This case study presents a comprehensive psychoeducational assessment of LY, a 10-year-old boy diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), whose most significant challenge lies in a profound verbal comprehension deficit. Using the Hierarchy of Abilities and Skills model as a conceptual framework, a multi-method, multi-informant battery of assessments was administered to evaluate LY’s cognitive, sensory, adaptive, and socio-emotional functioning. Results revealed a highly uneven cognitive profile, with exceptional working memory and visual-spatial skills contrasted by severely impaired verbal reasoning and adaptive social communication. Sensory processing difficulties, particularly in the areas of avoidance and heightened sensitivity, were found to significantly impact LY’s emotional regulation and peer interaction. Diagnostic tools (e.g., ADOS-2 and ADI-R) confirmed the presence of ASD, and discrepancies between parent and teacher ratings highlighted the influence of environmental and contextual factors on behavior presentation. An Individualised Intervention Plan (IIP) is proposed, incorporating Educational Therapy, Speech and Language Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Behavior-Based Therapy, and Social Skills Training, alongside school accommodations and caregiver support. This case underscores the importance of individualised, multidisciplinary approaches in supporting children with complex neurodevelopmental profiles.

Cortical Control Mechanisms of Auditory Comprehension and Verbal Expression Deficits in Post-Stroke Aphasia Patients Based on the Naturalistic Paradigm

Data-driven cognitive subtypes in major depressive disorder: Grey matter atrophy in the left fusiform gyrus and cerebellum.

This study examines how language skills impact the oral reading abilities of the learners. It underscores the critical role of early language development in fostering literacy. The study investigates the relationships between listening, speaking, vocabulary, and comprehension skills and their influence on reading fluency and accuracy. Various data collection methods were employed, including assessments, reading evaluations, and teacher observations. The sample consisted of 30 purposively selected parents of Grade One students. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, weighted mean, and Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r). The findings revealed that learners with stronger language skills generally demonstrated better oral reading abilities, emphasizing the strong link between language development and literacy. Conversely, deficits in vocabulary and comprehension were found to impede reading performance. The study highlights the need for targeted language development interventions to promote early reading success. It recommends incorporating language enrichment activities into the curriculum and offering specific support for students who require additional assistance. By exploring the connection between language skills and reading proficiency, the research provides valuable insights for educators, curriculum designers, and policymakers focused on improving literacy outcomes for young learners.

Lewy body diseases, including Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, often involve mild cognitive impairment at diagnosis (mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies (MCI-LB). Language dysfunction in MCI-LB patients is often unrecognized. This study aimed to assess syntactic comprehension deficits in MCI-LB patients and to explore their neural correlates. A total of 25 MCI-LB patients (mean ± sd: 72 ± 5.6 years old, 10 women) and 25 healthy controls (HC, mean ± sd: 66 ± 4.0 years old, 12 women) performed task functional MRI Test of Sentence Comprehension (ToSC). Functional connectivity was analysed using psychophysiological interaction (PPI) method, focusing on the striatum and language networks. MCI-LB patients had lower ToSC scores than HC (MCI-LB: 74.7 ± 15.7, HC: 88.5 ± 9.0, P < 0.001) and their PPI analysis revealed decreased connectivity from the striatum to the cuneus, precuneus, and left supramarginal gyrus, and reduced connectivity particularly in the dorsal pathway during noncanonical (syntactically more complex) sentence processing. Taken together, in this cross-sectional study MCI-LB patients showed impaired sentence comprehension related to decreased subcortical-cortical and dorsal language network connectivity. Specific changes in frontotemporal connectivity in MCI-LB might be a promising indicator of language related cognitive impairment in these a-synucleinopathies.

