Comprehensive Skills Assessment Research Articles

Bridging the Gap: Addressing the Disparity between Higher Education Knowledge and Industry Needs

Job mismatch, which has been described as a discrepancy between skills possessed by individuals and those demanded by the labor market, has become a prevalent issue with significant implications for individuals, organizations, and society at large. This paper explores the causes and consequences of job mismatch and proposes strategies to address this challenge. Drawing on existing literature and personal experiences, the paper highlights the role of technological advancements, inadequate education and training systems, and changing job requirements in contributing to job mismatch. It discusses the adverse effects of job mismatch on individuals’ job satisfaction, productivity, overall well-being, and its impact on organizations’ performance and the economy. To mitigate job mismatch, the paper suggests collaborative efforts between training institutions and employers, increased investment in employee training and development, and the use of comprehensive skills assessment tools. By implementing these strategies, individuals can acquire the necessary skills, organizations can optimize their workforce, and societies can foster inclusive and sustainable economic growth. This paper provides insights into the complex issue of job mismatch and offers practical recommendations for policymakers, employers, and individuals to tackle this challenge and create a better-aligned labor market.

Skills Assessment Criteria for Aircraft Maintenance Technician in the Context of Industrial Revolution 4.0

Professional certification is required for aircraft maintenance technicians in order to undertake sophisticated maintenance tasks that need a wide set of skills and competencies. Due to the increasing demand for workforce preparedness for Industrial Revolution 4.0, numerous publications stress only a subset of aircraft maintenance skills criteria in their skills assessment curriculum. The purpose of this paper is to review previous research publications on skill and competency evaluation in the aircraft maintenance industry in order to develop a comprehensive set of skill and competency assessment criteria through a systematic review of the literature. It applies the PRISMA approach in selecting and evaluating the included articles. The papers were retrieved from five journal databases using a set of Boolean search terms related. The filtered fifteen articles are systematically reviewed for talent evaluation criteria applicable to the aircraft maintenance work scope in order to deal with the Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR4.0). Certain articles concentrate on a subset of assessment criteria for enhancing and tracking critical skills assessment criteria for the aircraft maintenance workforce, rather than on IR4.0 skill standards specifically. This paper summarizes seven skill criteria gathered in order to develop a comprehensive skill assessment framework for aircraft maintenance workforce.

Design and implementation of post level management and secondary performance assessment and distribution in Central Supply Service Department

Objective To explore the effects of post level management and secondary performance distribution in the Central Supply Service Department. Methods From January 2019, the job categories, job labor intensity, technical risk level, division of professional staff, specialist training, job description revision, job capability and other aspects of all staff (n=67) of Central Supply Service Department of the First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Henan were set up, and the competitive employment mechanism was applied. Based on the total amount of performance issued by the Nursing Department according to the total number of people in the disinfection supply center, the scientific design and implementation of post performance secondary assessment distribution and post promotion were carried out according to post workload, work quality, technical research, service satisfaction and so on. Results The difference in the results of comprehensive skills assessment of nurses before and after the performance of secondary assessment and distribution management was statistically significant (P<0.05) . The difference of job satisfaction of disinfection and supply center among different departments was statistically significant (P<0.05) . There was statistical significance in the comparison of quality control defects in quality control examination of department (P<0.05) . In the democratic evaluation of staff, 43 were very satisfied with the performance distribution, 3 were dissatisfied. The content of dissatisfaction was the coefficient in lactation has no difference from other posts. Conclusions The implementation of the post level management and secondary performance assessment in the Central Supply Service Department has stimulated the potential of nurses at all levels, aroused their enthusiasm for work, and set up goals for everybody. All staff participating in the management improved the work efficiency and quality, guaranteed the nursing safety and the work operation, achieving the satisfactory effect. Key words: Nursing management research; Central Supply Service Department; Position management; Secondary performance assessment; Specialist development

Robotics-Assisted Surgical Skills Evaluation based on Electrocortical Activity.

