AI-optimized pulsed electric field for low-carbon urban water disinfection.

How can integrated neighbourhood teams (INTs) tackle health and care inequalities? A policy evidence brief.

Automatic summary generation aims to condense knowledge and improve users' information retrieval and learning efficiency across various fields. In digital reading, the goal of attracting users' attention and guiding in-depth reading has led to a change in the function of summarization. The moralizing potential of literary fiction represents a unique feature that draws readers' attention and facilitates the retention of moral information. Yet, prior research has predominantly emphasized information summarization, thereby neglecting these underlying moral-cognitive mechanisms. This study introduces the concept of psychological moral motivation and constructs the MoralTextRank model, using 50 literary fiction works to generate summaries containing moral information. Evaluation indexes were designed, and tests were conducted with 120 participants to assess reading effects. The results show that summaries containing moral information significantly attract users' reading attention compared to both neutral and low-morality summaries, particularly among male users ( t l o w = − 3.03 , p = 0.0034 ; t h i g h = − 2.9 , p = 0.0049 ). Specifically, male participants showed 8.2 % and 15.2 % more engagement with high-morality summaries than with low- and no-morality ones, respectively. This paper argues that domain-specific needs significantly influence the purpose and design of summary generation. Integrating moral information into literary fiction summaries can effectively capture readers’ attention and enrich digital reading experiences. In turn, this practice can enhance the efficiency of attention allocation within the digital content environment. This research aims to optimize information technology design and processes by integrating socio-cultural factors, thereby enriching its socio-cultural connotations. • Moral information content enhances users' attention and supports content dissemination. • Summaries emphasizing moral narratives promote deeper literary-fiction engagement. • Embedding moral elements in summaries strengthens reading motivation and educational value. • Integrating moral feedback into information technology enriches socio-humanistic value of content.

A smart classroom is the combination of technology, physical space, and teaching methodology, providing students with collaborative and immersive learning through hands-on activities, conducted in the classroom or through technology. This article addresses smart classroom planning, investigating requirements gathering strategies, models for refinement, and quality and cost control. We propose a methodology to ensure that the details of all areas included in the planned environment contribute to learning. During requirements gathering, an agile workflow based on a game dynamic is executed, allowing for a simple and efficient identification of the specific requirements of a smart classroom. After this gathering, the BIM-based 3D model was created, which allowed for greater visibility of needs at each stage of the environment's construction. The methodology proposes a metaverse model, based on the previous 3D model, which adds a dynamic layer, allowing experts, anywhere, to navigate the model and evaluate the smart classroom design. The methodology contributes to clear communication between departments, enabling agile refinement and the application of quality and cost standards. This allowed the team to visualize a variety of items and their importance. The methodology improves communication and understanding of needs among teams, allowing for problem-solving before the production phase.•The combined use of two methodologies (one focused on Information technology and the other on engineering) that allow accelerating and optimizing the planning process of an intelligent environment.•Agile approach to requirements gathering, combined with the presentation of graphical models, allows benefit of a given item in previous stages, thus bringing more awareness to the team about quality and advantages, before the effective allocation of the cost related to the improvements.•Method of detailing components or services, to understand which supplier delivers the desired service at the best price, within the best time frame and following a desired quality standard.

Cyber–physical power systems resilience: Definition, threats, and assessment

In education, the digital competence gap between the digital natives who learn technology use from early years and those digital immigrants who learn technology at a later stage has had a profound effect on the way teaching and learning is conducted. This phenomenology research examined the experiences of novice and experienced Filipino and English teachers referred as digital immigrants in using information and communication technology (ICT) tools in the virtual learning environment. The participants of this qualitative descriptive study were purposefully selected participants from a local school district in Bohol and a state university in Candijay, which is situated in the central Visayas, Philippines. Results revealed that digital immigrant teachers faced challenges such as poor internet connectivity, resistance to change, and gaps in ICT skills. These issues were exacerbated by the region's limited access to ICT resources, internet, and adequate ICT training programs. Teachers, however, adopted strategies like proactivity, seeking social support, and fostering peer relationships to cope with these challenges. The study highlights the need for a more integrated approach to ICT integration that includes skill development, infrastructure improvement, and a shift in mindset. It suggests that professional development, mentorship, and collaborative teaching strategies are essential for empowering digital immigrant teachers. Moreover, improved digital infrastructure, especially internet access, will be crucial in enabling teachers to completely adopt ICT in their language instruction during an era of rapid digital shift.

