Emerging trends and converging evidence in tumor evolution: A comprehensive review.

Emerging adult students face complex adaptation challenges that demand effective decision-making abilities. This study aims to examine the mediating role of depression in the relationship between resilience and decision-making styles. Using a quantitative correlational design, data were collected from 70 college students through purposive sampling. The instruments employed included the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and the General Decision-Making Style (GDMS) inventory. Mediation analysis using the PROCESS Macro Model 4 revealed that resilience was negatively correlated with depression (r = -0.612) and positively correlated with decision-making style (r = 0.559). The mediation test confirmed that depression serves as a partial mediator (indirect effect 0.419;95% CI [0.267, 0.570]). These findings underscore that resilience enhances decision-making quality both directly and indirectly by reducing depressive symptoms

In embodied artificial intelligence (AI), evolutionary search enables adaptation in complex and uncertain environments but relies on massive stochastic sampling, which in hardware is typically generated using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor pseudorandom number generators with significant power and area costs. In this paper, we present a 256-magnetic-tunnel-junction (MTJ)-based probabilistic processor as an efficient physical platform for embodied evolution. Using an Ising-based probabilistic sampler, we experimentally construct highly reconfigurable Gaussian probabilistic bits from networks of MTJ-based probabilistic bits and scale the architecture to 256 parallel generators for evolutionary mutation. We demonstrate evolved agent morphologies comparable to those obtained using an ideal software Gaussian random number generator in a robotic locomotion task. MTJ-based stochasticity further drives on-hardware selection, including a diversity-aware scheme that balances lineage diversity and fitness. Our results establish that MTJ-based probabilistic hardware is a promising low-power stochastic substrate for embodied AI and evolutionary robotics.

AIM. Development strategic base of programs primary and secondary personality preventive maintenances of the inflammatory of parodontal diseases beside patients with congenital pathology of maxillary complex. MATERIALS AND METHODS. When using anamnestic, clinical, x-ray and laboratory methods of the study were examined 35 patients of the group of the traditional prophylactic of the inflammatory parodontal diseases with congenital pathology of the upper lip and palate and 40 persons of the group of personality prophylactic of the inflammatory parodontal diseases with similar pathology at the age from 6 to 30 years. In the 1 st group when planning and undertaking action within the framework of primary and secondary prophylactic of the inflammatory parodontal diseases were used general acceptance traditional methods, realized parodontologist in respect of given contingent patients. To participant of the 2 nd group was used individual approach, which was actively developed and was used by us for 10 years amongst stationary patients with congenital disorders of maxillary complex. Clinical and laboratory diagnostics included bacterial and cytological study of the contents of teeth-gingival groove and parodontal pocket. RESULTS. Personality medical-preventive actions of parodontal nature beside patients with congenital disorders of adapted-compensatory of the reserve of maxillary complex under dynamic observation on length three years have allowed obtaining the significant reduction prevalence and intensities of parodontal pathology. Active realization of personality medical-preventive action of dentistry nature within the framework of regular checkup promoted maintenance good level hygienic condition of oral cavity, making the happy circumstances not only for liquidation all parodontal manifestations of the pathological process, but also for achievement by rack to stabilizations got result, improvement of the condition hard tissue of teeth and mucous of oral cavity. CONCLUSIONS. Active realization three stages of dispensaryzation promoted significant increasing efficiency of the revealing the persons with congenital pathology of maxillary complex, planning the individual programs of the prophylactic, full-fledged systematic observation and checking on their realization.

In plant cells, clathrin and its adaptor protein complexes at the plasma membrane (PM) and the trans-Golgi network/early endosome (TGN/EE) coordinate clathrin-mediated endocytosis and post-Golgi trafficking, processes that are essential for responses to diverse environmental cues. Previous studies show that the phytohormone auxin differentially regulates clathrin light and heavy chain (CLC and CHC, respectively) recruitment to establish the asymmetric distribution of the auxin efflux carrier PIN-FORMED2 (PIN2), thereby promoting root gravitropic responses. Our results showed that loss-of-function of the TGN/EE component protein ECHIDNA (ECH) in Arabidopsis resulted in defective root gravitropism and impaired PIN2 trafficking. We further found that membrane-associated clathrin and its adaptor protein complexes AP-1, AP-2 and the TPLATE complex were reduced at the PM and/or TGN/EE in ech mutants. Furthermore, loss of ECH function disrupted the trafficking of the auxin receptor TRANSMEMBRANE KINASE1, thereby preventing auxin-induced modulation of CLC and CHC membrane association during root gravitropism. Together, these findings suggest that ECH is essential for proper membrane localisation of clathrin and its adaptor complexes, highlighting its central role in clathrin-mediated trafficking and auxin-responsive regulation.

