Company Executives Research Articles

Problems of power transmission accident rate (on example of JSC "Omskenergosbyt" )

A study and analysis of electric power transmission through the JSC Omskenergosbyt electric networks over the period 2014 – 2022 have been carried out. The structural and balance features of the company are analyzed, the characteristics of the key elements of the studied electrical networks are given, with a number of shortcomings in the disclosure of information noted. Based on public information on the accident rate in the company's electrical networks, an estimate has been made of the number of emergency situations that occurred during the period under study, as well as the magnitude of electrical power under-supply caused by these interruptions. The classification of emergency damages according to the amount of electrical power under-supply as a result of these failures has been made. The percentages of such failures are determined. Various methods for predictive assessment of power supply reliability level in the company's networks are analyzed, and a conclusion is made about the applicability of predictive models of statistical methods. Autoregressive equations have been obtained, the analysis of which allowed to have numerical predictive values of the number of possible emergency failures broken down by months of 2023. The influence of the seasonal component on the number of emergencies during the period under study has beenis considered.General scientific methods, numerical methods of analysis, statistical and cybernetic methods of making predictive models were used in the study. Excel spreadsheet technologies, MATLAB software environment, as well as the Oracle software were used as computational tools. The results obtained may be of interest to chief executives of power grid companies , as well as researchers and engineers engaged in research in the field of power supply reliability.

Aggregate insider trading and stock market volatility in the UK

This paper examines the relationship between aggregate insider trading (AIT) and stock market volatility using monthly data on insider transactions by UK executives in public limited companies for the period January 2002 - December 2020. More specifically, a Vector Autoregression (VAR) model is estimated, and impulse response analysis is carried out. The main finding is that higher AIT (more specifically, insider purchases) leads to a short-run increase in stock market volatility; this can be attributed to a combination of insiders manipulating the timing and content of the information they release and the revelation of new economy-wide information to the market. The UK being a well-regulated market, it is plausible that the main driver of the increase in stock market volatility should be the information effect. These results are shown to be robust to using alternative (direct) measures of AIT.

Research on the influence of equity incentive and internal control quality on company investment decision under the 14th five-year plan

ABSTRACT With the increasing intensification of market competition, companies need to implement innovative strategies to gain market advantages. As an effective measure for companies to reduce agency costs between management and shareholders and alleviate the conflict of interest between the two, equity incentive can directly affect the behaviour of company executives. Investment decision is the foundation of a company’s healthy growth and cash flow growth in the future. This paper selects the panel data of Chinese listed companies from 2011 to 2021 as a sample, uses the quality of internal control as an intermediary variable in the process of measuring the implementation of equity incentives, and empirically studies the relationship between equity incentives and corporate investment decisions. The results show that there is a positive correlation between equity incentives and investment decisions, and the quality of internal control plays an intermediary role between the two. Equity incentive can optimize the internal control, improve the quality of internal control, so as to effectively promote the investment decision of companies. The implementation of equity incentives gives companies a competitive advantage while also adding momentum to economic development, thereby enhancing national competitiveness.

OPTIMIZATION OF CORPORATE STRATEGY: ELIMINATION OF INEFFECTIVE ECONOMIC COMPONENTS

This article addresses the crucial issue of optimizing corporate strategies in the context of modern economic instability. The authors explore information processing methodologies necessary for identifying and eliminating ineffective economic components in the strategic planning of a company. The article examines the results of analyzing the experiences of both domestic and international companies in the field of corporate strategy optimization. The main emphasis is placed on the utilization of contemporary methods and tools for information processing, such as semantic analysis, comparative analysis, juxtaposition, and others, to obtain objective data and numerical assessments. The authors highlight key factors that should be considered when optimizing a corporate strategy, including efficiency, profitability, risks, competitiveness, and others. They also discuss approaches to selecting sources of information and data processing methods. The article provides practical recommendations for company executives to improve the strategic decision-making processes, enhance the overall socio-economic state, and increase the competitiveness of the enterprise in the conditions of economic instability.

