELENOGRAD, ECOLOGICAL CONDITION OF WATER BODIES, ANTHROPOGENIC LOAD ON AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS, ECOLOGICAL MONITORING OF WATER BODIES

Оценка воздействия стока некоторых рек Сочинского Причерноморья на прибрежную морскую среду в зонах их плюмов

The paper assesses the impact of water quality of some rivers located within the Black Sea coastal zone in the Sochi area on the ecological security and status of the Black Sea coastal line. The relevance of the study is determined by the lack of a unified methodological approach to establishing parameters for assessing the ecological condition of water bodies within the Black Sea coastal area. The study is the first to consider a unified river-sea system in the context of integrated monitoring of natural water quality. The research is based on biological methods (biotesting, bioindication) to evaluate the state of biological communities and processes in combination with the analysis of geological aspects. This allows a detailed study of the influence of various factors on the marine environment ecological safety. It was revealed that the marine environment has the highest levels of toxicity in the inflow zones of small rivers, which are subject to significant complex impacts from municipal solid waste landfills and industrial enterprises located in their catchment areas. In the marine plumes of rivers classified as medium, which are important for water management, recreation and fisheries in the region, seawater has a lower toxic effect as a result of significant dilution. Thus, small rivers inflows can cause similar negative impacts on the quality of the marine environment and the status of coastal biocenoses as runoff from larger watercourses. The study results can contribute to the development of new approaches for the assessment and monitoring of the environmental security of the coastal marine environment, based on the concept of the ecological system integrity in the context of interdependencies associated with the pollutants and nutrients transfer between qualitatively different environments and associated with them river and cjastal marine hydrobiocenoses.

New challenges regarding the environmental and sanitary condition of Ukrainian water bodies

Today Ukraine is faced with new challenges that have a significant impact on natural water bodies and aquaculture. As a result of hostilities, there is an additional pressure on aquatic ecosystems. Unfortunately, large territories with important fishery complexes of Ukraine are either occupied, located in the war zone, or mined. Currently it is impossible to carry out comprehensive monitoring investigations into the actual environmental condition of inland water bodies of Ukraine. Therefore, in order to establish a true picture of the state of the water fund of Ukraine, an analytical review of publications was performed. Unfortunately, after the large-scale hostilities on the territory of Ukraine, a significant number of water bodies changed their status according to saprobic indicators. The situation is difficult with the reservoirs of the Dnipro River Cascade, which accumulate all pollutants released into the water from the catchment area. The destruction of the Kakhovka Hydroelectric Power Station led to a massive killing of all biota, including fish. The reservoirs are mostly polluted by biogenic, organic and surface-active substances, oil products, phenols, pesticides, and heavy metals. Even in the pre-war period, the problem of water pollution required immediate decisions, and with the beginning of the full-scale war, it became one of the most urgent tasks for Ukraine. Today, Ukraine’s water bodies suffer from pollution by pyrogens, fuel, and lubricants after rocket attacks and even from the total destruction of fish farms, water reservoirs, i.e., the Kakhovka Reservoir. Therefore, monitoring of the environmental condition of inland water bodies of Ukraine will provide an opportunity to assess their real condition and, in the future, to select the complex of methods aimed for their restoration.

Determination of Water Quality Index of Drinking Water in Aligarh District, UP, India

Water is perhaps the most precious natural resource after air. Though the surface of the earth is mostly consists of water, only a small part of it is usable, which makes this resource very limited. This precious and limited resource, therefore, must be used with prudence. As water is required for different purposes, the suitability of it must be checked before use. Nowadays fresh water cannot be used directly for drinking purposes due to contamination and pollution. So treatment is used before it is used for drinking or for industrial processes. Also, sources of water must be monitored regularly to determine whether they are in sound health or not. Poor condition of water bodies are not only the indictor of environmental degradation, it is also a threat to the ecosystem. In industries, improper quality of water may cause hazards and severe economic loss. Thus, the quality of water is very important in both environmental and economic aspects. Thus, water quality analysis is essential for using it in any purpose. The quality of water depends upon its source of history. The history of water signifies the terrain through which water is flowing, its origin and most important the extent to which it is contaminated on its way by impurities, sediments and industrial waste. The solubilisation and fragmentation of the terrain through which it flows determines its quality. The extent of dissolved solid materials present in water decides its quality. Such quality is also decided by the solubility of the geological deposits, contact of water with sediments, time of interaction and special factors related to environment. To ascertain suitability of water for consumption, it is necessary to undertake examination of quality of water. . Major information on the quality of water is obtained by physical examination. considered in the present paper for calculating the WQI such as pH, Total alkalinity, Calcium, Magnesium, Chloride, Sulphate, Nitrate and also calculated the seasonal variations of physio- chemical parameters of water quality of Aligarh District.

