Comprehensive Scoping Review Research Articles (Page 1)

Exploring the symptomatology and assessment of emetophobia: A comprehensive scoping review.

Background: Clinical decision support (CDS) systems have been widely adopted in health care to enhance decision making, but opportunities to refine their application in end-of-life (EOL) care for older adults remain. Despite the potential of CDS tools to facilitate timely hospice referrals and improve palliative care planning, challenges such as eligibility complexities, late referrals, and integration into clinical workflows persist. This scoping review maps the current landscape of CDS systems in EOL care, identifies key system types, and examines their effectiveness in guiding clinical decisions. Methods: Following Arksey and O'Malley's framework, we conducted a comprehensive scoping review across PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, APA PsycInfo, and other databases. Eligible studies included those focusing on the development, implementation, or evaluation of CDS systems in EOL care for older adults. Data extraction included CDS system types, targeted diagnoses, study design, intervention outcomes, and reported facilitators and barriers. Results: A total of 31 studies were included, categorizing CDS systems into prognostic tools, referral tools, and care informing tools. Prognostic tools were the most common, assisting in predicting mortality risk and guiding referral timing. Referral tools supported structured hospice eligibility assessments, while care informing tools facilitated patient-provider discussions on care goals. CDS system effectiveness varied, with some tools improving palliative care referrals and advanced care planning, while others faced barriers related to staff adoption, regulatory concerns, and technological integration. Conclusions: CDS systems hold promise in bridging gaps in EOL decision making, but their implementation faces challenges, including workflow integration, clinician adoption, and disparities in accessibility. Future research should explore artificial intelligence-driven CDS tools, strategies to enhance provider trust, and tailored interventions for nursing home settings to optimize EOL care for older adults.

A common intervention to address aspiration and reflux in infants is thickening milk. However, thickening milk may further complicate feeding management for infants with cleft palate using adaptive feeding methods. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify and describe the types of milk thickener used for infants with cleft palate (with or without cleft lip) and the feeding modalities through which thickened milk is administered. A comprehensive scoping review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Five databases were searched: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and EBSCO Open Dissertations, in addition to citation searching. Records were limited to English-language publications with no date restrictions. Both peer-reviewed and gray-literature sources were included. After removing 868 duplicates, 2,282 records were screened by title and abstract. Sixty-four full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. One study met the inclusion criteria. Milk thickening was used as an intervention for infants with isolated Pierre Robin sequence and cleft palate. The thickener used was a modified corn-based flour at approximately 3% concentration to achieve a thicker liquid consistency. The thickened milk was offered via a bottle with latex nipples of varying hole sizes (original, intermediate, and 1-mm) depending on the infant's needs. Despite only one study meeting the inclusion criteria by specifying thickener type and/or feeding modality, 11 tutorial and seminar articles that discussed milk thickening as an intervention strategy in this population were identified. However, these articles lacked any information on the type of thickener and feeding modality, and none implemented the intervention with infants. Although milk thickening is described as a strategy in several tutorial and seminar articles, there is a paucity of empirical evidence to support milk thickening as a feeding intervention strategy for infants using cleft-adapted feeding methods.

The mental eminence (chin) is a uniquely human anatomical feature with critical relevance across multiple domains of biomedical and anthropological research. This transdisciplinary review aims to synthesize current knowledge regarding its morphology, population variability, evolutionary origin, and surgical relevance. A comprehensive scoping review aims to map how the mental eminence has been defined and evaluated in anthropological, forensic research, identifying the main methodological approaches, anatomical landmarks, and sources of morphological variability, as well as the reliability and applicability of current assessment methods in clinical–forensic contexts. The search strategy was performed in October 2025. The authors initially identified 3125 records, and 26 studies were finally included and assessed for qualitative analysis. Moreover, the analysis integrates data from osteological collections, radiographic imaging, and modern morphometric studies. The mental eminence exhibits significant variability across human populations, with pronounced sexual dimorphism and evolutionary distinction from non-human primates. Its emergence in Homo sapiens is a key taxonomic trait. Clinically, the chin serves as a landmark in surgical procedures involving genioplasty, trauma reconstruction, and dental implantology. Recent advances in imaging and biometrics have refined its analysis in both anthropological and diagnostic contexts. Though often overlooked, mental eminence plays a vital role in craniofacial morphology and human evolution. Its study bridges osteology, anthropology, and surgery, offering insight into both phylogenetic development and applied anatomical practice. A multidisciplinary understanding of this structure enhances its diagnostic and therapeutic utility.

