Computerized Analysis System Research Articles

Analysis of Cry in New Born Infants

2 Abstract: The acoustic analysis of infant cry is used to deduce information on the state of health of new-born babies as well as of children a few weeks old. Crying is the first tool of communication for an infant. These cries seem to be uniform, but there are a lot of differences between two cries. Infant cry characteristics reflect the development and possibly the integrity of the central nervous system. The preterm infants and infants with neurological conditions have different cry characteristics like fundamental frequency, when compared to healthy full term infant. There are differences between full term and preterm infant in their neuro-physiological maturity and its impact on their speech development. Cry characteristics of New born infant, changes with increase in age. Acoustics analysis of infant cry signals can thus give an aid to clinical diagnosis and prevention of distress since it is easy to perform, cheap and completely non-invasive. Hence, this paper aims at pre-processing to eliminate silenced region of cry signal and estimating the fundamental frequency (pitch) using time domain and frequency domain analysis. Such parameters are of interest in exploring brain function at early stages of child development, for the timely diagnosis of neonatal disease and malformation. Cry is not just an infant behavior, but rather it is a part of a behavioral system in the human species that assures survival of the helpless neonate by eliciting others to meet basic needs. The cry signal results from coordination among several brain regions that control respiration and vocal cord vibration from which the cry sounds are produced. There is a relationship between acoustic characteristics of the cry and diagnoses related to neurological damage, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, prematurity and substance exposure during pregnancy. Assessment of infant cry provides a window into the neurological and medical status of the infant. Assessment of infant cry is brief and noninvasive and requires recording equipment and a standardized stimulus to elicit a pain cry. It involves 30 seconds of crying from a single application of the stimulus. The recorded cry is submitted to an automated computer analysis system that digitizes the cry and either presents a digital spectrogram of the cry or calculates measures of cry characteristics. The most common interpretation of cry measures is based on deviations from typical cry characteristics. Infants with abnormal cries should be referred for a full neurological evaluation. Crying is a biological siren, alerting the care giving environment about the needs and wants of the infant and motivating the listener to respond. There are two key aspects of cry (1) the cry itself, which is innervated by the cranial nerves modulating the autonomic nervous system and signals emergency status, and (2) the salience of the cry to any potential caretakers in the environment, producing a visceral reaction that compels action.

P22 Cancer stem cell marker aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma – An immunohistochemistry study

Background Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 expression (ALDH1) has been shown to be a cancer stem cell marker. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of ALDH1 in different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and to correlate expression with pathological outcomes such as tumor stage, lymph node and distant metastases. Methods Tissue sections cut from 45 archival blocks of OSCC were stained using an ALDH1 monoclonal antibody and expression was quantified by area percent of immunostaining and staining optical density using an image analyzer computer system. ANOVA test and Tukey’s post hoc test were used to evaluate statistical significance of difference between different grades or stages. Unpaired Student’s t test was used to evaluate significance of difference between lesions with and without lymph node metastasis. Results ALDH1 expression varied based on tumor histological grade and clinical stage, with significantly greater mean area percent of immunoexpression recorded in poorly differentiated lesions ( P Conclusions ALDH1 is involved in development of oral SCC. Its expression increases in more aggressive lesions suggesting a role in promoting the invasive and metastatic potential. Quantification based on area percent of immunoexpression may yield more accurate findings compared to evaluation of optical density.

Acoustic heart. Interpretation of Phonocardiograms by computer

In the field of Cardiology have been identified several heart pathologies associated with problems in valves and narrowing in veins. Each case is associated with a specific sound emitted by the heart, detected in cardiac auscultation. On the Phonocardiogram, sound is visualized as a peak in the wave. In the Optics Laboratory of the Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana – Azcapotzalco, we have developed a simulation of the Phonocardiograms of heart sounds associated with the main pathologies and a computer program of recognition of images that allows you to quickly identify the respective diseases. This is a novel way to analyze Phonocardiograms and the foundation for building a portable non-invasive cardiac diagnostic computerized analyzer system.

