Community Day-care Centers Research Articles

Research on Adaptability Analysis of Environmental Space Demand and Design Optimization of Daycare Centers: Taking Chongqing’s Community F as an Example

Currently, there is a lack of research on the detailed environmental spatial design of community daycare centers at the micro level. This study focuses on Community F in Chongqing, using the elderly’s “willingness to demand” as a central aspect. It examines indoor and outdoor environmental space needs at a micro level, considering both functional requirements and spiritual needs based on existing research. The analysis incorporates three adaptive elements: current construction, surrounding environment, and operational management. It explores the feasibility of restructuring spatial layouts, utilizing local resources, and integrating Bayu cultural characteristics. Finally, through design optimization practices, the study proposes three strategies for aging optimization: functional integration and interaction, user-friendly facilities, and emotional connections to place.

Research on the Evaluation System of Community Daycare Center Planning and Implementation from the Perspective of Subject-Object Relationships

Through literature review, we found that evaluations of urban planning implementation often focus narrowly on either the subject (stakeholders) or the object (projects), while micro-level aspects such as site selection and construction are primarily considered within the context of planning implementation. There is insufficient research on the evaluation of implementation. Community daycare centers play a crucial role in the community home care model, yet there is relatively little research on their usage efficiency, satisfaction levels, and spatial evaluation of planning implementation. Based on the theoretical understanding of the human environment, including the subject, object, and their interactions, an evaluation system for the planning and implementation of community day care centers was constructed, incorporating subjective evaluation, objective evaluation, and comparative analysis.

Food in the community daycare center: is it all about nutrition?

Abstract Background As the world's population continue to age, it's crucial to prioritize interventions that enhance quality of life, well-being, and health of older people. Sustainable environments that fulfill basic needs such as food and nutrition can aid in meeting the social needs of seniors, including belonging, autonomy, independence, and safety. The study aims to understand the experiences and meanings of eating and dining among seniors in community daycare centers, and how they support their social needs, with to goal of identifying effective strategies for promoting their health and well-being. Methods This qualitative study involved conducting seven focus groups of seniors (n = 23); interviews with settings managers (n = 7); and observations carried out between May to November 2022. Through content analysis, we identified key categories and themes that emerged from the data. Results The analysis revealed three main themes related to the experiences and perceptions of food and nutrition among seniors at the daycare center: (1) personal needs: seniors expressed a need for autonomy in selecting food, building menus, and choosing sitting arrangements. They also emphasized the importance of having access to hot and balanced meals (food security) that reflected their cultural and personal preferences. (2) Social needs: the need for companionship during mealtimes (comparing to eating alone at home), being cared for, and participation in social events such as dining out or attending picnics and parties. (3) Health-related needs: customized and healthy diets, education on healthy eating habits, and the use of reusable dishes and food waste reduction strategies to support environmental sustainability. Conclusions Meeting the personal, social, and health-related needs of seniors through better food planning and service can improve their well-being and quality of life, and contribute to public health. Key messages • Eating and dining in seniors’ settings is not only about nutrition but also about preserving health and well-being. • Interventions should focus on the opportunities that dining provides.

Caregivers' Compliance and Perception of Daycare Centers-A Community-Based Childhood Drowning Prevention Intervention Implemented in Rural Bangladesh.