THE ZOOPLANKTON DIVERSITY AND COMPOSITION IN KORI DAM OF BILASPUR, CHHATTISGARH, INDIA

Zooplankton are used to assess the environmental condition of bodies of water. The amount of zooplankton present is an indication of how productive a water body is. Revealing the quantity and variety of zooplankton in a water body can confirm its overall health. This current research explores the makeup and variety of zooplankton in the Kori dam located in Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh .The water samples were collected, once in a month, in the morning hours between 9:00AM and 11:00AM at four different sites (Site-I, Site-II, Site-III and Site-IV) of the dam. The surface water samples were filtered through a plankton net consisting of bolting silk cloth no. 20 to collect them. The planktons were then carefully placed on a slide, and the counting was conducted using a microscope. Throughout the study duration from July 2022 to June 2023, a total of 26 zooplankton species were discovered in various locations within Kori dam. The zooplankton species found in Kori dam comprised 15 rotifers, 2 protozoa, 5 cladocera, and 4 copepoda. Among the four zooplankton groups, rotifers were the most prevalent, constituting 57.19% of the total number of organisms, followed by protozoa at 19.04%, cladocera at 11.63%, and copepoda at 12.14% respectively.The overall The diversity indices indicate that there is a wide variety of zooplankton groups in this body of water, with the exception of protozoa, which had the lowest diversity indices values and the lowest abundance. To preserve the floral and faunal diversity in the future, it is necessary to implement a conservative strategy for this water body.

Forecast of chlorophyll-a concentration as an indicator of phytoplankton biomass in El Val reservoir by utilizing various machine learning techniques: A case study in Ebro river basin, Spain

The trophic condition of bodies of water, such as oceans, lakes, and reservoirs, can be accurately assessed thanks to the use of chlorophyll-a, or Chl-a, as an indicator of phytoplankton biomass and abundance. In fact, the main molecule in charge of photosynthesis is Chl-a. This work presents a powerful and reliable nonparametric method for predicting the concentration of Chl-a in El Val reservoir using a dataset containing 240,765 samples: the Support Vector Regression (SVR) with different kinds of kernels. This mathematical SVR-relied model was constructed using five years (2018–2022) of water quality variable monitoring (physico-chemical independent variables) in the El Val reservoir (located in the northeast of Spain). For comparison, M5 model trees, a the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), that is a particular type of artificial neural network (ANN), and multivariate linear regression (MLR) were also used for the same observed data. The Grid Search (GS) algorithm was employed as an optimizer; this approach greatly improves the regression precision by allowing the optimal kernel parameters to be chosen during the SVR training phase. There are two ways to sum up the findings of this investigation. First, it is determined how relevant each input variable is to the Chl-a concentration in the El Val reservoir. Second, this hybrid GS/SVR-relied model with PUK kernel can accurately predict the Chl-a (R2 and r values were 0.8989 and 0.9499, respectively). The model’s agreement with the observed data amply proves the remarkable efficacy of this creative strategy.

