This study aims to analyze the development strategy of the coastal tourism industry in Aceh Besar Regency in order to optimize regional potential. Aceh Besar Regency has a variety of rich beach tourism potential, but it has not been fully utilized to support regional economic growth and community welfare. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with a field study approach, through observation, interviews, and the dissemination of questionnaires to the community, business actors, and beach tourism visitors. The analysis is focused on the existing conditions of coastal tourism, development strategies that can be carried out, as well as supporting and inhibiting factors in the process of optimizing regional potential. The results of the study show that the optimization of beach tourism potential can be achieved through improving the quality of infrastructure, strengthening destination promotion, developing a creative economy based on local communities, and applying environmental sustainability principles. With the right strategy, the development of the coastal tourism industry in Aceh Besar Regency has the potential to make a significant contribution to regional development and improving community welfare.

This study examines how the Karen Rice–Merit Networks (RMNs) in Northern Thailand express a lived religio-cultural solidarity grounded in the indigenous philosophy of the Nine Grains of Rice. Rooted in the Theology of Rice, this worldview sacralizes agriculture by linking rice’s life cycle to Christ’s Paschal Mystery. Using a qualitative design, the research draws on semi-structured interviews with 10 Karen priests, 2 organic intellectuals, and 3 RMN coordinators, supported by textual analysis of Church documents, participant observation of RMN’s zonal meeting, and diocesan records. Findings reveal that the RMNs embody three interrelated dimensions: (1) self and family welfare, fostering food security and moral formation; (2) community welfare, promoting mutual aid and social justice; and (3) spiritual welfare, integrating Eucharistic symbolism with Karen identity. These practices sustain a counter-capitalist ethos rooted in reciprocity and sufficiency. The study concludes that the Nine Grains of Rice provides a religio-cultural developmental model for constructing a Messianic Society, and it recommends deeper youth engagement, ecological formation, and contextual catechesis to ensure the continuity of the missiological economy of grace.

Raja Ampat as the center of world marine biodiversity faces serious threats from nickel mining, including sedimentation, air pollution, ecosystem damage, and socio-economic impacts on coastal communities, thus creating a conflict between positive legal regulations that grant mining permits and Islamic legal principles on environmental conservation. This study aims to identify marine and terrestrial environmental phenomena resulting from the presence of mining in Raja Ampat, analyze the mechanisms of positive legal regulations in managing these impacts, and explore Islamic legal perspectives and solutions to formulate integrative policy recommendations. Using a qualitative normative juridical approach through secondary data literature study with comparative content analysis and source triangulation, the study found that PT Gag Nikel's activities caused net deforestation of 52.42 hectares, coral bleaching of up to 70%, heavy metal pollution that threatens the food chain, and the loss of fishermen's livelihoods; positive law shows the inconsistency of old regulations with the prohibition of mining on small islands, while Islamic law emphasizes the principle of caliphate, the prohibition of facade fi al-ard, la dharar wa la dhirar, and Maqashid Syariah to encourage conservation management such as ecotourism and sustainable fisheries. In conclusion, the integration of both legal frameworks can produce operational policies to stop mining exploitation, prioritize ecosystem preservation, and ensure the welfare of local communities, with implications for sustainable collaborative governance in conservation areas.

The development of culinary tourism in Kulon Progo Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, is a strategic step to increase local tourism potential and strengthen the regional economy. This article aims to identify and develop the potential of culinary tourism in Kulon Progo through the synergy of SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis and tour guide optimization. The method used is qualitative descriptive, with a focus on gastronomy, the role of tour guides, and SWOT analysis to evaluate strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in the culinary industry in this area. The research involves a literature review and data collection related to tour guides, culinary business actors, and tourists. The results of the SWOT analysis show that the strength of Kulon Progo lies in the rich local culinary and cultural diversity, while the weaknesses faced include a lack of promotion and infrastructure support. Great opportunities arise from the ever-growing trend of gastronomic tourism, while the threat comes from competition with other culinary destinations. Optimization of tour guides through training of communication skills and in-depth knowledge of local cuisine was identified as a strategic step to improve the traveler experience. In addition, improving the quality of tour guide services can increase tourist satisfaction and loyalty. This article recommends the development of a tour guide training program that is integrated with culinary business actors. This article also recommends collaboration and mutually beneficial contributions between all parties to the planning and development of sustainable tourism in the area. The synergy between SWOT analysis and tour guide optimization is expected to encourage the growth of the culinary tourism industry in Kulon Progo, attract more visitors, and improve the welfare of the local community.