Drowning was one of the most prevalent causes of death worldwide for children under five in 2020. Drowning was the second leading cause of death for children under five in Bangladesh, while 58% of all deaths in the 1–5 years old age group resulted from drowning. Adult supervision helps prevent child drowning in rural areas where water bodies are easily accessible and located very close to homes. This paper aims to assess caregivers’ compliance and perception of community daycare centers in rural Bangladesh, piloted as a child drowning prevention intervention. In this longitudinal study, each child enrolled in the daycare intervention was visited and data on compliance and satisfaction with the daycare were collected. Descriptive statistics on daycare attendance, patterns of supervision, and caregivers’ perceptions about daycare were reported. When inquired about daycare attendance (n = 226,552), a total of 77.4% of children (n = 175,321) were found to attend daycare. The distance from homes and an adult’s unavailability to take the child to daycare were the most common reasons for not attending or discontinuing enrollment. The majority of children (76.4%) were supervised by their mothers during daycare closures. A total of 67.7% of respondents perceived daycare to be a safe place, where children also developed cognitive (51.7%) and social skills (50.6%). There were no incidences of drowning among children while attending daycare. Rural families were found to be compliant with the daycare and professed it to be a safe place protecting children from drowning and other injuries, while allowing them to focus on household chores or income-generating activities. These findings indicate a potential for the expansion of this intervention in rural Bangladesh and similar settings.

Does Long-Term Enrollment in Day-Care Maintain or Increase Early Developmental Gains-Findings from an Intervention Study in Rural Bangladesh.

Objective: Community day-care centers (or crèches) are gaining popularity; access to these centers can reduce cognitive gaps. This paper describes the sustained impact of enrollment in day-cares on cognitive gains. Methods: As part of a larger study, a census of all children was conducted in 2012–2013 to identify children between 9 and 17 months of age in rural Bangladesh. A sub-sample of children (n = ~1000) were assigned to receive either a day-care or playpen. Children from two sub-districts were randomly selected and assessed at 9–17 months of age for cognitive and behavioral domains using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-III. The same children were then followed-up with after one year to see if the scores obtained by the children in the day-care intervention were different from those enrolled in the playpen intervention using a difference-in-difference estimator. Results: Children enrolled in the day-care intervention performed better (in communication, gross-motor, personal-social, and problem-solving domains) than children enrolled in the playpens when followed up with after a one-year period. Total scores were 0.31 (95% CI 0.141–0.472) higher (p value < 0.001) among children in the day-cares. Family care indicators as well as the child’s and mother’s weight were significantly associated with sustained and increased cognitive gains. Conclusion and relevance: The cognitive and psychosocial improvements seen with short-term exposure to structured ECD programs (day-care) were observed to be sustained over time with continued exposure. Home stimulation and parental involvement add to the long-term benefits of ECD.

Health Professionals' Recommendations for a Dementia Plan for China.

There is no specific national dementia plan concerning people with dementia in China. The purpose of this study was to explore health professionals' recommendations for a dementia plan for China to meet the needs of people with dementia. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 doctors and nurses using purposive maximum variation sampling. Data were interpreted inductively using thematic analysis. Four themes were identified. Themes on policy recommendations emphasized a need to support people with dementia and those who care for them, including the development of community daycare centers, specialized dementia care units in hospitals, and specialized nursing homes. Improvement in dementia care in China is needed, including services across all care settings. Programs to train and support family caregivers and help health professionals to detect, diagnose and treat dementia are crucial. Further support for the families of people with dementia is required.

The Influence of Nonpharmacological Complex Therapy Conducted at a Community Day-Care Center on Cognitive function and Mood in Older Adults.

IntroductionNonpharmacological interventions in the elderly may lead to the reduction of cognitive and depressive symptoms. The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in cognitive functions and mood in older adults participating in therapy, conducted in the community day-care center (CD-CC).Patients and MethodsThe study group (SG) included 46 elderly adults (21 M, 25 W), the control group (CG) included 45 adults (12 M, 33 W), who participated in the activities of the University of the Third Age. The following measuring tools were used: Mini-Mental State Examination, Clock-Drawing Test, Verbal Fluency Test, Digit Span Test, Stroop Color and Word Test, Beck’s Depression Inventory, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The intervention consisted of CD-CC 6-month nonpharmacological therapy.ResultsIn the SG, compared to the CG, the scores on all the cognitive tests were significantly lower, Beck’s Depression Inventory was significantly higher. After intervention, the SG and the CG did not show substantial differences in their scores on the Mini-Mental State Examination, Clock-Drawing Test, and Beck’s Depression Inventory. In the SG, a significant improvement was reported on the Verbal Fluency Test, Beck’s Depression Inventory and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores.ConclusionThe CD-CC complex therapy can be helpful for cognitive and emotional elderly functioning.