Skills assessment in Robotics-Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery (RAMIS) is mainly performed based on temporal, motion-based and outcome-based metrics. While these components are essential for the proper assessment of skills in RAMIS, they do not suffice for full representation of all underlying aspects of skilled performance. Besides such commonplace components of skills, there exist other elements to be taken into account for comprehensive skills assessment. Among such elements are cognitive states (such as levels of stress, attention, concentration) that can directly affect performance. Investigating the impact of electrocortical activity and cognitive states of RAMIS surgeons over their performance has, however, received little attention in the literature. Therefore, in this paper, novel performance metrics based on electroencephalography (EEG) signals are studied for potential augmentation into RAMIS training and its assessment platform. For this purpose, a user study was conducted involving 23 novices and 9 expert RAMIS surgeons. The participants were asked to perform two tasks on the dv-Trainer®, (Mimic Technologies) RAMIS simulator, while their brain EEG signals were being measured using the Muse EEG headband (InteraXon Inc.). The performance metrics were defined as mean values of band powers of EEG signals over various ranges of frequency. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate metrics over 5 different ranges of frequency for 4 electrode locations and during 2 RAMIS training tasks. The results indicated statistically significant differences in electrocortical activity between novices and experts in temporoparietal and left frontal regions of their brain for mid to high-frequency ranges. Overall, RAMIS experts showed lower levels of electrocortical activity in those regions compared to novices. The results indicate that electrocortical activity measured by EEG signals have the potential to provide useful information for skills assessment in RAMIS.

A comparison of numerical and analytical predictions of the tidal stream power resource of Massachusetts, USA

The coastal waters of Massachusetts, USA encompass tidal phenomena that generate flows of sufficient magnitude for commercially viable power extraction. We examine the tidal power resource of the Massachusetts coastal region with two high-resolution hydrodynamic tidal models: a regional model encompassing the coastal waters of southeastern New England and a local domain model of Cape Cod Canal. Both models have been subject to comprehensive skill assessment using available surface elevation and ADCP measurements. Based on the model results, we identify five high-energy sites (Cape Cod Canal, Muskeget Channel, Quicks Hole, Robinson Hole and Woods Hole) for evaluation of the maximum extractable tidal power. The power extraction at these sites is modeled using linear momentum actuator disk theory applied to a cross-channel array of turbines. Of the sites evaluated, Muskeget Channel has the greatest resource, with an estimated maximum extractable power of 24 MW. The estimated total power available from all five sites is 44 MW. These estimates agree within 21% with predictions from analytical approaches at all sites. Potential applications for the models include: providing developers with an initial assessment of the resource, guiding observation programs for further study of the resource, and facilitating optimization of turbine array design.

A study on the influence of the solution focused approach on the job burnout of nursing interns

Objective To explore the effect of solution focused approach on the job burnout of nursing interns, and provide theoretical and practical basis for the post-intervention practices. Methods From September 2014 to May 2016 in a level three class A general hospital of Beijing, fresh nursing graduates who interned in hospital were selected as study objects. A total of 40 nursing interns were divided into control group from June 2014 to March 2015, using the nursing core competency-based education model for teaching, while 42 students were selected to the observation group from June 2015 to March 2016, based on control group teaching model added solution focused approach. Before and after the internship, nursing burnout scale, turnover intention scale, graduation comprehensive skills assessment scores were used to evaluated all interns in two groups. Results The differences had no statistical significance in gender, age, educational background, job burnout, intention of turnover, scores of theory and skill operation before internship (P>0.05). After internship, the job burnout and turnover intention of observation group was lower than that of control group, but the students comprehensive examination scores was higher than that of control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Solution focused approach as a model of psychological intervention can reduce the job burnout and turnover intention and improve the quality of intern practice. Key words: Nursing intern; Solution focused approach; Job burnout; Turnover intention

以岗位需求为导向的二级医院ICU进修护士教学培训体系的构建及实践

Objective : Establish position requirements-oriented training system of ICU training nurses in secondary hospital .To standardize the teaching management and improve the training effect for the training nurses in our ICU. Methods: Form the ICU training nurse teaching staff; Formulate training manual according to survey results of nurse training demand；Implement clinical teaching in stages according to the content of the training manual; Proceed comprehensive skills assessment in the different stages of training. Results: The pass rate of the 84 training nurses in 2013was 100%, the excellent rate was 25.72%,the good rate was 36.37%. 84 training nurses completed the training task perfectly according to the training manual, and during the training there was no nursing security incidents. Conclusion: To establish position requirements-oriented training system of ICU training nurses is the main method to solve the shortage of nursing professionals in secondary hospital. This kind of training system is appropriate to the needs of the development of intensive care ,training requirement and clinical requirement. It should be extended in nurse training work in ICU.

