Competitive Athletic Activity Research Articles

Аналіз змагальної діяльності юних спортсменів на 38-му дитячому турнірі «Ванпаку сумо»

Purpose: to analyze the competitive activity of young athletes at the 38th «Wanpaku Sumo» Children's Tournament. Material and methods. The following methods were used in the study: analysis of scientific and methodological information and Internet sources; generalization of best practices; analysis of protocols and video recordings of matches. A total of 293 fights were analyzed (92 fights among fourth graders, 94 among fifth graders, 107 among sixth graders). For the analysis, a specialized computer program «Martial Arts Video Analysis» was used. Results: the analysis of competitive activity allowed us to identify the groups of techniques most often used by athletes during competitions. The most frequently used techniques of the group kihon waza (57,65 %). Athletes of all age groups actively used the basic technique (4th grade – 57,60%, 5th grade – 57,44 %, 6th grade – 57,94 %). The most common techniques in all age categories were yorikiri and oshidashi. Actions that occurred during the competition and belong to the hiwaza group and are not kimarite indicate that young athletes do not yet have perfect control over their bodies and can lose balance even without the intervention of an opponent. The analysis of technical actions allowed us to observe the progress of technique by grade. Thus, in the fifth grade, more complex techniques (harimanage and chongake) appear. This indicates that children are gradually mastering more complex techniques that require better coordination and tactical thinking. In the upper grades, the use of complex techniques such as tsukiotoshi and sotogake is observed. This indicates that participants are becoming physically stronger and more coordinated, which indicates a gradual mastery of more complex techniques. Conclusions. The analysis of the competition during the 38th «Wampaku Sumo» Tournament revealed some characteristic features. First, the competitions were highly intense. The yorikiri technique is the most effective, so it is very popular among young athletes. Although yorikiri dominates, the presence of other techniques such as koshinage and makiotoshi shows that participants have a diverse arsenal of techniques. In high school, participants begin to demonstrate better physical fitness, which helps them to use more complex techniques and endure bouts longer. Psychological pressure also plays a role, as participants are forced to make quick decisions and choose techniques that are most effective under pressure.

The point prevalence of stress incontinence among young adult Jordanian women based on activity levels.

Stress Urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common condition among women of all ages. The point prevalence of SUI among young adult Jordanian women is less explored. To examine the point prevalence of SUI among this sample based on activity level, and whether the affected women have shared their complaints with healthcare providers and/or received education related to UI. This was a cross-sectional survey-based study. Participants with diseases that affect the control of micturition were excluded. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-UI Short-Form was used to calculate the point prevalence of UI. The Tegner activity scale was used to classify participants based on their physical activity levels. The participants reported whether they shared their complaints with a healthcare provider or received education about this health problem. Five hundred women (median age=20years, BMI=22) participated (118 competitive athletes, 192 recreational, and 190 sedentary). The overall point prevalence of SUI was 14% (n=61). A chi-square test of independence showed a significant difference in the point prevalence of SUI between women with different activity levels, χ2 (12)=12.07, p<0.01. The point prevalence of SUI among competitive athletes, recreational women, and sedentary women was 21%, 8%, and 11%, respectively. None of those with SUI have shared their complaints with healthcare providers or received education related to SUI. SUI is prevalent among young adult Jordanian women, with the highest prevalence observed in those engaged in competitive athletic activities. The affected women refrain from disclosing their SUI-related concerns to healthcare practitioners and lack sufficient knowledge about this health issue.

Aspects of psychological training of volleyball players of different ages

Background and purpose In the course of many years of training, volleyball athletes face a number of difficulties, such as intense workloads, competition, team relationships, and crisis situations in the athlete's life. Therefore, psychological training should be an integral part of athletes' activities. Objective: to carry out a comparative characterization of psychological preparation of volleyball players of different ages and to give recommendations for improvement of game performance. Material and methods The study involved 15 athletes (aged 13-16 years) and 13 athletes (aged 20-28 years) from Šumperk, Czech Republic. Volleyball players of the Czech club TJ Šumperk. Methods: analysis of scientific literature, questionnaires, method mathematical statistics. Results Based on the analysis, it can be said that psychological preparation in the training and competitive activities of young athletes should differ from adult athletes in many aspects, taking into account the peculiarities of adolescent development. Significant differences were found between the study groups; young athletes have more pronounced individual differences in psychological development, so adolescents need more attention to motivation, confidence, emotional stability, and reaction to stressful situations in the game. The psychological preparation of adult players after a certain game and competitive practice begins to be based on the experience of their own well-being and interaction with teammates. Analyzing the reaction to successes and failures, understanding the emotional state of the players in the team, and the general atmosphere of the team helps to adapt your own behavior to different situations within and outside the team. Conclusions Psychological training plays a key role in creating optimal conditions for effective performance of athletes in volleyball, so the coach needs to take into account the mental state of volleyball players