Unveiling the impact of atmospheric temperature on antifungal resistance and virulence factors in Candida spp. isolated from forest ecosystem.

• Weighing up urban greening and densification in established neighbourhood is complex. • Urban land use and heat-based adaptation planning can be expedited with AI support. • AI-supported methods are best combined, to balance different urban planning goals. • Transdisciplinary methods can be used to test AI-supported methods for usability. Confronted with increasing urban heat stress risks, local governments need to reconcile expanding green infrastructure for urban cooling with urban densification goals. However, the impacts of incremental urban development in established neighborhoods on urban heat stress risks remain poorly understood. We demonstrate how decision support tools using Artificial Intelligence (AI) can assist complex urban land use and climate adaptation planning. Our findings are based on an inter- and transdisciplinary research project that developed and combined novel AI-supported simulation and prediction methods, namely 3D semantic models, AI-based outdoor thermal comfort models, and optimization and scenario-based AI models. Tool development was combined with transdisciplinary research to assess the real-world application potentials of AI-supported approaches in the City of Freiburg, Germany. The article demonstrates how AI-supported methods can aide and expedite urban land use and adaptation planning to support complex decision-making that needs to balance different strategic goals and interests.

Extensive array of endogenous giant viral elements in a polar alga shows dynamic transcriptional response to abiotic stress.

How to train your rodent: Recommendations for the preclinical study of exercise-induced benefits in metabolic research.

ABSTRACT The study analyses the experiences of mobility and immobility among young Spaniards in the European Union from the perspective of liquid mobility. Using a qualitative approach based on 37 in-depth interviews, it explores the motivations, structural conditions, and challenges associated with precarious employment contexts. Although the search for autonomy and language learning drives mobility, the instability of the Spanish labour market emerges as a key factor. The fragmented, non-linear trajectories reflect complex adaptation processes and resilience constrained by a lack of institutional support. The study proposes strengthening comprehensive policies that mitigate structural causes and promote sustainable integration.

Radiologic error remains an enduring challenge in diagnostic medicine. Despite study of radiologic error since the mid-twentieth century, interpretive discrepancy rates have remained remarkably stable across modalities, institutions, and technologic eras. Moreover, despite compelling evidence that diagnostic performance is shaped by workload, feedback delays, information quality, and tradeoffs under pressure, radiology remains governed predominantly by discrepancy counting, individual remediation, and retrospective attribution. This persistence defies reductionist explanations narrowly centered on individual fallibility and highlights radiology's structural properties as a complex sociotechnical system. This Perspective reconceptualizes radiologic error through the lens of complex-adaptive systems theory whereby safety is understood as an emergent property of dynamic interactions rather than absence of individual failure. The article describes how radiology has not kept pace with epistemologic shifts in understanding error and proposes a reframing of radiologic safety grounded in adaptive capacity, resilience, and systems learning. The impact of artificial intelligence in reshaping system behavior and thereby introducing new challenges is considered. Drawing on the evolution of safety science from linear human-centric models to contemporary resilience-oriented frameworks, the analysis integrates empiric evidence on interpretive variability with theory from systems engineering, cognitive science, and organizational safety to identify conditions under which accurate diagnoses are routinely achieved.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive and treatment-refractory brain tumors. Temozolomide (TMZ) remains the standard chemotherapeutic agent but is frequently compromised by DNA-repair mechanisms, whereas tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induces apoptosis only in a subset of tumors due to strong intrinsic resistance. Here, we identify the Mu-2-related death-inducing gene (MUDENG/MuD) as the µ-subunit of adaptor protein complex 5 (AP5M1). TurboID-based proximity labeling revealed reproducible interactions with AP5B1 and AP5M1 subunits, as well as additional associations with AP1-3 complexes and nuclear proteins involved in cell-cycle regulation. These findings establish MuD as a multifunctional component of the AP5 complex that modulates cell-fate signaling in a context-dependent manner. Using MuD-mutant GBM cell lines, we demonstrate that MuD suppresses TRAIL-induced apoptosis by interfering with extrinsic and intrinsic pathways downstream of Bid, whereas it promotes TMZ-induced cytotoxicity through p53-dependent cell-cycle control and DNA-damage responses. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and functional profiling further revealed distinct MuD-associated interactomes linked to receptor endocytosis and genotoxic-stress pathways. Together, these results uncover opposing roles of MuD in TRAIL- and TMZ-mediated cell death, with MuD suppressing apoptotic signaling in response to TRAIL while modulating p53-dependent genotoxic stress responses that influence TMZ-induced cytotoxicity in glioblastoma.