Annual and seasonal fCO2 and air–sea CO2 fluxes in the Barents Sea

The Barents Sea is the strongest CO2 sink in the Arctic region, yet estimates of the air–sea CO2 flux in this area show a large span reflecting uncertainty as well as significant variability both seasonally and regionally. Here we use a previously unpublished data set of seawater CO2 fugacity (fCO2), and map these data over the western Barents Sea through multivariable linear regressions with SeaWiFS/MODIS remote sensing and TOPAZ model data fields. We find that two algorithms are necessary in order to cover the full seasonal cycle, mainly because not all proxy variables are available for the entire year, and because variability in fCO2 is driven by different mechanisms in summer and winter. A comprehensive skill assessment indicates that there is a good overall correspondence between observations and predictions. The algorithms are also validated using two independent data sets, with good results. The gridded fCO2 fields reveal tight links between water mass distribution and fCO2 in all months, and particularly in winter. The seasonal cycle show peaks in the total air–sea CO2 influx in May and September, caused by respectively biological drawdown of CO2 and low sea ice concentration leaving a large open water area. For 2007 the annual average air–sea CO2 flux is −48±5gCm−2, which is comparable to previous estimates.

Evaluation of a coastal ocean circulation model for the Columbia River plume in summer 2004

Realistic hindcast of the Columbia River estuarine‐plume‐shelf circulation in summer 2004 using the Regional Ocean Modeling System nested within the Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) is quantitatively evaluated with an extensive set of observations. The model has about equal skill at tidal and subtidal properties. Tidal circulation and water properties are best simulated in the estuary, which is strongly forced and damped, but worst on the shelf. Subtidal currents are again best in the estuary. However, subtidal temperature and salinity are best simulated in the surface waters on the shelf, even inside the river plume. A comprehensive skill assessment method is proposed to evaluate the cross‐scale modeling system with a focus on the plume. The model domain is divided into five dynamical regions: estuary, near‐ and far‐field plume, near surface and deep layers. A skill score is obtained for each region by averaging the skills of different physical variables, and an overall skill is obtained by averaging the skills across the five regions. This weighting metric results in more skill weight per unit volume in the near surface layer where the plume is trapped and in the estuary. It is also demonstrated, through model/data comparison and skill assessment, that by nesting within NCOM, some important remote forcing, e.g., coastal trapped waves, are added to our model; on the other hand, some biases are also received. With a finer grid and more realistic forcing, our regional model improves skill over a larger‐scale model in modeling the shelf‐plume circulation.

Comparison of observed (HF radar, ADCP) and model barotropic tidal currents in the New York Bight and Block Island Sound

A three-dimensional, primitive-equation model is used to simulate the barotropically-forced semidiurnal tidal currents in the New York Bight (NYB) and Block Island Sound (BIS). Model tidal velocity ellipses are verified at historical current meter locations and with measurements from acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) and HF radar (CODAR). The model reproduces well the regional tidal flow pattern as well as the vertical tidal velocity structure. The model misfits typically are 2–4 cm/s in amplitude and 5–7° in orientation. Through comprehensive skill assessment, the model's capacity of simulating the three-dimensional barotropic tidal currents is clearly demonstrated. Moreover, it is shown that the integrity of HF radar measurements can be assured by verifying with model tidal ellipses.