Modal Analysis of Woven Fiber Composite Plates with Different Boundary Conditions

Most of the work done for the vibration of composite plates published in the literature is either analytical or numerical studies with few experimental results available on composites with unidirectional fibers. The present study involves extensive experimental works to investigate the free vibration of industry driven woven fiber glass/epoxy composite plates with different boundary conditions including free–free cases. The modern modal testing and subsequent analysis with powerful computer and digital analysis system is an important tool for prediction of behavior of structures. The specimens of woven glass fiber and epoxy matrix composite plates are manufactured by the hand-layup technique. Elastic parameters of the plate are also determined experimentally by tensile testing of specimens using INSTRON 1195. An experimental investigation is carried out using modal analysis technique with Fast Fourier Transform Analyzer, PULSE lab shop, impact hammer and contact accelerometer to obtain the frequency response functions. The computational results are compared with results of previous studies in literature wherever available. The experimental results are also compared with the FEM numerical analysis based on first-order shear deformation theory. The effects of different geometrical parameters including number of layers, aspect ratio, fiber orientation and different boundary conditions of woven fiber composite plates are studied in detail. It is observed that comparisons performed between numerical predictions and experimental tests have a good correlation. The natural frequency is very less for cantilever than simply supported and fully clamped boundary conditions. The prediction of dynamic behavior of laminated composite plates plays a significant role in the future applications of structural composites.

Computational System Analysis of Ca2+ Signaling in the Pancreatic Beta-Cells

The Ca2+ ion serves as a ubiquitous second messenger in pancreatic beta-cells. Beta-cells are equipped with sophisticated machinery to precisely regulate Ca2+ signal in a localization-specific manner to regulate insulin secretion. Based on our mathematical models of beta-cell electrophysiology, Ca2+ oscillations, cAMP signaling, metabolism and mitochondrial functions we present an updated complex computational model for beta-cells to clarify the mechanisms underlying intracellular Ca2+ responses to varying stimuli. The system employs a Hodgkin-Huxley-type ionic model for plasma membrane action potentials with equations for key currents and pumps including Na+/Ca2+ exchangers, TRP and store-operating Ca2+ channels. The model incorporates modern data for Ca2+ extrusion/uptake systems in the endoplasmic reticulum. The role of mitochondria in regulation of Ca2+ signaling is also evaluated. The values of most of the model parameters were inferred from available experimental data. This model simulates and explains the Ca2+ dynamics under a wide range of experimental conditions, including changes in islet electrical activity due to ion channel blockade and action of several specific G-protein receptor agonists. Our analysis of the dynamic data provides evidence for a pivotal role of store-operated Ca2+ channels in maintenance of physiological cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration even at low glucose levels while voltage-dependent calcium channels are blocked. The role of endoplasmic reticulum, TRP and store-operated Ca2+ channels in cytoplasmic Ca2+ oscillations was also investigated. This computational systems approach provides a framework to analyze the regulatory mechanisms related to release of calcium stores in beta-cell insulin secretion.

Application of GIS Technology in Economical Management Information System in Guizhou Province

Guizhou province is the only mountain agricultural province without plain supporting in China. The province stable food production areas are mainly distributed in the mountains with a small number of relatively flat, concentrated areas. Geographic information system (GIS) is used for input, storage, query, analysis and display of geographic data computer system. It is a new technology in the 1960s, which has very powerful spatial analysis ability and has been widely used in the field of urban planning and economic development.

Randomized split-face controlled study to evaluate 1550-nm fractionated erbium glass laser for treatment of acne vulgaris--an image analysis evaluation.

Novel and promising results in acne treatment with infrared lasers have been reported. The 1,550-nm erbium glass laser is one of the infrared lasers that may be useful in the treatment of acne. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an erbium glass laser in treatment of active acne and to study the effect of this type of laser on sebaceous glands. Twenty-four patients with active acne lesions were treated using 1,550-nm (30-40 mJ) fractional erbium glass laser. Every patient received 4 sessions with a 2-week interval. Follow-up was done every 3 months for 1 year. The image analyzer computer system was used to measure the sebaceous gland size. A significant reduction (p < .0001) in the mean count of lesions was observed after treatment and in the follow-up period. A significant reduction in the size of sebaceous glands was also evident after laser treatment. Treatment of active acne with the 1,550-nm erbium glass laser is effective. Papules, pustules, and nodules all respond well to therapy. The sebaceous gland size decreased significantly, which accounts for the long remission period.