The purpose of this study is to develop an accurate test scale for vocabulary comprehension ability applicable to Mandarin-speaking preschool children aged 3-5. First, an initial scale was developed and evaluated using the expert consultation method. Subsequently, 490 typically developing 3-5-year-old Mandarin-speaking children were selected as subjects through convenience sampling, and individual tests were conducted in the form of 'following instructions to point to target pictures'. A formal scale was formed through item analysis, reliability analysis and validity analysis of the test scores. Finally, developmental norms for vocabulary comprehension ability in these children were established based on classification criteria of age and gender. This study developed an accurate test scale for vocabulary comprehension ability in Mandarin-speaking preschool children aged 3-5, consisting of 30 nouns, 20 verbs and 30 adjectives. The results showed that the item difficulty for each word category was moderate (0.54-0.59), with good discriminability (0.60-0.70>0.40) and the biserial correlation coefficients (0.457-0.774) all reached a significant level (all p<0.05). The homogeneity reliability (0.825-0.846>0.70), split-half reliability (0.817-0.854>0.70) and test-retest reliability (0.812-0.832>0.70) were all high. The construct validity was good (the correlation coefficients between dimensions were 0.497-0.574>0.4; the correlation coefficients between each dimension and the total score were 0.749-0.846>0.7, all p<0.05). The criterion validity was also good (the correlation coefficients with PPVT-R were 0.721-0.794>0.70, all p<0.05). Based on the results of the formal scale, developmental norms for vocabulary comprehension ability in Mandarin-speaking preschool children were established based on age and gender. The accurate test scale for vocabulary comprehension ability in Mandarin-speaking preschool children aged 3-5 developed in this study can provide a scientific tool for screening and dynamic monitoring of vocabulary comprehension ability in typically developing children, and also serve as a basis for accurate assessment, early intervention and rehabilitation treatment of vocabulary comprehension disorders in special children. What is already known on this subject Vocabulary comprehension is the foundation of vocabulary acquisition, and it is of great significance to conduct regular assessments of vocabulary comprehension ability development for Mandarin-speaking preschool children. However, existing assessment tools have obvious limitations in terms of the breadth of content coverage, the accuracy of functional positioning, and the timeliness of norms, making it difficult to comprehensively and dynamically reflect the developmental level of children's vocabulary comprehension ability. What this paper adds to existing knowledge Accurate assessment is the foundation for clinical evaluation and early intervention of vocabulary comprehension deficits in children. To address the limitations of existing tools, this study integrated widely used clinical language assessment instruments and paradigms for Mandarin-speaking preschool children. Guided by the developmental patterns and characteristics of vocabulary acquisition, we constructed an accurate vocabulary comprehension assessment scale for Mandarin-speaking children aged 3-5, comprising 30 nouns, 20 verbs and 30 adjectives. Furthermore, based on the formal scale's results, we established developmental norms stratified by age and gender, providing a standardized reference for accurate assessment. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? The assessment scale developed in this study can not only meet the needs of screening and longitudinal monitoring of vocabulary comprehension in typically developing children, but also provide a basis for accurate assessment of vocabulary comprehension disorders in special children (e.g., developmental language disorder, autism spectrum disorder). By providing quantifiable benchmarks, it establishes an empirical foundation for tailored early intervention and rehabilitation planning, thereby bridging theoretical rigor with clinical utility.

As mobile reading surges in China, platforms increasingly deploy AI-generated summaries to mitigate information overload. This study examines, among Chinese mobile readers, how summary type (AI vs. human vs. none) shapes engagement (reading time, click-through), comprehension, and trust, and when skepticism toward AI translates into opening the full article. We conducted an explanatory, mixed-methods, within-subjects experiment ( N = 47 ) in which adults in China read six Chinese-language news articles (technology, health, lifestyle) on their own smartphones under three conditions: AI summary + “Read Full,” Human summary + “Read Full,” and No summary (full text). We logged reading time, click-through, and scroll depth; administered five-item comprehension quizzes and trust/completeness scales after each article; analyzed outcomes using repeated-measures ANOVA, linear mixed-effects models, and logistic regression; and thematically analyzed open-ended responses. Human-written summaries received higher trust and perceived completeness than AI-generated summaries, yet click-through rates were comparable (AI: 81.9% vs. Human: 72.3%). Providing the full text upfront yielded the highest comprehension; choosing to open the full article after viewing a summary largely eliminated the comprehension deficit. Topic relevance moderated the relationship between trust and click-through (lower trust increased opening only when relevance was high), and domain knowledge attenuated the comprehension penalty of summary-only reading. In on-the-go mobile contexts, an attitude-behavior gap emerges: readers who express low trust in AI summaries often still rely on them when perceived time costs of full-article reading are high. For mobile HCI and news design, clearly label AI provenance with brief coverage disclaimers, offer adaptive/layered summaries that expand based on interest signals or in high-stakes domains, and provide strategic verification prompts that nudge readers to open the full article when depth and accuracy matter.

