Comprehensive Education Program Research Articles

The Current Status and Influencing Factors of Digital Product Use Among Young Children in the Digital Age

The rapid development of digital technology has fundamentally changed family education in the digital age. This study aims to explore the current status of digital product use and influencing factors among children aged 0-6 years. This study examined the prevalence of digital devices, average screen time, and parents' attitudes toward digital technology in early childhood education by conducting a questionnaire survey of 1,477 families in Sichuan Province , China, and in-depth interviews with four families. The results show that digital products are widely present in families and parents recognize their educational value, but also face challenges in content, time, and online safety management. Differences in parents' digital literacy levels further affect their ability to support children's digital activities. This study recommends the development of a comprehensive parent education program, the establishment of a high-quality digital resource platform, and the strengthening of family guidance to optimize the use of digital technology in early childhood education. The findings contribute to the global discussion on digital literacy, early childhood development, and family education.

Consensus of the Italian Primary Immunodeficiency Network on the use and interpretation of genetic testing for the diagnosis of inborn errors of immunity (IEI)

BackgroundInborn errors of immunity (IEIs) are more than 500 different rare congenital disorders of the immune system characterized by susceptibility to infections and immune dysregulation. The significant overlap of the clinical features among the different forms may lead to diagnostic delay. High throughput sequencing techniques may allow a timely genetic definition. Guidelines for the use and the interpretation of genetic testing produced by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and the European Society of Human Genetics (ESHG) do not cover specificities for the application to IEIs. ObjectiveThe aim of this consensus study is to define the best approach to genetic testing for IEIs. MethodsA panel of experts in the context of the Italian Primary Immunodeficiency Network (IPINet) composed a list of statements that were evaluated using Delphi method. ResultsThe experts recommend that genetic testing for IEIs should be offered to selected patients with warning signs for IEIs and highlight the crucial role of thorough phenotyping and functional tests for the conclusive diagnosis of IEI. Comprehensive educational programs targeted to health care professionals and the public should be developed to increase IEIs awareness and reduce the diagnostic delay. Ethical issues should be pondered over the diagnostic advantages of genetic tests requested for diagnostic purposes. ConclusionAdherence to the guidelines on the use and interpretation of genetic testing for the diagnosis of IEIs should help limiting the inappropriate use of these techniques and reduce the risk of misdiagnosis and apprehension for inconclusive genetic results.

Social acceptance of people living with HIV/AIDS and its correlates among students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran

Introduction HIV/AIDS is not socially acceptable in most countries. People living with HIV/AIDS are stigmatized and pushed out of the community. The purpose of this study was to investigate the social acceptance of People living with HIV/AIDS and its correlates among the students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Methods This is a cross-sectional study that measured the social acceptance score of people living with HIV/AIDS using a questionnaire. The study population consisted of all students who were studying at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2023. Data were collected using stratified-systematic sampling from a sample of 464 students from 9 different faculties. Data collection was done using a researcher-made questionnaire with confirmed validity and reliability. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 23 and Stata version 16. The normality of the data was examined. Principal component analysis, T-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, followed by regression model for multivariate analysis were used to investigate the relationship between quantitative and qualitative variables with the outcome variable. Results The results presented that the average social acceptance score of HIV/AIDS was 21.60 ± 3.83 out of 36. Seven variables including marital status, smoking status, ethnicity, religious degree, age, knowledge, and fear score of HIV/AIDS can potentially affect the social acceptance of people living with HIV/AIDS. The results also indicated a significant relationship between smoking status, ethnicity, and the social acceptance scores of people living with HIV/AIDS, with marital status approaching significance. Conclusion The results of this study are a warning for policy-makers and decision-makers in the field of HIV/AIDS. In order to increase the social acceptance of the people living with HIV/AIDS, this study recommends increasing knowledge through the use of targeted educational interventions. It is essential to implement comprehensive educational programs in universities that focus on raising awareness about the disease. Additionally, developing outreach initiatives that utilize social media can help disseminate information and promote safe practices within the community.