Genotypic distribution of Staphylococcus aureus colonizing children and adolescents in daycare centers, an outpatient clinic, and hospitals in a major Brazilian urban setting

Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization is a major risk factor for infection. Studies have suggested an epidemiologic shift in the methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains that circulate in Brazil. We conducted cross-sectional studies of MRSA carriage among 1) children and adolescents in community daycare centers, 2) an outpatient clinic, and 3) hospitals in a large Brazilian metropolitan setting. There were 1.500 study subjects, 500 from each locale: 768 (51.2%) carried S. aureus whereas 150 (10%) of these were colonized with MRSA. The most common lineages were the Southwest Pacific (SWP) and the Pediatric clones in all three groups. Roughly 50% of SWP carried Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) (p < 0.01) genes while 63.3% of the Pediatric clones were resistant or intermediately resistant to erythromycin (p < 0.01). This study describes a clonal change of the Brazilian epidemic clone (BEC) to the Pediatric and SWP lineages in Brazil. This finding has implications for clinical management of MRSA infections.

The influence of trunk muscle strength on walking velocity in elderly people with sarcopenia.

[Purpose] Sarcopenia increases the risk of falls and fractures. However, its relationship with walking, which is the generation mechanism of falls, has not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to clarify the trunk muscle strength and the characteristics of walking, in elderly people with sarcopenia. [Participants and Methods] The participants were 40 elderly people aged 65 years and over. The participants were able to walk without assistance and were attending outpatient rehabilitation or community day-care centers. The assessment and measurement items included: the presence or absence of sarcopenia (using the diagnostic criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia), lower limb and trunk muscle strength, and characteristics of walking. The participants were divided into two groups depending on the presence or absence of sarcopenia, and a comparison was made between the two groups. [Results] The participants in the sarcopenia group had significantly lower trunk extension muscle strength as compared to the participants in the non-sarcopenia group. In addition, the hip joint maximum flexion moment, ankle joint maximum plantar flexion moment, and walking velocity of participants in the sarcopenia group were significantly lower than those in the non-sarcopenia group. [Conclusion] This study revealed that weakness of the trunk muscle strength causes a decrease in walking velocity in elderly people with sarcopenia.

A Study on Improving Operation of Center for Children’s Foodservice Management through IPA Analysis

이 논문은 어린이급식관리지원센터(이하 센터)의 설립배경, 기능, 현황 그리고 조직적 특성을 알아본 다음 센터의 운영과정에 영향을 미치는 요소들을 중심으로 IPA 분석을 시행하였고, 끝으로 센터에 대한 정책적 시사점을 제시하였다. 센터는 지역사회의 어린이집, 유치원, 지역아동센터 등에 대한 영양 및 위생 서비스 제공을 통해 어린이들의 건강을 돌보는 지방자치단체 산하조직이다. 센터는 국가와 지방자치단체가 재정을 분담하나 그 운영은 인근 대학 또는 지방자치단체가 설립한 사단법인이 담당한다. 센터의 인력은 단기의 계약직 직원으로고, 이들은 공무를 수행함에도 공무원의 신분보장 혜택은 받지 못하고 있다. IPA 분석 결과 중요도와 수행도가 다 높은 강점영역에는 기획, 동료협력, 위생서비스, 영양서비스, 메뉴서비스, 어린이교육, 조리원교육, 원장.교사교육 등 센터의 핵심 산출 관련 사항들이 포함되었다. 반면, 중요도는 높으나 수행도는 낮은 중점 관리영역으로는 예산, 인력, 지자체 지원, 급식소 지원, 급여, 신분보장, 인력개발 등이 제시되었다. 끝으로 이 논문은 직원의 고용안정성 강화, 직원의 급여확충, 지방자치단체의 지원강화, 행정전담직원의 의무채용, 직원인력개발의 적극화 등을 정책적 시사점으로 제시하였다.This paper examines the establishment background, function, status, and organizational characteristics of the Center for Children’s Foodservice Management (CCFM) and then conducts an IPA analysis focusing on factors affecting theCCFM s operation process and finally policy implications were presented. CCFM is a subsidiary of a local government that takes care of the health of children by providing nutrition and hygiene services to community daycare centers, kindergartens and community child care centers. As a result of the IPA analysis, the areas of high importance and high perf ormance included the core outputs of CCFM such as planning, peer cooperation, hygiene service, nutrition service, menu service, children s education, cook education, director and teacher education. On the other hand, the areas of high importance but low performance were budget, manpower, local government support, meal support, salary, security, and human resource development. Finally, this paper suggests policy implications such as strengthening the employment stability of employees, increasing the salaries of employees, strengthening the support of local governments, recruiting administrative staff, and promoting the development of human resources.