Endocytosis of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is considered a key regulator of the receptor signaling activity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying EGFR endocytosis are incompletely understood. Although ligand-induced ubiquitination of EGFR is known to promote its endocytic trafficking, the importance of EGFR ubiquitination in clathrin-mediated endocytosis, the primary physiological route of EGFR internalization, remains debated, and the relative contributions of ubiquitination-dependent and -independent mechanisms are not defined. Hence, we used NX-1013, a small-molecule inhibitor of the Casitas B-lineage lymphoma-b (CBLB) E3 ubiquitin ligase, to dissect the role of EGFR ubiquitination in its endocytic trafficking and signaling. Strikingly, brief treatment with NX-1013 completely abolished EGF-induced EGFR ubiquitination, demonstrating that this process is exclusively mediated by the closely related CBLB and CBL ligases. NX-1013 inhibited clathrin-mediated internalization of activated EGFR by 60 to 70%. The remaining, ubiquitination-independent internalization required EGFR kinase activity, was highly clathrin-dependent, and was significantly impaired by depletion of the AP-2 clathrin adaptor complex. Interestingly, inhibition of CBLs and EGFR endocytosis by NX-1013 did not affect major downstream signaling pathways in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells, with the exception of Rac1 activation and EGFR-dependent cell migration, both of which were suppressed.

ObjectiveTo explore the roles, experiences and support needs of relatives of individuals who have undergone major lower extremity amputation during the early post-amputation period (0-2 years).DesignQualitative study using focus group interviews and a Research-Driven Photo Elicitation approach.SettingA 5-day psychosocial residential rehabilitation program for individuals with lower extremity amputation.ParticipantsThirty-three relatives of individuals with a major lower extremity amputation recruited through participating patients.InterventionParticipation in focus group interviews informed by photo elicitation to facilitate reflection and discussion of caregiving experiences.Main MeasuresData were analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis to identify patterns and themes related to relatives' roles and needs.ResultsOne overarching theme, The Road to a New Normal, described relatives' adaptive processes following amputation. Three subthemes were identified: (a) a gradual realisation of the long-term emotional and practical consequences of amputation; (b) challenges in supporting patients' emotional reactions, including grief and altered identity; and (c) shifting relationship dynamics, where relatives assumed caregiving roles while striving to maintain their original relational identity. Many relatives adopted a shared 'we-perspective', emphasising joint adaptation and coping.ConclusionsRelatives play a central role in post-amputation rehabilitation, and the findings highlight the complexity of relatives' adaptation following amputation. Their experiences highlight the importance of systematically involving relatives in rehabilitation through support for dyadic coping, emotional preparedness and shared goal setting to enhance outcomes for both patients and caregivers.