Endometriosis policy and delivery systems: a comprehensive global scoping review

What shapes children’s food consumption behavior? A comprehensive scoping review

Contextualizing the family dynamics in step parent-step child relationship: a comprehensive scoping review

Allostatic load measures the cumulative stress, and it varies across populations. Its accurate measurement among racial groups is essential for understanding the effects of chronic stress on health. This review is aimed at investigating disparities in allostatic load between races and exploring the underlying mechanisms driving these disparities. A systematic search of literature was conducted, resulting in the inclusion of 296 relevant studies. These studies investigated a wide range of allostatic load biomarkers from the cardiovascular, metabolic, neuroendocrine, and immune systems. They involved diverse racial and ethnic populations with variations in age, gender, socioeconomic status (SES), and stress exposure. The review revealed disparities in allostatic load biomarkers across different population groups. The extensive examination of a wide range of biomarkers in the selected studies showed systolic and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate/pulse rate, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index, total cholesterol (TC), C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6 (IL-6)/IL-6 receptor as the most frequently used biomarkers across populations. Socioeconomic status, age, racial discrimination, stressful life events, and adverse health outcomes were associated with allostatic load across different racial groups. Disparities exist in previous studies on allostatic load due to differences in biomarker inclusion, calculation methods, study types, and populations studied. In addition, the roles of factors like social determinants of health, discrimination, and constitutive factors like genetics and age were discussed.

Stratification tools in pharmaceutical care using the capacity-motivation-opportunity framework: A scoping review.

Integrating theoretical and practical constructs in patient education: A comprehensive scoping review.

Oral Assessment of Clinical Reasoning in Student Pharmacists: A Scoping Review.

IntroductionThe increasing volume of radiological images and the associated workload of report generation necessitate efficient solutions, making artificial intelligence (AI) a crucial tool to streamline this process for radiologists. Recent years have seen a surge in research exploring AI-driven radiological report generation directly from images, particularly with the emergence of large vision language models. However, a comprehensive understanding of the current landscape, including specific limitations and the extent to which efforts move beyond abnormality detection to full textual report generation, remains unclear. This scoping review aims to systematically map the existing literature to provide an overview of the current state of AI in generating radiological reports from medical images, including the scope and limitations of existing research. To our knowledge, no prior scoping review has comprehensively mapped this landscape, especially considering recent advancements in foundation models in medicine and related AI architectures. Considering the explosive growth of related studies in recent years, a comprehensive scoping review will be significant in mapping the current research status and understanding relevant limitations.Methods and analysisThis scoping review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines to map the literature on AI generating radiological reports from medical images. We will search PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science for peer-reviewed articles (January 2016 to March 2025) using keywords related to AI, radiological reports and medical images. Original research in English focusing on AI-driven report generation from images will be included and studies without report generation or not using medical images as input will be excluded. Two independent reviewers will perform a two-stage screening. Data extraction, guided by the Critical Appraisal and Data Extraction for Systematic Reviews of Prediction Modelling Studies checklist and focusing on study characteristics, AI methods, image modalities, report features, limitations and key findings, will be analysed using narrative and descriptive synthesis, with results presented in tables, figures and a narrative summary.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol describes a scoping literature review methodology that does not involve research on humans, animals or their data; therefore, no ethical approval is required. Following the review, the results will be considered for publication in a relevant peer-reviewed journal and may be shared with stakeholders through reports or summaries.