Outcomes of "Over the Top" Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Associated with a Lateral Extra-Articular Tenodesis in Children.

(1) Purpose: The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures in children and adolescents has considerably increased during the last decades due to higher levels of competitive athletic activity, and early sport specialization and professionalization. Contemporary ACL reconstruction techniques have recently been subject to renewed interest in this population. The objective of this study is to report the short- and mid-term results of our physis-sparing ACL reconstruction technique using an "over the top" technique associated with a modified Lemaire procedure. (2) Methods: A retrospective series of 12 junior soccer players who presented to our clinic with a torn ACL between January 2019 and September 2021 was reviewed. The inclusion criteria were patients under 15 years with open tibial and femoral physes, with a stable contralateral knee, a minimum follow-up of 6 months, and a time frame from injury to surgery of <3 months. Patients with previous knee surgery, structural concomitant injuries, muscular, neurological, or vascular abnormalities, or hypersensitivity to metal alloys were excluded. The functional evaluation was performed using the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) rating, Lysholm score, and Tegner activity level. Moreover, clinical and radiological assessments were also performed, including KT-1000 and knee X-rays. (3) Results: We identified 1 female and 11 male patients with ACL tears, with a mean age of 13.17 ± 0.9 months. Concomitant injuries include isolated vertical and bucket-handle tears of the medial meniscus, lateral meniscus tears, bilateral tear of both menisci. The mean follow-up time was 26 ± 12.6 months. The average IKDC, Lysholm and Tegner scores were 93.29 ± 11.04, 95.08 ± 13.2 and 9 ± 0.0 points, respectively. The average KT-1000 score of the participants was 0.96 ± 1.6 points. None of the included patients reported post-surgical complications or required additional surgeries. (4) Conclusions: Our novel ACL reconstruction with LET technique is a safe procedure that resulted in good clinical outcomes, lower failure rate and return to sports in skeletally immature patients.

Модельні характеристики сучасної змагальної діяльності кращих спортсменів світу в греко-римській боротьбі

Purpose: to develop model characteristics of the modern competitive activity of the world's best athletes in Greco-Roman wrestling. Material and methods. The research used the following methods: analysis of scientific and methodological information and Internet sources; analysis of protocols and video recordings of competitive activities; expert assessment, methods of mathematical statistics. An analysis of 51 matches at the 2023 World Cup and Continental Championships (Europe, Asia, Pan America) was carried out. The object of observation were the wrestlers who took the first places at the 2023 World Championship in the Olympic weight categories (60 kg, 67 kg, 77 kg, 87 kg, 97 kg, 130 kg). Results: the analysis of scientific and methodological information and Internet resources allowed to determine that the analysis of competitive activity in sports wrestling is important for predicting the success of athletes and building models of the world's strongest wrestlers. The 2023 world champions in the Olympic weight categories also took first place this year and at continental competitions (Europe, Asia, Pan-America), except for the wrestler in the 87 kg weight category - he took second place at the 2023 European Championship. Based on the analysis of protocols and competitive activity, model characteristics of the modern competitive activity of the world's best wrestlers in Olympic weight categories were compiled. The analysis of the model characteristics of the competitive activity of the world's strongest wrestlers of different weight categories showed that each athlete uses basically the same technical and tactical actions during the day, but the tactical algorithm of fighting and conducting techniques is individual for each wrestler. Conclusions. The analysis of fights at the 2023 World Championship in Greco-Roman wrestling made it possible to develop model characteristics of the competitive activity of the best wrestlers in Olympic weight categories. It has been established that the strongest fighters use from 3 to 7 technical and tactical actions to achieve victory in a fight. The most performed tricks on the floor are rollovers and throws with the back belt, and in the rack - fallbacks and push-ups behind the carpet. The evaluation of the structure of the technical arsenal showed the superiority of the parameters of the champion in terms of the number of successful attacks and points won, along with low values of missed attacks and lost technical points. The developed model characteristics of competitive activity of the best wrestlers allow the coach to more effectively organize and manage the training process, timely identify deficiencies in the wrestler's preparation and make certain corrections. Keywords: modeling, competitive activity, indicators, technical and tactical actions, Greco-Roman wrestling, elite athletes.

