Community Capacity Development Research Articles

Sinergi KKN Dan Masjid: Mewujudkan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Di Masjid Al-Muttaqin Renah Lebar

Mosques play an important role in the life of Muslim communities, not only as places of worship but also as centers of socio-religious activities. Mosque empowerment is needed to strengthen the function of mosques in various aspects of community life. This research aims to explore and analyze community participation in empowering mosques with a narrative study regarding the implementation of mosque-based Community Service Programs (KKN) at the Al-Muttaqin Mosque, Renah Lebar. The main focus of this research is to understand how community involvement in KKN activities can influence mosque empowerment and community capacity development. The research method used is a narrative study approach which involves in-depth interviews, observation and documentation of various stakeholders, including mosque members, KKN students and the surrounding community. The research results show that community participation in mosque-based KKN programs not only improves the function and role of mosques in the community but also strengthens social ties and motivates the community to be more active in religious and social activities. This research concludes that mosque-based KKN can be an effective model for community empowerment, provided there is careful planning and good collaboration between all parties involved. It is hoped that these findings can contribute to the development of mosque-based community empowerment programs in other areas.

Sports clubs’ role in community capacity development—illustrations from the Swedish sports movement

Abstract Strong political neoliberal currents in Sweden are directing attention toward communities’ responsibility to address local issues, particularly in disadvantaged areas. In parallel, community sports clubs in Sweden have gained strong traction as being sites where social issues can be addressed. In Swedish disadvantaged areas, where infrastructure is of poor quality, these clubs can be an important addition to statutory interventions, but they need to be further explored in terms of strategic pathways and conditions. Community sports have only recently been conceptualized with Chaskin’s capacity-building concept. In this paper, I seek to further stimulate this line of inquiry. By using material from two interrelated projects with informants in the sports movement, I show how sports clubs use multiple strategies according to three of Chaskin’s proposed strategies: leadership development, organizational development, and inter-organizational collaboration. By outlining an empirically dense illustration, this paper contributes to the research on sports clubs and their role in the community and provides suggestions on how strategical assessments must include how associations develop strategies online.

Stakeholder Synergy in Social Innovation: Efforts to Reduce the Impact of Poverty in Indonesia

Objective: The problem of poverty requires a social innovation-based assistance strategy that involves various parties or collaboration in solving a social problem. Poverty alleviation policies are not only centered on bureaucratic aspects but are also always human-centered (human-centered design) in defining and formulating innovative policies. This research aims to identify stakeholders in social innovation in order to overcome the impacts of poverty. Theoretical framework: This research uses 6 dimensions of social innovation in analyzing the impact of poverty in Indonesia. Apart from that, this research also explains the role of stakeholders through the Quintuple Helix concept where there is a continuous balance between government and society. Method: This research is a type of qualitative research with 50 research informants who refer to five requirements for selecting informants. Researchers conducted in-depth interviews with social practitioners so that researchers could get more concrete information about the problems that occurred. Results and conclusions: In the Social Exclusion Dynamics dimension, it was found that the Indonesian Government's policies were able to provide accelerated handling that was not trapped in bureaucratic, techno-technical aspects. By making the community work partners or volunteers who are socially active. The Mobilization of Resources dimension is related to the synergy aspect of multi-stakeholder involvement which is able to provide community capacity development, mastery and understanding of technological information so that it can improve the quality of life. In the Satisfaction of Human Needs dimension, pragmatism in the government system often causes a loss of innovation and creativity in exploring local resources in society. In the context of health service policy, it is often not possible to explore the source of the main problems in society. The dimension of empowerment is the creation of knowledge. Knowledge is data and information combined with ability, intuition, experience, ideas, and motivation from competent sources. In the dimension of Change in Social Relations, social innovation is ultimately able to determine permanent changes in the social environment, power, relations between social groups, government, and society, the state and the private sector. These dynamics are related to those displayed in the triangle of vision, intention, development culture, identity, organizational and institutional dynamics. Meanwhile, in the Territorial Specificity dimension, the research results show that funding for poverty alleviation activities is assisted by CSR programs from industry as well as social assistance from various elements of society, such as institutions, individuals, companies, zakat institutions, foundations, volunteers and others. Research implications: This research has implications for the involvement of stakeholders in social innovation in overcoming the impacts of poverty Originality/value: The value of this research lies in the application of the social innovation dimension through the role of multi-stakeholders in overcoming the impacts of poverty. The research results also provide new value to the role of organic intellectuals which refers to actors who play an important role in society.