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Nature Photography in Treating Anxiety and Depression amongst Students in FCT College of Education Abuja

This study explored the therapeutic potential of nature photography in treating anxiety and depression amongst students in FCT College of Education Zuba, FCT-Abuja. the study raised two research questions. The study employs a descriptive survey design. The target population for this study includes all NCE II ECCE students enrolled at the FCT College of Education, a sample of 200 students were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data was gathered using a questionnaire titled Therapeutic Potential of Nature Photography for Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire (TPNPADQ). To ensure the validity of the questionnaire, it was reviewed by experts in psychology and test and measurement. The reliability of the instrument was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, which yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.85. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including percentages, means, and standard deviations. The findings revealed that students in FCT College of Education are aware of using nature photography for treating anxiety. furthermore, the findings revealed students in FCT College of Education are aware of using nature photography for treating depression. based on these findings, the study recommends that Colleges of Education should develop comprehensive educational programs and workshops. These programs can provide students with practical skills in nature photography, emphasizing its therapeutic applications in addressing anxiety.

Exploring the Association Between Sexual Agency and Intimate Relationship Violence Experienced and Perpetrated by Brazilian and Portuguese Women

Abstract Introduction Women’s vulnerability to violence in intimate relationships has been negatively associated with the development of sexual agency and is not considered just an individual responsibility in the face of a series of social and economic inequalities to which women are exposed. This study aims to verify the association between sexual agency and violence experienced and perpetrated in intimate relationships, as well as the predictive role of sexual agency on violence, and compare populations with economic, social, and educational differences. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was carried out in 2023 with 322 female university students—161 Brazilian and 161 Portuguese, aged between 18 and 29—using measures to verify sexual agency and different types of violence experienced and perpetrated by women in intimate relationships. The data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U-test, Spearman’s correlation coefficient, and multivariate linear regression analysis. Results Data showed Brazilian women having higher scores in all the variables of experienced and perpetrated violence. Sexual practices and refusal were negatively associated with violence experienced by Brazilian women. Refusal and pregnancy/STI prevention were negatively associated with violence experienced by Portuguese women. Conclusions The differences between groups can be attributed to the intersecting systems of oppression—such as gender, race, and social class—that amplify vulnerabilities and limit investments in protective policies for women, as well as in educational initiatives focused on violence prevention. Policy Implications Results suggest the development of violence prevention programs, comprehensive sexual education programs, and policies that focus on promoting women’s sexual agency.

Tensions, coherence, and/or progress in early childhood teacher education (ECTE) in the Nordic countries

This special issue provides some needed insight into the tensions, coherence, and/or progress in early childhood teacher education (ECTE) in the Nordic countries. These topics warrant exploration due to complex, and at times contradictory educational landscapes, which must deal with the question of how to generate comprehensive, coherent, and interdisciplinary education programs. Drawing on studies utilizing different theoretical perspectives on tensions, coherence, and progress in higher education, and with the use of a variety of research methodologies, the Nordic authors in this special issue expand our knowledge on current issues and tendencies in ECTE in Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and Finland. In light of the great importance of and real challenges in the field of early childhood education and care, the question of how to educate early childhood education teachers is highly relevant, and requires more research in, and reflection on, how these teachers are educated. This special issue draws specific attention to opportunities and challenges in ECTE, which has so far received limited research attention.

CONSTRUÇÃO DE UM CIRCUITO DE MEDIÇÃO TRANSISTORIZADO PARA O ENSINO DA FÍSICA DOS SEMICONDUTORES NO ENSINO MÉDIO

Technology has proven to be an inseparable element in modern society, reshaping the way we live, learn and interact, individually and collectively. In this context, Physics teaching prioritizes the substantive training of subjects capable of analyzing, reflecting and using scientific tools to solve everyday or technological problems. As current technologies are based on the semiconductor behavior of silicon and the various digital electronic automation, control, communication and information systems, present in various sectors of society, semiconductor physics represents important content for high school, allowing greater reach in scientific understanding and technological by the subject. Based on current scientific education paradigms, this article aims to highlight the results of a didactic proposal based on the design and construction of a transistorized water level measuring circuit by students in the 2nd year of high school at a state school, belonging to the Alagoas comprehensive education program (pALei), located in the municipality of Arapiraca, during the delivery of the Integrator Project curricular component, belonging to the program's diversified base. Throughout the development of the component, the students, divided into groups, were led to the question of monitoring the water level present in the school's water tank, being able to size the circuit, assemble it and carry out tests, solving the problem initially presented based on the theoretical contribution developed in the project, based on the principles of electrodynamics and the physics of semiconductors.

