Comprehensive System Architecture Research Articles

Method for Developing the System Architecture of Existing Industrial Objects for Digital Representation Tasks

This paper presents a method for creating the system architecture of existing industrial objects based on Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) principles. The method aims to form a digital representation of physical objects, which is crucial in the digital transformation of industrial enterprises. It allows for the accurate reflection of all components, processes, functions, and interrelationships within an object. The methodology includes stages of data collection, structuring, development of ontological models, and the integration of a comprehensive system architecture into the digital space. This method was tested using a small hydroelectric power plant, revealing its key advantages and disadvantages and identifying areas for further improvement. The main findings indicate a significant improvement in understanding the system architecture for scenario modeling and digital operation of the objects. Despite challenges such as the need for multiple iterations and high data requirements, the methodology demonstrates the potential for applying MBSE in the digital transformation of existing industrial objects.

Legal Perspectives on Research Data Storage

Responsibly managing research data has become increasingly important for researchers, especially within the database research community. Despite significant progress in best practices, the state-of-the-art in research data storage is lacking from a legal perspective. We introduce the stakeholders and the dynamic nature of their relationships (such as researchers changing affiliation) and observe that no existing infrastructure for research data storage fully meets their requirements. Therefore, we emphasize the need to design a comprehensive system architecture for research data storage that is aligned with legal considerations from the start, rather than as an afterthought.

A Blockchain Based Security system framework in Healthcare Domain using IoT

In the contemporary healthcare domain, the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has revolutionized patient care, enabling real-time monitoring, enhanced diagnostics, and personalized treatment plans. However, this digital transformation is accompanied by unprecedented challenges in ensuring the security and privacy of sensitive healthcare data. Traditional cybersecurity measures often fall short in addressing the complexity and dynamism of IoT ecosystems. This research introduces a novel blockchain-based security system framework specifically designed for the healthcare sector utilizing IoT. By leveraging the inherent security, transparency, and immutability features of blockchain technology, the proposed framework provides a robust solution to safeguard healthcare data integrity, ensure privacy, and enable secure patient data sharing among authorized entities. Through a comprehensive system architecture, this paper delineates the integration of IoT devices with a blockchain network, highlighting the deployment of smart contracts for automated access control, and data encryption mechanisms to preserve confidentiality. An empirical evaluation demonstrates the framework's effectiveness in enhancing data security while maintaining system efficiency. The discussion extends to the implications of this framework for the future of healthcare IT security, addressing potential challenges and suggesting avenues for further research. This study not only contributes to advancing the state of cybersecurity in healthcare IoT but also lays the groundwork for future innovations in the field.

Intelligent Electric Grid Maintenance via an Adaptive Predictive Maintenance Optimization Algorithm

This study presents a novel framework for the predictive maintenance of electric grid infrastructure, leveraging an Adaptive Predictive Maintenance Optimization (APMO) algorithm. Our comprehensive system architecture integrates IoT sensors and drone surveillance, harnessing grid computing for data processing and machine learning for analytics. The APMO algorithm, underpinned by reinforcement learning, dynamically refines maintenance schedules, enhancing operational efficiency. Results from simulated sensor data exhibit a negligible correlation, indicating a multi-faceted approach to predictive analytics. Specifically, the Health Index distribution showed a wide range of 0.7 to 1.0, while the electrical current maintained a stable mean at 10 A. Further, the APMO algorithm demonstrated a promising improvement in maintenance efficiency from 40% to 75% over a year. This research introduces a scalable, robust system for grid management, paving the way for smarter infrastructure maintenance.

Development of a novel 6LoWPAN‐based multipurpose sensor monitoring and notification system

SummaryIn the area of wireless communication technologies, 6LoWPAN leverages the extensive capabilities of IPv6, even within the constraints imposed by resource‐limited devices, particularly within wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The integration of 6LoWPAN into modern solutions for implementing the IPv6‐based Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming increasingly important. In this paper, a sensor monitoring and notification system specifically designed for deployment over 6LoWPAN has been proposed. Multipurpose capability, scalability, and ease of deployability are the main features of the proposed system. Its architecture reflects the highest degree of flexibility and allows for a variety of use cases encountered in practical scenarios. In addition, a web interface has been developed as part of the comprehensive system architecture. This interface enables efficient management of the entire system and facilitates connection for new users and seamless integration of additional sensors. By encapsulating complex functions in a user‐friendly interface, the system promotes accessibility, convenience, and an enhanced user experience. The proposed system overcomes the limitations of current approaches, thereby creating new opportunities. The flexibility of the proposed system allows it to be applied to various use cases.