The AGM as a site of contestation: evaluating the tactics of environmental shareholder activists

ABSTRACT The politics of climate change in Australia remains highly fraught, this is despite the country experiencing acute impacts of a changing climate including mega-fires, floods, and severe and prolonged drought. Government inaction has led to limited market signals encouraging producers or consumers to move away from carbon intensive energy production to clean energy. In the absence of regulation, Australian shareholder activists are engaging directly with company boards and executives to reform corporate behaviour. This engagement, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) shareholder activism, has proliferated since 2017, much later than in comparable jurisdictions. Activists have targeted the mining, oil and gas, and finance sectors, due to their contribution to the Australian economy and their direct impact on global emissions. This paper explores the reasons for, and the implications of, the growth in ESG shareholder activism in Australia. It argues that the emergence of this activism in Australia was delayed due to complexities in the country's corporations' law. Regulatory attempts at stymying ESG shareholder activism resulted in the emergence of a duopoly of actors, at the cost of broader investor and civil society engagement. It is concluded that the rise of ESG shareholder activism in Australia is linked to growing tension between societal expectations, regulation, and the behaviour of firms. And, that ESG activists have been successful in leveraging this tension. There is evidence that large corporates have responded to activist claims, rendering this form of activism a potentially effective method for addressing some of the most pressing issues facing society.

Why Competitive Intelligence Fail: Interrogating the Correlates of CI Failure in the Nigerian Brewery Industry

Globally, as businesses grapple with uncertainties and challenges of growth and expansion, competitive intelligence failure has remained an obvious reality. This work therefore attempts to evaluate the intervening variables underlying the menace of competitive intelligence failure in the business world. Specifically, the study identifies the factors responsible for CI failures in the brewery industry in Nigeria. The identified factors include; lack of planning and management skills by managers and top company executives, faulty business decision making process and implementation by management and lack of coordinated organisational culture and political climate in the brewery industry in the country. In reaching these analytical premises, the study adopted a quantitative evaluation of some breweries in Nigeria to determine the pattern and trends of the competitive intelligence correlates and offered corresponding recommendations that will help to mitigate the menace of competitive failure in Nigeria.
 Key Words: Competitive Intelligence, Correlates, Failure, Nigeria, Brewery Industry

“The Situation Will Most Likely Turn Ugly”: Corporate Counter-Insurgency and Sexual Violence at a Canadian-Owned Mine in Guatemala

This paper offers a window into the terrain of corporate influence over violence in the mining industry. The research draws on over 300 pages of internal communications and other corpo-rate documents, which were produced by Vancouver-based Skye Resources and released pub-licly as an affidavit in a civil court case in Ontario, Canada. The documents demonstrate the roles of mining company executives and their collaborators in coordinating events that led to the gang rape of eleven Maya Q’eqchi’ women in Guatemala during a 2007 land eviction. Ana-lyzing the documents through a framework of corporate counter-insurgency (co-COIN), the pa-per explores the importance of international consultants and local elite networks in co-COIN campaigns. The case study explored in this paper contributes to the theorization of public-pri-vate repressive forces within co-COIN. The research also offers a visual tool to map actors in other instances of mining violence, which is intended for use by both academic researchers and anti-mining social movements.

Team Communication in the Workplace: Interplay of Communication Channels and Performance

This study examines how communication channel use explains the effectiveness of workplace team communication through Media Richness Theory and Media Synchronicity Theory. It examines how job characteristics, personal attributes, communication channel usage, and team performance are interrelated in the workplace. The results of an online survey of 400 full-time employees and executives of large Japanese companies show that team communication effectiveness, including the degree of team coordination, inclusion, and performance satisfaction, can be explained through a combination of rich (synchronous) and lean (asynchronous) media use. The implications of using communication channels in the workplace are also discussed.

The Impact of Digital Transformation on ESG Performance Based on the Mediating Effect of Dynamic Capabilities