Tourism Impacts on Socio-Economic Development of Residential Community in Ella Destination, Sri Lanka

One tool for economic development is the tourist sector. Tourism destination management is required at local, regional, and national levels to profit. The local population plays a significant role in the tourism industry since they serve as the tourists' hosts. Tourism must be promoted to maximize industrial benefits. Positive outcomes must be enhanced, while negative consequences must be controlled. Therefore, this study aims to identify the economic and socio-cultural impacts of tourism on the Ella destination. This research is focused on the homestay community, because it is the main income-generating source for the resident community in Ella, Sri Lanka. The researcher selected 175 registered homestay business owners in Ella destination, Sri Lanka through a simple random sampling strategy. This study applied a Likert scale questionnaire to collect primary quantitative data for this study. Secondary data was gathered from past theses, journal articles, newspaper articles, the SLTDA website, and central bank annual reports. The SPSS software was utilized to analyze the gathered data through questionnaires. The researcher identified that there are eight main indicators that affect the socio-economic development of the homestay business community in Ella, Sri Lanka. These are local culture, local services, the community’s lifestyle, alcoholism, drugs, and prostitution, employment and income opportunities, investment & spending, infrastructure, and tourist arrivals to Ella. As per the findings, the researcher recommends that homestay tourism business owners need to invest In eco-friendly business operations, because eco-friendly hospitality services are the main trends in the current global tourism and hospitality business Sector. Also, homestay business owners should know that practical knowledge is highly significant in the tourism and hospitality sector business environment. In the future, community capacity development, Identification of a unique promotional mechanism, and eco-friendly business operations will be needed to manage negative impacts.

The Value of Informal Peace Committees as a Developmental Strategy to Deal with Post-Conflict in Zimbabwe

In this article, I investigate the extent to which community-based initiatives such as informal peace committees can serve as vehicles for developmental social work practice to promote community empowerment and capacity development in Zimbabwe. The formation of self-initiated peace committees by Zimbabwean communities demonstrates local agency, self-reliance and resilience. This type of local agency resulted in community members working together to unite, participate and form a peacebuilding committee. The study was based on action research data from Ward 8 in the Seke District, in which 42 male and female adults participated. Given the study’s participatory nature, 14 informants took on multiple roles, including co-planning, co-designing and establishing a ward-level peace committee. The findings revealed that informal peace committees have a close relationship with developmental social intervention strategies that seek to deal with development challenges such as poverty, inequality, and violence and, the major one, community development. These attributes reflect the strengths and empowerment potential that developmental social work can explore to increase the impact of informal peace committees at the community level in the Seke District and beyond.

Developing a compassionate community: a Canadian conceptual model for community capacity development.

The purpose of this article is to share a Canadian model called Developing a Compassionate Community (DCC) in which aging, dying, caregiving, and grieving are everyone's responsibility. The model provides a research-informed practice guide for people who choose to adopt a community capacity development approach to developing a compassioante community. Based on 30 years of Canadian research by the author in rural, urban, First Nations communities, and long-term care homes, the DCC model offers a practice theory and practical tool. The model incorporates the principles of community capacity development which are as follows: change is incremental and in phases, but nonlinear and dynamic; the change process takes time; development is essentially about developing people; development builds on existing resources (assets); development cannot be imposed from the outside; and development is ongoing (never-ending). Community capacity development starts with citizens who want to make positive changes in their lives and their community. They become empowered by gaining the knowledge, skills, and resources they need. The community mobilizes around finding solutions rather than discussing problems. Passion propels their action and commitment drives the process. The strategy for change is engaging, empowering, and educating community members to act on their own behalf. It requires mobilizing networks of families, friends, and neighbors across the community, wherever people live, work, or play. Community networks are encouraged to prepare for later life, and for giving and getting help among themselves. This Canadian model offers communities one approach to developing a compassionate community and is a resource for implementing a public health approach to end-of-life care in Canada. The model is also available to be evaluated for its applicability beyond Canada and is designed to be adapted to new contexts if desired.