This study investigated how simulated ophthalmic visual field deficits affect visual attention and economic information processing. Using webcam-based eye tracking, 227 participants with normal vision recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk were assigned to control, central vision loss, peripheral vision loss, or scattered vision loss simulation conditions. Participants viewed economic stimuli of varying complexity while eye movements, cognitive load, and comprehension were measured. All deficit conditions showed altered oculomotor behaviors. Central vision loss produced the most severe impairments: 43.6% increased fixation durations, 68% longer scanpaths, and comprehension accuracy of 61.2% versus 87.3% for controls. Visual deficits interacted with information complexity, showing accelerated impairment for complex stimuli. Mediation analysis revealed 47% of comprehension deficits were mediated through altered attention patterns. Cognitive load was significantly elevated, with central vision loss participants reporting 84% higher mental demand than controls. These findings demonstrate that visual field deficits fundamentally alter economic information processing through both direct perceptual limitations and compensatory attention strategies. Results demonstrate the feasibility of webcam-based eye tracking for studying simulated visual deficits and suggest that different types of simulated visual deficits may require distinct information presentation strategies.

Examining Sentence Comprehension Deficit and its Relationship With Production Measures of Mean Length of Utterance and Mean Length of Sentence in Persian-speaking Adults with Agrammatism

Introduction. The article examines the specifics of cognitive activity of students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in the course of mastering natural science disciplines, including the process of performing mathematical tasks. The necessity of a differentiated approach in teaching, taking into account the cognitive sphere of this category of children, is substantiated in order to increase the capabilities of each student in mastering the program material. Categories of errors and difficulties are identified, reflecting the special problems that arise in the educational activity of children with ASD and requiring systematic pedagogical work.Materials and methods. The theoretical part of the study is based on the analysis of scientific publications devoted to the peculiarities of the development of natural sciences by students with ASD. The data of own empirical research based on the analysis of the results of annual control works in mathematics performed by students with ASD, studying in the fourth, sixth and eighth grades of a general education school, are given. The works of 55 students with ASD aged 11-16 years old, studying according to the variant of the adapted educational program 8.2, intended for children with ASD, who do not have intellectual disabilities, are considered. The study also used data from questionnaires filled out by teachers who conducted the tests. Thus, the study is based on a synthesis of scientific literature and a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results obtained through empirical research.Results. A summary of current research data has identified two main categories of cognitive challenges faced by children with ASD that must be taken into account when teaching them science: difficulties related to executive function deficits and difficulties related to verbal comprehension and social perception deficits. These two categories account for almost half of the errors made by students with ASD in math tests. The article provides an overview of the main types of errors in each category. In addition, the results of an empirical study showed that the proportion of errors related to executive function deficits decreases over the course of education, as does the proportion of "non-specific" errors for children with ASD, which are related to a lack of knowledge and computational skills. However, the proportion of errors caused by deficits in verbal comprehension and social perception increases from year to year.Discussion and conclusions. The data of the empirical study based on the assessment of errors and difficulties in the performance of students with ASD of control works in mathematics, allowed to analyze their specificity and assign to different categories. At the same time, the difficulties of one of the identified categories, associated with the deficiencies of verbal understanding and social perception, were the most stable and, accordingly, require special attention of teachers at all stages of education of children with ASD. By summarizing and analyzing the data obtained from the teachers' questionnaires, it was possible to identify a set of methods and techniques aimed at systematically addressing the challenges faced by children with ASD in the process of learning science subjects. The results of the study indicate that methods and techniques aimed at improving verbal understanding and social perception are the most relevant, as these specific problems for students with ASD are the most resistant to pedagogical interventions in our study.