Monitoring Water Diversity and Water Quality with Remote Sensing and Traits

Changes and disturbances to water diversity and quality are complex and multi-scale in space and time. Although in situ methods provide detailed point information on the condition of water bodies, they are of limited use for making area-based monitoring over time, as aquatic ecosystems are extremely dynamic. Remote sensing (RS) provides methods and data for the cost-effective, comprehensive, continuous and standardised monitoring of characteristics and changes in characteristics of water diversity and water quality from local and regional scales to the scale of entire continents. In order to apply and better understand RS techniques and their derived spectral indicators in monitoring water diversity and quality, this study defines five characteristics of water diversity and quality that can be monitored using RS. These are the diversity of water traits, the diversity of water genesis, the structural diversity of water, the taxonomic diversity of water and the functional diversity of water. It is essential to record the diversity of water traits to derive the other four characteristics of water diversity from RS. Furthermore, traits are the only and most important interface between in situ and RS monitoring approaches. The monitoring of these five characteristics of water diversity and water quality using RS technologies is presented in detail and discussed using numerous examples. Finally, current and future developments are presented to advance monitoring using RS and the trait approach in modelling, prediction and assessment as a basis for successful monitoring and management strategies.

HYDROLOGICAL AND HYDROCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF WATER STATUS OF THE SOUTHERN BUG RIVER WITHIN THE BOUNDARIES OF VINNICHCHINA

It is highlighted that in modern conditions, the surface waters of land are subject to significant anthropogenic influence, as a result of which their natural state is significantly changed and the possibility of using certain water bodies for economic and drinking needs is significantly limited. Since the drinking water supply of Ukraine is carried out mainly at the expense of surface water, objective information about the condition of water bodies, established on the basis of hygienic and ecological criteria, becomes extremely important and relevant. It was established that the influence of the economic and household activities of the village of Kolyukhiv, Vinnytsia region, on the pollution of the South Bug River within its borders is determined by the influx of nitrogenous substances, which lead to an increase in the concentration of ammonium nitrogen, nitrites and nitrates. The source of nitrogen input to the river water is surface runoff washing and the development of soil erosion processes from the adjacent shorelines, which are used for homestead farming and gardening. As a result of the research, it was found that in a sample of water taken from the South Bug River within the village of Kolyukhiv, Vinnytsia region, 1 km upstream in the forest plantation zone, the hydrogen pH is 7.8, the ammonium nitrogen content is 0.3 mg/l nitrite concentration – 2.7 mg/l, nitrate content – 39.6 mg/l, calcium content – 86.0 mg/l, chloride – 147.4 mg/l, and in the selected water sample 1 km downstream in the zone of intensive farming (homesteads), the hydrogen pH was 8.4, the content of ammonium nitrogen was 0.8 mg/l, the concentration of nitrites was 3.7 mg/l, the concentration of nitrates was 69.3 mg/l, the content calcium – 96.6 mg/l, chlorides – 164.2 mg/l. The main way to limit the flow of nitrogenous substances into the river is to observe sanitary protection zones along the river's perimeter. The sanitary and protective zone of the South Bug River should be 100 m, and in fact it is 10 m within the village. Therefore, the main measure is the expansion of the sanitary and protective zone to 100 m and its observance, which will allow reducing the content of ammonium nitrogen in the river water by 62% , nitrates – by 27%, nitrites – by 48%.

Automatic Classification of Submerged Macrophytes at Lake Constance Using Laser Bathymetry Point Clouds

Submerged aquatic vegetation, also referred to as submerged macrophytes, provides important habitats and serves as a significant ecological indicator for assessing the condition of water bodies and for gaining insights into the impacts of climate change. In this study, we introduce a novel approach for the classification of submerged vegetation captured with bathymetric LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) as a basis for monitoring their state and change, and we validated the results against established monitoring techniques. Employing full-waveform airborne laser scanning, which is routinely used for topographic mapping and forestry applications on dry land, we extended its application to the detection of underwater vegetation in Lake Constance. The primary focus of this research lies in the automatic classification of bathymetric 3D LiDAR point clouds using a decision-based approach, distinguishing the three vegetation classes, (i) Low Vegetation, (ii) High Vegetation, and (iii) Vegetation Canopy, based on their height and other properties like local point density. The results reveal detailed 3D representations of submerged vegetation, enabling the identification of vegetation structures and the inference of vegetation types with reference to pre-existing knowledge. While the results within the training areas demonstrate high precision and alignment with the comparison data, the findings in independent test areas exhibit certain deficiencies that are likely addressable through corrective measures in the future.