Empowering communities in addressing drinking water challenges using a systematic, participatory and adaptive approach and sustainable PPP model

Water sustainability poses an intricate challenge that impacts international peace and harmony as well as communal justice worldwide. The multi-dimensional solution entails a harmonious interplay of local water conservation, diligent water usage, maintenance of water quality standards for effective water resource management, cohesive multitier governance, and community empowerment to provide the capability to identify and address water sustainability challenges. This paper previews one such initiative named “Jivamritam: A Community Based Clean Drinking Water Solution". The Jivamritam solution has been deployed in over 250 communities in India, each differing in cultural and behavioral aspects, socio-economic status, education and awareness levels, political aegis, water quality, water accessibility, or spatial characteristics. Unique modular water purification technologies were designed and deployed in collaboration with each community. Extensive community engagement, capacity development, and implementation of community specific business models embellished each deployment. Scalability and sustainability were assured by conformance to the PPP model, which orchestrates multidimensional contribution and engagement by the community, local government, university, and the NGO stakeholders.

Engagement of specialized palliative care services with the general public: A population-level survey in three European countries

Background: There is growing recognition of a need for community capacity development around serious illness, dying and loss, complementary to strategies focussing on health services. Hitherto, little is known about how and to what extent palliative care services in different countries are adopting these ideas in their practices. Aim: To examine views towards and actual involvement in community engagement activities as reported by specialized palliative care services in Belgium, Sweden and the UK. Design, setting, participants: Cross-sectional survey among all eligible specialized palliative care services in Flanders (Belgium) (n = 50), Sweden (n = 129) and the UK (n = 245). Representatives of these services were invited to complete an online questionnaire about their actual activities with the general public and their attitudes regarding such activities. Results: Response rates were 90% (Belgium), 71% (Sweden) and 49% (UK). UK services more often reported engaging with the general public to develop knowledge and skills through a range of activities (80%–90%) compared to Belgian (31%–71%) and Swedish services (19%–38%). Based on a combination of engagement activities 74% of UK services could be labelled as extending their focus beyond the clinical mandate compared to 16% in Belgium and 7% in Sweden. Services’ dependency on charitable donations was strongly associated with increased engagement with the general public. Conclusion: An expansion of the mandate of specialized palliative care services beyond a traditional clinically-oriented focus towards one inclusive of community capacity building around serious illness, dying and loss is occurring in different countries, albeit to different degrees and with different intensities.

Facing the National Recovery and Resilience Plan: Sources of Data, Indicators, and Participatory Strategies in Healthcare and Social Fields.

Innovation in governance and services should be the target of the Italian National Recovery and Resilience Plan. Monitoring processes, impacts, and outcomes requires a system of new indicators that are practical to collect. Secondary data sources, their availability, and their information potential should be evaluated, and primary sources should be implemented to supplement traditional disease surveillance. This work highlights the most relevant aspects for bridging the mismatching between complex community needs and current health/social supply and how those aspects could be faced. As a result, we propose a structured multi-phases process for setting the design and functionalities of a cooperative information system, built on the integration between secondary and primary data for informing policies about chronic low back pain (CLBP), a widely recognized determinant of disability and significant economic burden. In particular, we propose the Dress-KINESIS, a tool for improving community capacity development and participation that allows one to freely collect big health and social data and link it to existing secondary data. The system also may be able to monitor how the resources are distributed across different care sectors and suggest how to improve efficiency based on the patient’s CLBP risk stratification. Moreover, it is potentially customizable in other fields of health.