The ability to autonomously navigate and explore complex 3D environments in a purposeful manner, while integrating visual perception with natural language interaction in a human-like way, represents a longstanding research objective in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and embodied cognition. Vision-Language Navigation (VLN) has evolved from geometry-driven to semantics-driven and, more recently, knowledge-driven approaches. With the introduction of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs), recent methods have achieved substantial improvements in instruction interpretation, cross-modal alignment, and reasoning-based planning. However, existing surveys primarily focus on traditional VLN settings and offer limited coverage of LLM-based VLN, particularly in relation to Sim2Real transfer and edge-oriented deployment. This paper presents a structured review of LLM-enabled VLN, covering four core components: instruction understanding, environment perception, high-level planning, and low-level control. Edge deployment and implementation requirements, datasets, and evaluation protocols are summarized, along with an analysis of task evolution from path-following to goal-oriented and demand-driven navigation. Key challenges, including reasoning complexity, spatial cognition, real-time efficiency, robustness, and Sim2Real adaptation, are examined. Future research directions, such as knowledge-enhanced navigation, multimodal integration, and world-model-based frameworks, are discussed. Overall, LLM-driven VLN is progressing toward deeper cognitive integration, supporting the development of more explainable, generalizable, and deployable embodied navigation systems.

Tourism destinations exposed to chronic natural hazards require robust analytical frameworks to understand and prioritize the factors that sustain post-disaster resilience. This study examines Baños de Agua Santa (Ecuador), a volcano-exposed destination whose long recovery trajectory illustrates the complexity of socio-ecological adaptation. Using a multidimensional FAHP model grounded in expert judgments, eight dimensions and fifty-six criteria were evaluated through fuzzy triangular numbers and the extended analysis method of Chang to capture uncertainty and ambiguity in decision-making. Results show a consistent and hierarchical structure of resilience, with experiential, economic-entrepreneurial, and socio-community dimensions emerging as the most influential drivers of post-disaster adaptability. Fifteen criteria—primarily perceptual, community-based, and endogenous—achieved “very high impact” status, including risk perception, basic education, individual resilience capacities, institutional coordination, and entrepreneurial environment. Conversely, limited healthcare infrastructure, low economic diversification, and national-level vulnerabilities were identified as critical weaknesses. The study concludes that post-disaster recovery in Baños is shaped by a bottom-up dynamic that emphasizes agency, learning and socio-ecological memory. It also proposes an evidence-based Action Matrix for adaptive governance to guide prioritized, time-phased interventions. The FAHP model proves effective for transparent, context-sensitive prioritization in highly uncertain tourism environments.

Like all coronaviruses, the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 virus particles (virions) requires incorporation of the Spike glycoprotein. Yet, the mechanisms that support the virion-incorporation of Spike are incompletely defined. We noted an unusual feature of human sarbecovirus Spike proteins: their cytoplasmic domains (CDs) contain a stretch of acidic amino acids (DEDDSE). This sequence resembles a cluster of acidic residues, or acidic cluster (AC) motif, found in the cytoplasmic domain of the cellular endoprotease Furin. In Furin, the acidic cluster acts as a protein sorting signal, supporting its intracellular localization at the trans-Golgi network (TGN). We tested the contribution of the acidic cluster motif in the Spike CD to protein interactions and to the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2. We used virus-like particles (VLPs) as a model for viral “infection” (transduction). The SARS-CoV2 VLPs were produced by co-expressing Spike (S), Membrane (M), Envelope (E) and Nucleocapsid (N) proteins and deliver an RNA encoding luciferase to target cells expressing the ACE2 receptor. Remarkably, when all five acidic residues of the DEDDSE sequence were replaced with alanines, the VLPs were rendered non-infectious. The N-terminal DE residues provided most of the activity of the acidic cluster. These virologically-impaired Spike mutants were able to reach the cell surface and induce the formation of syncytia, indicating that they are fusogenic and capable of anterograde traffic through the biosynthetic pathway to the plasma membrane. Despite this, they failed to efficiently incorporate into virions. We observed acidic cluster motif-dependent interactions of the Spike CD with several cellular proteins that could potentially support its role in virion-incorporation, including the ERM proteins Ezrin, Radixin, and Moesin; the retromer subunit Vps35, and the medium subunits of the clathrin adaptor complexes AP1 and AP2. While the key cofactor and mechanism of action remains to be defined, this region of acidic residues in the Spike CD appears to be a novel determinant of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity.

