Complementary Elements Research Articles

DESENVOLVIMENTO DE SISTEMAS DE GESTÃO DE INFRAESTRUTURAS PARA ÁGUAS PLUVIAIS EM ZONAS URBANAS ATRAVÉS DA UTILIZAÇÃO DE GÉMEOS DIGITAIS

There are many cases in which the definition of urban space, whether due to a total disregard for the natural hydrographic network, or due to inadequate consideration of rainwater runoff, or due to soil transformation, which occurs in processes of removal or transport of sediments from the surface, leads to situations of unavailability of the use of the space, with flooding or even more serious situations with the destruction of this same urbanized space and even with human accidents. It is therefore considered of paramount importance to develop an approach in the definition of urbanization actions and construction of buildings, which addresses the issues of design and implementation of solutions to mitigate the effects of water from rainstorms, which are necessary precisely because this urban intervention has been defined. This study aims to identify and analyze the flooding at the junction between Estrada do Camama and the access road to the Agostinho Neto University Campus, in Luanda. The research involved fieldwork, historical event research, analysis of cartographic and rainfall data, with the aim of identifying the causes of the flooding and proposing duly substantiated solutions. The absence of a functional drainage system in the street was identified, the elevation of the head of the street in question was lower and there was no functional connection to the existing public drainage network, aggravated by the obstruction of the collectors with solid waste and sediment loads from the bottom. The proposed solution is based on the design of the connection to the existing public drainage network, using sedimentation tanks, grates for retaining solid waste and drainage layers as complementary elements for more effective management of the volume of water, avoiding accumulation of water on the surface.

Rethinking Economic Foundations for Sustainable Development: A Comprehensive Assessment of Six Economic Paradigms Against the SDGs

Progress toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has been disappointingly slow, raising fundamental questions about whether our dominant economic framework can deliver sustainable development outcomes. This research systematically evaluates six economic paradigms—Neoclassical Welfare Economics, Green Growth, Degrowth, Agrowth, Steady State Economics, and Doughnut Economics—against all 17 SDGs to determine which might better support sustainability transformations. Using a rigorous mixed-methods approach, we first characterize each paradigm according to key attributes, then assess their alignment with SDG objectives using a four-point scoring system. Our analysis reveals that the dominant Neoclassical Welfare Economics paradigm shows the weakest alignment with the SDGs, while alternative frameworks demonstrate significantly stronger alignment: Degrowth, Steady State Economics, Doughnut Economics, Green Growth, and Agrowth. No single paradigm fully addresses all dimensions of sustainable development, with most showing notable weaknesses in people-centered SDGs. Each paradigm demonstrates distinct complementary strengths: Green Growth in technological innovation, Degrowth in redistribution mechanisms, Steady State Economics in resource boundaries, Agrowth in redefining welfare, and Doughnut Economics in balancing social foundations with ecological ceilings. We conclude that selective integration of complementary elements from multiple paradigms offers the most promising pathway forward and propose four specific recommendations: (1) developing integrated assessment frameworks, (2) establishing experimental policy zones, (3) reforming economics education, and (4) creating context-specific transition pathways. This research provides the first comprehensive evaluation of how alternative economic paradigms align with the full spectrum of SDGs, offering crucial guidance for policymakers seeking more effective approaches to sustainable development.

Professionals' and Families' Perspectives on Essential Elements of Shared Decision-Making: A Qualitative Analysis on Families with Multiple and Enduring Problems in Integrated Youth Care.

Shared decision-making (SDM), known to improve client engagement in care and its quality, is crucial to achieve family-tailored care. However, when providing integrated youth care, SDM can be challenged by the complexity of families' problems and the multiple family members and professionals involved. Commonly used SDM models may not adequately address these specific challenges. Therefore, this qualitative study explores families' and professionals' perspectives on essential elements of SDM with families experiencing multiple and enduring problems on different life domains (e.g., mental health, parenting, financial, and social problems). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 parents, 3 youth, and 22 professionals from Specialist Integrated care Teams in four regions of the Netherlands. A framework method - comprising essential elements of SDM - was applied to systematically code the transcripts both deductively and inductively. Our study shows the nine essential elements of SDM require a specific interpretation in the context of integrated youth care, regarding the diversity of participants in decision-making, the complexity of the problems, and SDM as a continuous process of multiple decisions. In addition, families and professionals mentioned three complementary elements: (1) build collaborative relationships, (2) prioritize problems, goals and actions, and (3) interprofessional consultation. Thus, in integrated youth care professionals are recommended to consider SDM as a cyclical process of larger and smaller decisions and take time to build collaborative relationships with families and the care network. Throughout the care process families and professionals balance their mutual roles in decision-making in line with the changing needs and preferences of families.