To describe healthcare managers' self-assessment of management of digital competence sharing and associated background factors. Digital competence is essential for the effective use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in healthcare. As digital systems become increasingly embedded in clinical workflows, healthcare managers play a critical role in supporting the development and sharing of digital expertise among healthcare professionals to ensure the successful adoption and utilisation of ICT and new digital solutions. A descriptive cross-sectional study. The data were collected from healthcare managers (n=156) representing five public and one private healthcare organisation in Finland using the Self-assessed Management of Digital Competence Sharing (Sa-MDCS) instrument. The data was analysed using descriptive statistical methods. The study was reported in accordance with the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) checklist. Healthcare managers generally self-assessed the management of digital competence sharing as good. The highest-rated subscale was the creation of a friendly and safe digital organisational atmosphere, whereas the lowest-rated subscale was the provision of resources and opportunities for digital competence sharing. Significant associations were found between self-assessments and background factors, including age, management experience, digital competence training, organisational context, and management level. Although healthcare managers perceive themselves as proficient in promoting digital competence sharing, gaps remain in resource allocation and strategic utilisation of existing digital expertise. Strengthening managerial support is essential for enhancing organisational readiness and the effective integration of ICT into clinical practice. To support this, healthcare organisations should invest in targeted leadership training and ensure adequate resources. Fostering a culture of continuous digital learning and sharing can enhance the adoption of ICT and new digital solutions, streamline clinical workflows, and ultimately improve patient care outcomes.

Engineering a resilient smart grid: Practical defense mechanisms and deployable framework against evolving cyber-threats

Privacy concerns on short-form video platforms and creativity among communication students in China: A longitudinal mediation model involving TikTok use motives and IT identity.

Globally, quantitative information on healthcare coverage for chronic kidney disease (CKD) is scarce. Our objective was to estimate the supply/demand ratio for CKD-related procedures in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) between 2015 and 2024. The volume of tests, consultations and treatments related to CKD was retrieved from the website of the SUS Information Technology Department. The requirement parameters of these procedures were obtained from the Ministry of Health ordinances as well as from literature review. The percentage coverage of each procedure was defined by the ratio between the volume performed and the estimated need. Coverage of the following procedures increased between 2015 and 2024: serum creatinine dosage (70% to 122%), proteinuria testing (4% to 12%), kidney ultrasonography (76% to 107%), outpatient consultation with a nephrologist (48% to 164%), multidisciplinary care of pre-dialysis CKD (0% to 3%), and chronic dialysis (69% to 81%). Coverage of kidney biopsy remained nearly stable (19% to 21%). There was a reduction in coverage of arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis (HD) (66% to 59%) and of kidney transplantation (46% to 37%). The use of peritoneal dialysis (PD) among chronic dialysis methods (PD and HD) declined from 7% to 4%. Possible explanations for these results include excessive creatinine testing and nephrology consultations, neglect of CKD screening for proteinuria, lack of adherence to multidisciplinary pre-dialysis follow-up, underutilization of PD, and insufficient availability of kidney biopsy and kidney replacement therapy (lower coverage of kidney transplantation compared to chronic dialysis).

Urban mining and resource recovery: Electronic waste management of Information Technology companies and recyclers in Hyderabad, India

Genetic contributors to perinatal demise are common but frequently undiagnosed due to clinical and logistical barriers. We aimed to improve access to genetic for intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD), stillbirth, and early neonatal death by developing a multidisciplinary workflow. A working group representing clinical genetics, maternal-fetal medicine, neonatology, pathology, obstetrics, palliative care, laboratories, and health information technology identified barriers and designed solutions for genetic testing in perinatal demise. Tools developed included testing algorithms, specimen collection and handling guides, documentation templates, and electronic health record integration. Case reviews and stakeholder feedback informed iterative refinement. The workflow clarified team roles, timing, and coordination across specialties. Scenario-specific algorithms for stillbirth, neonatal demise, and pediatric genetics consultations guided testing decisions. A specimen-testing matrix linked sample types with available tests and laboratories. Implementation was supported by education and centralized resources. Representative cases demonstrated improved sample collection, diagnostic yield, and family counseling through early communication and defined responsibilities. A multidisciplinary workflow improved the feasibility and consistency of genetic evaluation in perinatal demise. This model may guide other institutions seeking to implement or enhance genetic testing processes for families affected by pregnancy loss or neonatal death.