SCIENTIFIC BASIS OF MONITORING THE BOTTOM SEDIMENTS STATE AS AN INDICATOR OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL DANGER LEVEL OF HYDROECOSYSTEMS

The work proposes a method of monitoring the condition of surface water bodies that were subject to the influence of aviation industry enterprises, by studying the contamination of bottom sediments.Using the example of petroleum hydrocarbons - specific pollutants of aviation enterprises, the author proved that bottom sediments are an integral indicator of the level of manmade pollution, an indicator of the ecological safety level of hydroecosystems. The calculated coefficients of bottom accumulation indicate the progressive pollution of the reservoir and the accumulation of the main mass of pollutants in the bottom sediments. The results of studies of the small river, that flows along the airline, show that the bottom sediments belong to the category of “extremely polluted”. The structural and functional properties of bottom sediments enable us to state that, on the one hand, they contribute to the process of self-purification of the water environment by accumulating oil products, but on the other hand, bottom sediments represent a danger to the water column secondary pollution, since when physical and chemical conditions change, pollutants from the bottom sediments can pass into the water masses of the reservoir.

Wyczerpanie. O kondycji bohaterek narracji maladycznych

This article deals with chronic fatigue, one of the characteristic features of contem-porary illness narratives written by women authors. First, it focuses on Małgorzata Ba-ranowska’s To jest wasze życie. Być sobą w chorobie przewlekłej [ This Is Your Life: How to Cope with a Chronic Illness], a story of her own life impaired by SLE (systemic lupus erythe-matosus). The descriptions of her experiences (the disruption of her daily life caused by chronic pain and her attempts make sense of it) provides a frame for the reading of other narratives, Anne Boyer’s The Undying and two journalistic texts on endometriosis, one by Dr Katarzyna Szopa and the other by Dr Karolina Wigura. The article defines chronic fatigue as a social condition which combines a resistance to regenerative therapies with the stress of having to act in demanding situations of real life. The precarious condition of exhausted bodies hovering between a life fully lived and a debilitating morbidity is compared with Byung-Chul Han’s philosophy developed in The Burnout Society and The Palliative Society: Pain Today (originally published in German in 2010 and 2020 respec-tively).

Technical operation factors influence on bus body durability

Introduction. The purpose of the work is to study the causes of corrosion destruction of bus bodies of the enterprise. In the course of work, it was revealed that the main causes of intensive corrosion destruction of bus bodies are insufficiently high corrosion resistance of metals used in the manufacture of the body frame. The main places of occurrence of foci of corrosion of the body are: wheel arches; rear and lower parts of the bus, which are more susceptible to adverse road conditions; the upper and lower parts of the window openings in case of violation of the tightness of the seal. In the course of the study, initial data were obtained to determine the conditions and factors determining condensation on the cooled surfaces of bus bodies entering the indoor parking area; a set of organizational and technical measures aimed at reducing the intensity of corrosion wear of the company’s vehicle bodies was developed.Materials and methods. The results of observations of changes in the technical condition of bus bodies, parameters of their maintenance conditions were used, methods of a priori ranking of factors and classification were used. The results and recommendations on the technical operation of bus bodies are described.Results. As intermediate results of the conducted research, the data on the influence of the technical condition of bus bodies on the indicators of technical operation were obtained, which make it possible to justify the modes of maintenance and storage of motor vehicles. The data obtained make it possible to simulate the processes affecting the technical condition of bus bodies, which is the basis for the development of optimization measures.Discussion. It is noted that the approach implemented during the study enables to establish a set of factors affecting the technical condition of bus bodies, and to determine the consequences of premature achievement of the limit state by the elements of the load-bearing structure.Conclusion. As a generalizing conclusion, it is noted that the practical implementation of the developed methodology ensures the development and implementation of sound measures to increase their durability in the practical activities of road transport enterprises.