The United Nations Development Summit in 2015 adopted the “2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”, establishing a framework for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with the aim of achieving coordinated economic, social, and ecological development worldwide by 2030. The “environmental, social, and governance” (ESG) approach is important within the concept of SDGs and is the subject of increasing attention from scholars. Despite China’s significant contributions to the SDGs, it still faces numerous challenges in terms of environmental and governance development. With the ongoing development of digital technology, many Chinese enterprises aspire to harness the dividends of digital transformation in order to achieve SDGs. In this study, we aim to help companies understand how they can improve their ESG performance through digital transformation. We use a sample of A-share listed companies in China from 2011 to 2020 to construct a digital transformation index by profiling the frequency of digital-related words in companies’ annual reports using textual analysis. Furthermore, we empirically examine the direct effect of digital transformation on companies’ level of ESG disclosure and explore the mediating effect of dynamic capabilities on the impact of digital transformation on ESG performance. Empirical testing reveals that digital transformation indeed has a positive impact on enterprises’ ESG performance, and digital technology innovation can enhance ESG performance through dynamic capabilities such as green innovation, social responsibility, and operational management. The findings indicate that companies need to actively develop and promote digital technologies to obtain the benefits of digital transformation, with company executives including advanced technology in their decision-making and operational processes in an effort to promote innovation and management efficiency, thereby improving their ESG performance.

Localization Construction of Directors'Liability Insurance System

As an insurance to reduce the company's business risks caused by directors' misconduct, the directors' liability insurance system has not fully demonstrated its function and shows signs of acclimatization. From the perspective of comparative law, the author examines the institutional background and functional evolution of directors' liability insurance in the United States, the former doubts and adaptations in the British law, and the continuation and evolution in the German law, which provides enlightenment for exploring the dilemma of directors' liability insurance system in China and the way to improve it. Directors' liability insurance is not an isolated insurance law adjustment content, and China lacks systematic substantive rules and procedural implementation mechanisms for directors' obligations. The Company law has laid a legal foundation for directors' liability insurance to play its function, supplemented by lower level norms such as regulations at the regulatory level, and gradually expanded the scope of applicable subjects of directors' liability insurance to all types of company directors and executives. Then from the level of insurance law system, the localization of directors' liability insurance clauses is realized, and the unification of the main clauses of the contracts of various insurance companies is promoted, which provides a feasible way to perfect the directors' liability insurance system in our country.

Application of ChatGPT in Business Management and Strategic Decision Making

In the era of globalisation and the information technology revolution, businesses are faced with increasingly complex and dynamic challenges. Business managers and company executives are required to make the right and fast strategic decisions to maintain the company's competitive advantage in a rapidly changing market. Along with the development of AI and NLP, technology applications in business management have undergone significant developments. One of the latest promising innovations is the use of ChatGPT in the context of business management and strategic decision-making. This research aims to investigate the application of ChatGPT in the context of business management and strategic decision-making. This research is a literature review that adopts a qualitative method approach, which means it will analyse and interpret data by relying on information and text from various sources. The study results show that the application of ChatGPT in business management and strategic decision-making offers great potential for improving the efficiency, productivity and quality of decision-making. With its ability to provide quick responses, in-depth data analysis and personalised interactions, ChatGPT can be a valuable intelligent assistant for enterprises. Key benefits of using ChatGPT in business management are improved customer service, business process automation, and more data-driven decision-making.

"Feminist Borers from Within": The CBS Women's Advisory Council and Media Workplace Reform in the 1970s

abstract: In the early 1970s, women who worked at the corporate headquarters of NBC, ABC, and CBS formed groups meant to correct gender inequalities in their workplaces. What began as informal measures taken by a small number of women soon expanded into organized, large-scale reform efforts. Once formalized, the women's groups shaped company policies, formed alliances among workers, and liaised between women employees and company executives for the betterment of women workers. With a focus on the most successful of the groups—the Women's Advisory Council at CBS—this article illustrates how feminist concerns found voice in a corporate media culture, demonstrates the value of a women workers' collective, and re-evaluates the tactics and players of media reform in the age of women's liberation.

Technology adoption as survival strategy for small and medium enterprises during COVID-19