The Role of Hadith in Enhancing Quranic Literacy

This study explores the integral role of hadith in enhancing Quranic literacy by demonstrating how prophetic traditions function as interpretive, applicative, and complementary elements to the Quranic text. Utilizing a qualitative-descriptive approach based on library research, the study examines primary Islamic sources—including classical tafsir and authenticated hadith collections—and contemporary scholarly literature. The findings show that hadith fulfills three critical functions: (1) clarifying Quranic verses through interpretive explanation (bayān al-tafsīr), (2) reinforcing Quranic commands via consistent prophetic practice (bayān al-taqrīr), and (3) providing legal elaboration on matters not explicitly addressed in the Quran (bayān al-tashrīʿ). Furthermore, hadith contextualizes revelation through the transmission of asbāb al-nuzūl and serves as the ethical embodiment of Quranic values in real life. The study concludes that integrating hadith into Quranic studies is not optional but imperative, as Quranic literacy without prophetic guidance risks remaining abstract, fragmented, and misapplied. This research affirms the necessity of hadith as a methodological, pedagogical, and spiritual anchor for meaningful engagement with the Quran.

Вариативность работы с литературным материалом в методической системе Т.Г. Рамзаевой

Using the example of the variability of operating with literary texts, the authors of the article show that T.G. Ramzayeva's pedagogical system is an example of such a learning process when variability and standardization are not opposed, but function as complementary elements, which, while maintaining the logic of the system, ensures its mobility in changing conditions and high quality of educational results.

Makna Baptisan Air, Roh Kudus, dan Api: Refleksi Teologis Berdasarkan Matius 3:11 untuk Kehidupan Orang Percaya

This study aims to analyze the theological meaning of water baptism, the baptism of the Holy Spirit, and the baptism of fire, focusing on the understanding contained in the Gospel of Matthew 3:11. Through a hermeneutic approach, systematic theology, and contextual analysis, this study examines the relationship between the three types of baptism in the context of salvation and the journey of faith of believers. Matthew 3:11, which contains John the Baptist's statement about the baptism of water, the Holy Spirit, and fire, is the starting point in exploring the meaning of each baptism, both historically, culturally, and theologically. The results of the study show that water baptism leads to repentance and renewal of life, the baptism of the Holy Spirit strengthens faith and empowers believers, while the baptism of fire functions as a purification and test of faith. This study also found that the three baptisms complement each other in shaping the spiritual life of Christians, and have relevant applications in contemporary church life. This study offers novelty by analyzing the theological meaning of water baptism, the baptism of the Holy Spirit, and the baptism of fire in Matthew 3:11 through a hermeneutic and systematic theology approach. The study highlights the interconnection of these three baptisms as complementary elements in shaping the spiritualAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis makna teologis dari baptisan air, baptisan Roh Kudus, dan baptisan api, dengan fokus pada pemahaman yang terkandung dalam Injil Matius 3:11. Melalui pendekatan hermeneutik, teologi sistematik, dan analisis kontekstual, penelitian ini mengupas keterkaitan ketiga jenis baptisan dalam konteks keselamatan dan perjalanan iman orang percaya. Matius 3:11, yang memuat pernyataan Yohanes Pembaptis tentang baptisan air, Roh Kudus, dan api, menjadi titik awal dalam menggali makna masing-masing baptisan, baik secara historis, kultural, maupun teologis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa baptisan air mengarah pada pertobatan dan pembaharuan hidup, baptisan Roh Kudus menguatkan iman dan memberdayakan orang percaya, sementara baptisan api berfungsi sebagai penyucian dan ujian iman. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa ketiga baptisan tersebut saling melengkapi dalam membentuk kehidupan rohani orang Kristen, serta memiliki aplikasi yang relevan dalam kehidupan gereja kontemporer. Penelitian ini menawarkan kebaharuan dengan menganalisis makna teologis dari baptisan air, Roh Kudus, dan api dalam Matius 3:11 melalui pendekatan hermeneutik dan teologi sistematik. Penelitian ini menyoroti keterkaitan ketiga baptisan sebagai bagian yang saling melengkapi dalam pembentukan kehidupan rohani orang Kristen, serta relevansinya dalam konteks gereja kontemporer.