Підвищення ефективності перед-змагальної підготовки кваліфікованих спортсменів у тхеквондо WTF за рахунок застосування засобів високо-інтенсивного фітнес-тренінгу

Purpose: to theoretically substantiate and experimentally identify the most effective means of modern high-intensity interval fitness training of pre-competitive training of qualified athletes in WTF taekwondo. Material and methods. The following methods were used in the research: the analysis of the special scientific and methodical literature; pedagogical observations; pedagogical experiment; pedagogical testing; physiological testing; the method of expert estimations; methods of mathematical statistics. Results: the explosive growth of lactate concentration from 1,16±0,5 mM/l to 15,5±2,1 mM/l causes the next repetition of this exercise after 5 minutes of rest. The obtained data of HR (HR, bpm +26,2 %), VE, l/min (+128,6 %), VCO2, l/min (+135,5 %), VO2, l/min (+56,1 %), KIO2 (-27,5 %) indicate that at insufficient recovery between approaches at performance of rather short interval segments of submaximal power (high-intensity work up to 1 min) leads to the significant decrease of special working capacity of sportsmen. Taking into account the specifics of the sport, for the improvement of this parameter of preparedness it is considered expedient to perform 3-5 times specially developed blocks of exercises of high intensity, borrowed (mainly) from modern methods of health-improving fitness training. The results of the competitive activity of qualified taekwondo athletes confirmed the effectiveness of the use of high-intensity fitness training HIIT to improve their pre-competitive fitness. Conclusions. When planning the direct pre-competitive training of qualified taekwondo sportsmen in the annual cycle of preparation it is necessary to be guided by the information received as a result of the conducted researches and to approach in a regulated way to the definition and combination of intensity and duration of the performed exercises of a specific orientation which, in turn, model the process of competition. It is proved that to improve aerobic endurance of athletes it is necessary to plan 2-3 times in a weekly microcycle different interval training exercises performed without significant fatigue and decreased performance. For improvement of high-speed and power capabilities of sportsmen it is necessary to perform 1-2 times during a microcycle different interval training exercises with shortened segments of work of maximum intensity lasting up to 30 s. Keywords: fitness training, high-intensity interval training (HIIT), taekwondo, WTF, physical fitness, control, speed and strength capabilities, aerobic capabilities.

Characteristics of the influence and role of sports and sports organizations in countering military aggression: Organizational and legal aspect

The research exposes the introduction of the necessary changes in the regulatory and legislative framework related to armed aggression and martial law regime for holding sports events in various sports. In this context, the features of the legal regulation of relations in the field of professional sports during the war are discussed. The features of competitive and training activities of athletes from the eastern regions of Ukraine are analyzed in connection with the destruction of sports infrastructure, evacuation to other regions and out of the country. The authors emphasize the national-patriotic position of Ukrainian athletes. As stated and substantiated in the article, many famous and successful Ukrainian athletes make a significant contribution to the information struggle at the international level to completely eliminate Russian and Belarusian athletes and world sports teams and actively participate in numerous charitable fundraising projects, sacrificing their own. It is concluded that sports activities can be a mechanism of resistance to military aggression.