Biochemical and hematological characteristics of blood indicators, productivi-ty of piglets under the influence of additional feed “Activo”

The article discusses the issue of the condition of the piglets' bodies before and after weaning after feeding the additional feed “Activo.” The object of the study was piglets born from sows of the large white breed of ADN genetics. Piglets were divided into control (n = 111) and experimental (n = 110). From the 5th to the 43rd day of life, the piglets were given pre-starter compound feed in loose form. In the research group's pre-starter compound feed, “Activo,” was introduced in the amount of 0.2 kg/t of finished compound feed. Blood was collected from the cranial vena cava of the piglets of the control and experimental groups for biochemical and hematological parameters on the 28th and 43rd days of the piglets' life. Productivity control was carried out by weighing animals on the day of birth, at weaning, and on the 43rd day of life. Feed consumption was monitored, and average daily gains and feed conversion were determined. According to the results of the research on piglets before weaning, we can see an increase in the total protein level in the experimental group's blood by 2.85 % compared to the control group. The albumin concentration in the control group's piglets was 47.33 %, and the experimental group was 48.00 %, which is 1.42 % more than the control group. There was also an increase in α-, β-, and γ-globulins in the experimental group. After piglets were weaned, a probable increase in total protein and albumin was noted in the experimental group by 3.96 % and 1.85 %, respectively, in the control group. At the beginning of the experiment, the piglets of the control and experimental groups had a slight difference in live weight, which was 3.35 % in favor of the control group. Already on the 28th day of life, the piglets of the research group had a live weight statistically higher by 6.58 % (P < 0.001) concerning the control. Thus, for 14 days of the experiment after weaning, the increase in live weight of piglets of the experimental group probably increased by 11.9 % (Р < 0.01), and the difference in the weight of piglets between the control and experimental groups was 0.88 kg, or 8.15 % (P < 0.001). The average daily growth rate of piglets in the experimental group also increased by 11.8 % (Р < 0.01). The difference in feed conversion between the control and experimental groups is 0.19 kg or 10.8 %.

Pesticide water variability and prioritization: The first steps towards improving water management strategies in irrigation hydro-agriculture areas

The presence of pesticides in aquatic ecosystems poses significant risks to non-target organisms, necessitating monitoring and environmental risk assessment. This study aimed to evaluate the dynamics and environmental risk of pesticides in a hydro-agricultural area with intensive agricultural practices, in the Mediterranean region (South of Portugal). Seasonality and location influenced pesticide numbers and concentrations, with the highest levels observed during the dry season. Triazines, phenylureas, and organophosphates were the predominant pesticide classes, with terbuthylazine, bentazone, terbutryn, diazinon, and metolachlor exhibiting the highest detection frequencies (68 % to 72 %). Notably, 44 % of the quantified pesticides are no longer authorized in Portugal, with 33 % posing a high environmental risk. Some insecticides, including imidacloprid, methiocarb, and malathion, were occasionally detected at concentrations that posed high risks to the aquatic ecosystem (RQ ≥ 1). Irgarol, an algicide used in irrigation canals, presented a high risk in 91 % of the analysed samples.The study's distribution profile of pesticides revealed a significant transportation of these compounds from reservoirs to irrigation hydrants, establishing them as a secondary source of crop and environmental contamination. Additionally, the assessment of spatial distribution and environmental risk allowed for the identification of specific pollutants in different locations, prioritizing them based on their ecotoxicological risk to aquatic ecosystems. These findings reinforce the importance of implementing management measures at the level of hydro-agricultural areas, helping to stop the cycle of pesticide contamination. Only this type of strategy will make it possible to protect water quality, biodiversity and the health of citizens, contributing to the European Union's objectives of improving the condition of freshwater bodies and promoting the sustainable use of pesticides.

