Safety Concept Research Articles

VALIDATION OF THE ARABIC VERSION OF THE FOOD SAFETY AND HYGIENE QUESTIONNAIRE AMONG NUTRITION STUDENT

There is shortage of data on food safety knowledge and practices among Lebanese food handlers due to the lack of a reliable tool. The aim of the current study is to determine the reliability as well as the validity of an adopted Arabic version of the Osaili et al (2013) food safety questionnaire. Translation and back translation and testing equivalence were done using standard accepted procedures. A total of 110 undergraduate Nutrition and Dietetics students completed the questionnaire consisting of five subscales that covers major food safety concepts including personal hygiene, safe storage, cross contamination prevention, knowledge of health problems affecting food safety and symptoms of foodborne diseases. Construct validity was tested using knowledgeable group analysis; internal consistency was determined using Cronbach’s α and item-to-total correlation. Temporal stability was evaluated by test–retest reliability in a subgroup of 67 students. The results showed non-significant difference between scores of English and Arabic versions revealing equivalence. For the psychometric analysis, the significant statistical difference for most of food safety knowledge scores between lower and higher years of study indicates satisfactory construct validity. The test-retest reliability of the Arabic questionnaire showed a good temporal stability (ICC>0.8), while the Cronbach’s α for the total scales ranged between 0.611 and 0.736 revealing an acceptable and satisfactory level of internal consistency for the items retained in the questionnaire. The translated Arabic version of the food safety questionnaire can be considered as a consistent and reliable tool, to be used as food safety knowledge assessment among food handlers.

Food Safety in Foreign Trade of Agricultural and Food Products: Evaluation of Risk Analysis Stages and Process

Foods have become open to physical, chemical, and biological degradation due to their structural properties. The concept of food safety includes measures that can be taken against these types of may occur hazards and risks. Risk analysis is a planned approach created to identify risks to food safety and to reduce likely occur risks in terms of human health. The processes take a long time of storage, transportation, and distribution of products in international agriculture and food trade make them more vulnerable to physical, chemical, and biological risks. Food control systems applied in foreign trade of agricultural and food products are carried out based on risk analysis. In this study, the place and importance of risk analysis in foreign trade of agricultural and food products have been mentioned, and it has been tried to reveal the worldwide legislation regulations, practices, and development related to risk analysis.

Meeting Together in a Good Way: A Discussion on the Educational Mapping Activity of Indigenous Content in a Nurse Practitioner Program

A Primary Health Care Nurse Practitioner program carried out a unique curriculum mapping activity related to Indigenous content which resulted in the creation of a report entitled Maawanji'idiwag: Meeting Together in a Good Way. The activity was carried out by a working group which consisted of Indigenous knowledge keepers, Elders, faculty, and a student. The curriculum mapping activity prioritized the health-related Calls to Action from the Final Report of the Truth and Reconciliation of Canada (TRC), the Calls to Justice from Reclaiming Power and Place: The Final Report of the National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls and the articles from the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) as ‘Action Calls’ within a Nurse Practitioner Program. The mapping process was also guided by Bartlett’s decolonizing research framework The associated literature with the intersecting concepts of decolonization, Indigenization, reconciliation, cultural safety, and humility were linked to these national reports and the curriculum mapping activity and subsequent report. The goal of this paper is to share the many insights and learning from the curriculum mapping report to promote further deep dialogues, involvement and meaningful change within nursing education and health care.

The Impact of Youth Digital Citizenship Education: Insights from a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial Outcome Evaluation of the Be Internet Awesome (BIA) Curriculum

AbstractSchool psychologists and other school professionals are increasingly turning to digital citizenship programs to improve children’s online safety. However, to date, there has been no rigorous outcome evaluation of these programs. The current study used a cluster randomized control trial methodology (CRCT) to evaluate the impact of the Be Internet Awesome digital citizenship program on knowledge, attitudinal, and behavioral outcomes for 1072 4th–6th graders at 14 participating schools (7 treatment and 7 control schools). Multilevel logistic, multinomial, and Gaussian models were used to test outcomes. The study found support for program impact on children’s knowledge of new online safety concepts and self-efficacy for handling online problems relative to students in control conditions. However, no program impact was found for other outcomes including online privacy or civility, cyberbullying, and talking with parents about online problems. Findings highlight the need for clarity on digital citizenship program goals, innovative approaches, and increased evaluation research.