Failure Analysis of Piping Systems With Thinned Elbows on Tri-Axial Shake Table Tests

This paper presents a computational failure analysis of piping systems with and without thinned elbows on tri-axial shake table tests. In a previous experimental study, two piping models, a sound piping system and a degraded piping system with thinned elbows, were assessed. The sound piping system was found to fail at the elbow flank due to in-plane cyclic bending, whereas the degraded system failed at the end of the elbow due to excessive pipe ovalization. In the present study, finite element (FE) models of elbows were developed in order to carry out fracture analysis. The measured displacements of seismic motions were used as the boundary conditions for FE models. In the sound piping system, plastic strain concentrated at the flank of the elbow due to in-plane bending. The cumulative damage factor was calculated from the fatigue curve and Miner's rule. The effect of ratcheting was also considered. In the failed elbow, the calculated cumulative damage factor showed good agreement with experimental results. On the other hand, for the fracture analysis of the thinned elbow, the entire seismic loading history on the tri-axial shake table was considered, since the effect of pipe ovalization depends on loading history. The ovalization occurred at the elbow due to cumulative seismic loading. Consequently, the principal plastic strain began to concentrate at the end of the elbow. These FE results offer quantitative explanation for the observed failure modes in the degraded piping system.

MOŽNOSTI VYUŽITÍ HYPERELASTICKÝCH MATERIÁLOVÝCH MODELŮ V NUMERICKÉ ANALÝZE LISOVÁNÍ DŘEVOTŘÍSKOVÉHO KOBERCE

The main goal of the work was to evaluate a possibility of using various hyperelastic material mo­dels implemented into ANSYS computational system for the numerical analysis of wood-strand mat pressing or wood-based composites. Subsequently, the most suitable hyperelastic model was used as a material model in compression simulation. Pressing itself was modelled as a contact transient ana­ly­sis with wood-strand mat being defined as a homogenous and isotropic continuum with the chosen material model. In the analysis only displacement degrees of freedom are considered. Output of the simulation is a contact pressure, which is necessary to apply to compress the mat on the required height. The analysis serves as a take-off platform for further research in wood-based com­po­si­tes pressing process.

Commuting Matrices in the Queue Length and Sojourn Time Analysis of MAP/MAP/1 Queues

Queues with Markovian arrival and service processes, i.e., MAP/MAP/1 queues, have been useful in the analysis of computer and communication systems and different representations for their stationary sojourn time and queue length distribution have been derived. More specifically, the class of MAP/MAP/1 queues lies at the intersection of the class of QBD queues and the class of semi-Markovian queues. While QBD queues have a matrix exponential representation for their queue length and sojourn time distribution of order N and N2, respectively, where N is the size of the background continuous time Markov chain, the reverse is true for a semi-Markovian queue. As the class of MAP/MAP/1 queues lies at the intersection, both the queue length and sojourn time distribution of a MAP/MAP/1 queue has an order N matrix exponential representation. The aim of this article is to understand why the order N2 distributions of the sojourn time of a QBD queue and the queue length of a semi-Markovian queue can be reduced to an order N distribution in the specific case of a MAP/MAP/1 queue. We show that the key observation exists in establishing the commutativity of some fundamental matrices involved in the analysis of the MAP/MAP/1 queue.

Computer systems for geometrical analysis of blood vessels diagnostic images

In this paper, we give a review of existing systems for computer analysis of geometrical characteristics of blood vessel diagnostic images. We present a "OphthalmOffice" system for analysis of diagnostic images of eye fundus vessels and a "CardiOffice" system for analysis of coronary vessels. We also present comparative characteristics of their computing efficiencies.

A Framework for Analysis of Computational Imaging Systems: Role of Signal Prior, Sensor Noise and Multiplexing.