Cyber-physical systems and digital twins for “cognitive building” in the construction industry

Purpose Despite the growing attention on the relevance of improved building management systems with cognition in recent years in the architecture, engineering, construction and operation (AECO) community, no review has been conducted to understand the human-environment interaction features of cyber-physical systems (CPS) and digital twins (DTs) in developing the concept of a cognitive building (CB). Thus, this paper aims to review existing studies on CPS and DTs for CB to propose a comprehensive system architecture that considers human-environment interactions. Design/methodology/approach Scientometric analysis and content analysis were adopted for this study. Findings The scientometric analysis of 1,042 journal papers showed the major themes of CPS/DTs for CB, and these can be categorized into three key technologies to realize CB in the AECO community: CPS, DTs and cognitive computing (CC). Content analysis of 44 relevant publications in the built environment assisted in understanding and evidently confirming the claim of this study on the integration of CPS and DTs for CB in construction by also involving the CC. It is found and confirmed that CB can be realized with CPS and DTs along with the CC. A CB system architecture (CBSA) is proposed from the three key technologies considering the human-environment interactions in the loop. The study discovered the potential applications of the CBSA across the building lifecycle phases, including the design, construction and operations and maintenance, with the potential promise of endowing resilience, intelligence, greater efficiency and self-adaptiveness. Based on the findings of the review, four research directions are proposed: human-environment interactions, CB for sustainable building performance, CB concept for modular buildings and moving beyond CB. Originality/value This study stands out for comprehensively surveying the intellectual core and the landscape of the general body of knowledge on CPS/DTs for CB in the built environment. It makes a distinctive contribution to knowledge as it does not only propose CBSA by integrating CPS and DTs along with CC but also suggests some potential practical applications. These may require expert judgments and real case examples to enhance reproducibility and validation.

RFID BASED SMART LIBRARY

Library circulation is low because of the tedious and time-consuming nature of the institution's traditional management. In addition to being waterproof and anti-magnetic, the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) labels can be encrypted, have a huge storage capacity, and more. Using RFID as a foundation, we develop a comprehensive system architecture that takes into account the hardware and software requirements of the university library. The RFID system streamlines library operations by adding intelligence and automation. Using RFID middleware, the system is able to integrate RFID and library management in a natural way, resulting in a library management system that is both efficient and scalable. In order to demonstrate the system's overall functionality and each of its sub-functions, the use case diagram is a ground breaking concept. System for managing libraries and identifying books via radio frequency (RFID) The proposed system is based on RFID readers and passive RFID tags that are able to electronically store information that can be read with the help of the RFID reader. This system would be able to issue and return books via RFID tags and also calculates the corresponding fine associated with the time period of the absence of the book from the library database

Optimal Sizing and Management of Distributed Energy Resources in Smart Buildings

This article investigates optimal sizing and realtime control of electrical and thermal distributed energy resources (DERs) in smart buildings. Initially, a comprehensive system architecture is presented considering both electrical and thermal DERs. Then, the DERs are optimally sized through a planning optimization problem with respect to minimization of the total initial investment cost, replacement cost, operations-and-management cost and environmental cost normalized by energy delivered from renewables and controllable non-renewables. Finally, the DERs are optimally controlled in a realtime through a one-slot-look-ahead (OSLA) optimization technique with respect to minimization of load scheduling delay cost, energy procurement cost, energy storage degradation cost, DERs operations-and-management cost, and environmental deterioration cost. The proposed OSLA based technique has the following distinct features and benefits: (i) it introduces a customer-oriented specific duration based modelling that makes it useful for practical customer energy needs and available budget limitation; (ii) it relies on the current states of the system inputs only making it applicable in general scenarios; (iii) it employs special techniques of problem modification, transformation, approximation and separation with a significantly lower computational complexity making it useful for practical implementation. Performance of the proposed approach is validated through simulations. Results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce the monthly energy consumption bill of BEMS customers by 20.53%. Also, it can execute 88.15% of customer load tasks accurately accounting for realtime changes in system inputs.

