Community Participation In Prevention Research Articles

Kasus Ikhtilath di Kabupaten Pidie: Tinjauan Terhadap Strategi Penyelesaian

The research method used to understand the mechanism of resolving cases of ikhtilath in Pidie District is qualitative research with direct data collection in the field. The results of the research show that cases of ikhtilath are not directly handled by the local village or sub-district authorities, but are handed over to the competent authorities because the perpetrators of ikhtilath often come from outside the area. This is done to ensure that the cases are resolved in accordance with the law and to deter the perpetrators and other members of the community. The mechanism for resolving cases of ikhtilath in Pidie District involves a legal process according to Qanun No. 6 of 2014. This process involves several parties, such as investigators, prosecutors, judges, and witnesses at the scene. Despite challenges such as limited resources and minimal budget, efforts are made to prevent ikhtilath through tighter security, family supervision, and community outreach. The sanctions imposed on perpetrators of ikhtilath are in accordance with existing regulations, but the lack of community participation in prevention and the shortage of PPNS investigators are inhibiting factors in handling these cases.

Exploring Community Participation in Prevention and Care of Tuberculosis from Patients’, Healthcare Providers’ and Community Member’s Perspective, In Wolayta Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia. A Qualitative Study

Background: In developing countries, tuberculosis (TB) continues to be the major cause of morbidity and mortality. To reduce the loss of lives and economical burden that TB poses up on citizens, early case detection and successful treatment of infected cases are very essential mainly with active community participation in prevention and care of TB. This study was aimed to explore community participation in prevention and care of TB in Wolayta Zone of SNNPR, Ethiopia. Method: Descriptive phenomenological research methodology was employed in the study. A total 24 participants were chosen using purposive sampling technique. Participants in the study were from various sections of society. Of these, 14 were TB patients on TB treatment and former TB patients who were recovered, 8 were health professionals and 2 were Key Informants which were selected from the community to provide key information. Data were gathered through focus groups and in-depth interviews. Using the Open Code and Colaizi 7 steps of descriptive phenomenological method data analysis was used. Interviews were audio recorded, verbatim transcribed, translated, and exhaustive description was written. Results: Community participation in prevention and care of TB in study area was high. Preventive participation and supportive participations were identified and these participations have their own goals in TB prevention and care. Preventive participation has focused on early case finding strategies like referring the suspect cases for TB diagnosis and contact tracing. Supportive participation has focused on treatment success such physical, economical, psychological and social supports which increase the patients adherence to treatment and as result increases treatment success rate. Conclusion. Our study revealed highto moderate community participation in tuberculosis prevention and care in the the study area. The finding is that the TB prevention and care strategy for eliminating TB will be operationally effective. In cumulative effect, the region might be able to meet the WHO's recommendations for the community TB prevention and care plan, which call for case notification of more than 70% and an 85% success rate for treatment and all seek to eliminating TB by 2030. Therefore, the study emphasizes the necessity for effective communication to be established between community and the health institutions. To further raise TB notification and treatment success rates, all feasible methods of utilizing community participation in TB care are advised.

What are the Forms and Obstacles of Community Participation in Environmental Damage Prevention?

This research examines the national and international legal frameworks governing community involvement in environmental damage prevention and the challenges and various forms of community participation in environmental damage prevention efforts globally. This study uses a qualitative method to conduct normative legal research, which involves a literature review of various international legal instruments and field cases related to community participation in the prevention of environmental damage and uses Seherly Arnenstein's theory of community participation to examine community participation in environmental conservation. The results show that community participation in preventing environmental damage has a legal position at the national and international levels. At the international level, several agreements, such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), and the Basel Convention, have established a legal framework for preventing environmental damage, including community participation. Meanwhile, at the national level, Law No. 32/2009 on Environmental Protection and Management (UU PPLH) has regulated the rights and obligations of the community in protecting the environment. Furthermore, this study found that community participation in preventing environmental damage can be done through various means, such as decision-making processes, access to environmental information, and participation in implementing environmental policies. However, there are still challenges and obstacles in its implementation, such as limited access to information, lack of public awareness, and lack of government and private sector support. Based on this, more significant efforts are needed to strengthen community participation in preventing environmental damage, including increasing access to environmental education and information and establishing more active and effective forums for community participation. The active involvement of the government, civil society organizations, and private institutions is needed to ensure that community participation in preventing environmental damage can be achieved.

