Compatibility Factor Research Articles

Understanding the usability of retail fashion brand chatbots: Evidence from customer expectations and experiences

The existing literature suggests that chatbots tend to provide automated and generic responses that may not fully address complex customer inquiries, particularly when additional guidance is required. To improve the usability of retail fashion brands, this study examines how socially constructed experiences and expectations influence customer interactions. Data was collected from various sources, including online reviews, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions, to enhance the credibility of the results. The research reveals that individuals in the retail industry demand a broader variety of fashion products and more sophisticated capabilities to bolster the reminiscence of their shopping experiences. Retail fashion chatbots hold potential in recommending items that align with customers' preferences and goals, yet it is crucial for developers and brand managers to address numerous usability challenges and provide multilingual assistance to boost user engagement. Moreover, optimizing fashion retail chatbots is vital to reduce battery consumption, curtail instances of conversation window freezing, and hasten response times. This study provides a novel research framework that offers valuable insights on how to enhance the retail customer experience by improving interactivity, compatibility, credibility, and other factors that promote the use and adoption of retail fashion chatbots.

Deformation mechanisms of as-extruded Mg–3Bi–1Ca (wt.%) alloy during room-temperature tension

In this work, the deformation mechanisms of the as-extruded Mg–3Bi–1Ca (BX31, wt.%) alloy with strength-ductility synergy during room-temperature tension were studied in detail by in-situ electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD), slip trace analysis, visco-plastic self-consistent (VPSC) modeling and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The quantitative results of in-situ EBSD and slip trace analysis showed that basal <a> slips offered most of the deformation at the early stage, and with increasing strains the proportions of non-basal slips and {10-12} extension twinning gradually increased. At the medium and later stages, each deformation mode approached to be stable and the macroscopic strain became uniform. The critical resolved shear stresses (CRSSs) of different dislocation slip systems were estimated to establish the VPSC modeling. The VPSC-simulated results were highly consistent with the experimental ones. On the other hand, the microcosmic deformation incompatibility gave rise to the hetero-deformation induced (HDI) stress, caused by the distinct schmid factor (SF) and the low geometrical compatibility factor (m’) between adjacent grains. Geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs, especially for the pyramidal <c+a> edge dislocations) near grain boundaries would be generated to accommodate the deformation incompatibility. In addition, the basal <a> screw dislocations in {10-12} extension twin interiors were also observed, which provided the extra strain hardening capacity.

Introduction of the Polymer Compatibility Factor for Preparation of Pitch-Based Carbon Foams by Polymer-Assisted Template Foaming

Introduction of the Polymer Compatibility Factor for Preparation of Pitch-Based Carbon Foams by Polymer-Assisted Template Foaming

Effect of treated Alfa fibers on hydration kinetics, mechanical, and adhesion properties of fiber cement composite

The addition of Alfa fibers into a cementitious matrix leads to a composite with improved mechanical properties – in particular, its flexural strength. However, Alfa fibers have been found to degrade over time, due to the highly alkaline environment of the cementitious medium. This study examined the effect of treatments applied to the Alfa fibers on the mechanical performances and adhesion of the cementitious composite. Treatments of the surface of the Alfa fibers (alkaline and hydrothermal treatments, coating with sulfoaluminate cement, ultrasound and enzymatic treatments) were applied, with the aim of improving the behavior in the long term. The raw and treated Alfa fibers were incorporated into cement mortars, at different lengths (10 and 20 mm), at an addition rate of 1% vol. After 90 days, an improvement in flexural strength was observed in the mortars with 1% vol. of treated fibers; contrary to untreated fibers. The alkaline and hydrothermal treatments are the most effective of the bunch. An increase in the strengths of 44% and 32% respectively was noted, in comparison to untreated fiber. This finding was confirmed by a modification in the hydration reactions of the composites. A compatibility factor between the fiber and mortar was determined, showing that composites with Alfa fibers having undergone alkaline and hydrothermal treatments are more compatible with the mortar. To measure the interactions (shear stress) between the Alfa fiber and the cement mortar, a specific measuring device, based on a fiber immersed in mortar, was put in place. An increase in shear stress with fibers after treatment, suggesting that the fiber/mortar adherence properties are improved.