Ergotherapeutic means for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in martial arts athletes

The article deals with the use of ergotherapeutic means of prevention of cardiovascular diseases in martial arts athletes. The purpose of the work was to substantiate the ergotherapeutic means’ effectiveness of cardiovascular diseases’ prevention of athletes in martial arts. The research methods were the analysis of literary sources, occupational therapy observation, questionnaires and interviews with martial arts athletes who have or had problems with the cardiovascular system, analysis of the obtained results. The novelty of the study consisted in substantiating the effectiveness of ergotherapeutic means of prevention of cardiovascular diseases in martial arts athletes. The causes of pathological and pre-pathological changes in the state of the cardiovascular system in athletes during training and competition were determined. These include excessive physical exertion, competitive stress, abuse of pharmacological agents, lack of knowledge of elementary rules of self-control of functional state, planning of workload and recovery after training and competitive processes. To prevent these reasons, we have developed ergotherapeutic means of preventing cardiovascular diseases in martial arts athletes. They included: regular medical examination with diagnostic examination, self-monitoring of the functional state and activity of the cardiovascular system, training load planning, rational balanced nutrition, psychological means of combating stress. When introducing agrotherapeutic means, the main emphasis was placed on various types of physical activity, which was appropriate for the age and individual capabilities of the athletes. The use of ergotherapeutic means of prevention of cardiovascular diseases of martial arts athletes in practical activities will help to avoid pathological and pre-pathological changes in the state of the cardiovascular system during the training and competitive activities of athletes.

IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNICAL AND TACTICAL ACTIONS IN OLYMPIC TYPES OF MARTIAL ARTS

At the current stage of the development of martial arts in Ukraine and in the world, urgent issues of scientific and methodological support of the system of multi-year training of martial arts athletes, starting from the early stages of training, are gaining importance. Martial arts specialists need to search for the most rational and effective means and methodical approaches to the formation and improvement of the technical and tactical arsenal of athletes. The purpose of such an approach will be to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the competitive activity of martial arts athletes.&#x0D; The stage of specialized basic training in sports martial arts acquires great importance in connection with the creation of prerequisites for the further improvement of sports skills of young athletes, increase of the level of special work capacity. Also, at this stage, the individual fighting style is formed, as well as the technique and tactics of the Taekwondo WTF are improved.&#x0D; Technical and tactical training in Taekwondo WTF is a process of forming the technique of performing special exercises, techniques and their various combinations. Technical training is aimed at studying the widest range of technical actions and forming the skills of performing actions necessary for Taekwondo WTF, different in direction, amplitude and other characteristics. The means of technical training are the technical actions of Taekwondo WTF (according to the classification of techniques), which include offensive, defensive and contact-attacking technical-tactical actions.&#x0D; The main goal of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of using training methods and improving counterattacking technical and tactical actions using the example of Taekwondo WTF. The following research methods were used during the study: abstraction, analysis and synthesis, modeling, pedagogical observation, pedagogical experiment, analysis of competitive activity, methods of mathematical statistics.&#x0D; As a result of the analytical and research work, the effectiveness of the training methodology and improvement of counterattacking technical and tactical actions of taekwondo athletes at the stage of specialized basic training was established.&#x0D; The most effective schemes for complicating training and improving counter-attacking technical actions, which are performed in response to the opponent's attacking technical actions from different distances and at different speeds, have been determined.&#x0D; Prospects for further research in the chosen direction of scientific research consist in the development of a program for improving the counterattacking actions of taekwondo athletes, taking into account the individual style of conducting a competitive match.

COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OFTHE TRAINING OF ATHLETES

Relevance of the research topic. Competitive activity in any kind of sport is characterized by the manifestation of both different physical qualities and functional preparedness of athletes. Therefore, effective managerial influences should be carried out on the basis of a comprehensive assessment of their preparedness and competitive activity. The purpose of the study is to develop a method of comprehensive assessment of the preparedness and competitive activity of athletes. Material and methods. 36 qualified football players aged 18-23 took part in the study. The study was conducted in the second cycle of the two-cycle training of qualified football players for the 2022 season. Research methods: theoretical analysis of literary sources, pedagogical observation, testing, video recording of competitive activities, methods of mathematical statistics. Research results and conclusions. The method of comprehensive assessment of preparedness and competitive activity of qualified football players is defined. A ten-point scale for comprehensive assessment of the preparedness and competitive activity of qualified football players was developed according to the following algorithm: testing determination of the average arithmetic and statistical deviation determination of the range according to the three-sigma rule point assessment of each indicator comprehensive assessment of the athlete's preparedness.