Breaking through the fear: exploring the mathematical resilience toolkit with anxious FE students

ABSTRACT Approximately one in three people worldwide suffers from mathematics anxiety, with scholarly literature demonstrating that it has significant consequences for both individuals and wider society. While underlying related concepts, such as self-efficacy and emotional regulation, have been studied, there has been less research into accessible, practical approaches that teachers, support staff, carers and learners can use to overcome emotional barriers to learning mathematics. However, one exception is the Mathematical Resilience Toolkit by Johnston-Wilder et al. This paper reviews the research underpinning the Mathematical Resilience Toolkit, introduces the concept of psychological safety, and presents and evaluates the results of a small-scale study. The Toolkit was used with eight mature GCSE mathematics learners in a further education college. In this exploratory study, data were collected from interviews and analysed using thematic analysis. The key themes that emerged highlight the importance of addressing emotional aspects of learning mathematics in the classroom for those returning to mathematics from adverse prior experiences. All participants rated the Mathematical Resilience Toolkit as ‘extremely useful’ and would advise using it as a practical strategy for any adult with anxiety in mathematics learning. This approach warrants further research to establish its efficacy in different contexts.

Ekonomicheskaya bezopasnost' truda na predpriyatii: istoricheskij aspekt

The study of various approaches to determining the essence of the security of business entities allows us to make the following generalizations: most often it is considered as the state of the enterprise; the result of effective management activities; a condition for stable development. We will consider three definitions of the concept of socio-ecological and economic labor safety on the example of the enterprise.

Instructions for Uncertain Futures

This article explores concepts of safety, care, and conservation in the work of American artist Felix Gonzalez-Torres (b. 1957 in Cuba, d. 1996 in USA). Though conservation may be characterized as an invariable commitment to the art object’s physical integrity in perpetuity, Gonzalez-Torres’s work insists on alternative practices that accommodate material, social, and infrastructural transformation. This reading attends to the Certificates of Authenticity and Ownership that accompany the artist’s work, which are read as theoretical engagement with and extension of his practice. Developed by the artist and his gallerist Andrea Rosen in the 1990s, these instructions outline the terms of the initial installation, ongoing maintenance, and future stagings of his highly dynamic work. This essay traces the implications of the instructions across three expanding time frames to demonstrate how they allow for work that exists in both radical excess and negation of the norm; in expanded material, social, and ecological coalitions; and that anticipates infrastructural change in the face of unknowable futures. In contradistinction to conservation’s normative horizon and the safety of the ever-same, the artist outlines an inchoate care ethic, one this article calls safekeeping and that continues decades after the artist’s death to enable ways of being with change amid uncertain prospects before the futural.

Dams safety: an analysis of safety management and the difficulties of its supervision

Despite the notable benefits that dams bring to society, they involve immediate and potential risks and impacts, which makes dam safety extremely important. This narrative review paper compares dam safety concepts, including that established in the Brazilian National Dam Safety Policy – PNSB, as well as analyzes the supervision difficulties reported by Brazilian federal and state agencies. Several national and international institutions define dam safety, but considering those presented in this paper, convergency was found out regarding the concept of maintaining structural integrity and operational safety in order to preserve life, health, property and environment. Dams in Brazil are inspected by several public bodies, depending on their priority use and the domain of the body of water in which they are located, each with prerogatives to regulate the matter. In view of the significant increase in the amount of accidents and incidents in 2019 and 2020, it is clear that there is a vulnerability to be corrected in the safety management of Brazilian dams due to their dependence on the treatment of deficient or non-existent technical information and on a lack of specialized staff in dam safety for inspection activities.

Euro-integration legislation of Ukraine on the materials and articles, intended to come into con-tact with food in the context of food safety and food security

In recent years, Ukraine has been working hard to bring its food legislation in correspondence with the relevant EU law. The most recent development in this area of legislation has been the adoption of the law governing the production, distribution and use of materials and articles, intended for contact with foodstuffs.
 The article deals with the novel requirements of this law regarding materials and articles intended for contact with foodstuffs from the perspective of ensuring the food safety as well as ensuring food security. At the same time, an attempt is made to establish the correlation between the concepts of food safety and food security.
 First of all, the general requirements of the law aimed at preventing the migration of chemicals from contact materials and articles into food are analyzed. In addition, the article addresses the mechanism of establishing special requirements, in particular purity standards, general and specific migration limits for chemicals, etc. with regards to certain groups of contact materials and articles, such as active and intelligent materials and articles, adhesives, plastic, printing inks, regenerated cellulose, varnishes and coatings, etc.
 The authorization mechanism for substances and plastic recycling processes used in the production of materials and articles intended for contact with foodstuffs is analyzed. The requirements of the law regarding the declaration of compliance with the established requirements for materials and articles intended for contact with foodstuffs are also examined.
 In conclusion, it is noted that the adoption of the European integration legislation on contact materials and articles is primarily aimed at ensuring food safety, although it also indirectly contributes to food security. At the same time, the application of certain methods of state regulation set out in the new legislation requires striking a delicate balance between achieving the goals of food safety and food security.