Organizational Factors and Hospital Readmission Reduction in Older Adults: A Multi-Hospital Panel Analysis of Geriatric Nursing Education, Health Information Technology, and Interprofessional Care Models

The rapid development of information and communication technologies has significantly increased both the number and complexity of cybercrime cases. These crimes often involve sophisticated technical processes that exceed the professional competence of investigators, prosecutors, and judges who are primarily trained in legal sciences. As a result, the effectiveness of cybercrime investigations largely depends on the proper use of expert examinations based on specialized technical knowledge. This study aims to analyze the role and significance of cyber expertise in solving cybercrime cases, identify the shortcomings of existing computer-technical (digital forensic) expertise, and justify the need for a more comprehensive and specialized classification of expertise in the field of information and communication technologies. The research employs doctrinal legal analysis, comparative analysis, and a descriptive-analytical method. National legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan, law enforcement and judicial practice, and foreign experience in the application of cyber and digital forensic expertise were examined, alongside technical aspects of telecommunication networks, information systems, software, cryptography, and communication quality. The findings demonstrate that the prevailing reliance on computer-technical expertise is insufficient to address the multifaceted nature of cybercrimes, which frequently involve telecommunication infrastructure, encryption technologies, software applications, and communication quality issues beyond the traditional scope of digital forensics. The study substantiates the need to introduce specialized types of expertise, including telecommunication network and infrastructure expertise, information systems and computer data expertise, software and application expertise, cryptographic expertise, communication coverage and quality expertise, and cyber forensic auditing. Particular emphasis is placed on cyber forensic auditing as a mechanism for ensuring the admissibility and reliability of digital evidence. The study concludes that the current forensic framework should be expanded and systematized, and recommends developing specialized expert training and updating procedural legislation to enhance the effectiveness of cybercrime investigations.

To explore solutions and innovations implemented by medical schools in high-income countries to teach the general practice and primary care components within their medical programmes. This qualitative study involved semi-structured interviews with academic leaders of general practice curricula at their medical school about the nature of their medical programme, how general practice is taught each year, specific longitudinal integrated clerkships, benefits to teaching, challenges to delivering the programme and solutions. Data were coded, categorised and themes developed in an inductive process. Interviews involved 44 medical schools: 16 Australian; 15 English; 6 Irish; 4 Canadian; 3 Nordic. Range of curricula from traditional to integrated, problem-based to spiral with undergraduate or postgraduate entry or both. Five themes were developed: curriculum organisation; non-clinical patient engagement; authentic GP experiences; exposure to GP teacher role-models; simulation and information technology. How the general practice curriculum is organised within a medical programme is not uniform. Placements may occur at the beginning, end or throughout; may range from half-days to full-time year-long placements. GP-led curricula exposing students to GPs as teachers and role-models may counter negative stereotypes and increase interest in general practice careers. Growing use of simulation, remote consulting and the use of IT innovations provides alternatives to traditional parallel general practice consulting model for teaching and learning. The findings from this study will inform the development of our redesigned curriculum at the University of Auckland.

Prevention, detection, and response to pandemic-prone diseases involve collecting, analyzing, and applying data swiftly at scale. Achieving these goals requires adequate information technology and a skilled public health workforce capable of translating data into action. While public health informatics and data science programs are established in parts of the Western world, Eastern Europe and Central Asia (EECA) face significant gaps in educational pathways. This study mapped the educational and labor market structures in Georgia, Kazakhstan, and Moldova, identified barriers to training and retaining professionals in public health informatics and data science, and proposed sustainable models for integrating training into national systems. A mixed-methods approach included a review of 111 policy and regulatory documents, labor-market analysis, 147 semistructured interviews, seven focus groups, and two expert workshops (n = 72) that validated findings and prioritized policy options. Although all three countries demonstrate strategic commitment to digital transformation, investment in human capital remains insufficient. Educational programs are isolated, with no accredited degrees in these professions, and accreditation processes delay educational innovations. Employers lack awareness of the value of these professions, and salary gaps between the health and information technology sectors, as well as between public and private sectors, weaken workforce retention. The absence of occupational recognition in national regulations further constrains workforce development. Stakeholders endorsed modular, competency-based training-integrated into Master of Public Health programs and in-service certificates-as the most feasible way to scale capacity. Building a sustainable workforce requires short-term measures such as problem-based and continuing training, along with long-term policies that (i) prioritize human capital development in national digital health strategies, (ii) adjust educational and occupational classifications, (iii) modernize accreditation processes for modular credentialing, and (iv) align incentives to attract and retain talent. Together, these actions could enable EECA health systems to harness digital innovation for better health outcomes.