Environmental Law and Policies for Problems in Industrial Clusters

The study purpose is to present Environmental Law and policies for problems in industrial clusters. Method: qualitative and analytical methods, descriptive method for primary model, synthesis and discussion methods in this paper. The Law has devoted an article to stipulating information disclosure and community participation in prevention and response to environmental incidents. Specifically, the Law has added the principle that environmental protection activities must be public and transparent; stipulate clearly the responsibility to publicize information related to air quality, soil quality, hazardous waste, waste monitoring results; responsibilities of ministries, ministerial-level agencies, provincial-level People's Committees and project owners, production and business establishments, concentrated production and business zones, and industrial clusters in providing and publicizing information on the environment

Density Figure of Aedes Aegypti Larvae and Community Participation in Prevention of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF)

The density of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae is a risk factor for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever transmission. Density Figure (DF) is a measurement to determine the success of Aedes aegypti control with four leading indicators (House Index/HI, Container Index/CI, Breteau Index/BI, and Larva Free Figure/ABJ). In addition, community participation, manifested in the Mosquito Nest Eradication Movement, is also essential to prevent and control DHF. This study determined the density figure of mosquito larvae and community participation in the DHF prevention in Oesapa Urban Village, Kupang City, in 2021. This research was a descriptive research type with a total sample of 99 households. Data univariably analysis on water container material, water container type, water container cover presence, and community participation. The results showed that most of the respondents used plastic water container material (57.51%), TPA container type (55.09%), and presented uncovered water container (63.05%). The DF of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae was in the high category with HI (35.36%), CI (51.86%), BI (324.42%), and ABJ of 64.65%. Therefore, the community should be more aware and consistent to apply PSN-DHF, focusing on 3M Plus implementation to reduce the incidence of DHF.

Knowledge Enhancement about COVID-19 Prevention on Community with Webinar Program

COVID-19 is increasingly difficult to control. There is evidence of an increase in cases during the beginning of December. There needs to be community participation in prevention and control efforts anywhere (including at home, public facilities and workplaces). Webinars are a method that can be used during a pandemic to increase public knowledge. In this activity, the results showed that some of the participants were female in the age group less than 30 years old with status as students. There was a significant increase in knowledge (p-value = 0.000) of community groups who were provided with counseling through webinars of 9.17 points. It is necessary to expand the reach of people who get counseling through webinars so that information or knowledge about the prevention and handling of COVID-19 can be widely spread throughout Indonesia.

Strengthening Community Participation in Prevention of Corruption through the Regulation Integrated Participative Correctional Institutions

The Article Entitled "Strengthening Public Participation in the Prevention of Corruption through the Regulation of Integrative Participative Institutions" is a normative study that wants to analyze the importance of the role of public participation in controlling the policies of prisons in Indonesia in order to minimize corrupt practices in prisons. The results of the authors' study found that there are obstacles in optimizing the role of public participation in efforts to prevent corruption in prisons, that correctional regulations do not strictly and in detail about community participation. Therefore, the solution offered in this paper is that the government or legislators immediately create regulations that accommodate public participation in controlling correctional policies in Indonesia through participatory correctional regulations. So that this can become a legal basis that provides legal certainty for the public to participate in preventing corruption in prisons

Community participation in prevention and control of infectious diseases

Historically, the health status of the people of Bangladesh has been greatly influenced by communicable diseases. Infant mortality, maternal mortality, life expectancy and many other health indicators are determined by diseases like cholera, malaria, kala-azar, tetanus and diphtheria. Contamination of water, prevalence of vectors, poor nutritional status and poor hygienic behaviour increase people’s vulnerability to sickness and death when exposed to various communicable diseases. In recent years, however, measures including provision of safe water, better nutritional interventions, vector management, and strengthened immunization efforts brought improvement in health scenario of the country. Health service is a basic requirement for every human being and it is liability of government to ensure adequate medical facilities to the people. People involvement is central to all aspects of human development of which health is one. During the last two decades it becomes obvious that people’s participation is not only beneficial but essential in the pursuit of better health objectives. According to the Alma-Ata conference in 1978, community participation was described as an essential component of primary health care.