Food safety and food security through predictive microbiology tools: a short review

This article discusses the issues of food safety and food security as a matter of global health. Foodborne illness and deaths caused by pathogens in food continue to be a worldwide problem, with a reported 600 million cases per year, leading to around 420,000 deaths in 2010. Predictive microbiology can play a crucial role in ensuring safe food through mathematical modelling to estimate microbial growth and behaviour. Food security is described as the social and economical means of accessing safe and nutritious food that meets people's dietary preferences and requirements for an active and healthy life. The article also examines various factors that influence food security, including economic, environmental, technological, and geopolitical challenges globally. The concept of food safety is described as a science-based process or action that prevents food from containing substances that could harm human health. Food safety receives limited attention from policymakers and consumers in low- and middle-income countries, where food safety issues are most prevalent. The article also highlights the importance of detecting contaminants and pathogens in food to prevent foodborne illnesses and reduce food waste. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), an institution belonging to World Health Organization (WHO) presented calls to action to solve some of the emerging problems in food safety, as it should be a concern of all people to be involved in the pursue of safer food. The guarantee of safe food pertaining to microbiological contamination, as there are different types of active microorganisms in foods, could be obtained using predictive microbiology tools, which study and analyse different microorganisms' behaviour through mathematical models. Studies published by several authors show the application of primary, secondary, or tertiary models of predictive microbiology used for different food products.

Safety culture system construction in coal mine enterprises from the perspective of hazards: A case study on the Yimei Coal Group.

The construction of a safety culture in coal mine enterprises is an essential component of coal mine safety management. Current studies do not address the mechanism for forming and constructing systems for coal mine enterprise safety culture, and many studies are based on imperfect theoretical frameworks and unsystematic empirical research, their policy recommendations are not systematic or operable, and they offer no feasible safety culture construction system. This study is devoted to analysing the theoretical basis of safety culture construction in coal mine enterprises from the perspective of hazards and proposing the content, stages and targets of constructing a safety culture and develops pragmatic approaches for coal mining enterprises to improve safety culture. A theoretical basis for safety culture construction in coal mine enterprises is proposed from the perspective of hazards by considering accident-causing mechanisms based on hazards. Furthermore, this study applied the case analysis and application to conduct empirical research on the proposed theoretical basis for safety culture construction from the perspective of hazards. Four aspects are proposed to capture the content and objectives of safety culture construction from the perspective of hazards: safety concept, behaviour safety, material state safety, and safety institutions. Furthermore, this paper provides a case study of safety culture construction by the Yimei coal group from the perspective of hazards, identifies the hazards based on the above four aspects, and then identifies preventative measures and controls for the identified hazards. Constructing a safety culture in coal mine enterprises from the perspective of hazards is operable and practical, and thus this study provides essential theoretical and practical value for improving coal mine safety.

Bayesian networks based laboratory retrofitting towards inherent safety: A risk-based implementation framework

Over the years, a number of high-profile laboratory accidents involving severe injuries, fatalities, and economic losses have been reported, prompting a significant increase in efforts towards laboratory safety. However, the dominant safety measures rely excessively on add-on safeguards such as sprinklers and respirators and pay little attention to reducing the hazardous factors at their sources. This study introduced the inherent safety concept to minimize laboratory hazards and developed a dedicated implementation tool called Generic Laboratory Safety Metric (GLSM). The Traditional Laboratory Safety Checklist (TLSC) was first used to represent the safety indicators, and then the Precedence Chart (PC) and Bayesian Networks (BN) methods were used to reconcile the safety indicators to develop the GLSM. The developed GLSM was subsequently demonstrated through a case study of a university laboratory. The results revealed that the safety level increased from 2.44 to 3.52 after the risk-based inherently safer retrofitting, thus creating laboratory conditions with a relatively satisfactory safety level. This work presented a set of generic solutions to laboratory retrofitting towards inherent safety with a novel GLSM as the implementation tool. The proposed GLSM would contribute to risk quantification and identification of key risk factors for assigning targeted and fundamental safety measures to achieve inherently safer laboratories.