This study examines the level of transparency and accountability in the management of the Community Livelihood Plantation Program (Tanaman Kehidupan) in Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province, as part of efforts to support community empowerment around forest areas. Using a qualitative research approach through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis, the findings indicate that the implementation of the program has not fulfilled the principles of good governance, particularly in the dimensions of transparency, accountability, and public participation. The results show that there is no availability and accessibility of management documents, no open mechanism for reporting and monitoring, and no clear regulatory basis for cash-based fund distribution, which has led to public distrust and potential misuse of financial resources. These conditions illustrate that the implementation of the Community Livelihood Plantation Program has not effectively contributed to improving the welfare and empowerment of forest-dependent communities. Therefore, a collaborative governance model is needed through transparent reporting systems, participatory decision-making, strengthened regulatory frameworks, and partnership schemes between companies, cooperatives, government, and the community to ensure program sustainability and accountability.

Prior research has pointed to the interaction effect between formal and informal institutions in public goods provision, but the mechanism remains under-investigated. This paper contributes to the research agenda by analyzing both field observations and panel surveys collected in rural China. Employing a mixed-method approach with qualitative analyses and a comparative study, this paper finds synergic interactions between resources invested from formal institutions and local lineage groups in uni-surname villages, leading to successful public goods provision. Conversely, in multi-surname villages characterized by subnetworks and factions, governance from formal institutions does not resonate with informal institutions, and thus public goods provision fails. Results underscore that governance from formal institutions alone is insufficient for the provision of public goods in rural China. The internal synergy of informal institutions is equally pivotal for community well-being. These findings advance our understanding of the interplay among government investment, local network structures, and public goods provision in rural settings.

This study aims to analyze the measurement of strategic performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) using the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) approach in Sudajaya Girang Village, Sukabumi Regency. MSMEs play a vital role in driving local economic growth, creating employment opportunities, and improving community welfare. However, performance measurement systems of MSMEs have largely focused on financial aspects, while sustainability dimensions have received less attention. The implementation of the ESG framework is expected to provide a more comprehensive perspective in assessing MSMEs’ performance, covering environmental responsibility, social contribution, and good governance practices. This study employs a descriptive-qualitative approach with a case study of MSMEs in Sudajaya Girang Village. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis, and analyzed using data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing techniques. The findings indicate that the level of understanding of ESG principles among MSME actors is varied, with implementation mostly concentrated on social and governance aspects, while environmental considerations remain limited. By applying ESG-based measurement, this study proposes a more inclusive strategic performance evaluation framework, which can serve as a guideline for developing sustainability-oriented MSMEs and supporting the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

This study analyzes the role of the Indonesian Army Engineer Company (Kompi Zeni TNI AD) – Garuda Contingent in MONUSCO in the United Nations peacekeeping mission under MONUSCO (United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo). The research focus is directed at the contribution of this unit in supporting security sector reforms and post-conflict development in Beni Province, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This study fills a research gap related to the involvement of Indonesian military engineering units in peace missions, which has so far highlighted more aspects of diplomacy and infantry forces. The method used is descriptive qualitative with in-depth interview techniques, field observations, and documentation studies. Primary data were obtained through the direct experience of Zeni Company Task Force personnel in the field, while secondary data came from MONUSCO reports, UN publications, and academic literature. The analysis was carried out through data reduction, presentation, and triangulation verification to ensure the validity of the findings. The results of the study show that the TNI AD Zeni Company plays an important role in the development of strategic infrastructure such as the Beni-Eringeti-Kainama road and the Halulu bridge, which have a real impact on improving the security, mobility, and welfare of the local community. These findings confirm that the participation of the Zeni Company not only strengthens the effectiveness of MONUSCO's mandate in civilian protection, but also strengthens Indonesia's defense diplomacy and demonstrates a model of military-civilian synergy in realizing sustainable peace in Africa.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) more and more people are interested in this field as a result of the development and use of technology in Indonesia. As a result of the rapid development of technology, artificial intelligence (AI) has begun to influence various aspects of our lives, including the world of business and the realm of public administration. In Indonesia, the development of artificial intelligence has become one of the main focuses in the country's efforts to increase innovation and competitiveness. Artificial intelligence (AI) has brought major changes to every aspect of human life, one of which is the taxation system. One of the largest sources of state treasury revenue is taxes used for development to ensure people's welfare. As a result, the country's welfare development is very dependent on the income sector. However, it is difficult for the country to collect taxes because so many taxpayers do not pay them, which is a problem in itself. Tax is a mandatory contribution to the state owed according to regulations by a taxpayer (WP), who can be directly appointed who does not receive achievements which are used to finance general expenses for running the government. The Indonesian government institution tasked with collecting tax revenues as well as carrying out tax administration functions is the Directorate General of Taxes. Indonesia is a country of law and all forms of action taken by the government and society must be based on applicable legal norms. The government must rethink and modernize the tax system to overcome this problem, especially by utilizing increasingly sophisticated digital technology. Artificial intelligence is a digital technology that can be used as a solution to existing problems.