The fashion industry is considered one of the world’s most detrimental industries, with significant environmental and social impacts. As consumer demands and cultural advances drive the industry’s growth, the production and consumption of clothing continues to contribute to global pollution and resource depletion. This study examines the potential of Industry 4.0 technologies to solve the environmental challenges facing the fashion industry, particularly in achieving zero waste in the manufacturing process. Through a comprehensive literature analysis of articles from reputable journals and industry sources, key Industry 4.0 technologies for reducing waste in fashion manufacturing were identified and analyzed. The findings show that technologies such as artificial intelligence and 3D technology hold great promise for increasing sustainability, efficiency and flexibility in apparel manufacturing. However, implementing Industry 4.0 solutions in the fashion industry comes with various challenges, including technological barriers, workforce adaptation and supply chain complexity. This study highlights the need for a holistic approach that addresses these challenges and provides recommendations for successful implementation. By adopting Industry 4.0 technologies and transitioning to a circular economy, the fashion industry can contribute to achieving sustainability goals and mitigating negative environmental impacts.

Starvation induces complex metabolic adaptations in skeletal muscle, a key tissue for maintaining energy homeostasis; however, these adaptations are largely impaired in obesity. How obesity alters global metabolic adaptations to starvation in skeletal muscle remains unclear. Here, we analyzed the metabolic adaptations on a trans-omics scale during starvation in skeletal muscle from wild-type (WT) and leptin-deficient obese (ob/ob) mice. We measured multi-omics data during starvation and constructed global trans-omics networks in WT and ob/ob mice. We found that starvation induces "responsiveness" in WT mice, characterized by increases or decreases in key regulator metabolites, including ATP and AMP, as well as enzyme proteins, leading to global regulation of metabolic pathways, which was lost in ob/ob mice. In contrast, during starvation, ob/ob mice exhibit "difference" in comparison to WT mice, manifested by the persistently elevated expression of metabolic enzymes. These features were similarly found in liver, another key metabolic organ. Thus, global loss of responsiveness and elevated enzyme proteins are systemic features of metabolic dysregulation in ob/ob mice.

BeWell360-PKD shows that integrating certified health and wellness coaches and augmenting patients' personal capacity as part of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease care is feasible and acceptable. Embedding BeWell360 coaches reduced care burden, improved caregiver self-efficacy, and enhanced care engagement by patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and by their informal caregivers. This aligns with evolving care standards and guidelines promoting sustainable healthy lifestyle changes through tailored, integrative behavior-change centered interventions. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) imposes substantial care burden on patients and their informal caregivers (CGs), often contributing to nonadherence and impaired quality of life. Existing care models insufficiently address the behavioral and psychosocial dimensions of this burden. To evaluate the feasibility and effect of BeWell360-PKD , a person-centered intervention integrating Health and Wellness Coaching and capacity-workload support into ADPKD care, on care burden, adherence, self-efficacy, activation, and resilience. In this 6-month, single-arm, mixed-methods pilot study, seven patient-CG dyads were enrolled from tertiary care polycystic kidney disease clinic. Board-certified Health and Wellness Coachings delivered individualized coaching within routine nephrology care, emphasizing capacity-building, goal setting, and care enactment support. Primary outcomes included changes in treatment burden (treatment burden questionnaire, ADPKD impact scale) and CG burden (burden scale for family CGs short version). Secondary outcomes included patient activation and resilience and CG self-efficacy. Semistructured interviews explored participant experiences. Patients experienced reduced treatment burden (treatment burden questionnaire mean change -9.3) and modest, domain-specific improvements in physical and fatigue-related ADPKD symptom burden. CG self-efficacy improved (+2.4), while CG burden increased (+14.8), and patient activation declined (-6.6). Qualitative themes reflected disease burden, emotional adaptation, and the perceived value of coaching in promoting behavior change and relational support. BeWell360-PKD was feasible to implement and demonstrated early signals of benefit in reducing patient burden and improving CG self-efficacy. Increased CG burden and declining activation highlight the complexity of dyadic adaptation in ADPKD and the need for larger, controlled studies to refine and tailor coaching interventions.