Background/Objectives: Auditory sentence comprehension often remains impaired in individuals with post-stroke aphasia despite recovery in word-level comprehension. Neuroimaging studies have identified a left perisylvian network, especially temporal regions, as central to sentence comprehension, while the role of left frontal areas and specific white matter tracts remains debated. This study uses advanced fixel-based analysis (FBA) of diffusion MRI to precisely map white matter alterations related to complex sentence comprehension deficits in subacute Mandarin-speaking aphasic patients, addressing gaps from prior voxel-based and English-specific research. Methods: Twenty-three right-handed native Mandarin speakers with subacute (1–6 months post-onset) single left-hemisphere strokes underwent diffusion MRI. Standard preprocessing and FBA were conducted. Whole-brain linear regression assessed associations between fiber density and cross-section (FDC) and non-canonical sentence comprehension, controlling for age, education, time post-stroke, and verb comprehension. Mean FDC was calculated for each tract containing at least one significant fixel identified by FBA. Partial Spearman’s correlations examined relationships between mean FDC values within these tracts and comprehension accuracy for each sentence type, controlling for the same covariates. Results: Canonical sentences were comprehended significantly better than non-canonical sentences. FBA identified significant positive correlations between FDC and non-canonical sentence comprehension in the left superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF II and SLF III), arcuate fasciculus (AF), middle longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and the isthmus and splenium of the corpus callosum. Fiber density reduction primarily drove reductions in FDC, whereas reductions in fiber cross-section were limited to dorsal tracts (SLF III and AF). Conclusions: This study highlights a distributed left perisylvian white matter network critical for complex sentence comprehension in Mandarin speakers, refining neurocognitive models by identifying specific white matter substrates and demonstrating FBA’s utility in aphasia research.

Little research has studied verb inflection and argument structure complexity effects in teenagers with developmental language disorders (DLDs). However, verb production and comprehension deficits that characterize younger children with DLD might persist over time. Seventeen French-speaking teenagers with DLD and seventeen controls (typical language, TL group) were tested with fLEX, an application designed to assess lexical and inflectional production and comprehension of three different verb types: intransitives, transitives and ditransitives, i.e., verbs that require none, one or two overt complements. Participants performed three tasks: action naming, sentence production and sentence comprehension involving third singular and plural present tense. Both groups performed similarly on action naming. Subject–verb agreement errors characterized participants with DLD both in sentence production and comprehension; however, verb–argument structure had no effect on any of the tasks. These results characterize verb deficits in teenagers with DLD as affecting inflectional processes rather than lexical ones: they are found in production and comprehension, persist until adolescence and are thus a target for evaluation and intervention in French-speaking teenagers. Results are discussed from a cross-linguistic perspective and in light of current theories on DLD.

Executive function in children with signs of specific learning disorders.

Aphasia is a language network disorder caused by organic brain lesions, which severely affects patients' daily communication and interaction. The therapeutic effect of conventional rehabilitation training alone is limited. Currently, Theta Burst Stimulation (TBS) is a novel therapeutic modality of repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) and is a commonly used patterned rTMS. It appears in the form of burst waves and mimics the natural firing pattern of hippocampal neurons under Theta rhythm. Based on rTMS, TBS embeds a pattern in which three 50 Hz pulse bursts are inserted into a 5 Hz pulse train. This stimulation pattern can induce cortical plasticity in a shorter period of time and is gradually being applied in the treatment of aphasia. Auditory comprehension, as the initial component of language input, involves the reception and storage of linguistic signals, as well as the analysis and integration of lexical semantics. The recovery of this ability plays a prerequisite role in the functional improvement of patients with post-stroke aphasia (PSA). In recent years, research on aphasia has mainly focused on speaking, reading, and writing abilities, with relatively less attention paid to auditory comprehension. Therefore, this article reviews the research progress related to the use of TBS in treating auditory comprehension in aphasia, aiming to provide new ideas and references for the clinical selection of TBS stimulation protocols.

ObjectiveThe postictal period provides an opportunity to investigate the pathophysiology underlying aphasia and recovery following epileptic seizures. This study examines postictal aphasia in stereo‐electroencephalography (SEEG)‐explored patients to identify brain regions associated with task‐specific language deficits using signal complexity analysis.MethodsWe evaluated video‐SEEG‐recorded focal seizures with and without postictal aphasia in patients with SEEG‐confirmed hemispheric language dominance. SEEG traces were analyzed using permutation entropy (PE), with the postictal period quantified by a PE‐based metric, the Postictal Alteration Time (PAT). Brain region PAT was correlated with language function recovery (eg, repetition). Electro‐clinical recuperation was also assessed within the dorsal‐ventral language stream framework. Additionally, a bedside testing battery was developed to evaluate postictal aphasia severity and task‐specific deficits.ResultsA total of 322 seizures from 98 patients were analyzed. Seizures with postictal aphasia had longer PAT than those without. Task‐specific language recovery correlated with regional PAT (eg, naming – middle temporal gyrus). Moreover, the dorsal stream recovered faster than the ventral stream. Additionally, the Postictal Aphasia Scale (PAS) was developed, evaluating naming, reading, repetition, and comprehension (verbal and written) and automatic speech. Higher PAS scores (indicating milder deficits) correlated with faster regional complexity recovery. At 5 and 10 minutes postictally, PAS revealed a global aphasia pattern, with comprehension deficits gradually resolving. By 15 minutes, aphasia was primarily production‐related, particularly affecting naming.InterpretationThis study provides new insights into the pathophysiology of postictal aphasia and introduces PAS as a tool for assessing postictal aphasia severity and domain‐specific deficits, aiding surgical planning and rehabilitation. ANN NEUROL 2025;98:1080–1095