Investigation of Unsafe Acts Influence Law Based on System Dynamics Simulation: Thoughts on Behavior Mechanism and Safety Control.

In modern safety management, it is very important to study the influence of the whole safety system on unsafe acts in order to prevent accidents. However, theoretical research in this area is sparse. In order to obtain the influence law of various factors in the safety system on unsafe acts, this paper used system dynamics simulation to carry out theoretical research. First, based on a summary of the causes of the coal and gas outburst accidents, a dynamic simulation model for unsafe acts was established. Second, the system dynamics model is applied to investigate the influence of various safety system factors on unsafe acts. Third, the mechanism and the control measures of unsafe acts in the enterprise safety system are studied. This study's main result and conclusions are as follows: (1) In the new coalmines, the influence of the safety culture, safety management system, and safety ability on the safety acts were similar. The order of influence on the safety acts in production coalmines is as follows: safety management system > safety ability > safety culture. The difference is most evident in months ten to eighteen. The higher the safety level and safety construction standard of the company, the greater the difference. (2) In the construction of the safety culture, the order of influence was as follows: safety measure elements > safety responsibility elements = safety discipline elements > safety concept elements. It shows the difference in influence from the 6th month and attains its maximum value from the 12th month to the 14th month. (3) In the construction of the safety management system, the degree of influence in new coalmines was as follows: safety policy > safety management organization structure > safety management procedures. Among them, especially in the first 18 months, the impact of the safety policy was most apparent. However, in the production mine, the degree of influence was as follows: safety management organization structure > safety management procedures > safety policy, but the difference is very small. (4) The degree of influence on the construct of safety ability was as follows: safety knowledge > safety psychology = safety habits > safety awareness, but the difference on the impact was small.

Safety Assessment of Speed Governing Systems in Hydroelectric Power Plants: A Functional Safety Perspective

In line with the advancing technology, reliability has become one of the critical factors to be taken into consideration by the operators in the energy sector to minimize losses regarding cost and time. This issue is directly related to the reliability of the elements, namely the subsystems that make up the system. This study examines the control architecture of speed governing system within the turbine control system of hydroelectric power plants, which has to be regarded as a critical system and provides an indispensable source of guidance and knowledge to researchers and also implementation engineers as well. For this perspective, a reliability analysis has been performed for the speed governing system and the risks with the control system have been revealed. Taking IEC 61508 and IEC 61511 standards as reference within this scope, the safety concepts and the related parameters have been explained and the corresponding methods for risk analysis have been mentioned. As a result, a new safety-related control system configuration overcoming the unacceptable risks with the speed governing system has also been proposed. It has been proved that safety integrity level of the proposed safety-related control system is at the desired level that can make the related safety related functions verify the identified safety level.

Exploring consumers’ environmental ethical preferences in the context of unmanned aerial vehicle utilization for plant protection

The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has increased agricultural productivity, achieved food security, and eased the pressure associated with environmental degradation and population growth. However, consumer sentiment remains unclear. The results show that pressures regarding food safety, production safety, and ecological safety have different degrees of positive impact on perceived benefits but no significant impact on perceived barriers. They strongly influence both perceived benefits to the adoption of UAV plant protection agricultural products. Perceived benefits demonstrated a mediating role between the three safety pressures and the adoption of UAVs. Lay beliefs showed a positive moderating effect on perceived benefits and obstacles to the adoption of UAV-based plant protection products. Based on these findings, this paper concludes that consumers are developing new consumer ethics that integrate concepts of food safety, safe production, and regional environmental protection with their acceptance of new technology, which is directly dependent on the combined effect of environmental and consumer ethics. To promote sustainable development, policies must be further optimized on this original basis.

Presence of uranium(V) during uranium(VI) reduction by Desulfosporosinus hippei DSM 8344T

Microbial U(VI) reduction influences uranium mobility in contaminated subsurface environments and can affect the disposal of high-level radioactive waste by transforming the water-soluble U(VI) to less mobile U(IV). The reduction of U(VI) by the sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfosporosinus hippei DSM 8344T, a close phylogenetic relative to naturally occurring microorganism present in clay rock and bentonite, was investigated. D. hippei DSM 8344T showed a relatively fast removal of uranium from the supernatants in artificial Opalinus Clay pore water, but no removal in 30 mM bicarbonate solution. Combined speciation calculations and luminescence spectroscopic investigations showed the dependence of U(VI) reduction on the initial U(VI) species. Scanning transmission electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed uranium-containing aggregates on the cell surface and some membrane vesicles. By combining different spectroscopic techniques, including UV/Vis spectroscopy, as well as uranium M4-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure recorded in high-energy-resolution fluorescence-detection mode and extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis, the partial reduction of U(VI) could be verified, whereby the formed U(IV) product has an unknown structure. Furthermore, the U M4 HERFD-XANES showed the presence of U(V) during the process. These findings offer new insights into U(VI) reduction by sulfate-reducing bacteria and contribute to a comprehensive safety concept for a repository for high-level radioactive waste.