니체의『 비극의 탄생』과 리토릭적 연주의 상호작용 : 감정적 설득과 음악 수사학 중심 분석

This study analyzes how Apollonian-Dionysian are realized and interact in musical performance based on Nietzsche’s philosophy of art. Focus on Bach’s fugues and Passions, as well as Handel’s oratorios, it examines how these principles manifest in musical structure and emotional expression. Through this analysis, the study demonstrates that Apollonian order and Dionysian liberation are not opposing forces but rather complementary elements that achieve balance, allowing performers to integrate both aspects for a more persuasive musical interpretation. Furthermore, it argues that this approach enables performers to move beyond mere score interpretation, constructing emotional narratives and fostering direct communication with the audience. By highlighting the aesthetic value of rhetorical performance, this study contributes to expanding the theoretical foundation of performance aesthetics and proposes a multidimensional approach to musical interpretation.

Variable cerebral blood flow responsiveness to acute hypoxic hypoxia.

Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) to changes in blood carbon dioxide and oxygen levels is a robust indicator of vascular health. Although CVR is typically assessed with hypercapnia, the interplay between carbon dioxide and oxygen, and their ultimate roles in dictating vascular tone, can vary with pathology. Methods to characterize vasoreactivity to oxygen changes, particularly hypoxia, would provide important complementary information to established hypercapnia techniques. However, existing methods to study hypoxic CVR, typically with arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI, demonstrate high variability and paradoxical responses. To understand whether these responses are real or due to methodological confounds of ASL, we used phase-contrast MRI to quantify whole-brain blood flow in 21 participants during baseline, hypoxic, and hypercapnic respiratory states in three scan sessions. Hypoxic CVRreliability was poor-to-moderate (ICC = 0.42 for CVR relative to PETO2 changes, ICC = 0.56 relative to SpO2 changes) and was less reliable than hypercapnic CVR (ICC = 0.67). Without the uncertainty from ASL-related confounds, we still observed paradoxical responses at each timepoint. Concurrent changes in blood carbon dioxide levels did not account for paradoxical responses. Hypoxic CVR and hypercapnic CVR shared approximately 40% of variance across the dataset, indicating that the two effects may indeed reflect distinct, complementary elements of vascular regulation. The data included in this article were collected as part of a randomized cross-over clinical trial, but do not assess the outcomes of this trial: Improving Human Cerebrovascular Function Using Acute Intermittent Hypoxia (NCT05164705), https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05164705.

Enhancing design pedagogy with architectural technology: integrating rule-based and generative approaches

PurposeThis study aims to present a pedagogical framework that is centered around architectural technology (AT) for design studios. To achieve this, our purpose is to implement a new pedagogical framework that applies AT-facilitated thinking processes within computational design (CD) in the design process.Design/methodology/approachWe use a descriptive methodology to explore a pedagogical framework that applies CD. To integrate this in design studios, rule-based design (RBD), generative design (GD) and genetic algorithms (GAs) are used. The research includes a literature review and examines the framework’s application through a design studio. This dual approach, combining theory and implementation, offers a comprehensive understanding of the framework.FindingsThe study’s findings indicate that a comprehensive CD approach, encompassing modules such as defining rules for design problems, generating multiple variations, adapting and optimizing, can be utilized to implement a design pedagogy suitable for an AT-centered industry. The presented framework led to the conclusion that individuals can successfully adapt to the AT-centered construction industry by using a comprehensive CD approach.Originality/valueThis study presents an original pedagogical framework that integrates CD as the primary approach within the design studios. We introduce a process that integrates RBD and GD as complementary elements. We aim to incorporate GAs into design studios as an original approach, which are relatively limited in the literature. This integrated approach aims to integrate the AT-centered industry by fostering adaptability across the design process.