Over the last decade, a number of computational imaging (CI) systems have been proposed for tasks such as motion deblurring, defocus deblurring and multispectral imaging. These techniques increase the amount of light reaching the sensor via multiplexing and then undo the deleterious effects of multiplexing by appropriate reconstruction algorithms. Given the widespread appeal and the considerable enthusiasm generated by these techniques, a detailed performance analysis of the benefits conferred by this approach is important. Unfortunately, a detailed analysis of CI has proven to be a challenging problem because performance depends equally on three components: (1) the optical multiplexing, (2) the noise characteristics of the sensor, and (3) the reconstruction algorithm which typically uses signal priors. A few recent papers [12], [30], [49] have performed analysis taking multiplexing and noise characteristics into account. However, analysis of CI systems under state-of-the-art reconstruction algorithms, most of which exploit signal prior models, has proven to be unwieldy. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis framework incorporating all three components. In order to perform this analysis, we model the signal priors using a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM). A GMM prior confers two unique characteristics. First, GMM satisfies the universal approximation property which says that any prior density function can be approximated to any fidelity using a GMM with appropriate number of mixtures. Second, a GMM prior lends itself to analytical tractability allowing us to derive simple expressions for the `minimum mean square error' (MMSE) which we use as a metric to characterize the performance of CI systems. We use our framework to analyze several previously proposed CI techniques (focal sweep, flutter shutter, parabolic exposure, etc.), giving conclusive answer to the question: `How much performance gain is due to use of a signal prior and how much is due to multiplexing? Our analysis also clearly shows that multiplexing provides significant performance gains above and beyond the gains obtained due to use of signal priors.

Plutonium Worlds. Fast Breeders, Systems Analysis and Computer Simulation in the Age of Hypotheticality

This article examines the media history of one of the hallmark civil nuclear energy programs in Western Germany – the development of Liquid Metal Fast Reactor (LMFBR) technology. Promoted as a kind of perpetuum mobile of the Atomic Age, the Manhattan Project not only imported big science thinking. In its context, nuclear technology was also put forth as an avantgarde of scientific inquiry, dealing with the most complex and 'critical' technological endeavors. In the face of the risks of nuclear technology, German physicist Wolf Hafele thus announced a novel epistemology of hypotheticality. In a context where traditional experimental engineering strategies became inappropiate, he called for the application of advanced media technologies: Computer Simulations (CS) and Systems Analysis (SA) generated computerized spaces for the production of knowledge. In the course of the German Fast program, such methods had a twofold impact. One the one hand, Hafele emphazised – as the father of the German Fast Breeder – the utilization of CS for the actual planning and construction of the novel reactor type. On the other, namely as the director of the department of Energy Systems at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Hafele advised SA-based projections of energy consumption. These computerized scenarios provided the rationale for the conception of Fast programs as viable and necessary 'alternative energy sources' in the first place. By focusing on the role of the involved CS techniques, the paper thus investigates the intertwined systems thinking of nuclear facilities’s planning and construction and the design of large-scale energy consumption and production scenarios in the 1970s and 1980s, as well as their conceptual afterlives in our contemporary era of computer simulation.

Session details: Special issue on the 32nd international symposium on computer performance, modeling, measurement, and evaluation (IFIP WG 7.3 performance 2014) - Regular papers

This special issue of Performance Evaluation Review (PER) contains part of the proceedings of Performance 2014, held in Torino, Italy on October 7-9, 2014. Performance is the agship conference of IFIP Working Group 7.3 on Computer System Modeling. The conference provides a leading international forum for high-quality research on the modeling, analysis, simulation, and evaluation of computer and communication systems. The program this year reects the sustained ability of the conference to attract high quality submissions, while at the same time evolving with the interests of the performance research community. A wide range of topics like quantitative aspects of computer architecture and communication systems, performance modeling, storage systems, wireless networks, energy management as well as optimization and game theory, data centers, cloud and cluster computing are covered by the program of the conference and shows the current development in performance modeling and analysis. There were 97 papers submitted for review. Authors had the option of submitting either a regular paper (of which 78 were submitted) or a short paper of 3 pages (of which 19 were submitted) summarizing recent results or work in progress. A total of 280 reviews were received during the reviewing period. Reviews were mainly written by the members of the Technical Program Committee and by a limited number of external referees. The TPC meeting took place at the Uni- versity of Antwerp, Belgium on June 2, 2014. As a result of this meeting, 21 full papers were selected for the conference program (representing an acceptance rate of 27%), together with 7 short papers (an acceptance rate of 37%). This special issue includes one of the regular papers and all seven short papers. A corresponding special issue of Performance Evaluation (PEVA) contains the remaining papers.