The rules of acupoint selection of acupuncture and moxibustion for aphasia based on data mining

To explore the rules of acupoint selection for aphasia treated with acupuncture and moxibustion using data mining technology. From January 1, 2000 to April 1, 2022, the articles for clinical researches of acupuncture and moxibustion for aphasia published in CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase were searched. Using Microsoft Excel 2021, the database was set up to analyze the use frequency of acupoint, meridian tropism, acupoint distribution and the use of specific points. SPSS26.0 was adopted for factor analysis, SPSS Modeler 18.0 was for association rule analysis of prescriptions, and Gephi 0.9.5 was to plot the co-occurrence network diagrams of acupoints and meridians. A total of 140 articles were collated, including 146 acupuncture and moxibustion prescriptions and 189 acupoints. The total use frequency of these acupoints was 1 211. Lianquan (CV 23), Jinjin (EX-HN 12), Yuye (EX-HN 13), Baihui (GV 20) and Yamen (GV 15) were the top 5 acupoints of the high use frequency for aphasia treated with acupuncture and moxibustion. Among 189 acupoints collected, the extra points and empirical points were mostly selected. The top 3 involved meridians were the governor vessel, the gallbladder meridian of foot-shaoyang and the conception vessel. These acupoints were mostly distributed on the head, face and neck region. The use frequency of five-shu points was the highest among the specific points. The acupoint combinations of high frequency referred to Yuye (EX-HN 13)-Jinjin (EX-HN 12), Yuye (EX-HN 13)-Lianquan (CV 23)-Jinjin (EX-HN 12), and Fengchi (GB 20)-Yuye (EX-HN 13)-Jinjin (EX-HN 12). Factor analysis extracted 10 common factors for acupoint compatibility in treatment of aphasia with acupuncture and moxibustion. In clinical treatment of aphasia with acupuncture and moxibustion, the local acupoints are preferred. The core acupoints include Lianquan (CV 23), Jinjin (EX-HN 12), Yuye (EX-HN 13), Baihui (GV 20) and Yamen (GV 15). The acupoint prescription is modified flexibly according to syndrome differentiation to enhance the therapeutic effect.

Relationship between Σ3 Boundaries, Dislocation Slip, and Plasticity in Pure Nickel.

This study investigated the relationship between the Σ3 boundaries, dislocation slip, and plasticity in pure nickel wires after grain boundary (GB) modification. Both quasi in situ tensile tests and simulations were employed. During plastic deformation, twins surrounded by Σ3 boundaries may exhibit a good deformation coordination. With an increase in strain, the slip systems corresponding to the maximum Schmid factor and the actual activated slip systems remain unchanged. Even sub-grains can maintain the dominant slip system of their origin matrix grains. Slip systems with slip planes (111) and (1-1-1) are the most active. Moreover, random boundaries have strong hindering effects on dislocations, and the nearby stress accumulates continuously with an increase in strain. In contrast, Σ3 boundaries demonstrate weak blocking effects and can release the nearby stress due to their unique interfacial structures, which is favorable for improving plasticity. They are more penetrable for dislocations or may react with the piled dislocations. In addition, some Σ3 boundaries can improve their geometrical compatibility factor with an increase in the strain, which enhances the deformation coordination of the grains. The research results provide a better understanding of the plasticizing mechanism for face-centered cubic (fcc) materials after grain boundary modification.

Thermoelectric device performance beyond average ZT: Holistic consideration of materials and design

In the current era where many renewable energy technologies are commercially mature and optimized, thermoelectrics remain relatively under-utilized. This can be partly attributed to their limited device efficiencies despite their high materials performances. On the materials level, the performance of thermoelectrics can be defined by zT or average zT, which is directly correlated to device power conversion efficiency. Due to this direct correlation, it is a longstanding assumption that maximizing average zT will result in higher efficiency. Although this practice holds true for many cases, it does not provide a complete picture due to the complex interplay between electronic and thermal transport properties. In this work, we surveyed the literature to find that high average zT does not always translate to high efficiency. Instead, it was found that compatibility factor, which dictates the optimal ratio of electrical and heat current passing through the material, is equally important in determining the device efficiency. Other factors such as electrical and thermal impedance matching, as well as contact resistance are also discussed. This review concludes with food for thought on future thermoelectric research beyond average zT to realize the untapped potential in this special class of materials.

Transfer or blockage: Unraveling the interaction between deformation twinning and grain boundary in tantalum under shock loading with molecular dynamics

The interaction between {112}<111> deformation twinning and grain boundary in coaxial polycrystalline tantalum under shock compression was studied with molecular dynamics simulation under different grain pair misorientation angles (MA) and geometric compatibility factor (m’). Generally, in the coaxial polycrystal, the value of MA determines the occurrence of twin transfer (TT) or twin blockage (TB), i.e., twin transfer occurs at MA ≤ 29° with twin blockage otherwise. Under TT, the value of m’ affects the selection of twin variants., i.e., the twin system with a larger m’ is easier to active. The morphology of twin pairs is ruler-shaped and lenticular under TT and TB, respectively, with different thickening mechanisms, including grain boundary dislocation emission.