Impact of Smoking on Adolescents Development

This research investigates how smoking affects cognitive development in adolescents, emphasizing both the short-term and long-term consequences of nicotine on the brain. The research highlights the significant disruption caused by nicotine to critical brain regions such as the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, which are essential for decision-making, impulse control, and memory retention. The incidence of smoking among adolescents, particularly the rise in e-cigarette use, is attributed to targeted marketing, affordability, and accessibility. These factors exacerbate the psychological and academic challenges faced by adolescents, linking smoking to issues such as depression, anxiety, and poor academic performance. The paper emphasizes the necessity of comprehensive educational programs, parental and community involvement, and stricter regulations to curb the use of tobacco products among young people. Future research directions include establishing a causal relationship between smoking and cognitive development, conducting longitudinal studies, and integrating mental health support with smoking prevention programs. By addressing these areas, the study aims to inform public health policies and promote healthier lifestyles among adolescents.

Effect of Learning Package on Knowledge, Symptoms Severity and Quality of Life for Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic gastrointestinal condition, significantly impacts patients' quality of life, leading to severe symptoms and frequent hospitalizations. Patient education plays a crucial role in managing the disease, as improved overall well-being. Aim: Evaluate the effect of learning package on knowledge, symptoms severity and quality of life for patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Research design: A quasi-experimental research design (pre-posttest). Subjects and setting: 33 patients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease were recruited from Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology department at Aswan University Hospital within 6 months. Tools: (I): Patient's assessment Questionnaire which contained Demographic, Medical history and Knowledge Assessment sheet, (II): Symptom Severity Scale: (Modified Harvey Bradshaw Index Assessment Scale (CD) and Partial Mayo scoring index assessment scale) and (III): Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ). Results: post-intervention of the learning package, patients' knowledge level increasing from 57.6% to 84.8% (0.028), a statistically significant improvement in the ulcerative colitis activity scoring index and reduced symptom severity (0.001), the overall quality of life also saw a marked improvement, as evidenced by an increase from 63.6% to 90.9% (0.017). Furthermore, significant correlations were found between knowledge and quality of life as well as between quality of life and symptom severity (0.004). Conclusion: The application of the educational package had a significant positive effect on improving knowledge, reducing symptom severity, and enhancing quality of life. Recommendation: The integration of comprehensive educational programs for those patients should be prioritized to improve self-management, and enhance overall patient outcomes.

Australian psychologists' attitudes towards psychedelic-assisted therapy and training following a world-first drug down-scheduling.

This study explores the attitudes of psychologists towards psychedelics and psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) following the world-first regulatory changes in 2023 in Australia which permitted psilocybin and 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) to be used in clinical services. A purposive sample of 20 Australian psychologists was recruited using snowball sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted which explored participants' attitudes, knowledge and concerns about PAT. Data were coded and analysed to identify and develop theme categories. Most psychologists exhibited positive attitudes towards psychedelics and their therapeutic potential, viewing them as promising for addressing chronic mental health conditions like depression. However, there was a notable concern regarding the limited evidence on efficacy and potential adverse experiences, as well as the complexity of the individualised treatment protocol. Despite enthusiasm, many psychologists had limited detailed knowledge about the interventions themselves. The need for comprehensive education and training programs, including exposure to psychedelic experiences and credible higher education institutions, was emphasised to ensure competence in administering PAT. Psychologists displayed notably positive attitudes towards PAT, likely reflecting both shifting perceptions of psychedelics and self-selection bias within the sample. Despite this optimism, concerns were raised about psychiatric risks and the necessity for comprehensive and reputable training and supervision. The cohort showed openness to both novel treatments and innovative training methods, underscoring the importance of enhancing educational frameworks to ensure effective implementation of PAT.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis in British troops following jungle training in Belize: Cumulative incidence and potential risk practices