Peningkatan Peran Masyarakat dalam Pencegahan KDRT Melalui Penyuluhan Anti Kekerasan Berbasis Gender

The research of participatory aims to increase community participation in prevention of domestic violence, through counseling against gender based violence. Research location in Semarang. Data collection techniques using direct observation, interviews with counseling participants, pre test and post test. The results of the analysis show that, there is an increase in people's knowledge and understanding of the Law on the Elimination of Domestic Violence, the situation of gender based violence and the problem of assistance and government programs in the elimination of gender based violence. In addition, there is a change in attitude shown through participant participation in activities, the ability to explain and describe the material that has been conveyed by the resource person, conveying ideas and thoughts about the steps and solutions that can be done in removing gender-based violence, and then domestic violence. Therefore, a religious approach should be developed to reduce religious fundamentalism which is detrimental to women in various extension, socialization, campaign and other activities

KAJIAN SOSIOLOGI HUKUM TERHADAP PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOTIKA OLEH ANAK

The aim of this research is to know (1) Efforts to prevent abuse of narcotics by children and to know (2) Factors influencing the effort of prevention of narcotics abuse by children. (3) Community participation in prevention of narcotics abuse by children. This research was conducted in Makassar District Court, Makassar City area. This type of research is empirical research with the approach of legal sociology. Types of data consisting of primary data and secondary data obtained through interviews and analyzed and then presented in the form of descriptive. The results showed that (1) Efforts to prevent abuse of narcotics by children in the city of Makassar has been running, but not yet effective, it is known from the number of children who abuse drugs continue to increase both in quality and quantity from year to year other than that harmonization apparatus law and community participation is still not optimal, so the results are not yet realized. (2) Factors affecting the effectiveness of worldviews and efforts of penal oriented, public understanding and perception about the dangers of narcotics abuse by children are minimal, and the level of public confidence in the legal apparatus is still low, the availability of supporting facilities and infrastructure is limited. (3) The lack of optimal participation of the community is caused by the working relationship of the law enforcement apparatus with the community has not been running well.

Pengaruh partisipasi masyarakat dalam pencegahan demam berdarah dengue (DBD) terhadap peningkatan kejadian DBD di Wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tegallalang I

This study was conducted to determine the image's participation in the prevention of DHF carried by people in Puskesmas Tegallalang I and prove that the participation of poor people prevention has experienced a higher risk for suffering from DHF. Methods: This was an analytic observational study with case control design. In this study, the researchers distinguish the population into two, namely the population of cases and population control / comparator (not the case). Samples in the case group number of 28 cases were determined by quota sampling technique selected and adapted to the proportion of each banjar in that village. The instrument used was a questionnaire. Results: The results showed as many as 60.7% had poor participation (value score of questionnaire 0-18). While in the control group, only 37.5% had poor participation. From 84 research samples, amounting to 45.2% or 38 people have poor participation on the prevention of DHF. Results showed the value of the odds ratio (OR) of 2.57 with a 95% confidence interval (1.01 to 6.53). Hypothesis test Chi Square shows the results of p = 0.04. It showed statistically with the participation of poor groups will have the possibility of 2.57 times to suffer from DHF than either group participation. Conclusion: Overview of participation in dengue prevention is done by people in Puskesmas Tegallalang I mostly included the participation of both groups. There are significant community participation in prevention of DHF to the increased incidence of DHF in Puskesmas Tegallalang I.

Enhancing Malaria Prevention in Cameroon Through Community Participation: An in-Depth Review

Despite 66 percent reduction in mortality between 2000 and 2015, malaria remains a major global public health problem, affecting mostly Sub-Saharan Africa. Cameroon remains endemic to malaria, with about 41 percent suffering at least one episode of malaria, annual overall mortality of 30 to 35 percent and 67 percent childhood mortality. Cameroon government’s subsidy on artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) for uncomplicated malaria, intermittent preventive treatment for pregnant women (IPTp), free distribution of insecticide treated bed nets (ITNs) to pregnant women and under-fives have been more of a top-down approach, with the affected communities mainly at the receiving end. Challenges of failed adherence to test results, drug and insecticide resistance, substandard and self-medication, low ITN ownership and utilisation have been identified, especially in the rural areas. This study reviews malaria prevention in Cameroon and proposes community based context-specific complementary interventions strategies that will promote community participation in prevention and mitigate the effects of poverty towards achievement of the sustainable development goals targets for malaria. The study involved an in-depth review of secondary data from electronic and non-electronic documents. Electronic search was done in Global Health, PubMed, governmental and non-governmental organisation websites, journals and google scholar. Non-electronic documents from the University of Leeds and World Health Organisation (WHO), Geneva libraries were also used. A conceptual framework on integrated community-based approach on intervention to prevent neglected tropical diseases and infectious diseases of poverty was adapted and used, while different intervention strategies were analysed. A total of 96 publications were eligible for inclusion. Analysis of the factors influencing malaria prevention in Cameroon, reveals that current measures alone are insufficient. Therefore, a combination of multiple delivery strategies using an integrated community-based approach is likely to be more effective in breaking the transmission cycle than single programme interventions. Concurrent implementation of community mobilisation through social groups and Village Development Committees, education on house screening, training of mothers and caregivers and health promotion through environmental management were recommended as the best and most feasible strategies to complement current interventions in Cameroon.