CARACTERÍSTICAS DA FUNÇÃO FÍSICA DOS NADADORES EM TREINAMENTO PRÉ-COMPETIÇÃO

ABSTRACT Introduction: Swimming is a competitive athletic activity whose fundamental objective is to produce high-performance athletes capable of standing out worldwide. Aerobic balance directly affects the athletic performance of these professionals. Objective: Investigate the changes in the physical composition and functional characteristics of swimmers before the competition. The results can play an important guiding role in the training plan of the Chinese athletics team in the competition. Methods: To explore the relationship between swimmers of different ages, the athletes were trained, and their physiological and chemical changes were monitored before the competition. A statistical, mathematical method was used to analyze the data. Results: After exercise, the swimmers’ hemoglobin, red blood cell count, hematocrit, creatine kinase, blood urea, and other indices had changed. The difference between the two groups was significant (P&lt;0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that the swimmers’ body function was stable before the competition with better exercise load capacity. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

SPORTS MASSAGE IN MODERN ELITE SPORT

Introduction. Extra-training complexes of types, forms, massage techniques and specially selected exercises are used in modern sports. Such means, provided they are used according to a clear algorithm and protocols, are meaningful basis for the modern concept formation of the high-class athletes recovery and performance system. Data on the practical use of the modern approach are a certain reserve for improving the special performance of athletes. The aim of the study. Systematization of extra-training effects of a specialized functional orientation, taking into account target instructions for fatigue correction and stimulation of athletes' performance. Research methods. Analysis of specialized literature and Internet sources, synthesis and generalization of the author's empirical knowledge based on experience working with high-class athletes. Research results. The systematization of special literature data, empirical and practical experience allowed to determine the specialized direction and directions of massage isolated application and complex of massage means use. The priority areas of application the sports massage types have been determined: the first is to restore the leading functions of human vital systems in conditions of exhaustion after intense motor activity; the second – to stimulate special work capacity in accordance with the physiological conditions that accompany the competitive activity of athletes. Conclusions. The effects of increasing the special working capacity of athletes can be obtained by fulfilling the following conditions: the duration and intensity of the massage must correspond to the hypo, hyper, or normoreactive type of the athletes' body; the use of massage techniques in combination with special exercises can be used in accordance with the body's reaction to hypoxia, hypercapnia and lactate-lactate acidosis.

Indicators of the effectiveness of the competitive activity of boxers, taking into account different manners of fighting

Boxing is one of the famous and spectacular sports in our country and abroad. The progress of sports is determined on the basis of objective knowledge about the structure of competitive activities and the preparation of athletes, taking into account the general laws of the formation of sports skills and the individual capabilities of single-player athletes. In competitive activities, the positive and negative sides of boxers' skill are reflected, and therefore the features of modern boxing. However, it is not so easy to detect them due to the complexity of the matches during the competition, i.e. the competitive activity itself, which consists of a large number of the most diverse aspects of the process and, accordingly, ways of studying them. In the theory and methodology of boxing, we did not find a clear concept of studying the patterns of the development of competitive activity. We performed a selection of technical and tactical indicators of sports activity, which are determined primarily by the total number of blows and were used during the fight: the coefficient of effectiveness of blows (KEU) - the ratio of the number of blows that reached the goal to the total number of blows inflicted during the fight; defense reliability coefficient (DRC) - the ratio of the number of effective blows to the total number of blows inflicted during the fight; density of technical actions (SHTD) - the ratio of the number of hits that reached the goal to the duration of the match (in minutes); attack interval (IA) - the ratio of the duration of the fight (in seconds) to the total number of blows inflicted during the fight. The results of various experimental and theoretical studies in this direction are difficult to systematize in connection with the various goals, tasks and methods of these studies, which reduces the value of the obtained scientific data. The rules of boxing competitions, including the fight formula, were often changed during the period under consideration. The return to the previous 3×3 system again changed the requirements for the standards of organizing competitive activities of athletes in amateur boxing. As it was shown above, when the battle formula is changed, the parameters of the competitive activity also undergo changes, for example, the battle density indicator increases. In this regard, in the training process, it is necessary to take into account the rules by which the future fight is planned. This will make it possible to transform sports loads in a timely manner, taking into account the revealed patterns of changes in competitive activity indicators.