This study presents the design of a mobile application for quantifying eye movements and assessing signs of dyslexia or reading comprehension deficits using eye-tracking technology. The application captures eye movement data every 0.5 seconds, filters blinks, and considers head position, utilizing image processing algorithms and machine learning techniques with MediaPipe for facial tracking. Tested on Android devices, the system accurately distinguishes typical from atypical eye movement patterns, providing valuable diagnostic insights. This tool offers an accessible and cost-effective solution for the preliminary diagnosis of dyslexia in primary school students, contributing to early detection and improved educational support. A future project will be aimed at validating this APP in primary school students, especially in countries with significant reading comprehension deficits.

Semantic behavioural variant (also referred to as right temporal) frontotemporal dementia is a newly described syndrome associated with predominant right anterior temporal lobe atrophy and a distinctive combination of behavioural and semantic changes. It is considered the right-sided counterpart of semantic variant primary progressive aphasia, with which it has overlapping neuropathological and cognitive mechanisms. Although more is known about how brain network alterations relate to both losses (e.g. word comprehension deficits) and increases (e.g. hyper-fluency) in cognitive and behavioural processes in the left-sided semantic progressive aphasia, less is known about these phenomena in the right-sided semantic behavioural variant. In this study, we investigated functional connectivity within the right counterparts of established ventral and dorsal cortical speech and language networks and their relationship to specific clinical manifestations in individuals with the semantic behavioural variant. We hypothesized that socioemotional-semantic deficits would be associated with reduced connectivity in the right ventral semantic network, while heightened behavioural manifestations, such as hyper-focus on specific interests (also referred to as rigidity), would be associated with increased connectivity in the right dorsal network. Using seed-based intrinsic connectivity analyses of functional MRI data and cognitive scores from 22 individuals with semantic behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia and 48 cognitively normal individuals, we measured intrinsic connectivity strength in networks anchored in the right anterior middle temporal gyrus (ventral network) and in the right opercular inferior frontal gyrus (dorsal network). Functional connectivity values were then correlated with cognitive and behavioural measurements, controlling for global atrophy. Compared to the control group, individuals with semantic behavioural variant exhibited reduced connectivity in the right ventral network (t = 2.7, P = 0.003), which was associated with socioemotional-semantic deficits (r = 0.47, P = 0.03), as measured by standardized tests. Conversely, increased functional connectivity was observed in the spared right dorsal network (t = 4.26, P < 0.001), which correlated with higher scores for hyper-focus on fixed interests, as measured by retrospective ratings of medical notes (r = 0.63, P = 0.002). Together with previous evidence, these findings suggest that in individuals with predominant anterior temporal lobe atrophy, greater expression of behaviours such as hyper-focus is associated with altered functional dynamics within networks that remain relatively spared by the disease process. This highlights the complex interplay between damaged and spared networks in shaping the clinical manifestations of semantic behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia.