Extent of Community Participation in Prevention & Control of HIV/AIDS in Akpulu, Imo State, Nigeria

Extent of Community Participation in Prevention & Control of HIV/AIDS in Akpulu, Imo State, Nigeria

Community Participation, Dengue Fever Prevention and Control Practices in Swat, Pakistan.

The aim of this study was to determine the role of community participation in prevention of dengue fever in The Swat district located in the Northern area of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, which experienced a dengue fever outbreak in August, 2013. A total number of 8,963 dengue cases with 0.4% case fatality ratio were registered during the outbreak. A sample size of 354 respondents were proportionally allocated to each residential colony and then randomly selected. The association of independent variable (Community participation) and dependent variable (practices for control) were tested by using Chi Square test. Results regarding perception of practices for dengue control with community participation showed that: practices for control had significant association with organization of people to eradicate dengue mosquitoes (p=0.00), community leaders (p=0.04), community efforts (p≤0.01), use of insecticides by community people (p=0.00) and involvement of community people in awareness campaign (p=0.00). Similarly, significant associations were found between practices for control and community shared information during dengue outbreak (p=0.00), community link with health department, NGO, Other agencies (p=0.02). We conclude that the spread of dengue epidemic was aided by the ignorance, laziness of the community people and government agencies. However, the people, religious scholars, leaders and government agencies were not organized to participate in dengue prevention and eradication, hence, the chances of dengue infection increased in community. The study recommends mobilizing local communities and activating local leadership with active participation of Government and non-government organizations for initiation of preventive strategies.

Community Participation and the Emergence of Late-Life Depressive Symptoms: Differences between Women and Men

To understand the role of community participation in prevention of first lifetime depressive episode in older women and men. We used data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study to identify variables that predicted risk for the emergence of depressive symptoms and tested a hypothesis that community participation would protect women from depression more than it would protect men. The sample was drawn from Wisconsin high school graduates who were approximately 64-66 years of age in the 2003-2005 data collection period (n = 2546 with complete data meeting inclusion criteria.) The sample consisted of persons who had no evidence of current or prior lifetime depression in the 1993 data collection period. The emergence of high depressive symptoms was examined for women and men as a function of community participation and other covariates, including social support. The emergence of depressive symptoms for both sexes was predicted by poorer reported health status and higher levels of subthreshold depressive symptoms during the previous interview. For men, additional risk factors were pain and low income. For women, additional risks were widowhood, lower education, and lower community participation. Community participation, in the form of volunteering, religious attendance, and engagement in community organizations, is related to reduced risk of first-time depressive symptoms among older women.

Noncommunicable diseases: risk factors and regional strategies for prevention and care

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a major disease burden in the Region. Many of the risk factors are related to lifestyle and can be controlled. Physical inactivity, low fruit and vegetable intake, high fast food consumption and high cholesterol are predominant causes of cardiovascular disease and some cancers. Overweight and obesity can lead to metabolic changes and raise the risk of NCDs, including heart disease and type 2 diabetes. Three main strategies are proposed to deal with the problem: estimate need and advocate for action; develop national policies, strategies and plans for prevention and care; promote and implement community participation in prevention and care. NCDs are preventable using available knowledge; solutions are effective and highly cost-effective.

Environmental Behavior in Bangkok, Thailand: A Portrait of Attitudes, Values, and Behavior

This study describes existing demographic and housing characteristics in Bangkok Thailand and government provision of sanitation and water (SW) services and also describes health-related behaviors among slum dwellers. The exploratory study also examines the relationship between household values attitudes behaviors and action to solve environmental problems. A March 1994 survey of over 500 households found that housing was developed privately for a range of income levels with full access to modern services. For the very poor this housing was unaffordable. About 1.7 million persons lived in squatter settlements in 1992. The two agencies that manage water supplies are unable to meet demand. In slums waste collection is organized within the community; the government provides dumpsters. Respondents reported the most problems with vermin followed by bad water and social problems. Three cultural values were significant predictors of health-related behavior. Logistic models reveal that education and income levels were positively related to community participation in prevention and resolution of environmental problems. Long residence in slums and lack of belief in patron-client relationships were related to a greater likelihood of community participation. This study affirmed the importance of values and attitudes in shaping community environmental behavior.