Globally, operational capabilities of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have been immensely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, forcing many companies to use technology and innovation rather than the more traditional methods of operations. As the extent to which SMEs’ adoption of technological tools is still unknown, this study assesses the technological transformations and the challenges facing SMEs during the pandemic. It also evaluates the levels of customers satisfaction and future technological innovation plans in SMEs. Using quantitative and qualitative primary date, we empirically examine how COVID-19 lockdowns accelerated technology use in Omani SMEs and test eight hypotheses applying paired t test and Pearson’s correlation. Although the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been globally felt, this study focuses on the effect of the pandemic on SMEs operating in the logistics and supply chain sector in the Sultanate of Oman. The primary data used was collected through the survey questionnaire and interviews with business owners and company executives covering the period 2020–2021. The results show strong correlations between technology use before and during COVID-19; technology use during COVID-19 and in future; and technology use before COVID-19 and in future. They also reveal that technology adoption has been a successful persistence strategy during the pandemic and that highly digitized SMEs are more likely to adopt industry 4.0 technology. The findings are expected to have practical implications for policy making by investing and developing digital infrastructure to accelerate digital transformation, while company executives appreciating the requirements and benefits of adopting innovation and technology solutions to remain competitive. We acknowledge the limitation of our study to only SMEs in the Sultanate of Oman and within a short period of time during the COVID-19 pandemic. This makes it hard to generalize our findings; hence, we recommend further research in other business sectors and countries in the post-pandemic to corroborate our findings and compare outcomes. To the best of the authors' knowledge, no research has been done on SMEs that consider technological transformation during COVID-19. The study will advance knowledge of the development and adoption of technology in SMEs, as well as their impacts on productivity and efficiency.

Management effectiveness as a driver of sustainable business performance in Bangladesh's selected electronic companies' adoption of revolution 4.0

This study examines how managerial efficiency drives sustainable business success in selected electronic enterprises in Bangladesh's implementation of Industry 4.0, also known as Revolution 4.0. Industry 4.0's rapid evolution requires a thorough grasp of how management practices affect business results in the electronic industry, which is crucial to the country's economic growth and technical improvement. Structured surveys are delivered to electronic company executives, middle management, and workers in the research. Correlation analysis and regression modelling are used to identify empirical correlations between management effectiveness indicators and sustainable business performance measurements. Management effectiveness and sector 4.0 implementation in the Bangladeshi electronic sector are the subject of the research. This study should illuminate management effectiveness factors that affect Industry 4.0 technology and practice integration. The research should also discover managerial practices that boost sustainable business success. These findings can help policymakers, industry practitioners, and researchers improve management and technological adoption to boost Bangladesh's electronic economy in Revolution 4.0.

An evaluation of the relationship between company performance and executive pay of telecommunications companies listed on the Johannesburg stock exchange in South Africa

South Africa has experienced difficult trade conditions over recent years. South Africa’s real Gross Domestic Product growth rate from 2016 to 2021 has grown at less than 1.5%. This current economic condition makes it difficult for company executives to increase revenue, thereby increasing share price. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between company performance and executive pay of telecommunications companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in South Africa. The study adopted a quantitative research approach to gather and analyse published information from selected Johannesburg Stock Exchange-listed telecommunications companies in South Africa.

HUMAN RESOURCES PLANNING AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: TELECOMS IN FOCUS

The study examined the relationship between human resource planning and the organizational performance of telecom companies in Delta State. The objectives of the study were to; ascertain the relationship between workforce forecasting and organizational performance; determine the relationship between recruitment and selection and organizational performance; examine the relationship between employee training and development and organizational performance and determine the relationship between employee retention and organizational performance. The study employed a cross-sectional research design. A sample size of 169 was selected from the Human Resources executives of Telecom companies. Data collected through questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regressions. Results from the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between human resources planning (workforce forecasting, recruitment and selection, training and development and employee retention) and organizational performance. In line with the study, it was recommended that HR managers of telecom companies should align their HR planning with organizational goals and this planning should be evaluated from time to time. It also recommended that HR managers should put up measures to retain their skilled employees as this would enhance organizational performance
 Keywords: Human Resources Planning, Forecasting, Relationship, and Organizational Performance.

CAPITAL STRUCTURE CHOICES IN SERVICES FIRMS: EMPIRICAL RESULTS FROM NIGERIA LISTED COMPANIES

The effects of the worldwide economic slump, which was largely triggered by SARS-CoV-2, have undermined the profitability of businesses. As a result, the overarching goal of this research is to look into the impact of capital structure choices on the financial performance of services firms quoted on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX). With an adjusted population of 11 listed services firms in Nigeria, the analysis spans from 2011 to 2020. The secondary data was collected from the annual reports of the selected enterprises and African financials, using an ex-post facto design. The generalised least square model was employed for the analysis of the data. While both retained earnings and total debt have a positive and significant influence on earnings per share, short-term and long-term debts, and equity were insignificant, according to the findings. The study, on the other hand, suggests that company executives save earnings to be spent solely on rainy days in order to minimize negative shocks that could harm a company's going-concern objective.