Sarcopenia and malnutrition are prevalent among elderly patients with gastric cancer, significantly impairing recovery and quality of life (QoL). Effective interventions targeting both nutritional and physical deficiencies are critical. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a home-based exercise combined with nutritional care intervention in improving nutritional status, patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) scores, and QoL among elderly patients with gastric cancer and sarcopenia. A retrospective evaluation was conducted on 126 elderly patients (aged ≥ 65 years) with gastric cancer and sarcopenia between January 2021 and December 2023. Patients were divided into two groups: the observation group (n = 61) received a home-based exercise combined with nutritional care intervention, while the control group (n = 65) received standard oncological nursing care. Nutritional status was assessed using biomarkers (albumin, prealbumin, transferrin) and PG-SGA scores, while QoL was measured using the Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74 (GQOLI-74). Data was analyzed using independent t-tests and Chi-square tests, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Baseline characteristics were comparable between the groups (P > 0.05). Following the intervention, the observation group exhibited significantly greater improvements in nutritional biomarkers compared to the control group: albumin (41.80 ± 5.45 g/L vs. 32.25 ± 5.37 g/L, t = 9.905, P < 0.001), prealbumin (288.59 ± 25.95 mg/L vs. 219.20 ± 23.05 mg/L, t = 15.89, P < 0.001), and transferrin (2.28 ± 0.28 g/L vs. 1.77 ± 0.23 g/L, t = 11.20, P < 0.001). The observation group's PG-SGA scores decreased significantly (1.28 ± 0.28 vs. 4.33 ± 0.56 in the control group, t = 38.28, P < 0.001). QoL scores in physical, psychological, social, and material life domains also showed substantial improvements in the observation group compared to the control group (P < 0.001 for all). The home-based exercise combined with nutritional care intervention significantly enhanced nutritional status, reduced PG-SGA scores, and improved QoL in elderly patients with gastric cancer and sarcopenia. This integrated approach demonstrates its value as an effective strategy for comprehensive cancer care, addressing both physical and nutritional deficits to optimize recovery outcomes.

ABSTRACT Recent wars, pandemics, global warming, healthcare crises, and economic strain have profoundly affected the socio‐economic‐environmental conditions of many developed &amp; developing countries, impacting the triple bottom line. In response, governments are striving to address these challenges through the 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs). However, the United Nations (UN) SDGs mid‐term review report has recently attracted attention in response to the urgent call for action against countries' poor performance. Despite ongoing research on SDGs, the existing body of work is scattered. There is a crucial deficit in comprehension regarding the evolution of this research domain, as well as the prevailing research's fundamental focus and implicit assumptions. This study employs bibliometric and content analysis to comprehensively examine the contemporary status of research. The study examines influential works, intellectual structures, and research gaps using citation networks, bibliographic coupling, and thematic mapping. Analyzing 779 documents from January 2001 to February 2024, this study found that research interest surged significantly after 2014 and again in 2023. The United States and China are the leading contributors, whereas African and North Asian countries require greater focus. Furthermore, South Asian institutions and authors are at the forefront of contributions to sustainable development research. Developing countries increasingly emphasize rapid growth coupled with sustainable practices to strengthen the three pillars of the triple bottom line. Keyword analysis indicates that the primary focus areas are life cycle assessment, reverse logistics, social sustainability, circular economy, Industry 4.0, and sustainable business models. Further, within the content analysis, the comparative study of the top 50 cited documents and UN mid‐term SDGs review report advocates for future research on sustainability practices such as lean manufacturing, reverse logistics, life cycle assessment, supply chain management, integration of advanced technologies, and reporting quality to enhance business responsiveness toward society. The results of this study may aid scholarly research, managers, and policymakers in adopting sustainable methodologies, promoting a more enduring future.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related primary progressive aphasia (PPA) exhibits considerable heterogeneity in clinical presentation and neuroimaging patterns. No studies have quantitatively assessed cerebral perfusion patterns or systematically evaluated the internal heterogeneity of linguistic and neuroimaging features in this population. This study aimed to investigate cerebral hypoperfusion patterns and elucidate their correlation with diverse linguistic features in patients with AD-related PPA using a data-driven approach. Eleven patients with AD-related PPA and 34 with non-AD-related PPA were categorized based on cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, and their single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) data were analyzed. Cerebral hypoperfusion was assessed across 56 regions of interest (ROIs) covering the entire cerebral hemisphere. Sparse principal component (sPC) analysis was performed on the AD-related PPA group to identify distinct patterns of cerebral perfusion reduction and correlate these components with clinical assessments of linguistic abilities. AD-derived sPCs were identified, reflecting hypoperfusion patterns in the left temporoparietal, frontal, and temporal pole regions, corresponding to regions typically associated with logopenic, nonfluent, and semantic variants. In both AD-PPA and non-AD-PPA, the sPC corresponding to the anterior temporal region was associated with semantic comprehension deficits, whereas that corresponding to the frontal region was linked to nonfluent speech and Kana writing impairment. sPC-based hierarchical clustering revealed clusters corresponding to logopenic, nonfluent, and semantic variants, with the anomic subtype distinguished from logopenic PPA. AD-positive cases were distributed across these clusters, emphasizing AD-PPA heterogeneity. These findings suggested that AD-related PPA heterogeneity is reflected in distinct cerebral perfusion patterns, which correlate with varying linguistic deficits.