Legal regulation of the protection of water bodies in the implementation of fishing activities in Ukraine

The article is devoted to the study of the legal regulation of the protection of water bodies in the implementation of fishing activities in Ukraine. It is emphasized that the protection of water bodies must be considered as an integral factor in the legal provision of maintaining the level of ecological safety, the rational use of natural resources, including living aquatic bioresources, the proper functioning of the fisheries industry, ensuring the food security of the state, etc. The author states that in order to ensure the proper legal regulation of the protection of water bodies when carrying out fishing activities, it is necessary to take into account the connection of such objects with the land plots on which they are located. It is claimed that the order of legal regulation of the protection of water bodies follows from the characteristics of such objects, their connection with other resources and the order of their use. In this regard, the norms for the protection of water bodies are reflected in the water and land legislation, as well as in the legislation on fisheries and aquaculture. The analysis of the specified branches of legislation regarding the procedure for regulating the protection of water bodies during the implementation of fishery activities was carried out.
 The author concluded that ensuring the protection of water bodies should consist in the adoption and further implementation of legal norms aimed at implementing measures to protect them from pollution, clogging and depletion, and improving the condition of water bodies. It is claimed that the main purpose of protecting water bodies in the implementation of fishing activities is to preserve fish stocks and ensure their sustainable and rational use in the future.

Distribution Analysis of Green Mussels (Perna viridis) in Banyuurip Village, Ujung Pangkah District, Gresik Regency

The aim of the research was to determine the Distribution analysis of Perna viridis diversity based on the suitability map for green mussel cultivation, analysis of community perceptions and the condition of water bodies. Perna viridis aquaculture is suitable for the waters of Banyuurip village based on the variables of sea depth, sea surface temperature, chlorophyll a concentration, and substrate radiance data. Heavy metal content of Pb is located and distributed in polluted areas. It was found that the potential for green mussel aquaculture is greater in warm water habitats, i.e. closer to the coast. In addition, the northeast was identified as a suitable habitat for green mussels. The mid-ocean area in the north-west is of low suitability due to the lack of substrate and chlorophyll. Analysis of community attitudes and behaviour showed that people remain enthusiastic about green mussel farming, although green mussel shell waste remains an environmental problem. Heavy metal analysis of green mussel samples showed that green mussels are still safe for consumption. Therefore, the main conclusion is that the habitat of Perna viridis in the waters of Banyuurip Village still has potential for cultivation, but the waters must be free from pollution.

WATER QUALITY INDEX PREDICTION

Water is perhaps the most precious natural resource after air. Though the surface of the earth mostly consists of water, only a small part of it is usable, which makes this resource limited. This Precious and limited resource, therefore, must be used with care. As water is required for different purposes, the suitability of it must be checked before use. Also, sources of water must be monitored regularly to determine whether they are in sound health or not. Poor condition of water bodies are not only the indicator of environmental degradation, it is also a threat to the ecosystem. In industries improper quality of water may cause hazards and severe economic loss. Thus, the quality of water is very important in both environmental and economic aspects. Thus, water quality analysis is essential for using it for any purpose. After years of research, water quality analysis now consists of some standard protocols. There are guidelines for sampling, preservation and analysis of the samples. Here the standard chain of action is discussed briefly so that it may be useful to the analysts and researchers.

Analysis of procedures for assessing the technical condition of passenger car bodies after post-accident repairs

The rapid development of the automotive industry is associated with a large number of motor vehicles on public roads. As the number of active road users increases, the probability of a road accident increases. As a result of a collision, cars have minor or major damage, often related to damage to the vehicle's body structure. The paper discusses issues related to the assessment of the quality of post-accident repairs and their impact on the technical condition of the post-accident vehicle in further operation.

The impact of anthropogenic factors on aquatic ecosystems: The case of Kazakhstan

This article analyzes the impact of anthropogenic factors on aquatic ecosystems. Anthropogenic factors refer to those resulting from human activities. The authors examine factors that negatively affect the environment and the resulting consequences. It is highlighted that mining operations have a particularly detrimental effect, as wastewater from industrial enterprises introduces large amounts of toxic heavy metal compounds into the aquatic environment. The negative impact on aquatic ecosystems is also linked to agricultural production and inefficient irrigation systems. Additionally, thermal pollution, which occurs when excess energy is released during electricity generation, has serious environmental consequences. Water used for cooling is subsequently discharged into reservoirs, further degrading water quality. The condition of water bodies is a pressing environmental issue that requires urgent attention. The authors propose a set of measures to protect and restore aquatic ecosystems.