The development of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) based on local potential is a crucial strategy for improving the welfare of rural communities, including MSMEs producing kerupuk rambak catfish crackers managed by the Joint Business Group (Kelompok Usaha Bersama, KUB) Rukun Makmur in Sobo Village. However, limited knowledge and skills among business actors in production processes and business management remain the main constraints on their development. This community service activity aimed to strengthen the capacity of MSME actors through community education grounded in andragogy. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach with a participatory design through training and production mentoring, with data collected via observation, interviews, and documentation. The results show that all participants were actively involved in the production process, most participants found it easier to understand production stages through hands-on practice, and there was an observable improvement in the neatness and uniformity of the kerupuk rambak catfish products. These findings indicate that an andragogical approach is effective in supporting contextual and applied adult learning and has the potential to serve as a sustainable community education–based assistance model for village MSMEs.

Rural women remain the backbone of agricultural and household economies in Assam. Their contribution is visible in farming, small businesses, and community-based activities. However, their work is often unpaid, unrecognized, and unsupported. This paper examines the livelihood activities, health conditions, and development challenges faced by women in selected villages of the Palengi area in Sivasagar district of Assam. The study focuses on Palengi Dhyan Pathar, Palengi Dhundar Mukh, and Palengi Kachari Pathar. Using a descriptive and qualitative approach, the paper highlights women’s engagement in agriculture, Self-Help Group activities, and small income-generating practices. It also discusses problems such as lack of land ownership, low wages, poor access to credit, domestic workload, health issues, and environmental challenges. The role of government welfare schemes and community participation is examined to understand their impact on women’s lives. The study finds that while rural women play a critical role in sustaining livelihoods, meaningful development requires better health services, financial access, infrastructure, and gender-sensitive policy interventions.

Urban towns and smart city governments face increasing challenges in maintaining ecological balance as urbanization, industrial activity, and climate dynamics evolve. The degradation of ecological gardens, biodiversity parks, and waterways adversely affects ecosystem stability, air and water quality, and community well-being. Conventional urban ecological systems rely on reactive assessment methods that detect damage only after it occurs, leading to delayed interventions, higher maintenance costs, and irreversible environmental harm. This study introduces a Graph–Transformer Neural Network (GTNet) as a data-driven and predictive framework for sustainable urban ecological management. GTNet provides real-time estimation of smart city garden health, addressing the gap in proactive environmental monitoring. The model captures spatial relationships and contextual dependencies among multimodal environmental features using Dynamic Graph Convolutional Neural Network (DGCNN) and Vision Transformer (ViT) layers. The preprocessing pipeline integrates Principal Component Aggregation with Orthogonal Constraints (PCAOC) for dimensionality reduction, Weighted Cross-Variance Selection (WCVS) for feature relevance, and Selective Equilibrium Resampling (SER) for class balancing, ensuring robustness and interpretability across complex ecological datasets. Two new metrics, Contextual Consistency Score (CCS) and Complexity-Weighted Accuracy (CWA), are introduced to evaluate model reliability and performance under diverse environmental conditions. Experimental results on Melbourne’s multi-year urban garden datasets demonstrate that GTNet outperforms baseline models such as Predictive Clustering Trees, LSTM networks, and Random Forests, achieving an AUC of 98.9%, CCS of 0.94, and CWA of 0.96. GTNet’s scalability, predictive accuracy, and computational efficiency establish it as a powerful framework for AI-driven ecological governance. This research supports the transition of future smart cities from reactive to proactive, transparent, and sustainable environmental management.