Prostate cancer (CaP) disproportionately affects Black men, who face higher rates of late diagnosis and more aggressive disease. This study explores the social determinants of health and emotional support at the point of prostate cancer diagnosis (PPCD) and how these factors influence navigation, emotional responses, and healthcare behaviors among Black men. A comprehensive scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA Extensions framework. Articles were sourced from PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases up to May 2022. Screening and reference management were completed using Covidence and Zotero software. Analysis of 72,710 participants revealed that race and socio-demographics significantly impacted prostate cancer treatment delays, emotional well-being, and substance use in Black men. Five studies examined quality of life, showing that factors such as medical mistrust, fatalism, exercise, and spirituality influence well-being. The PPCD phase is crucial for addressing the emotional, socioeconomic, and spiritual factors that shape Black men's experiences with CaP. This review underscores the importance of individualized, culturally sensitive approaches to reduce disparities and improve support for Black prostate cancer survivors.

There are widespread efforts to implement change and innovation to improve care for older people in aged care. Relational factors are among the key determinants of implementation in care settings, and are an emerging area of implementation research attention. This study aimed to identify relational factors that influence implementation in aged care. We conducted inductive descriptive qualitative content analysis of studies included in a recent comprehensive scoping review of implementation in aged care. We identified a variety of relational factors that influence implementation. Collaboration among stakeholders was a key factor, in particular between disciplines, and among the aged care staff as well as with external service providers. We found that managers' support was vital, as was clear and frequent communication between stakeholders. Implementation was aided by established, cohesive, trusting, non-hierarchical relationships, as well as shared values and visions. A range of factors in the socio-relational context can influence implementation in aged care. Assessing these factors and tailoring implementation strategies accordingly can promote successful implementation to improve care for older people. http://links.lww.com/IJEBH/A384.

This review examines how innovation attributes can affect the implementation of innovations in aged care organizations. Aged care organizations are increasingly implementing new care models and types of technology to improve care quality and sustain operational viability. However, selecting and implementing these innovations is complex, as integrating new practices within established systems requires careful consideration. Identifying specific attributes of innovations that influence implementation outcomes is essential to enhancing sustainability and success. We conducted a secondary data analysis of a comprehensive scoping review on factors affecting innovation implementation in aged care. Key innovation attributes based on Greenhalgh's Diffusion of Innovation in Service Organizations model were used as a framework for analysis. Of the 192 studies in the original scoping review, 122 provided insights into innovation attributes that influence implementation. Key attributes identified included the innovation's impact on workloads, its relevance to roles, and the level of staff knowledge and confidence to adopt within their context. Additionally, the included studies highlighted the importance of sufficient ongoing support, compatibility with existing organizational values and systems, and the innovation's adaptability to specific care settings. Balancing these innovation attributes presents unique opportunities and challenges within the aged care sector. Our findings indicate that successful innovation implementation in aged care requires a nuanced understanding of the innovation attributes that may improve the likelihood of successful implementation. This secondary review offers a practical framework for evaluating innovation suitability, supporting decision-makers in selecting innovations that align with the specific needs and context of aged care settings. http://links.lww.com/IJEBH/A383.

Patient and caregiver knowledge of pediatric testicular torsion: A scoping review.

Astrocyte alterations and dysfunction in alcohol use disorder: A comprehensive scoping review of clinical postmortem and preclinical evidence.

The rising global prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and costs of care associated with its management mandates the need to constrain costs whilst improving patient outcomes. Traditional care models such as fee for service do not capture the functional impact of IBD across the whole patient journey. There is a need to develop innovative care models to better address the multifaceted needs of patients with IBD. Values based healthcare(VBHC) is a model of care that aims to deliver quality care by prioritising outcomes that matter to patients in a manner that demonstrates cost-effectiveness of health service provision. In this comprehensive scoping review of the literature, we examine the implementation of VBHC-orientated approaches to IBD care delivery and assess how they have demonstrated value in relation to clinical outcomes, patient reported outcomes (PROs), costs (direct and indirect) and healthcare utilisation (HCU). In addition, we outline key enablers and barriers to implementation of VBHC models in IBD. We then describe the ideal composition of IBD VBHC models and parameters required for implementation and demonstration of their value proposition.

Determinants of emergency medical services utilization among older adults: a comprehensive scoping review.

Therapeutic Aspects of Post-Polio Syndrome: A Comprehensive Scoping Review