Research on operation scenario based aircraft power system architecture analysis and modelling

Aircraft power system is a complex system consisting of the power generation system, the power management and distribution system, and the power consumption system, which accounts for the aircraft's major fuel consumption and emissions. This paper proposes a scenario-based comprehensive power requirement analysis and system architecture methodology in order to alleviate the risk of systems over-design and discoordination caused by traditional bottom-up load collection and individual system design. Starting from the operation scenario, system functions are identified and corresponding physical architecture and power loads are analysed. Given the complexity of operation scenarios and aircraft power system, model-based system engineering methodology is applied to the top-down aircraft power system architecture design. SysML tool is used to carry out to analyse the aircraft power system architecture during taxi scenario, which provides great advantages on model tracing and reuse.

Autonomic Wireless Sensor Networks: A Systematic Literature Review

Autonomic computing (AC) is a promising approach to meet basic requirements in the design of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), and its principles can be applied to efficiently manage nodes operation and optimize network resources. Middleware for WSNs supports the implementation and basic operation of such networks. In this systematic literature review (SLR) we aim to provide an overview of existing WSN middleware systems that address autonomic properties. The main goal is to identify which development approaches of AC are used for designing WSN middleware system, which allow the self-management of WSN. Another goal is finding out which interactions and behavior can be automated in WSN components. We drew the following main conclusions from the SLR results: (i) the selected studies address WSN concerns according to the self-*properties of AC, namely, self-configuration, self-healing, self-optimization, and self-protection; (ii) the selected studies use different approaches for managing the dynamic behavior of middleware systems for WSN, such as policy-based reasoning, context-based reasoning, feedback control loops, mobile agents, model transformations, and code generation. Finally, we identified a lack of comprehensive system architecture designs that support the autonomy of sensor networking.

An Integrated Management Control Information System for Mine Production Based on Three-Tiered Structure

As the supporting means for the development of enterprise, the construction of management control information system requires to be improved and upgraded continually in accordance with the development of China mine enterprises. Facing to China mine enterprises, the management control information system of production and operation based on three-layer structure is an integrative solution by combining management and control. The three-layer structure includes Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Manufacturing Execution System (MES), and Process Control System (PCS). Composed by inter-related systems of PCS, MES and ERP, the comprehensive and automatic system architecture can integrate them as a whole through the promotion of control technology, computing technology, and optimization technology, and can achieve the comprehensive application of mine information, control effectively the operating costs in mine production, improve production and management efficiency, enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises, and enable the production and operation management of mine enterprises to make a substantial step up.

DDDAS-based multi-fidelity simulation framework for supply chain systems

Dynamic-Data-Driven Application Systems (DDDAS) is a new modeling and control paradigm which adaptively adjusts the fidelity of a simulation model. The fidelity of the simulation model is adjusted against available computational resources by incorporating dynamic data into the executing model, which then steers the measurement process for selective date update. To this end, comprehensive system architecture and methodologies are first proposed, where the components include a real-time DDDAS simulation, grid modules, a web service communication server, databases, various sensors and a real system. Abnormality detection, fidelity selection, fidelity assignment, and prediction and task generation are enabled through the embedded algorithms developed in this work. Grid computing is used for computational resources management and web services are used for inter-operable communications among distributed software components. The proposed DDDAS is demonstrated on an example of preventive maintenance scheduling in a semiconductor supply chain.

Future Haptic Science Encyclopedia: Realistic Stable Haptic Interaction with Highly Deformable Objects Using HIRO-II

Maintaining a stable haptic interaction with virtual environments, especially with physically-based deformable objects, has long been an active area of research. We address this issue by presenting a comprehensive haptic system architecture and virtual reality simulation, where a physically-based modeling using the Finite Element Method (FEM) combined with an “elementary displacement” approach has been implemented. This approach ensures the stability of haptic interaction with deformable objects and considers interaction with multipoints contacts. The Future Haptic Science Encyclopedia (FHSE) we developed to verify our proposal and demonstrate the new haptic interface HIRO II. We also present an objective and subjective evaluation of FHSE simulation.