Developing outdoor displays that combine low power consumption with high visibility remains a major challenge for sustainable information technologies. Electrophoretic displays (EPDs) are reflective and energy-efficient but suffer from poor color saturation, limited brightness, and the lack of nighttime emissive capability. Herein, we report that functional composite electrophoretic particles, denoted as FeOOH@QD, are prepared by grafting green CdZnSeS/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) onto FeOOH pigment particles via a surface-initiated polymerization. The FeOOH@QD particles exhibit excellent charge stability and high color purity, as well as dual-mode optical behavior, showing vivid green reflection under daylight and bright green fluorescence under 365 nm UV excitation. By integrating these particles with modified white TiO2-KH570-PLMA electrophoretic particles, a QD-enhanced electrophoretic display (QDEPD) is fabricated. The QDEPD demonstrates rapid switching speeds (210-250 ms at ±30 V), high contrast ratios (3.6 in reflection mode and 22.6 in emission mode), long-term bistability with image retention over 24 h without power, and excellent cycling durability. Importantly, the dual-mode QDEPD operates without backlight under ambient light and requires only intermittent low-voltage driving, greatly reducing power consumption. By combining reflection and emission modes, the QDEPD enables environment-adaptive and energy-efficient viewing, highlighting its potential for sustainable outdoor display technologies.

This study examines the factors influencing supply chain performance in the processed fruit and vegetable sector in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), a region still underrepresented in empirical supply chain research due to its limited geographic area and high perishability. Based on the Resource-Based View and Dynamic Capabilities Theory, the study evaluates how supply chain performance is affected by logistics, procurement, responsiveness, integration, flexibility, information technology, and communication. Sustainable supply chain practices are tested as a mediating mechanism. A structured questionnaire collected primary data from 146 fruit and vegetable processing enterprises. Data were gathered from fruit and vegetable processing units, including respondents such as managers, middle-level employees, and other staff members. Covariance-based structural equation modeling (SEM) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) analysed the proposed relationships. The results show that all examined enablers have a significant and positive impact on supply chain performance, with sustainable practices partially mediating these relationships, emphasising their crucial role in improving operational outcomes. The novelty of this research lies in its context-specific empirical modeling of supply chain performance in a fragile, horticulture-dominated region, addressing a notable gap in the agri-food supply chain literature. The findings provide practical insights for policymakers and industry stakeholders by highlighting strategic levers to enhance resilience, sustainability, and competitiveness in perishable agri-food supply chains facing geographic and infrastructural challenges.

ABSTRACT Flexible electronic devices are increasingly being utilized in a wide range of applications in healthcare, information technology, and energy because of their flexibility, stretchability, and enhanced resistance to bending fatigue. The development of flexible electronics is closely related to material selection, structural design, and manufacturing processes. Among these, the manufacturing processes applied serve as primary driving forces that directly affect the functionality, scalability, and cost of devices. Compared with traditional manufacturing technologies, inkjet printing has the unique advantages of high‐efficiency, low‐cost, exceptional flexibility, and superior material utilization rate. Consequently, inkjet printing has become the key technology in accelerating the development of flexible electronics. This review systematically discusses recent advancements in inkjet printing technology for flexible electronics. First, the working principles of several inkjet printing technologies are introduced. Next, the characteristics of various functional ink materials are summarized. This review also discusses recent advances in the manufacturing and performance optimization of typical flexible electronics via inkjet printing. Subsequently, the emerging applications of inkjet‐based flexible electronics, such as clinical medicine, intelligent human‐machine interaction, and energy are presented. Finally, the development prospects and major challenges of inkjet‐based flexible electronics are analyzed and summarized.

In the rapidly digitalizing economy, information technology has become vital for businesses to build competitive advantage and survive in increasingly competitive environments. Export businesses must coordinate their planning and operations to meet customer needs effectively. This research examined the impact of perceived organizational support (POS) on organizational performance (OPerf) through the mediating roles of organizational learning capability (OLC) and technology capability (TC) in export enterprises. Using quantitative methodology, data were collected via questionnaires from 385 food manufacturing exporters in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) and Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) for hypothesis testing. PLS-SEM was used to analyze complex relationships involving latent variables and estimate cause-effect models with mediators. The findings revealed that POS had positive and significant direct effects on OPerf (p < .001), with OLC and TC serving as significant mediators. Both OLC and TC also showed positive and significant effects on OPerf (p < .001). Theoretically, the research extends Social Exchange Theory by demonstrating that perceived organizational support enhances learning and technology capabilities that drive organizational performance. Practically, it suggests fostering a supportive organizational climate helps sustain competitiveness through learning and technology adoption.