Simulation of Competitive Activities of Skaters in Short-Track

Modeling of competitive activity forms the basis for the rationalization and improvement of those means and methods that are used in sports training of athletes. In this regard, a hypothesis was put forward that predictive skating models will ensure the achievement of a certain level of sports results in short-track speed skating.&#x0D; Study purpose. The aim of the study was to develop a prognostic model of the competitive activity of elite athletes at a distance of 500 m in short-track on the basis of regression analysis with a focus on achieving specified results.&#x0D; Materials and methods. The study used an analysis of official competition protocols, modeling method, statistical analysis. The behavior of changes in the speed of skating at a distance of 500 m in 173 elite athletes was analyzed. The main components of competitive activity in short-track were revealed.&#x0D; Results. The results obtained have theoretical significance which lies in the scientific substantiation of the need to improve competitive activity on the basis of its studying and the building of skating models. Their practical significance consists in the development and use of models of competitive activity of elite athletes at a distance of 500 m in short-track, taking into account the construction of a skating option. The presented data are an action plan that allows you to purposefully manage the training process and improve the training of athletes in short-track speed skating at a distance of 500 m in an annual cycle. When processing the results of the study, the level of statistical significance was taken as p ≤ 0.05.&#x0D; Conclusions. The informative characteristics of competitive activity that affect the result at a distance of 500 m include acceleration speed and running speed on the first, second, third and fourth laps of the distance, multiple correlation coefficient r = 0.985 (p &lt; 0.01). These are objective criteria which are a system-forming factor that determines the structure and content of the training process of elite athletes, and allow monitoring the level of special readiness, as well as predicting the ways of further improvement and making timely corrections in the training process.

Methods of occupational therapy for trainers who specialize in Martial Arts after treatment of coronavirus disease

Considering the results of the analysis of scientific-methodical, special and reference literature, the members of the research group established, that the issue of introduction into the system of self-education of trainers specializing in wrestling and other martial arts modern methods of physical therapy, occupational therapy after treatment of coronavirus disease Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2, or 2019-nCoV) – insufficient number of scientific and methodical works is devoted. This requires further theoretical and empirical research and is an important area of scientific research.&#x0D; The main purpose of the study is to develop and test methods of occupational therapy for trainers, specializing in Sambo wrestling and combat Sambo after coronavirus disease treatment. In the process of research and analytical work, the following research methods were used: abstraction, analysis, deduction, induction, mathematical and statistical (correlation analysis, factor analysis), modeling, synthesis, etc.&#x0D; As a result of empirical research, members of the research group developed and tested the method of occupational therapy for trainers, specializing in Sambo wrestling and combat Sambo after coronavirus disease treatment. The introduction of the above experimental technique in the system of occupational therapy trainers of the experimental group provided an increase in their efficiency at the stage of recovery after treatment of coronavirus disease (considering various post Covid-19 symptoms). This helped to increase the competitive activity of subordinate athletes who specialize in sports and combat Sambo (according to the analysis of protocols of competitions of various ranks). It should be emphasized that the positive changes in the control group were not significant, but - natural, as the motor activity of the individual in the recovery phase after injuries and illnesses to some extent contributes to the restoration of his ability to work. In turn, this is not enough for effective professional activity, which is confirmed by real empirical research. Prospects for further research in the chosen direction of scientific intelligence include determining the nature and structure of the readiness of martial arts trainers to build rational tactical schemes.

Peculiarities of the competitive activity of taekwondo players aged 12-13 years before and after the changes in the rules