Adoption and use of smart devices as clickers in classrooms in higher education

AbstractThe availability of students' smartphones, tablets, and laptops, known as bring your own devices (BYOD), used as clickers rather than the custom devices provided by institutions is increasing. Introducing BYOD as clickers and the level of adoption by students is not explored in the literature. Another element that is not reported in the literature is students' negative perception of the use of clickers. This paper reports on the factors of the adoption of BYOD and the impact of the use of BYOD for engagement and active learning. The study used mixed‐method data analysis. A questionnaire was used to collect qualitative and quantitative data from 78 students. The technology acceptance model (TAM3) was used to develop a partial least square‐structural equation modeling (PLS‐SEM) model to test hypotheses on the factors affecting the adoption of BYOD by students as clickers. PLS‐SEM was used to test the proposed hypotheses based on TAM3 factors. The qualitative data analysis indicates that BYOD has a role as a facilitator of active learning and engagement. Job relevance has a weak positive relationship with output quality; result demonstrability has a negative weak relationship with resistance to adoption. Incompatibility of BYOD as a clicker acts as a factor for the nonadoption of the technology. This research suggested the inclusion of the BYOD technology compatibility factor for analyzing the perception of usefulness. The findings have particular implications for curriculum planners and educators.

Machine learning approach to packaging compatibility testing in the new product development process

The paper compares the effectiveness of selected machine learning methods as modelling tools supporting the selection of a packaging type in new product development process. The main goal of the developed model is to reduce the risk of failure in compatibility tests which are preformed to ensure safety, durability, and efficacy of the finished product for the entire period of its shelf life and consumer use. This kind of testing is mandatory inter alia for all aerosol packaging as any mechanical alterations of the packaging can cause the pressurized product to unseal and stop working properly. Moreover, aerosol products are classified as dangerous goods and any leaking of the product or propellent can be a serious hazard to the storage place, environment, and final consumer. Thus, basic compatibility observations of metal aerosol packaging (i.e. general corrosion, pitting corrosion, coating blistering or detinning) and different compatibility factors (e.g. formula ingredients, water contamination, pH, package material and coatings) were discussed. Artificial intelligence methods applied in the design process can reduce the lengthy testing time as well as developing costs and help benefit from the knowledge and experience of technologists stored in historical data in databases.

Enhancing mechanical properties of friction stir welded AZ31 alloys by post-weld compression

In this work, the friction stir welded AZ31 joint was processed by a two-step post-weld deformation (i.e. compression at room temperature and an elevated temperature, respectively). The microstructure, texture and mechanical properties were systematically investigated. Profuse extension twins were observed after the first-step cold compression along normal direction, which largely affected the dynamic recrystallisation process during the second-step hot compression. Finally, the grain orientations and their convergence on the weld side were effectively altered, thereby contributing substantially to the enhancement of joint performance. Compared to the original joint, the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation were improved 64.7%, 20.8% and 52.5%, respectively. The underline strengthening mechanism was discussed by a comprehensive analysis of Schmid factor and geometric compatibility factor.

CRISPR/Cas9-guided knockout of eIF4E improves Wheat yellow mosaic virus resistance without yield penalty.

CRISPR/Cas9-guided knockout of eIF4E improves Wheat yellow mosaic virus resistance without yield penalty.

Is the e-payment gateway system sustainable in India – Analysis through the interpretive structural model approach

Globally, digital payment has been seen as a common feature of developed countries. A gap was identified in literature regarding identification of the most critical variables in e-payment and the development of a model for the sustainability of e-payment. The purpose of the present study is to fill this gap, by identifying and modelling the critical factors influencing e-payment sustainability. The study also looks at the sustainability of the e-payment gateway system and develops the interpretive structural model (ISM) approach. The cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification (MICMAC) analysis technique has been used. Results of the study shows that behavioural intention, compatibility, trialability, trust, security, perceived cost and other factors play a significant role in the commitment of the consumer towards e-payment. The findings of the study will guide government, corporates and policy makers while framing strategies and policies for the sustainability of digital payment – a cashless move in India.