Mean privacy: A metric for security of computer systems

In this paper, we propose a new approach for quantitative security analysis of computer systems. We intend to derive a metric of how much private information about a computer system can be disclosed to attackers. In fact, we want to introduce a methodology in order to be able to quantify our intuitive interpretation of how attackers act and how much they are predictable. This metric can be considered as an appropriate indicator for quantifying the security level of computer systems. We call the metric “Mean Privacy” and suggest a method for its quantification. It is quantified by using an information-theoretic model. For this purpose, we utilize a variant of attack tree that is able to systematically represent all feasible malicious attacks that are performed to violate the security of a system. The attack tree, as the underlying attack model, will be parameterized with some probability mass functions. The quantitative model will be used to express our intuition of the complexity of the attacks quantitatively. The usefulness of the proposed model lies in the context of security analysis. In fact, the analysis approach can be employed in some ways: Among several options for a system, we can indicate the most secure one using the metric as a comparative indicator. The security analysis of systems that operate under a variety of anticipated attack plans and different interaction environments can be carried out. Finally, new security policies, countermeasures and strategies can be applied to increase the security level of the systems.

Special Issue on Multiscale Modeling and Simulation of Physical Phenomena of Material Systems

Complex material systems, especially at small scales, require the marriage of advancements of theoretical studies, exploitations of computational methods, and nontraditional experimental validations to unveil their underpinning mechanisms. The advent of superior synthesis techniques coupled with ever-increasing computational powers has enabled concerted effort toward design and development of materials with impressive functional characteristics. This special issue centers on the recent research advances in computational modeling, theoretical analysis, and experimental characterization of material systems at the nano/micro scale. This special issue contains five technical papers in the studies of nanomaterials, microcracks, and biostructure imaging.

DataView: a computational visualisation system for multidisciplinary design and analysis

Rapidly processing raw data and effectively extracting underlining information from huge volumes of multivariate data become essential to all decision-making processes in sectors like finance, government, medical care, climate analysis, industries, science, etc. Remarkably, visualisation is recognised as a fundamental technology that props up human comprehension, cognition and utilisation of burgeoning amounts of heterogeneous data. This paper presents a computational visualisation system, named DataView, which has been developed for graphically displaying and capturing outcomes of multiphysics problem-solvers widely used in engineering fields. The DataView is functionally composed of techniques for table/diagram representation, and graphical illustration of scalar, vector and tensor fields. The field visualisation techniques are implemented on the basis of a range of linear and non-linear meshes, which flexibly adapts to disparate data representation schemas adopted by a variety of disciplinary problem-solvers. The visualisation system has been successfully applied to a number of engineering problems, of which some illustrations are presented to demonstrate effectiveness of the visualisation techniques.

Prediction of new compounds in systems of monovalent and divalent metal halides

Yet-nonsynthesized compounds of the compositions ABHal3 and A2BHal4 in halide systems AHal-BHal2 were predicted, and so was the type of their crystal structure under normal conditions. The new compounds were predicted using only data on the properties of elements and simple halides. The calculations were performed using a special program system for computer analysis of information, which is based on precedent-based pattern recognition methods.

Application of Computer Design of Nearly Linear Numerical Analysis Model in Research Quality

In this paper we use MATLAB and VB to establish computer analysis system between the students' psychological quality and employment competition. Based on optimal solution constraint conditions and the clustering center boundary value of the student ideological quality maturity model, we establish the model of student ideological quality maturity. We introduce the numerical calculation into nearly linear equation of students' employment advantage, and obtain the advantage index of employment. This paper we use the MATLAB software to import the student ideological quality indexes, and get the students ideological quality maturity index by analysis and calculation. The maturity is displayed by GUI using VB visual. It provides a theoretical reference for the quality of the students’ ideological education.

Computer Aided Design of Architecture Engineering Based on Mathematical Model of AHP

In this paper we introduced AHP method in bidding management of construction engineering, and use the MATLAB software to establish the bidding computer analysis system. This paper expounds AHP of the construction bidding process, and design AHP of computer bidding management system according to it. In order to verify the applicability of the model in bidding management system, we use MATLAB software to design bidding data analysis and simulation experiment of the construction. Through the calculation we obtain MATLAB visual display window of bid data analysis. At 50 steps, the convergence residual is, which meets the design requirement of accuracy. It provides a theoretical reference for the bidding management of construction process.