通所リハビリテーション利用者における身体機能と認知機能が転倒におよぼす影響について

〔目的〕通所リハビリテーション利用者を対象に身体機能と認知機能が転倒に及ぼす影響について検討した．〔対象〕通所リハビリテーション利用者60名．〔方法〕Timed up and Go （TUG），5m歩行時間，5回椅子起立テスト，Mini Mental State Examination，数唱，Trail Making Test partA （TMT-A），転倒リスク数を評価した．対象者を過去1年間の転倒の有無により，転倒群，非転倒群に分け各評価項目について群間比較検討した．〔結果〕転倒群でTMT-A，TUG，転倒リスク数は有意に高値であり，TMT-Aについては転倒との関連を認めた．〔結語〕転倒にはTMT-Aの関連が強く，注意遂行機能に着目した転倒予防アプローチが必要であると示唆された．

주간보호시설 치매환자의 집단작업치료프로그램 효과-예비연구

본 연구는 지역사회 주간보호시설을 이용하는 경도치매환자에게 집단작업치료프로그램을 제공하고 이에 따른 시지각과 작업수행기술의 변화를 알아보고자 예비연구를 실시하였다. 65세 이상 치매진단을 받은 9명을 대상으로 주 3회, 60분씩, 총 4주간 감각적, 신체적, 창의적 활동을 포함한 집단작업치료프로그램을 실시하였다, 치료전 후 시지각 기능, 작업수행기술에 미치는 효과를 검증하기 위한 유사실험연구로서 단일군 전후실험설계를 적용하였으며, 수집한 자료는 빈도분석과 기술통계를 사용하여 분석하였다. 집단작업치료프로그램 전과 실시 후에 대한 분석 결과 시지각 기능과 작업수행에서는 기초선과 프로그램 종결 후 통계적으로 매우 유의한 차이(p<0.01, p<0.05)가 있었지만 작업수행기술 중 운동기술에서는 프로그램 전 후의 차이는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 본 연구를 통해 집단작업치료프로그램이 주간보호시설을 이용하는 치매환자의 시지각과 작업수행기술 관리에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study is to have a preliminary study in order to identify changes in occupational performance skills and visual perception of patients with mild dementia, who have been provided with a group occupational therapy program, within community day-care center. The subjects of this study were 9 people with mild dementia living in a community. The period of administration was for 60 minutes per session three times a week during four weeks. We assessed their visual perception function(MVPT) and occupational performance(AMPS). One group pre-post test design was implemented as an experimental study to compare the results between before and after applying the group occupational therapy program within sensory, physical, creative activity. While a statistically significant difference between before and after the program of motor skills(occupational performance skill) is not shown, the visual perception function and occupational performance of patients with mild dementia improved significantly after receiving occupational therapy program(p<0.01, p<0.05). Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the group occupational therapy program is helpful to manage the occupational performance skills and visual perception of patients with mild dementia in community day-care center.