The grassroots leadership by women has become a revolution in rural India especially in the Panchayati Raj system that has seen women participating actively in it. This paper examines visual representation as an effective tool of recording, analyzing, and magnifying the lived experiences of elected women politicians. It does not rely on traditional policy and governance analyses but draws a visual-cultural approach to discuss portraits, photographs, and community-based visual stories as a means of telling a story, gaining strength, and political representation. The concepts analyzed include the ways in which visual stories can trap intersections between gender, caste, class, and local power dynamics, displaying the limited and determining women in the process of leadership. These delineations demonstrate some of the normal governing, negotiating, and survival practices, which refer to the women Panchayat leaders, not as symbolic recipients of constitutional reservations, but as time-takers of decision-making in the rural developing and social justice, and community welfare. The methodology of the work incorporates the visual analysis together with qualitative analysis based on the field documentation, interviews and participating observation to allow the development of the sensitive meaning-making and definition of representation. The results show that visual narratives are very effective in redefining how people view them and disrupting the stereotype of a passive political figure in rural women, and give confidence to young leaders. This visual documentation is a simultaneously archival, pedagogical, and political intervention, which adds to the feminist discourse, deepening democracy, and inclusive governance. The foregrounding of voices of women using images empowers the study by highlighting the possibilities of the visual culture as a tool of empowerment and social change at grassroots in rural India.

Trafficked persons experience adverse health consequences and seek help, but many go unrecognized by health-care professionals. This study explored professionals' perspectives on current approaches toward identifying and supporting trafficked persons in health-care settings, highlighting current technology roles, gaps, and future directions. We developed an interview guide to investigate current human trafficking (HT) approaches, safety procedures, and HT education. Semistructured interviews were conducted via Zoom, iteratively coded in Dedoose, and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. We interviewed 19 health-care and community group professionals and identified 3 themes: (1) participants described a responsibility to build trust with patients through compassionate communication, rapport, and trauma-informed approaches across different stages of care. (2) Technology played a dual role, as professionals navigated both benefits and challenges of tools such as Zoom, virtual interpreters, and cameras in trust building. (3) Safety and privacy concerns guided how participants documented patient encounters and shared community resources, ensuring confidentiality while supporting patient and community well-being. Technology can both support and hinder trust in health care, directly affecting trafficked patients and their safety. Informatics can improve care for trafficked persons, but further research is needed on technology-based interventions. We provide recommendations to strengthen trust, enhance safety, support trauma-informed care, and promote safe documentation practices. Effective sociotechnical approaches rely on trust, safety, and mindful documentation to support trafficked patients. Future research directions include refining the role of informatics in trauma-informed care to strengthen trust and mitigate unintended consequences.

Forest and land fires constitute a critical environmental challenge that extends beyond fire origin areas to affect urban residential communities. Pekauman Village exemplifies regions experiencing significant consequences from such fires, particularly manifested through deteriorating air quality and community well-being disruptions. This study aims to systematically describe community perceptions regarding the causal factors, multidimensional impacts, and adaptive strategies employed to address forest and land fire incidents in Pekauman Village, while evaluating the effectiveness of existing community responses. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach utilizing triangulated data collection methods including structured observations, in-depth interviews with community members, and comprehensive documentation analysis to capture nuanced community perspectives and experiences. Findings reveal that community members predominantly attribute fire occurrences to anthropogenic activities as the primary causal factor. The most pronounced impacts identified include minor respiratory health complications and substantially reduced comfort levels in daily activities due to persistent haze conditions. Interestingly, despite widespread environmental degradation, economic impacts remain minimally perceived by residents, suggesting differential vulnerability across impact dimensions. Nevertheless, fires demonstrably compromise overall quality of life through cumulative environmental and health stressors. The study concludes that human-induced factors dominate fire causation in community perception, with health and comfort dimensions representing primary concern areas. The limited economic impact perception indicates potential gaps in long-term consequence awareness or differential socioeconomic resilience mechanisms within the community. This research effectively captures grassroots perspectives on fire management challenges, providing empirical foundation for developing community-centered mitigation strategies and policy interventions that address both immediate health concerns and broader environmental sustainability in fire-prone regions.

Eco-tourism has emerged as a vital pillar of sustainable development, integrating environmental conservation with community participation and responsible travel. The accelerating digital transformation of the tourism sector has redefined eco-tourism practices, introducing new levels of efficiency, transparency, and inclusivity. This study provides a comprehensive review of how information technology (IT) tools and digital enterprises are reshaping eco-tourism ecosystems across global and Indian contexts. Drawing on secondary data from academic literature, policy reports, and corporate initiatives, the paper examines the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Internet of Things (IoT), Blockchain, Big Data Analytics, and mobile technologies in promoting sustainability. Global platforms such as Google, TripAdvisor, and Airbnb, alongside Indian initiatives like the Kerala Responsible Tourism Mission, Madhya Pradesh Eco-Tourism Board, and MakeMyTrip, are analyzed to assess their impact on environmental, social, and economic outcomes. Findings indicate that digitalization enhances resource management, visitor experience, and local empowerment, while aligning with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, challenges persist in digital inequality, data governance, and ethical implementation. The study concludes by proposing the framework of Responsible Digital Eco-Tourism (RDET), emphasizing technology’s role as an enabler of sustainability and community well-being rather than a driver of commercialization.