3D virtual reconstruction of seven scenes from the Tulunid lost city in Egypt

Reviving both the tangible and intangible aspects of lost heritage is essential to preserve awareness for future generations. The 9th-century city of Al-Qaṭāʾi in Egypt has been repeatedly destroyed during the conflicts between the Tulunids and the Abbasids. Virtual technologies and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction serve to digitally raise awareness of the city and its historical significance, especially since it no longer exists. The challenge of digital revival in this project's framework is to imagine how life unfolded in the city during the 9th century. Our goal in this project is to leverage the advancements in 3D modelling technologies to reconstruct the lost historical Egyptian city. The methodology report begins with a description of the foundation for the 3D model reconstruction of the historically lost city, which serves as the main case study for this project. The methodology for this reconstruction is achieved through scope definition, wherein the main structures and complementary elements of the scene are identified. This is followed by the documentation phase, during which all available information on the scene is gathered through sketches, engravings, photographs, plans, and other sources. The next phase involves establishing hypotheses, where 2D and 3D sketches are produced to propose the general volumes of structures and elements. Finally, the creation of 3D models brings the structures and associated elements to life through the texturing process, as well as the inclusion of terrain, vegetation, fauna, characters, and other components, allowing the complete scene to emerge. The objective of the article is to revive the destroyed architecture of the non-existent city and communicate its value to the public through interactive virtual exploration. This study aims to demonstrate how the combination of digital methods for virtual reconstruction is valuable for both knowledge dissemination and research, through the case study of Al-Qaṭāʾi in Egypt.

Argonaute2 and Argonaute4 Involved in the Pathogenesis of Kawasaki Disease via mRNA Expression Profiles.

Argonautes (AGOs) are a type of protein that degrade specific messenger RNAs, consequently reducing the expression of a specific gene. These proteins consist of small, single-stranded RNA or DNA and may provide a route for detecting and silencing complementary mobile genetic elements. In this research, we investigated which AGO(s) were involved in Kawasaki disease (KD). We obtained mRNA-level gene expression profiles from leukocyte samples that had previously been gathered in another study and uploaded to the NCBI GEO database. The Human Transcriptome Array (HTA 2.0) analysis included 50 children with KD prior to IVIG (KD1), 18 children with KD three weeks post-IVIG (KD3), 18 non-febrile controls (HC), and 18 febrile controls (FC), which were arranged in the quoted publications for all materials and methods in order to collect data. We used the default value of the commercialized microarray tool Partek to perform an analysis of variance and determine any significant fold changes (KD1, KD3, HC, and FC individually). The data revealed that the AGO2 and AGO4 genes displayed significant within-group differences with p = 0.034 and 0.007, respectively. In AGO2, significant differences were observed between KD1 vs. HC + FC with p = 0.034. KD1 appears higher than the other specimens in AGO4, with significant differences between KD1 and HC (p = 0.033), KD1 and FC (p = 0.033), KD1 and KD3 (p = 0.013), and KD1 and HC + FC (p = 0.007). We observed no substantial differences in AGO1 or AGO3 (p > 0.05). There were no significant differences between AGO(s) and coronary artery lesions or intravenous immunoglobulin resistance. (p > 0.05) Conclusion: Endothelial cell inflammation and injury, two basic pathological mechanisms, are thought to be involved in coronary endothelial dysfunction in KD. AGO2 and AGO4 are likely to participate in the endothelial dysfunction of children with KD, with AGO4 potentially playing a key role, while AGO1 and AGO3 appear not to participate.

Sustainable Development of Industrial Enterprises as an Object of Strategic Management

The article reveals the features of implementing the Concept of sustainable development in the practice of strategic management of enterprises. The Concept of sustainable development determines the development of an increasing number of enterprises. At the same time, the processes of implementing the Concept of sustainable development in practice are complex and require comprehensive management since, in modern conditions, the Concept itself is also being refined. Sustainable development management requires the use of a long-term approach and increasingly involves the use of strategic management methods. The basis of sustainable development management of enterprises should be an understanding of the content of the Concept and the constituent elements of sustainable development. As studies have shown, most scientists distinguish three main elements of the Concept of sustainable development: economic, social, and environmental, which reflect the key vectors on which the emphasis is placed. These components may have different priority levels in the management process, but they are considered an integral system and complement each other. To understand the reflection of the main components of sustainable development in strategic management processes, the main types of sustainability are revealed, their characteristics and threats to their provision are given. The identified types of sustainability are objects of management; however, ensuring sustainable development is not the algebraic sum of achieving separate social, economic, and environmental sustainability. The article also states that achieving a certain type of sustainability can often be achieved by ignoring other types. To ensure the direct sustainable development of an enterprise, the specified types of sustainability should be considered as complementary elements. The article also reveals modern trends in the development of the Concept of sustainable development, which is manifested in the separation of managerial and organizational components. The basis of the managerial aspect is the dynamics of the external environment, and counteraction ensures the achievement of organizational sustainability. The components of sustainable development in the traditional sense are in the plane of the strategic interests of the enterprise, and managerial and organizational sustainability can be considered as a condition for achieving overall sustainability.