Compatibilidade do enxerto e seu efeito no crescimento da fruta de abacate cv. Hass

ABSTRACT The rootstock/scion morphological alterations are one of the limitations in the use of grafting, which has been defined as an incompatibility between these two tissues. However the effect of rootstock-scion interactions on reproductive potential, fruit set, yield efficiency, and avocado fruit quality characteristics are complex and poorly understood. This research aimed to evaluate the fruit growth of avocado cv. Hass in trees with incompatibilities between the rootstock and the graft in the main producing regions in Colombia. The split-plot design with a locality-blocking factor was used. The main plot corresponded to the compatibility and harvest factor, and the subplots to the age of fruit development. The statistical analysis consisted of a mixed linear model for the variables of respiratory rate and morphological growth of the fruit, performing a significant multiple difference test using the adjustment for multiplicity by family through Holm’s correction. The compatibility treatment and the harvest season did not affect the fruit respiratory rate nor the variables of growth and development of cv. Hass. However, the age of development significantly affected both the respiratory rate and the variables of fruit growth.

Heterogeneous fiberous structured Mg-Zn-Zr alloy with superior strength-ductility synergy

• The heterogeneous fiberous structured ZK60 Mg alloy was obtained by conventional extrusion method with high yield strength of ∼ 345 MPa, ultimate tensile strength of ∼ 370 MPa and high tensile strain of ∼ 20.5%, superior than most ZK60 Mg alloys reported so far. • The excellent mechanical properties were mainly attributed to the heterogeneous fiberous structure that was characterized by alternating coarse- and fine-grain layers, nanoscale precipitates and profuse < c + a > dislocations. The novel heterogeneous fiberous structured ZK60 Mg alloy have achieved superior strength-ductility synergy. • A novel design of alternating coarse- and fine-grain layered structure was considered to be a general strategy for promoting the strength-ductility synergy of hexagonal close-packed (hcp) metals. Here we reported a heterogeneous fiberous structured Mg-5.6Zn-0.6Zr (wt%) alloy obtained by conventional extrusion method, which exhibited high yield strength of ∼ 345 MPa, ultimate tensile strength of ∼ 370 MPa, and high tensile strain of ∼ 20.5%, superior to most of the Mg-Zn based alloys reported so far. The extraordinarily high mechanical properties were mainly attributed to the heterogeneous fiberous structure consisting of alternating coarse- and fine-grain layers. Grains in the different layers grew into the neighboring layers, ensuring a good layer bonding. A high Schmid factor and geometric compatibility factor for pyramidal slip led to full slip transfer between the neighboring coarse grains and fine grains, which could help to release the stress concentration and avoid early fracture. The profuse activated <c + a> glide dislocations could render the unprecedented high tensile strain. The constraint by the hard fine-grain domains made the soft coarse-grain domains strong like the hard fine-grain domains, as well as the nanoscale precipitates pinning dislocations, contributed to the high strength. The heterogeneous microstructure design was shown to have synergistic improvement in strength-ductility balance, which could be an inspiring strategy to improve mechanical properties of hexagonal close-packed (hcp) metals.

Experiences, Challenges and Coping Strategies of Never Married Single Women in Pakistan – A Qualitative Analysis

Objective. Intimate relationships have their own vital position in any psychological and social wellbeing hierarchy. This study aims to understand the reasons why some women over 30 years of age remain single, and the social dynamics associated with their marital status. Method. The study collected data through semi-structured interview of 8 educated Pakistani women aged between 30-36 years, living in Karachi. The Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis approach was used to explore the causes of singlehood. Results. The transcribed interviews were analyzed, and common themes and phrases were identified. Five main themes were derived namely similarity/affinity, freedom, ambition, match making process and unpleasent life experiences. Conclusion. Study findings highlighted that principal reasons for being single are compatibility factor and safeguarding ambition/freedom. Family pressures, lack of support to travel/live alone and social commentary are the main challenges faced by single women. Self-help strategies and virtual support groups are the major coping mechanism employed.

Enhancement of low-temperature thermoelectric performance via Pb doping in Cu3SbSe4

We investigated the synthesis protocols of the pure and Pb-doped bulk polycrystalline Cu3Sb1-xPbxSe4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.04) system and studied their crystallographic and thermoelectric properties intending to reach a high figure of merit (ZT). The solid-state reaction method under a 10−5 Torr vacuum was employed to synthesize the pristine and doped samples. The Rietveld analysis of room-temperature X-ray diffraction confirmed tetragonal structure with space group I4‾2m for all studied compositions. The electrical resistivity [ρ(T)] demonstrated a degenerate semiconducting behavior for pure as well as doped samples. The overall ρ(T) increased with increasing Pb content. The positive values of Seebeck coefficient [S(T)] data in the investigated temperature range for all the studied compositions revealed that holes played a major role in the conduction mechanism. The S(T) values rose with increased temperature, a characteristic of degenerate semiconductors. The temperature-dependent Seebeck coefficient data analysis revealed a narrow bandgap behavior for all studied samples. The analysis suggests that the electronic thermal conductivity only contributed up to 1% to the total thermal conductivity, and the remaining 99% was contributed by lattice thermal conductivity. The estimated ZT values showed as much as 20% enhancement at 380 K for a 1% doped sample, Cu3Sb0.99Pb0.01Se4. The thermoelectric compatibility factor decreased with doping, and a maximum value (1.14 V−1) was found for the pristine sample at 250 K.