Positioning study on community day-care centers service system for the aged

With an aging population , smaller families, institutional care service defects situation increasingly prominent , coupled with the demand for social pension for the elderly increasingly strong , community day-care centers in this mode follow the international trend and become a new trend in the development of pension .However, compared with developed countries , Chinese pension services is of the characteristics of late start in carrying out day-care and lack of experience in some field .In this paper , we focus on the current status of the community pension , and perform locate research on pension service system for day-care centers so as to analyze the necessity and feasibility of the establishment of the system , summarize its position and role , in order to further build standardized , systematic retirement community day-care centers service system and lay a solid foundation . Key words: Review; Aged; Community health services; Day-care center; Service system

Clinical outcomes in Mexican children with febrile acute upper respiratory tract infections: no impact of antibiotic therapy

To compare the clinical outcomes (duration of signs and symptoms) and the microbiology in Mexican children with non-complicated febrile upper respiratory tract infections (URI), with and without the use of antibiotics. We conducted a prospective cohort study from September 2006 to July 2007. The study population consisted of 880 children aged 6 months to 5 years 11 months, attending four community daycare centers run by the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) and three non-IMSS daycare centers. Children with a febrile URI were enrolled before receiving any antimicrobials and were followed up for two weeks. Duration of the fever, cough, runny nose, stuffy nose, irritability, loss of appetite, tiredness, and diarrhea, and isolation of Haemophilus influenzae,Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Streptococcus pyogenes were compared in those children who received antibiotic treatment and those who did not receive antibiotics. During the study period, a total of 145 out of 880 children were enrolled, and among those enrolled, 85/145 (59%) children received antibiotics. There was no significant difference in the duration of the signs and symptoms evaluated in the two groups. Although the proportions of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and S. pyogenes isolated in children with and without antibiotics were comparable, those in whom we isolated S. pneumoniae had both a significantly longer episode of URI, as well as longer lasting diarrhea. Similarly, children receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment experienced significantly longer durations of fever and diarrhea. The mean duration of signs and symptoms and the microbiological isolates of children with febrile URI were comparable among children treated with or without antibiotics, with the exception of a longer duration of URI and diarrhea in those children with an S. pneumoniae isolate. Our findings suggest that in our population, most cases of febrile URI are caused by viral infections, and demonstrate that antibiotics should not be used routinely in children with non-complicated febrile URI.

地域在住高齢者に対する個人回想法の自尊感情への効果の検討

This study examined the effects of individual reminiscence therapy in Japanese community-dwelling older adults without dementia. Participants (twenty three men and fifty seven women, mean age = 82.6 yrs) were recruited from a community day-care center. They were randomly assigned to a reminiscence therapy group or a control group. Participants in the reminiscence group completed five or six weekly sessions (30-60 minutes) of individual reminiscence therapy. Participant's depression, life satisfaction, and self-esteem were assessed before and after the sessions. The results showed that the reminiscence group had a significant improvement in self-esteem. Thus individual reminiscence therapy can be a tool to maintain or improve self-esteem for Japanese older adults without dementia.

Costa Rican Psychiatrists Proud of MH Care System

Costa Rican Psychiatrists Proud of MH Care System

The Parenting Experience of Low-Income Single Women with Serious Mental Disorders

The author describes an exploratory, qualitative research study focusing on 10 single, low-income mothers with chronic mental illness who lived with their children in a supportive residential program. The mothers were interviewed and observed at the child-care center associated with the program. In addition, a comparison group of eight low-income, single mothers whose children attended a community day-care center were interviewed. The two groups of mothers viewed their children as central to their lives. Both groups of spoke of struggles. The mentally ill mothers’ struggles pertained to maintaining custody, whereas the non-mentally ill mothers focused on economic survival. Overwhelmingly, the mothers with mental illness wanted to live normal lives as mothers, wives, and workers.