This analysis of the philosophical foundations of the right to health explores the contributions of rationalist, modernist, and critical thinkers, as well as theorists of justice and rights. Rationalists such as Descartes, Locke, Rousseau, and Kant laid the groundwork for a scientific understanding of health. Critical philosophers like Bentham, Arendt, Foucault, Goffman, and Sontag highlighted inequalities and power dynamics in access to healthcare. Lastly, theorists of justice and rights, including Rawls, Agamben, Sen, Nussbaum, Pogge, Farmer, Daniels, and Singer, developed ethical and political perspectives on health equity. A comprehensive examination of these philosophical perspectives on the right to health reveals a consensus on the fundamental importance of this right for human dignity and collective well-being. The right to health is inseparable from human dignity and social justice. Discrimination and vulnerabilities based on socio-economic status, gender, ethnicity, or other factors hinder access to healthcare and exacerbate health inequalities. To ensure equitable access to healthcare, it is imperative to recognize and address systemic discriminations and vulnerabilities that compromise the health and well-being of individuals and communities. Guaranteeing the right to health for all requires a firm commitment to equality, justice, and respect for human rights. It is a collective endeavor that requires the collaboration of all members of society, from governments to civil society organizations, healthcare professionals, and individuals themselves. By working together, we can build a future where health is truly a universal right, accessible to all without discrimination or exclusion.

Pleurotus ostreatus, commonly known as the oyster mushroom, is increasingly recognized as a key agrobiotechnological resource within sustainable development frameworks due to its ecological adaptability, rich nutritional profile, and broad socioeconomic contributions. This review integrates agroecological, socioeconomic, and biotechnological dimensions to examine its taxonomic identity, resilience to diverse environmental conditions, and efficiency in organic waste bioconversion. The species plays a critical role in circular bioeconomy strategies by advancing environmental sustainability, improving food and nutrition security, and supporting rural livelihoods through accessible, low-cost cultivation practices. Additionally, P. ostreatus demonstrates significant nutraceutical and pharmacological properties, making it a promising candidate for innovative biotechnological applications. Drawing on global and local case studies, this review highlights the species’ capacity to strengthen resilient agroecological systems and inclusive approaches to public health and livelihoods. Promoting its cultivation further enhances community well-being by generating equitable economic opportunities, empowering small-scale producers, and fostering social cohesion through sustainable food networks and shared resource systems. According to Mexico’s agroecological conditions, P. ostreatus represents a potential alternative to generate socioeconomic and nutritional benefits for the population at large.

ABSTRACT This study investigates the role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives in shaping brand equity, with a specific focus on demographic factors such as age, gender, education, and occupation. Using survey-based analysis of FMCG consumers, the research explores how different demographic segments perceive CSR activities and how these perceptions influence trust, loyalty, and overall brand equity. The findings suggest that younger consumers and highly educated respondents are more responsive to CSR initiatives related to sustainability and ethical practices, while older consumers emphasize community welfare and traditional responsibility. Gender differences highlight varying expectations, with female consumers showing stronger alignment with CSR initiatives in health and social welfare, whereas male consumers emphasize economic and employment-related contributions. Occupational status further influences brand equity formation, as professionals value CSR-driven innovation and quality, while non-professionals prioritize affordability and accessibility. The study underscores that CSR effectiveness in enhancing brand equity is contingent upon tailoring initiatives to diverse demographic expectations. Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Brand Equity, FMCG Industry, Responsible Branding etc.

This study aims to analyze the integration of Islamic economic principles and local wisdom in damar plantation management in Pakel Guci Alit Village, as well as its implications for community welfare and interreligious harmony. Historically, the village's economic activities are closely linked to damar cultivation, which not only functions as the main economic source but also serves as a social arena fostering solidarity, tolerance, and community cohesion. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, this research explores the experiences, perceptions, and collective meanings of community members through in-depth interviews, field observations, and participatory documentation. The findings indicate that the integration of sharia economic principles such as justice, trustworthiness, shura (consultation), proportional distribution, and prohibition of exploitation aligns with local wisdom practices including mutual cooperation, collective decision-making, and traditional communal rituals. These combined values create a sustainable, equitable, and inclusive economic governance system. The study further reveals that such value integration enhances not only economic productivity but also strengthens interreligious harmony, as socio-economic interactions occur within an ethical framework shared by all community members. This research contributes a new conceptual model of community-based economic development rooted in the synergy between religious values and local wisdom as a viable strategy for sustainable rural development .