Understanding the Critical Inducers of International Contractors' Corruption

International contractors' corruption severely threatens the transparency and sustainability of the construction industry. This study aims to identify critical inducers of international contractors' corruption and explore their interrelationships. Leveraging the fraud diamond theory, the critical inducers were identified through the semi-systematic review, context analysis, and a two-round Delphi survey with 26 experts. Then, the cause-effect associations among the critical inducers were captured by integrating the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method and the interpretive structure modeling (ISM) method. Following this hybrid approach, the corruption inducer system incorporating 12 inducers and 32 conditions was proposed. Institutional pressure and inefficient compliance management were the most critical inducers in the system. Additionally, the interrelationships among these inducers were organized into a seven-level hierarchy pattern. Intricate rules and institutional pressure were the root causes of corruption. Inadequate formal sanctions were the key node in the causal chain. Neutralization techniques and execution skills were the immediate causes of corruption. This study develops the corruption inducer system by combining theory with practice in the international construction industry. It contributes to the sparse research on corruption by clarifying the cause-effect relationships among inducers from a holistic perspective. The findings would help industry practitioners, multinational company executives, and international aspirants understand corruption comprehensively and prioritize countermeasures.

Sustainability, Natural Gas Consumption, and Environmental Pollution in the Period of Industry 4.0 in Turkey: MS-Granger Causality and Fourier Granger Causality Analysis

The effects of environmental pollution and Industry 4.0 on a sustainable environment are the main topic of this study, which may be regarded as a complement to the literature on energy and the environment. The paper aims to investigate the relation between Industry 4.0 (I4.0) and environmental sustainability, which is very important for policymakers, practitioners, and company executives in the period of Industry 4.0 in Turkey. To this end, natural gas consumption and technology patents as control variables of Industry 4.0, in addition to the variables of environmental pollution and economic growth, were selected during the period of 1988 to 2022 using Markov switching VAR (MS-VAR), Markov switching Granger causality (MS-GC), Fourier VAR (FVAR), and Granger causality (FGC) techniques. The reason for covering the period starting in 1988 is its recognition as the beginning of the Industry 4.0 era with AutoIDLab in 1988. According to the causality results, there was unidirectional causality running from technology patents to environmental pollution in the results of both MS-GC and FGC. However, the directions of causality between natural gas consumption and environmental pollution, and between economic growth and environmental pollution differed between regimes in the MS-GC model. Bidirectional causality was determined between economic growth and environmental pollution in the first MS-GC regime. However, in the second regime, unidirectional causality from economic growth to environmental pollution was determined. The causality direction determined by Fourier causality gave the same result with the second regime. A similar finding was observed in the direction of causality between natural gas consumption and CO2 emissions. While MS-GC determined unidirectional causality from natural gas consumption to environmental pollution in the first regime, a bidirectional causality result between GC and environmental pollution was determined in the second regime. The FGC result was similar to the second regime result. And lastly, the MS-GC and FGC methods determined unidirectional causality from Industry 4.0 to environmental pollution.

Avrupa’da Faaliyet Gösteren Havayolu İşletmelerinin Finansal Performans Analizi: CRITIC Temelli MAUT ve MARCOS Yöntemleri

This paper aims to measure the financial performance of 6 airline operators operating in Europe between the periods of 2019-2021. For performance measurement, 8 financial criteria were used: current ratio, cash ratio, financial leverage ratio, equity multiplier, asset turnover rate, equity turnover rate, return on equity and return on assets ratio. For the analysis of these criteria, the importance levels of the criteria related to the CRITIC method, one of the MCDM methods, were determined. At the same time, with the MAUT and MARCOS methods, the financial performance ranking of the airline enterprises was obtained according to the relevant years. According to the findings of the CRITIC method; It was determined that asset turnover rate in 2019 and financial leverage ratio criteria in 2020 and 2019 were the most important criteria. As a result of the MAUT method, it was concluded that the airline with the best financial performance in 2019, 2020 and 2021 was Air France. According to the findings of the MARCOS method, the airline with the highest financial performance in 2019 was Pegasus Airlines and in 2020 and 2021 it was determined as EasyJet.