This paper presents a comprehensive review of image representation and color spaces in the domain ofcomputer vision. Image representation serves as the foundation of computer vision systems, encompassingtechniques such as pixel-based, vector-based, and feature-based representations. Color spaces provide astandardized framework for encoding color information in digital images, with popular models includingRGB, HSV, Lab, and CMYK. The paper explores fundamental concepts, comparative analysis, practicalapplications, and future directions in image representation and color spaces. Insights gained from the reviewhighlight the significance of these concepts in various computer vision applications, including objectrecognition, image segmentation, and image enhancement. Future research directions include addressingchallenges such as achieving color constancy and developing adaptive color space selection techniques. Byleveraging the findings from this review, researchers and practitioners can advance the state-of-the-art incomputer vision and develop more robust and effective systems for real-world applications.