Community Based Tourism and Strengthening of Ecopreneurship for the Development of Ecotourism in Jember

Tourism is one of Indonesia's attractions and provides a very large contribution to state revenue. Jember Regency has the potential for ecotourism ocean tourism with 7 beautiful beaches ready to be developed. The purpose of this study is to explain how the concept of sustainable tourism through a Community-Based Tourism approach and how to strengthening ecopreneurship to support sustainable ecotourism. Quantitative research methods provide results that community based tourism and ecopreneurship are able to encourage an increase in sustainable ecotourism by prioritizing the potential for ocean tourism and encouraging community capacity development.

Building Canvas Strategy for Integrated Tourism Area and Benchmark: Blue Ocean Strategy Approach

This research aims to identify tourism factors that should be eliminate, reduce, raise, and create (ERRC) to indicate the characteristics of Blue Ocean Strategy (BOS) in order to revitalize the development of Kenjeran tourism area, Surabaya by taking into account aspects of education, local economic improvement, and environmental conservation. The research methodology is based on descriptive approach through analyzing the strength, weakness, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) to find the key success factor, the industry benchmarks, and the tourism market agents in order to understand the ERRC and to set a canvas strategy. The result shows that Revitalization is done by; Eliminating Aspect of Sustainable Environment including environmental pollution, abrasion, and unregulated zone. Reducing Aspect of Attractions, including: a shift in local culture and focus on shopping area. Factors that should be raise is Aspect of Accessibility and Empowerment, including: tourism facilities, and community capacity development. whereasWhereas elements that should be created are included in Aspect of Tourism Industry, including pattern of partnership and community development. The novelties of this research is using Blue Ocean Strategy via a 4-step approach: Eliminate, Reduce, Raise, and Create (ERRC) to revitalize an integrated tourist area.
 Keywords: Eliminate; Reduce; Raise and Create (ERRC); canvas strategy; Blue Ocean Strategy.

Utilizing Events for Placemaking of Precincts and Main Streets: Current State and Critical Success Factors

Events have been well-recognized for their economic and social benefits; however, their broader effect on regenerating urban space and placemaking has not been duly examined. Using the community capitals framework, this study aims to address this gap by exploring how events are used for placemaking of main streets and precincts, and the critical success factors (CSFs) of placemaking through events. Semistructured interviews were conducted with local councils and business associations who are responsible for the development and management of significant precincts and main streets in Adelaide, Australia. Findings indicate that events effectively assist in placemaking of precincts and main streets not only through economic development and improving place identity but also by creating positive community changes through place activation and social capital and community capacity development, which have the capacity to deliver more enduring benefits of placemaking. Four CSFs are identified in placemaking of main streets and precincts through events, namely active engagement and collaboration; a good fit; strategic event concepts; and a holistic placemaking plan. Based on the study findings, practical recommendations for planners and practitioners about the effective use of events for placemaking are provided.

Assessment of flood risk reduction in DKI Jakarta: Cengkareng Sub-district

Due to geographical condition, Cengkareng is one of a well-known flood-prone area in West Jakarta, Indonesia Annual floods may occur due to the limited bank full capacity of the local drainage system. This flood causes a significant loss of both infrastructures and human life. One of the most significant efforts in reducing this flood risk is the improvement of Cengkareng Drain channel as the main drainage system in the area. Cengkareng Drain conveys the flow of Angke River and Mokervaart River into the Java Sea passing through Tangerang and Jakarta. This paper discusses about the contribution of several alternatives of improvement in reducing the related flood risk. The flood hazard is analysed based on the standard criteria of PUPR. The risk analysis is done in accordance to the BNPB guidebook. Based on this study, it is found that the drainage existing condition may cause a high flood risk level in 5 areas and an average risk level in 1 area. This flood risk could be reduced by applying both structural and non-structural mitigation efforts. It this case, it is found that structural mitigation of dike development combined with non-structural mitigation of local community capacity development is the most effective solution.