BackgroundBritish soldiers undergoing jungle training in Belize typically experience a relatively low risk of developing cutaneous leishmaniasis. However, an uncharacteristically large outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis occurred in 2022. This study aimed to determine the cumulative incidence of the disease and highlight potential shortcomings in personal protective measures to mitigate exposure to sand fly vector bites. MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on medical records of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases between 2005 and 2022, as well as on questionnaire responses regarding personal protective measures administered to cutaneous leishmaniasis cases in 2022. Data were sourced from Defence Public Health Unit, Military Environmental Health Department and British Army Training Support Unit Belize. ResultsEighty-one confirmed clinical cutaneous leishmaniasis cases were recorded between 2005 and 2022, with a substantial peak (38 cases) in 2022. Most cases occurred during the wet season. Pre-2022, the median cumulative incidence per 8-week deployment was 0.90 % (Q1–Q3: 0.34 %–1.34 %), with an annual variation of 0.2 % to 2.0 %. In 2022, the cumulative incidence spiked to 4.22 %, associated with a risk ratio of 5.3 (95 % C.I.s, 3.41, 8.16), and rising to a cumulative incidence of 7.3 % in a single unit of 450 men (33 cases) in late 2022. These values are significantly higher than the median cumulative incidence of all previous years, and to published reports for other cutaneous leishmaniasis -endemic regions. Troop responses identified limitations in the supply of optimal equipment, and in sand fly bite and leishmaniasis risk avoidance information provided by the pre-deployment health education programme. Compliance with health education advise was also suboptimal, with irregular use of insect repellents, protective clothing / head netting, and insecticide-treated hammocks. ConclusionsThe reasons behind the unusually high numbers of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases and cumulative incidence in 2022 remain unclear, emphasising the need to improve personal protective measures provision and implement a comprehensive health education programme for troops undergoing jungle training in Belize.

Preventive measures against HIV among Uganda's youth: Strategies, implementation, and effectiveness.

Preventing HIV among Uganda's youth is a critical public health priority due to the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS and the disproportionate burden of new infections among young people. This paper examines the preventive measures implemented to combat HIV/AIDS among Uganda's youth, focusing on strategies, implementation efforts, and the effectiveness of interventions. Comprehensive sexuality education programs have been implemented in schools and communities to provide young people with accurate information on HIV transmission, prevention methods, and reproductive health. Condom distribution and promotion campaigns target sexually active youth, while HIV testing and counseling services aim to reach youth in various settings, including health facilities and community outreaches. The implementation of HIV prevention strategies involves collaboration among government agencies, NGOs, healthcare providers, educators, and community leaders. Efforts are made to ensure that prevention programs are culturally appropriate, evidence-based, and responsive to the needs of young people. Despite progress in HIV prevention, challenges persist, including knowledge gaps, stigma, gender inequalities, and socio-economic factors. Continuous monitoring and evaluation are essential to assess the impact of interventions and identify areas for improvement. Recommendations include increasing funding for HIV prevention programs, strengthening policy frameworks, enhancing access to youth-friendly health services, integrating comprehensive sexuality education into school curricula, and fostering community engagement. By addressing these recommendations, Uganda can strengthen its HIV prevention efforts and reduce the incidence of HIV/AIDS among its youth population, ultimately contributing to improved health outcomes and well-being.

Formation of cultural identity of students as a subject of pedagogical discussion

Introduction. Geopolitical challenges of our time encourage teachers to search for optimal means to counteract the deformation of the ideological positions of students, the mixing of cultures, and the devaluation of traditional cultural and historical values. In this context, the formation of cultural identity among students and schoolchildren, which unites all-Russian and regional cultural meanings at the content level, acquires great theoretical and practical significance. As an example, the Novgorod cultural identity is given as an integrative symbol of the cultural and historical heritage of Russia and the Novgorod region. The purpose of the study is the scientific substantiation of the concepts of “cultural code” and “cultural identity” as pedagogical phenomena containing national and regional components. Materials and methods. Using theoretical methods (interdisciplinary analysis, synthesis, generalization), a study of scientific sources was carried out, which made it possible to identify the relationship between the concepts of “cultural code” and “cultural identity”. In order to determine the components and levels of formation of cultural identity among students, a survey was conducted of 327 students and schoolchildren of the Novgorod region aged 14 to 21 years. Statistical data processing was carried out using the Google Forms service. Results. Based on a theoretical analysis of scientific sources, it was established that cultural identity as a conscious position of young people can be purposefully formed by pedagogical means, and the cultural code can be generated and transmitted by various institutions of socialization. The survey data recorded a fairly high level of development of the cognitive component of the cultural identity of students and an average level of development of the affective and behavioral components. Based on the results obtained, the problematic field of cultural categories was translated into the plane of pedagogical discussion and their characteristics as social and pedagogical phenomena were given. Conclusion. The conducted research made it possible to identify the relationship between the concepts of “cultural code” and “cultural identity”, to determine the general civil and regional aspects of the cultural identity of students. The comprehensive educational program for training future teachers developed by the authors, which includes the history of education and enlightenment of the Novgorod region, the theoretical foundations of educational tourism, museum and excursion pedagogy, will be of practical interest for university teachers and school teachers who carry out educational work with students.