Wearable E‐Skin Microgrid with Battery‐Based, Self‐Regulated Bioenergy Module for Epidermal Sweat Sensing

AbstractEnergy‐autonomous wearable systems and wearable microgrids have been a focus of developing the next‐generation wearable electronics due to their ability to harvest energy and to fully support the sustainable operation of wearable electronics. However, existing bioenergy harvesters require complex and low‐efficiency voltage regulation circuitry and have not achieved reliable extended operation and energy storage. In this work, the first example of integrating sweat lactate biofuel cells with a rechargeable Zn–AgCl battery into a bioenergy module for regulation‐free, high‐efficiency, extended biochemical energy harvesting and storage is demonstrated. The integrated bioenergy module is able to operate at its best efficiency due to their matching operating potentials and is characterized by robust mechanical durability enduring over 1000 cycles of repeated tensile deformation, as well as the outstanding long‐term autonomous operation that harvest 2.9 J of energy overnight from 20 min of exercise without measurable self‐discharge. A fully integrated wearable electronic skin patch, powered by two such bioenergy modules, is developed to wirelessly perform continuous sweat pH, ascorbic acid, and lactate sensing. The presented bioenergy module, adapting the wearable microgrid design considerations, delivers a practical, high‐efficiency, and reliable solution for next‐generation wearable electronics that features compatible form factors, commensurate performance, and complementary characteristics.

Comprehensive rehabilitation outcome measurement scale (CROMS): development and preliminary validation of an interdisciplinary measure for rehabilitation outcomes

IntroductionComprehensive and interdisciplinary measurement of rehabilitation outcome is an essential part of the assessment and prognosis of a patient. Thus, this requires substantial contributions from the patient, their family and the rehabilitation professional working with them. Moreover, the measurement tool should be comprehensive and must consider the cultural compatibility, cost efficiency and contextual factors of the region.MethodsThe Comprehensive Rehabilitation Outcome Measurement Scale (CROMS) was developed through consensus and followed the Delphi process incorporating inputs from various rehabilitation professionals. The domains and items were finalized using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The tool was validated in two native languages and back-translated considering the semantic equivalence of the scale. Intra-class correlation coefficient was performed to determine the agreement between the therapist and patient-reported scales.ResultsThe final CROMS carries 32 comprehensive items that can be completed by the person with disability and the professional team. CROMS compares well to similar items on FIM (l ICC of 0.93) and has good internal consistency with a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.92 for both patient and therapist reported measures.ConclusionsThe 32 item CROMS is a tool that can potentially be used to evaluate the functional independence of various patient populations, predominantly patients with neurological disabilities.

Geometric compatibility measure m′ for twin transmission: A predictor or descriptor?

In this work, the geometric compatibility factor m’ is critically analyzed to assess whether it can be used to interpret/predict twin transmission (TT) across grain boundaries (GBs). This geometric measure is widely used to relate the likelihood of TT to the misalignment of both the shear and plane-normal directions within a twin set (i.e., incoming and outgoing twin). Using a large set of electron back scattering diffraction (EBSD) data, a detailed statistical analysis of twin-GB interactions is performed for { 10 1 ̅ 2 } tensile twins in hexagonal close-packed (HCP) metals Mg, Zr, and Ti at different strain levels. In addition, a full-field crystal plasticity model is employed to quantify the role of local stresses and the applicability of m’ as a criterion for the TT process. This combined study addresses the following three main questions: (i) What is the fidelity of m’ in describing experimentally observed TTs? (ii) Can m’ be used as a metric to predict/anticipate TT? (iii) Does m’ naturally capture local stress effects? As a descriptor, m’ cannot rationalize ~25% of TT events observed in Mg or more than 50% of TT events in Zr and Ti. As a predictor, the m’-measure does not predict TT events in over ~50% of twin-GB interactions analyzed. Further, the applicability of m’ to describe and predict TT events decreases with an increase in elastic anisotropy, plastic anisotropy, and macroscopic strain levels. Finally, the twinning simulations reveal that m’ does not capture the key effects of local stresses on variant selection upon twin transmission. The local stress induced by the twinning shear transformation plays a dominant role in driving the TT process compared to the geometric alignment of the constituting twins, i.e., m’ .