Model for Global Quality Management System in System of Systems: Quality Management in System of Systems Project

Global Quality Management System (G-QMS) in System of Systems (SoS) is a pioneering field of research essential for SoS G-organizations, which are characterized by their vast and complex technological systems and multi-organizational structures. Consequently, presenting significant challenges in implementing effective QMS for their operations. This manuscript completes the development of a novel conceptual model for G-QMSs in Sectors of SoS, drawing from extensive field research conducted within real SoS G-organizations employing the Grounded Theory methodology. This proposed model encompasses two foundational supra-entities, with this manuscript primarily dedicated to the second supra-entity, named “G-QMS in SoS”, which essentially represents Quality Management for SoS projects. The G-QMS in SoS model image is conceived through a description of its structural principles, entities architecture and interrelationships, alongside its complementary elements. Furthermore, the interrelationships between the two segment models that constitute G-QMS in Sectors of SoS are elucidated, offering a comprehensive view of the overarching model. Establishing a model for G-QMS in Sectors of SoS that describes the various structures of SoS projects and the G-organizations realizing them, as well as understanding the recommended G-QMS model, is vital as it directly impacts the success level of SoS projects and the effectiveness of the tailored G-QMS in these organizations.

Intercultural Communication According to the Principles of Hegel’s Philosophy of Logic

According to Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, the fundamental tool for understanding the development of thought is logic, and Hegel’s philosophy of logic is approached in three stages: abstract logic, concrete logic, and the logic of spirit. Abstract logic examines the most basic conceptual framework of thought, while concrete logic explains how these concepts transformed into more complex thought processes. The logic of spirit analyzes how thought processes evolve in a societal and historical context. Comprehensive research on Hegel’s principles of reality and intercultural communication has not been found in the literature. Therefore, religious beliefs and cultural communication phenomena have been examined based on Hegel’s philosophy of logic. The research findings are as follows: The principles of reality are based on three basic principles: materialism, causality, and reciprocity. Understanding the interactions between religions and cultures, which represent different conceptual structures is significant in the light of these principles. The research results show that Hegel’s dialectical process explains how conflicts between different systems of thought give rise to more complex levels of thinking. This principle plays a crucial role in resolving conflicts arising from religious beliefs and cultural diversity. The principle of transforming reality emphasizes that thought is not merely a theoretical activity but also a process that impacts social reality. In this context, religious and cultural communication is not merely a mental activity but also a process that shapes reality. The principle of the unity of opposites stresses the need to see the diversity between different religions and cultures as complementary elements with the potential for mutual understanding and enrichment. I addition, the principle of the historical process and social evolution highlights the importance of considering historical and social contexts in understanding the interactions between religious and cultural beliefs and practices. This study demonstrates that Hegel’s principles of dialectical progress, transforming reality, the unity of opposites, and the historical process can be used as a functional methodology in the behavioral sciences.

Effect of Piston Ring Grooves on the Radial and Tangential Forces of a Squeeze Film Damper

Abstract Squeeze film dampers (SFDs) are components of rotating machinery used to reduce vibration amplitudes and improve the rotor dynamic stability. Piston rings (PRs) are often employed as end seals for SFDs. They enhance the damping forces while remaining limited to a small axial length. Piston rings are installed in grooves whose dimensions (width and depth) are generally one order of magnitude larger than the radial clearance of the SFD. The radial and axial clearances after the PR are mounted may impact the forces generated by the SFD to the point that they have to be considered as design parameters. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and bulk flow (BF) approaches were used to determine the impact of the axial and radial clearances introduced by the presence of the PRs. CFD is an accurate, direct approach to the problem but it requires intensive computational resources. Therefore, BF-based methods are considered as an appropriate option for a wide range of SFD operating conditions. The BF approach developed previously is now extended to include the PR clearances. The results are validated using CFD simulations for a simplified SFD geometry. This comparison underlines the strengths and limits of the BF approach. The impact of the PR clearances on the radial and tangential forces is then evaluated on a realistic SFD by using the BF model. A parametric study is conducted to explore the impact of varying the axial and radial PR clearances. Overall, a procedure for correctly considering PR clearances in a BF framework is proposed and validated, while complementary elements for understanding the role of PR clearances are described.