&#x0D; Purpose: improving the technical and tactical readiness of qualified taekwondo wrestlers at the stage of specialized basic training to improve the effectiveness of competitive activity.&#x0D; Material and methods. The study involved 30 athletes aged 12-13 years. Athletes are engaged in WTF taekwondo in the Dnepropetrovsk region. The research was carried out on the basis of the Communal out-of-school educational institution "City Specialized Children's and Youth Sports School of the Olympic Reserve" of the Dnipro City Council (Taekwondo Department of the WTF) and the sports club "Bars" (Dnipro). Created control and experimental groups in the amount of 15 young men in each group. Anthropometric methods, the index method were used; pedagogical methods for studying the physical and technical-tactical readiness of taekwondo fighters aged 12-13, analysis of video recordings of competitive fights of qualified taekwondo fighters in weight categories up to 33 kg, up to 37 kg, up to 41 kg, up to 45 kg, up to 49 kg, up to 53 kg, up to 57 kg ; methods of mathematical statistics.&#x0D; Results. After conducting a pedagogical experiment based on the results of general physical training among athletes in the experimental group, the increase in performance indicators was from 8.97% to 54.91%; in athletes of the control group - from 1.90% to 31.03%. Also, the taekwondo players of the experimental group significantly outweighed the athletes from the control group for all indicators of special physical fitness, the increase in indicators was from 10.79% to 32.30%; in the control group - from 1.25% to 17.62%. The analysis of performance indicators showed that the athletes of the experimental group significantly reduced all indicators (p &lt; 0.01), in addition to the number of effective performance programs. Indicators of technical and tactical readiness among athletes in the control group grew from 2.38% to 19.85%; in taekwondo players of the experimental group, the increase in indicators of claves was from 13.22% to 56.53%.&#x0D; Conclusion. Analysis of the scientific and methodological literature on the problem of training taekwondoists at the stage of specialized basic training revealed a number of problematic issues. This concerns the features of improving the process of technical and tactical training of taekwondo cadets. The structure of the annual training of taekwondoists at the stage of specialized basic training has been developed and experimentally substantiated, which is built taking into account the individual style of conducting a competitive taekwondo duel, the manifestation of physical qualities and the calendar of competitions. An improvement in the level of physical fitness of taekwondo wrestlers, a better performance of complex technical and tactical actions and a higher efficiency of indicators of the competitive activity of athletes have been established. It has been determined that the most dominant and effective fighting styles are game and tempo, which is associated with the specifics of the WTF taekwondo and the rules of the competition.

Technology of Formation of Psychological Climate in Team Sports Games (on the Material of Volleyball)

Purpose of the work – scientifically substantiate the technology of forming the optimal psychological climate in volleyball to increase the effectiveness of competitive activities of athletes. Material and methods. The experimental studies involved 25 qualified volleyball players - 13 athletes of VC “Orbita‑ZNU-RCYSS” (Zaporizhzhya), main group, and 12 athletes of VC “Polissya-SНSM-ZhDU (Zhytomyr), control group. Analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature and the Internet; method “Diagnosis of personality for motivation to succeed” (by T. Ehlers); method “Assessment of moral and psychological climate in the team” (according to L. Lutoshkin); method “Assessment of the psychological atmosphere in the team” (according to L. Zhedunova). Analysis and evaluation of competitive performance indicators. Pedagogical experiment. Statistical analysis. Results. The developed technology of optimization of psychological climate in volleyball contains the corresponding terms of application in a macrocycle of preparation: four consecutive developing complexes of psychological means (exercises, games and trainings). The technology of optimization of the psychological climate in the sports team of qualified volleyball players included specially developed psychological and pedagogical tasks, exercises, situational role-playing games. Interpretation and generalization of experimental research indicators allows us to state that the athletes of VC “Orbita-ZNU-RCYSS” (Zaporizhzhya) in 80% of cases have a tendency to correlate the indicators of optimizing the psychological climate and increase the effectiveness of competitive activities. Conclusions. The developed technology of optimization of psychological climate in volleyball contains the corresponding terms of application in a macrocycle of preparation: four consecutive developing complexes of psychological means (exercises, games and trainings). The technology of optimization of the psychological climate in the sports team of qualified volleyball players included specially developed psychological and pedagogical tasks, exercises, situational role-playing games. Interpretation and generalization of experimental research indicators allows us to state that the athletes of VC “Orbita-ZNU-RCYSS” (Zaporizhzhya) in 80% of cases have a tendency to correlate the indicators of optimizing the psychological climate and increase the effectiveness of competitive activities.

Model characteristics of competitive activity of female MMA mixed martial arts fighters of different weight classes