INVASIVE POTENTIAL AND REGULATION EXPERIENCE OF USING TRANSGENIC ORGANISMS IN AQUACULTURE BY WAY OF EXAMPLE OF ATLANTIC SALMON

The article considers a 30-year history of the creation, state regulation and production of AquAdvantage transgenic salmon genetically modified (GM) with the growth hormone gene. The arguments of opponents and proponents of the concept of ecological safety of the use of transgenic fish in aquaculture are critically analyzed. It has been generalized that the adaptability of transgenic fish is lower than that of its wild relatives. On this basis, it is assumed that in the event of an accidental ingestion of GM fish from aquaculture to natural populations, transgenes are under the negative influence of natural selection. Strict security measures for the maintenance of GM fish, however, should not be weakened, since there are still unexplained cases of the survival of fluorescent transgenic aquarium fish in freshwater ecosystems.

Hazard ontology and 4D benchmark model for facilitation of automated construction safety requirement analysis

AbstractOver the last two decades, numerous approaches have been developed for automating construction safety assessment, that is, prevention through design and planning (PtD/P), that overcome the limitations of a purely manual safety assessment process. Despite this, such automated approaches are yet to be widely adopted in practice. Barriers include a lack of standardization of construction safety concepts within regulatory frameworks and a lack of confidence in automated approaches on the part of practitioners. This work presents a freely available 4D BIM‐based benchmark model (3D Building Information Model and 68 schedules) and construction safety ontology covering the two most frequent and severe construction site accidents: falls from height and struck‐by falling object hazards. The benchmark model and ontology enable the construction safety community to test and compare the performance of alternative automated approaches. Moreover, they are utilized in our PtD/P tool SafeConAI, and empirical evaluation results show how the safety situation changes among different construction schedules of the same project.

Assessment of safety control measures for centralized Chlorine gas system

As a glove manufacturing plant, the chemical is one of the most highly used materials. Some chemicals impact human health, environmental aspects, and physical hazards such as highly flammable gas. Chlorine gas is one of them. Besides the accidental release of chlorine gas incidents, ill-health issues are another aspect that should be taken care of. This study aims to determine the current chlorine concentration at a centralized chlorine gas manifold system in a rubber glove manufacturing plant and evaluate the existing safety control measures. A concept of safety by design, inherently safety, and the fail-safe system was considered during the study. The results show that the chlorine concentration level during drum replacement by the crew is at an average of 1.154 ppm and the standard deviation at 0.3478. The highest concentration was at 1.8 ppm. The wet scrubber assessment was done using the Industrial Ventilation and visual assessments and measurements within the system, including capture velocity, face velocity, and duct velocity or transport velocity. Other assessed parameters are total pressure, static pressure, and velocity pressure. The assessment found that the duct performance for all parameters complies with a minimum requirement of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) guidelines.

Scaffolding safety in nursing simulation: A grounded theory.

Simulation-based learning is a teaching technique that allows learners to apply theoretical knowledge to enhance patient safety. Despite limited evidence about the relationship between simulation and patient safety outcomes, nursing programs continue using simulation to improve student competencies. To explore the processes driving the actions of nursing students while providing care for a rapidly deteriorating patient during a simulation-based experience. Following the constructivist grounded theory method, the study recruited 32 undergraduate nursing students to explore their experiences during simulation-based experiences. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews over 12months. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed using constant comparison and simultaneous data collection, coding, and analysis. Two theoretical categories emerged from the data to explain the processes driving the students' actions during simulation-based experiences: Nurturing and contextualizing safety. The themes revolved around a core category of "Scaffolding Safety" in simulation. Simulation facilitators can use the findings to build effective and targeted simulation scenarios. Scaffolding safety steers students' thinking and contextualizes patients' safety. It can be utilized as a lens to guide students and assist them with transferring skills from simulation to the clinical practice setting. Nurse educators should consider deliberately integrating the concepts of scaffolding safety into simulation-based experiences to connect theory and practice.