Immune system benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a respiratory disease characterized by pulmonary and systemic inflammation. Inflammatory mediators show relationships with shortness of breath, exercise intolerance and health related quality of life. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR), a comprehensive education and exercise training programme, is the most effective therapy for COPD and is associated with reduced exacerbation and hospitalization rates and increased survival. Exercise training, the primary physiological intervention within PR, is known to exert a beneficial anti-inflammatory effect in health and chronic diseases. The question of this review article is whether exercise training can also make such a beneficial anti-inflammatory effect in COPD. Experimental studies using smoke exposure mice models suggest that the response of the immune system to exercise training is favourably anti-inflammatory. However, the evidence about the response of most known inflammatory mediators (C-reactive protein, tumour necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, interleukin 10) to exercise training in COPD patients is inconsistent, making it difficult to conclude whether regular exercise training has an anti-inflammatory effect in COPD. It is also unclear whether COPD patients with more persistent inflammation are a subgroup that would benefit more from hypothesized immunomodulatory effects of exercise training (i.e., personalized treatment). Nevertheless, it seems that PR combined with maintenance exercise training (i.e., lifestyle change) might be more beneficial in controlling inflammation and slowing disease progress in COPD patients, specifically in those with early stages of disease.

Refining out-of-school youth sexualities empowerment programmes using a sexual and reproductive citizenship lens: the Masizixhobise toolkit

ABSTRACT Out-of-school comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) programmes are viewed by UNFPA as important in empowering youth. These programmes may, however, be critiqued for, firstly, inadvertently equating empowerment with individual agency to the exclusion of social justice; and, secondly, using the word empowerment as a self-evident signifier. We propose that empowerment be conceptualised within a critical sexual and reproductive citizenship (CSRC) framework that draws on feminist and queer re-workings of the principles of citizenship. To operationalise this conceptualisation, we developed the Masizixhobise toolkit from the five key issues outlined in the CSRC framework. The aim of the toolkit is to aid in the design and refinement of theoretically embedded empowerment CSE programmes. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of the toolkit. To do so, we analyse the Partners in Sexual Health’s (PSH) Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights facilitator’s manual. A template analysis was conducted on this manual using a priori of themes from the toolkit. We sift through the PSH manual’s alignments or misalignments with the CSRC framework and make recommendations for enhancing the empowerment components of the manual. This example may assist others in designing and refining theoretically embedded and socially just youth empowerment CSE programmes.

Development of Leadership Skills in Medical Education: Protocol for a Scoping Review.

Leadership is recognized as an essential competency in health care and science, being central for professionals to face health challenges. Few physicians feel prepared to serve as leaders in the health care environment, and few receive training in the leadership skills needed to be successful. Teaching leadership skills together with extensive, longitudinal, clinical education in an authentic and nurturing environment can effectively develop students for leadership in medicine. Studies on the subject still do not show the best way to implement it in medical education, and an updated review is necessary. The aim of this study is to identify the types of available evidence on the teaching of leadership skills in undergraduate courses in the health area, analyze them, determine knowledge gaps, and disseminate the research results. This is a scoping review that will consider studies on leadership skills in medical and health undergraduate courses. Primary studies published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese since 2019 will be considered. The search will be performed in 8 databases, and reference lists will be searched for additional studies. Duplicates will be removed, and 2 independent reviewers will examine the titles, abstracts, and full texts of the selected studies. Data extraction will be performed using a tool developed by the researchers. The scoping review is currently in progress. The preliminary database search has been completed, yielding a total of 1213 articles across multiple databases. The next stages, including deduplication, title and abstract screening, and full-text review, are scheduled to be completed by December 2024. Data extraction and analysis are expected to be finalized by March 2025, with the final report anticipated to be ready for submission by June 2025. This scoping review on leadership in the medical curriculum can significantly contribute to the literature by organizing and synthesizing the available evidence on teaching leadership skills in undergraduate courses in the health area. Furthermore, by analyzing evidence and identifying knowledge gaps, the study can provide valuable insights to develop more efficient and comprehensive medical education programs, thus preparing students to take on leadership roles in the complex environment of health care. Open Science Framework YEXKB; https://osf.io/yexkb. PRR1-10.2196/62810.