Purpose: to determine model characteristics of the competitive activity of female MMA mixed martial arts athletes of different weight classes. Material &amp; Method: the study involved 150 top female mixed martial arts MMA fighters. Participants were divided into 3 groups according to the weight class of 50 athletes each: Strawweight (48 kg to 52 kg), Flyweight (52 kg to 56 kg), and Bantamweight (56 kg to 61 kg). The following methods were used: analysis of scientific and methodological information and Internet sources; generalization of best practices; analysis of protocols and videos of competitive activities; methods of mathematical statistics. Results: female athletes of each weight class have their characteristics in terms of competitive activity indicators. Thus, the finish of the fight with a striking differential, attempts, and accuracy of takedowns is significantly better (p&lt;0.05-0.01) in women`s strawweight fighters. Strawweight female fighters perform a large number of sig strikes landed, which have high accuracy, due to which they win the fight, and this is explained by a large arsenal of technical and tactical actions. Women’s flyweight fighters need more time to finish the fight early. They also have the least number of sig strikes landed during the fight, which are performed with little accuracy, and this is due to the rational distribution of strength in a fight. Women’s bantamweight fighters conduct a large number of knockdowns landed and submissions during the entire fight, this can be explained by the high level of development of special endurance. It was found that the representatives of all weight classes perform mostly distance strikes landed and their sig head strikes landed are the best ones. Conclusions: applying methods of pedagogical observation and mathematical statistics allowed us to determine the structure and model characteristics of modern competitive activities of elite female mixed martial arts MMA athletes for each weight class. The model characteristics obtained during the study can be used to plan the training process of qualified female athletes and to solve the issues of managing their preparation for competitions.

Nutrition, Vision, and Cognition in Sport: E-Sport Gaming Athletes

ObjectivesEsports, a competitive athletic activity in which high levels of attention and cognitive performance are required, is growing across the globe. Improving Esport athlete performance, namely cognitive endurance and resilience may lie in nutritional strategies. Dairy products have been hypothesized to improve cognitive performance due to their high-quality proteins and associated bioactive peptides, lipids, electrolyte composition, vitamin D, and gut microbiota modulations with fermented dairy products. Rather than individual nutrients, dairy's balanced food matrix may contribute to improved cognition though investigations of dairy's link to Esports and cognitive performance is lacking. The Nutrition, Vision, and Cognition in Sport Studies investigate nutritional and behavioral factors that can influence cognition in 3-dimensional multiple objects tracking test (3DMOT) via NeuroTracker X software. It was hypothesized that Esport Athletes would not consume recommended dairy servings and dairy consumption would be positively associated with cognitive performance, focus and stamina as well as gaming rank/status.MethodsProfessional, elite, and experienced male and female gamers (16–36-years old) completed 10 food records and completed 20 NeuroTracker X sessions over a period of 8 days. Participants were instructed to maintain their normal eating patterns throughout the duration of the study. Physical activity and sleep data were recorded via activity trackers. Preliminary surveys were also completed regarding sleep, activity, depression risk/index, and gaming rank and status.ResultsThe average amount of dairy servings consumed per day was 0.41 servings (cup equivalents). This is below the recommended 3 cups per day. Average NeuroTracker Score for participants was 1.62. Of our 57 participants, 51% play video games daily and 33% play these games for 4 hours or less per day. 60% of participants are considered professional gamers as they play for an Esports team. The average age of the participants is 23. The correlation between dairy intake with NeuroTracker performance was not significant (p > 0.05).Conclusions Esport athletes did not consume the recommended number of dairy servings, however this did not appear to impair their NeuroTracker performance.Funding SourcesThis work is funded by Dairy MAX.

Modeling of training and competitive activity of athletes and reasons for a conflict of interest

The features of modeling the training-competitive process of athletes and the reasons for the conflict of interest between its participants at various stages of training and competitive activity are highlighted. Modeling should be carried out taking into account certain regularities in the formation of a sports form, the effectiveness of participation in competitions, the individual characteristics of athletes, objective and subjective conditions in which the training process and competitive activity take place. The effectiveness of the preparation process lies in the correspondence of the content of practical modeling to the conditions and features of competitive activity. The main objective and subjective reasons for the emergence of a conflict of interest at various stages of training and competitive activity are identified through the prism of the main didactic principles of education. Conclusions: The organization and effective management of the process of training athletes provides for the development and implementation of various models. The initial data for modeling competitive activity are the results of athletes' performances in previous competitions, taking into account performance stability indicators, and not just the best result achieved in one competition. The features of the methodology for modeling the process of training athletes are in the individualization of the training process and the compilation of a predictive model for the implementation of their level of preparedness. Failure to respect the formal and informal relationship between the coach and the athlete leads to a conflict of interest. The grounds for contradictions and the emergence of conflicts can be both objective and subjective reasons, as well as mixed, objective- subjective reasons.