Compounds Myrcene Research Articles

Effects of sucrose concentration and membrane filter number on the growth and volatile compounds of micropropagated Lippia rotundifolia Cham. plantlets

Lippia rotundifolia Cham. is a medicinal species, native to Brazilian mountainous regions, with leaves rich in monoterpenes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of sucrose in MS medium with a natural ventilation system using porous membranes on the growth and contents of volatile compounds in L. rotundifolia plantlets. The experimental design was completely randomized, with 12 treatments, consisting of a factorial system of four ventilation systems and three sucrose concentrations. The treatments were a system with no porous membrane (NMS) and three natural ventilation systems (AMS) containing one, two, and four porous membranes. The sucrose concentrations were 0, 15, and 30 g L −1 . The natural ventilation systems were superior to NMS. The natural ventilation system with two and four porous membranes and 15 g L −1 sucrose in MS medium led to higher in vitro growth rates in L. rotundifolia . AMS using manufactured porous membranes was found to be a more efficient in vitro cultivation method than NMS. The ventilation system with four porous membranes and a sucrose concentration of 15 g L −1 was the most efficient, since an increase in the photosynthetic rate and less evaporative water loss were observed in this ventilation system. Volatile organic content was influenced by ventilation systems and sucrose concentrations. Major compounds myrcene, limonene, myrcenone and ocimenone were identified. AMS4 and presence of sucrose (15 and 30 g L −1 ) increased the myrcene and ocimenone content. The myrcenone content was favored by NMS without sucrose. Overall, the alternative membrane system with 15 g L −1 of sacarose can be recommended in the in vitro culture method of L. rotundifolia. • Alternative membrane systems enhancement dry weight of plantlets. • Four membrane filters without sucrose and 15 g L −1 promote an increase in leaf area. • Myrcene and ocimenone content increase using four membrane filters and sucrose. • Nonporous membrane system without sucrose have a higher myrcenone content.

Development of cheese wrapped in barks of reforestation trees

ABSTRACTThis study aimed at evaluating the effect of ripening of cheeses in contact with bands of reforestation tree barks, similar to the ripening process of the swiss Vacherin Mont D’or® cheese. The treatments consisted of the side wrapping of cheeses during ripening in band of barks of Eucalyptus grandis, Pinus elliottii, Cupressus lusitanica and a control treatment. Physicochemical and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry analyses were carried out along with a sensory analysis. It was observed that in cheeses ripened in bark of Pinus elliottii the compounds camphene and β-pinene were the major terpenoids identified, while in the cheeses wrapped in barks of Cupressus lusitanica, the compounds myrcene, limonene and α-pinene were the most abundant terpenoids. The sensory analysis indicated that is possible to use the Eucalyptus grandis and Cupressus lusitanica barks as a way to take recycle byproducts of the wood industries and improving sensory attributes.

Margotia gummifera essential oil as a source of anti-inflammatory drugs

As part of our ongoing study on the valorization of aromatic plants, the present study was designed to elucidate the composition, scavenging potential, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxicity of Margotia gummifera essential oils.Umbels were submitted to hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus and the oils were analyzed by GC and GC–MS. For the anti-inflammatory activity, an in vitro model of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages was used and the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production was quantified through the Griess reagent, in the presence of the essential oil or its main compounds. NO scavenging potential was assessed using an NO donor and the cytotoxicity was evaluated on macrophages, keratinocytes and alveolar epithelial cells.The oils were characterized by high contents of monoterpene hydrocarbons, being the major compounds myrcene (20.4–23.0%) and sabinene (21.0–23.5%). The oil, myrcene and sabinene significantly inhibited NO production without affecting cell viability and showed a very effective NO scavenging potential, sabinene being the most active compound.These results suggest that M. gummifera essential oil, sabinene and myrcene should be explored as a natural source of new antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drugs for the development of food supplements, nutraceuticals or plant-based medicines.

Attraction of the West Indian fruit fly to mango fruit volatiles

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the attraction of West Indian fruit fly, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) (Diptera: Tephritidae), to volatiles of three mango [Mangifera indica L. (Anacardiaceae)] cultivars in field cage tests. The number of flies captured with Multilure traps baited with Amate mature green mangoes was significantly higher than that captured in traps baited with Coche and Ataulfo fruits. There was no significant difference between the number of flies captured in traps baited with Coche or Ataulfo mangoes. Gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry analysis of mango fruit volatiles identified 24, 22, and 19 compounds for Amate, Ataulfo, and Coche mango cultivars, respectively. A principal component analysis of the volatiles revealed that the Amate mango was more distant from the Ataulfo mango, and the latter cultivar was closer to the Coche mango. The compounds myrcene, α‐pinene, β‐selinene, and trans‐β‐ocimene were the most abundant in Amate mangoes, whereas 3‐carene, β‐selinene, terpinolene, and α‐pinene were the predominant compounds of Ataulfo cultivars. In the Coche mango, the predominant compounds were 3‐carene, β‐selinene, terpinolene, and limonene. Traps baited with a blend of myrcene, α‐pinene, and trans‐β‐ocimene captured more A. obliqua females and males than control traps. Flies were more attracted to the Super Q volatile extracts of Amate mango than to the three‐component blend formulated in a ratio of 1:1:1. However, there was no significant difference between the number of flies caught by traps baited with Amate mango extracts and that caught by traps baited with the three‐blend component when this was formulated according to the relative proportions in the mango extracts. Traps baited with myrcene, the major component, caught fewer flies than traps baited with Amate mango extracts.

New terpene hydrocarbons from the alligatoridae (crocodylia, reptilia).

The contents of the paracloacal gland secretions of the alligatorids Alligator mississippiensis, A. sinensis, Paleosuchus palpebrosus, and P. trigonatus were investigated. Novel acyclic hydrocarbon terpenes with a rare trisubstituted 2,4-diene system were identified in the secretions of A. sinensis, P. palpebrosus, and P. trigonatus. The structures of the monoterpene (2E,4E)-3,7-dimethyl-2,4-octadiene (9) and the sesquiterpene (2E,4E,7S)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,4-dodecadiene (14) were proven by synthesis and gas chromatography on a chiral phase. Several other new terpenes (11, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20) related to these components also were present in the secretions, as well as the known compounds myrcene (6), (E)-beta-farnesene (4), (E)-beta-springene (3), squalene (5), cembrene A (1), and 11,12-dihydrocembren-10-one (2).

Products of the OH radical‐ and O3‐initiated reactions of myrcene and ocimene

We have investigated products formed from the gas‐phase reactions of OH radicals and O3 (at 296 ± 2 K and 740 Torr total pressure of purified air) with the biogenic organic compounds myrcene and ocimene, using gas chromatographic analyses. In addition to the formation of acetone the OH radical reaction with myrcene in the presence of NO resulted in the formation of 4‐vinyl‐4‐pentenal in 19 ± 4% yield, while the corresponding ocimene reaction showed no formation of the analogous product 4‐methyl‐3,5‐hexadienal (<2% yield). The O3 reactions with myrcene and ocimene in the presence of an OH radical scavenger formed acetone (21 ± 3%) and 4‐vinyl‐4‐pentenal (70 ± 13%) from myrene, and acetone (24 ± 4%) and 4‐methyl‐3,5‐hexadienal (33 ± 6%) from ocimene. Reaction pathways leading to these products are discussed.