Art Deco-Streamline Moderne Combination in Design: An Analysis of the Floating Space SS Normandie From the Outside to the Inside

Art Deco and Streamline Moderne influenced design disciplines and enabled the production of many works during the periods they dominated. The floating space "SS Normandie Ship", which constitutes the sample of the work, can be shown as one of the important and successful examples of the combination of Art Deco and Streamline Moderne. A descriptive case study, one of the qualitative research methods, was conducted in the study. The sample of the study is analyzed from outside to inside (shell/body, spatial fiction, interior fittings, interior complementary elements, etc.) through holistic design language, aiming to emphasize the importance of both styles in design disciplines. The study is also important in that it makes us think about the roles of the unity of different styles in spatial fiction.

Патриотизм как интеграционный ресурс: особенности фиксации в условиях полиэтничности (на материалах Республики Саха (Якутия))

The article proposes to analyze the integration resource of patriotism in the conditions of polyethnicity, which form the value of the ethnocultural identity of the peoples of Russia. In such sociocultural conditions, the features of the relationship between the phenomenon of patriotism and ethnocultural differentiation are visible. Based on a sociological study in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the author identifies the dynamics of attitudes towards ethnocultural differentiation, thereby tracing changes in the ethnosocial process in Yakutia. The main emphasis is on identifying affective and active manifestations of patriotism within the framework of the functioning of ethnocultural types. It is concluded that patriotism and positive nationalism (ethnic) at the present stage are complementary elements of the country's national development.

Contemporary Actionism as a Total Work of Art

The following report explores Richard Wagner’s concept of total art or Gesamtkunstwerk, a notion that gained prominence in the 19th century and found resonance in Symbolist art. This movement interpreted total art as a synthesis of various artistic forms, particularly music and theatre, infused with spiritual significance. Our objective is to demonstrate that in contemporary performative art, the integration of diverse media could give rise to a comprehensive work of art, akin to Wagner’s original vision. The article contends that performative art and actionism, by employing complementary artistic elements such as music, literature, theatre, objects, installations, and painting, have the potential to evolve into a unified and spiritually enriched work of art.

Variable Cerebral Blood Flow Responsiveness to Acute Hypoxic Hypoxia.

Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) to changes in blood carbon dioxide and oxygen levels is a robust indicator of vascular health. Although CVR is typically assessed with hypercapnia, the interplay between carbon dioxide and oxygen, and their ultimate roles in dictating vascular tone, can vary with pathology. Methods to characterize vasoreactivity to oxygen changes, particularly hypoxia, would provide important complementary information to established hypercapnia techniques. However, existing methods to study hypoxic CVR, typically with arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI, demonstrate high variability and paradoxical responses. To understand whether these responses are real or due to methodological confounds of ASL, we used phase-contrast MRI to quantify whole-brain blood flow in 21 participants during baseline, hypoxic, and hypercapnic respiratory states in three scan sessions. Hypoxic CVR reliability was poor-to-moderate (ICC=0.42 for CVR relative to changes, ICC=0.56 relative to changes) and was less reliable than hypercapnic CVR (ICC=0.67). Without the uncertainty from ASL-related confounds, we still observed paradoxical responses at each timepoint. Concurrent changes in blood carbon dioxide levels did not account for paradoxical responses. Hypoxic CVR and hypercapnic CVR shared approximately 40% of variance across the dataset, indicating that the two effects may indeed reflect distinct, complementary elements of vascular regulation.

An Autotuning Hybrid Method with Bayesian Optimization for Road Edge Extraction in Highway Systems from Point Clouds

In transportation infrastructure systems, feature images and spatial characteristics are generally utilized as complementary elements derived from point clouds for road edge extraction, but the involvement of one or more hyperparameters in each makes the extraction complicated. This study proposes an autotuning hybrid method with Bayesian optimization for road edge extraction in highway systems. The hybrid method combines the strengths of 2D feature images and 3D spatial characteristics while also automatically tuning the hyperparameter combination using Bayesian optimization. The hyperparameters encompass high and low pixel gradient thresholds, neighborhood radius, and normal vector threshold. Later, the point cloud dataset of national highways in Henan Province, China, is taken as the case study to evaluate the performance of the proposed method against three benchmark methods in two typical road scenarios: straight and curved edges. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the benchmarks in detection quality and accuracy. It can serve as a decision-making tool to complement traditional manual road surveying, enabling efficient and automated road edge extraction in highway systems.