A 3D boundary-fitted barotropic hydrodynamic model for the New York Harbor region

A three-dimensional barotropic hydrodynamic model application to the New York Harbor Region is performed using the Boundary-Fitted HYDROdynamic model (BFHYDRO). The model forcing functions consist of surface elevations along the open boundaries, hourly winds, and fresh water flows from the rivers and sewage flows. A comprehensive skill assessment of the model predictions is done using observed surface elevations and three-dimensional currents. The model-predicted surface elevations compare well with the observed surface elevations at four stations. Mean errors in the model-predicted surface elevations are less than 4% and correlation coefficients exceed 0.985. Model-predicted three-dimensional currents at Verrazano Narrows show excellent comparison with the observations, with mean errors less than 11% and correlation coefficients exceeding 0.960. Model-predicted three-dimensional currents at Bergen Point compare well with the observations, with mean errors less than 15% and correlation coefficients exceeding 0.897. The surface elevation amplitudes and phases of the principal tidal constituents at nine tidal stations, obtained from a harmonic analysis of a 60-day simulation compare well with the observed data. The predicted amplitude and phase of the M 2 tidal constituent at these stations are, respectively, within 5 cm and 6° of the observed data. The model-predicted tidal ellipse parameters for the major tidal constituents compare well with the observations at Verrazano Narrows and Bergen Point. The model-predicted along channel sub-tidal currents also compare well with the observations. The semi-diurnal tidal ranges and spring and neap tidal cycles of the surface elevations and currents are well reproduced in the model at all stations. The observed currents at Bergen Point were shown to be flood dominant through tidal distortion analysis. The model-predicted currents also showed Newark Bay and Arthur Kill to be flood dominant systems. The model predictions showed the occurrence of a pronounced flow separation and formation of a pair of counter-rotating eddies in the Lower New York Bay. The model-predicted residual circulation pattern showed many gyres in the Harbor Region and Jamaica Bay.

Numerical modeling of an estuary: A comprehensive skill assessment

Numerical simulations of the Hudson River estuary using a terrain‐following, three‐dimensional model (Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS)) are compared with an extensive set of time series and spatially resolved measurements over a 43 day period with large variations in tidal forcing and river discharge. The model is particularly effective at reproducing the observed temporal variations in both the salinity and current structure, including tidal, spring neap, and river discharge–induced variability. Large observed variations in stratification between neap and spring tides are captured qualitatively and quantitatively by the model. The observed structure and variations of the longitudinal salinity gradient are also well reproduced. The most notable discrepancy between the model and the data is in the vertical salinity structure. While the surface‐to‐bottom salinity difference is well reproduced, the stratification in the model tends to extend all the way to the water surface, whereas the observations indicate a distinct pycnocline and a surface mixed layer. Because the southern boundary condition is located near the mouth the estuary, the salinity within the domain is particularly sensitive to the specification of salinity at the boundary. A boundary condition for the horizontal salinity gradient, based on the local value of salinity, is developed to incorporate physical processes beyond the open boundary not resolved by the model. Model results are sensitive to the specification of the bottom roughness length and vertical stability functions, insofar as they influence the intensity of vertical mixing. The results only varied slightly between different turbulence closure methods of k‐ɛ, k‐ω, and k‐kl.

The use of assessment procedures in foster care to evaluate readiness for independent living

Several questions were posed: (a) Can a formalized approach to comprehensive skill assessment measure the functional capabilities of foster adolescents and identify a sub-set of youth who can be considered at-risk, and (b) Can a systematic assessment approach be used by states to reform independent living policies? Four paper and pencil devices comprised the skills assessment battery. The instruments were: Test of Adult Basic Education (TABE), Tests for Everyday Living (TEL), Daniel Memorial Independent Living Assessment for Life Skills, and Effective Social Skills (ESS). In addition, a questionnaire was filled out by Service Providers and a placement history completed for study participants. The package was administered to foster youths-ages 16 through 19-who participated in special summer programs in New York City and upstate locations. A total of 206 youths were tested; 104 from NYC and 102 in the upstate sample. Depending on the skill tested, anywhere from one fifth to one third were in serious need of specialized services, independent living planning, follow-up, and/or aftercare. It is recommended that states engage in systematic skills assessment to document the competency levels of foster care youth and to stimulate reform of independent living policies and programs.