Acceptability and Fidelity of a Media Literacy Education-Based, Comprehensive Sexual Health Program for College Students: A Multi-Method Student-Centered Evaluation

The present study compares the feasibility and acceptability of two asynchronous, interactive, 2-3-hour, online interventions: Media Aware, which is a comprehensive sex education program, taught from a media literacy perspective and Health Aware, which is a comprehensive sex education program containing identical sexual health content, but no media literacy content. Among n = 649 community college students, both programs were equivalently high in program fidelity (88% completed all lessons) and acceptability (average 90% positive ratings). Qualitative analyses revealed that both programs were informative and usable, with few criticisms besides program length. Results suggest, both programs represent promising approaches to sex education for college students.

Nursing Home Palliative Care Referral Process, Barriers, and Proposed Solutions: A Qualitative Study.

Despite evidence that specialized care for seriously ill nursing home (NH) residents is needed, barriers to accessing palliative care (PC) remain. A significant issue is the complexity of the referral process that inhibits timely and equitable access to care. This qualitative descriptive study explored the PC referral process in NHs. Using rapid qualitative analysis with semi-structured interview data from NH staff, primary care, and specialty PC providers (N = 17) in six states, this study outlines a multistep referral process along with barriers and proposed solutions. Key recommendations include comprehensive PC education program development, implementation of an evidence-based PC screening tool, and the holistic integration of PC services in NHs.

Assessment of ICU nurses' competency towards delirium among critically ill patients.

ICU nurses play a critical role in managing delirium in critically ill patients, yet their competency in this area remains under-explored. To assess ICU nurses' competency including their knowledge, practice, and attitudes toward delirium among critically ill patients. A correlational descriptive study was conducted with 67 nurses in the medical intensive care unit at Suez Canal University Hospitals. Data was collected using an online survey and analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation. Nurses showed a moderate knowledge level (M = 8.55), a low practice level (M = 6.62), and positive attitudes (M = 21.65) toward ICU delirium. ANOVA results indicated significant differences in practice scores based on educational level, F (2, 64) = 3.361, p = .041, and in knowledge scores based on ICU experience, F(3, 63) = 6.455, p < .001. Nurses with Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) degrees had higher practice scores than those with diplomas or Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) degrees. There were no significant differences in knowledge and attitude scores based on educational level or age. Gender differences were minimal, with male nurses slightly outperforming female nurses. Correlation analysis showed positive relationships between age, education, ICU experience, and ICU nurses' levels of knowledge and practice. ICU nurses demonstrate a knowledge-practice gap in delirium management. Targeted educational interventions, mentorship programs, and a focus on practical skills are essential to enhance delirium care. These findings highlight the urgent need for comprehensive delirium education and training programs for ICU nurses. By improving nurses' knowledge and practice, healthcare organizations can significantly enhance the early detection, prevention, and management of delirium, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes and reduced length of stay in the ICU.

Technological Transformation and Student Engagement in Tennis Training: Basis for Strengthening Sports Educational Program

The researcher aimed to examine how technological transformations impacted student engagement in tennis training at selected Chinese schools and strengthened sports educational programs. They sought to evaluate respondents' profiles, their assessment of technological transformations in tennis training, and the influence of these changes on student engagement, while also exploring potential differences based on respondent profiles and designing effective sports programs based on the study's findings. The researcher used a descriptive correlational research and quantitative method and utilized teachers or coaches and students of the selected universities and colleges in China such as the Yulin Normal University, Guilin Normal College and Guangxi Normal University. The study found that while technological transformations in tennis training were only slightly implemented and had a moderate impact on student engagement, there were notable differences in assessments based on gender, role, and age. To enhance student engagement, it is crucial to design a more comprehensive sports educational program that effectively integrates technology. Furthermore, to improve student engagement in sports education, schools should design and implement targeted, inclusive technology integration strategies that address the needs of diverse demographics, provide effective training, and continuously assess and adapt technological tools based on feedback.