Building a roadmap for inclusive disaster risk reduction in Australian communities

IntroductionAs a signatory to the Sendai Framework, Australia has committed to ensuring that the needs and voices of people with disability are included in disaster risk management and removing the barriers that stop people with disability from engaging with disaster risk reduction activities. In 2015, the pathways to achieving this and their feasibility were entirely unclear. PurposeThis paper shares Australia’s progress on developing and advancing Disability Inclusive Disaster Risk Reduction (DIDRR) at the local community level through cross-sector collaboration and grassroots innovation. MethodOver a 5-year period, this participatory research brought emergency managers together with people with disability and the community-based services that support them. Together we collected, analysed and interpreted data, worked out change strategies, implemented them, evaluated how they worked and repeated the cycle over a series of projects. FindingsThe scope of this research encompassed inclusive community engagement and capacity development; combining practice wisdom and research evidence to develop DIDRR policy and practices that leave nobody behind. DIDRR progressed in three stages including: (a) identifying the scope for DIDRR and giving direction to emergency managers; (b) defining roles and responsibilities for people with disability and the services that support them; and (c) building cross sector mechanisms for sharing responsibility. DiscussionAn integrated approach to knowledge creation and dissemination offered an authentic way to value and combine scientific knowledge with “local knowledge” that is gained from experience and built from the ground up. Central to building a roadmap for DIDRR was the co-creation of tools guiding its implementation. ImplicationsThe co-designed products that emerged and are currently being used to translate and scale DIDR practices across Australian communities managing in the context of the 2019–20 Black Summer bushfires and COVID-19 pandemic.

Strengthening Capacity through Expansion of Community Participation in Mangrove Ecotourism Management in Pamurbaya

The movement of the public sector in development has become important in relation to the governance agenda (Pomerantz in Bevir,2011;164) . Development failures in many developing countries are due to the presence of insignificant community participation in poverty alleviation (Grindle,2004;526). Surabaya is an example of a city that is trying to continue to empower its people through various activities under Dinas Pertanian dan Ketahanan Pangan.The potential of coastal areas that are rich in mangroves in Surabaya along the East Coast of Surabaya (Pamurbaya) is the choice to empower the community with mangrove ecotourism designn. Theoretically the phenomenon of empowerment in the view of researchers is interesting to study. Considering even though there have been many empowerment programs implemented in Pamurbaya. The existing program has not been able to fully complete community capacity development. Active community participation was also still limited and the achievement of prosperity that needs to be improved.

Community Engaged Teaching, Research and Practice: A Catalyst for Public Health Improvement

Abstract A Catalyst for Public Health Improvement The interdisciplinary field of public health promotes health among populations. Complex public health needs persist in the United States, influenced largely by social and structural determinants. Viable solutions require creativity and a commitment to change the status quo, facilitated by collaborative problem-solving. Public health education programs in the United States have a role in developing a workforce that is equipped to support these processes. Cornell University’s Master of Public Health (MPH) Program sought to identify opportunities to simultaneously support student learning, community capacity development, and community-centered action for public health improvement. A sequential two-phased approach was used to define curricular components and indicated pedagogical methods. Two key themes emerged: alignment of skills and abilities needed and desired by current and future public health workers and the strategic role community engaged learning could play in advancing learning and improving public health. Community engaged learning was specifically adopted as the primary pedagogical approach for a series of three courses in the Cornell MPH Program, focused on needs assessment, intervention planning, and monitoring and evaluation for improvement. These courses were designed with community collaborators, with goals to build student knowledge and community capacity in 12 domains and improve community health outcomes via collaborative work.

Collaborative, Capacity Development Efforts: A case of Kampung Hujung Rintis, Perak and UiTM Cawangan Selangor, Malaysia

Public universities have been directed to have more collaborative projects with disadvantaged communities for capacity and sustainable developments. In the case of Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch (UCS), the success stories on community engagement and capacity development have been shown with Kampung Hujung Rintis, Perak, Malaysia. This paper aims to showcase impacts on collaborative efforts through a live research laboratory for data collection using multiple techniques. The feedbacks from cross-disciplinary projects were for the implementation of capacity-development initiatives at Kampung Hujung Rintis. The implications from the case events showed that continuous community engagements would be beneficial for all parties involved.Keywords: Capacity Development; Disadvantage Communities; Research Co-production; Sustainable DevelopmenteISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i12.1751

A civil society organisation response to water service delivery issues in South Africa drives transformative praxis. Part 2: Knowledge building, learning and active citizenship

Human capacity growth in knowledge and innovation is crucial if South Africa is to achieve developmental goals such as efficient, sustainable and equitable water resource management. About 80 percent of the South African population comprises socially and economically disadvantaged people, living in township areas (urban areas previously allocated to Black residents during the apartheid era) that experience low household water security and lack water-related knowledge capacity. For example, the national unemployment rate is 36.3%, and in the region of the study, the Eastern Cape, is 44.5%. An integrated approach to water resource management requires meaningful participation of water stakeholders in management processes. Civil society organisations championing practices to address water service delivery issues in their local communities are well placed to build their individual capacity and foster community capacity development and active citizenship around water issues. This paper explores the learning experiences of a civil society organisation, Water for Dignity (WfD), as they addressed water service delivery issues in the Makana Local Municipality, in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. The learning process of the WfD group was explored through the retrospective analysis of data collected through participatory action research, at the WfD group, and wider community level. Learning within the WfD group was analysed through a communities of practice lens. Learning between WfD and the wider community was analysed through using a social learning lens. Learning at WfD team level occurred in four ways, through learning as belonging, learning as doing, learning as experiencing and learning as becoming. Social learning that occurred at a community level related mainly to personal water rights and best practices for improving water quality and water conservation. These were fostered mainly through structured citizen engagements offered by WfD. The research provides evidence that civil society organisations can play an important role in bridging water-related knowledge gaps and can foster active citizenship in South African communities.

Charting the Mode for Community Participation in Service Delivery

Poor service delivery has always been considered a legacy of the apartheid era. However, 25 years into democracy, many local municipalities are still battling with service delivery backlogs. These backlogs are often attributed to, for example, dysfunctional ward committees, corruption amongst councillors, exclusion of community members in the planning process, failure to prioritise community needs, and institutional capacity issues. These challenges have undermined municipalities’ provision of quality service delivery and have precipitated service delivery protests. This article argues that community participation, which has been identified as a factor that can mitigate the aforementioned challenges, can be pivotal in the provision of effective and efficient services by municipalities. The relationship between community inclusion and service delivery outcomes is not simplistic, but depend upon a combination of proactive and highly skilled leaders and a cooperative and supportive populace. In this article, we identify the modes for successful participation and also the consequences of community exclusion through textual analysis of pertinent sources. We argue that such participation can only be successful and sustainable if it is reinforced by support from local government in the form of community training and capacity development workshops to exchange and instil new ideas as well as by resource allocation.

Urban skateboarding, social enterprise groups, and community capacity-building in the San Francisco Bay area

Urban skateboarding’s current community includes a diverse range of participants and an ever-increasing array of “social enterprise” conglomerations involving city councils, private industries, and nonprofit organizations. We conducted a three and a half-year ethnographic study of San Francisco Bay Area skateboarding, in part, to understand how these evolving public-private entities use skateboarding to build “community relationships”. Research suggests that social enterprise groups aim to develop social capital in underserved urban contexts. Community capacity development encourages social capital, but more intentionally addresses the emergence of socially inclusive and democratic values as well as socially aware learning cultures to benefit youths and their local communities. We used two Oakland, California, case studies of For the Town (FTT) skateboarding and the Skate Like a Girl (SLAG) organization, to exemplify how community capacity-building strategies and practices may occur within urban skateboarding, while also highlighting challenges to this type of practice.