Tear fluid is a clinically relevant body fluid frequently used in ocular disease and biomarker research. However, inconsistent terminology has limited data comparability and hindered clinical translation. This international Delphi consensus study, conducted by the Tear Research Network, aimed to establish standardized definitions for commonly used synonyms related to tear fluid. In two rounds of online surveys, 103 eligible professionals participated, primarily (clinical) researchers with broad international representation. Consensus (≥70% agreement or disagreement) was achieved on definitions including localization, source and function, as well as the context of use and sample collection. A standardized glossary was developed, with the strongest agreement (>90%) for tear fluid and tear film. The term tear fluid best describes the body fluid itself and its collected sample, while tear film refers specifically to the multilayered structure on the ocular surface. Both terms are recommended for clinical and research use and to describe the fluid analysed in various diagnostic tests. These recommendations support comparability, consistent reporting and interdisciplinary communication in future research.

Community perspectives on the return of research results and ownership of data and specimens for brain tumor genomic research

Molecular characteristics, epidemiological trends, and public health implications of human metapneumovirus (hMPV): a review.

Face-to-Face neighborhood communication: Instrument development and pattern exploration in Korean apartment contexts

From talk to text: Extending the arc of doctor patient communication research to real-time visit documentation.

The effects of collectivistic and authority-based green advertising on green purchasing behavior for apparel among gen Z and Y Asian consumers in an emerging market.

Government social media enhances transparency by sharing operational information about government activities and processes; yet, little is known about how the public responds to the disclosure of such operational information. Drawing on the literature on operational transparency, this paper examines whether operational transparency can help fulfill the primary goals of government social media use: representation, engagement, and collaboration. We conducted two survey experiments with broadly representative U.S. online samples. Results from Study 1 ( n = 1003) and Study 2 ( n = 1594) suggest that operational transparency can achieve a better understanding of how the government works. Furthermore, operational transparency fosters favorable perceptions of government performance in time-sensitive operations. However, operational transparency demonstrates limited influence on boosting engagement and collaboration intentions. Implications for transparency and social media communication research and practices are discussed. • Operational transparency serves functions beyond mere information provision. • Citizens better understand government activities when exposed to operational transparency. • Operational transparency fosters more favorable performance perceptions in time-sensitive areas. • Engagement and collaboration do not necessarily increase with operational transparency.

Posters remain a strategic medium in visual communication due to their ability to attract attention quickly and convey information efficiently in public spaces. Beyond graphic design elements such as layout, typography, and imagery, surface finishing plays a critical role in shaping visual perception, readability, and audience response. Among the most widely used finishing techniques, glossy and matte (doff) lamination exhibit distinct optical, psychological, and functional characteristics that directly influence communication effectiveness. This study aims to comparatively review glossy and matte lamination applied to posters through a narrative literature review approach. Peer-reviewed journal articles, conference proceedings, and authoritative books indexed in reputable databases including Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar were systematically collected. A total of 42 relevant publications published between 2013 and 2023 were selected and thematically synthesized. The review reveals that glossy lamination enhances color vibrancy and contrast through specular reflection, thereby increasing immediate visual attraction, but often introduces glare that compromises readability and visual comfort. In contrast, matte lamination provides superior readability and reduced visual fatigue under diverse lighting conditions, conveying a professional and elegant impression, although with slightly reduced color saturation. The findings highlight that lamination selection is not absolute but context-dependent, influenced by message objectives, target audience characteristics, and installation environment. This review also identifies significant research gaps, particularly in neuro-cognitive audience response measurement, long-term durability under tropical environmental conditions, and cross-cultural perception of surface finishes. Based on these gaps, a structured research roadmap is proposed. The study contributes an evidence-based framework to support designers, printing practitioners, and visual communication scholars in making informed finishing decisions.

ABSTRACT This study offers the first comprehensive review of peer-reviewed journal articles on crisis communication in a specific region: the Nordic countries (Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Iceland) from 2010 to 2024. It aims to map the development of Nordic crisis communication research over the past 15 years as it appears in international strategic communication journals and to reflect on the relevance of a Nordic model. Based on an analysis of 69 articles, the review notes a diversity of theoretical and methodological approaches, and identifies six recurring patterns in theory, method, and thematic concern: (1)a strong orientation toward complexity and multivocality; (2) increasing engagement with cultural dynamics; (3) a shift from managerial to participatory understandings of internal crisis communication; (4) media and rhetorical approaches examining framing and debates of crises across platforms; (5) centrality of public sector institutions; and (6) institutional trust as a cultural and communicative resource.

ABSTRACT Post-war suburbanisation is a foundational element of the Australian urban experience but brought a balance sheet of social costs alongside material benefits. Most development authorities were slow to acknowledge the need for a more explicit social approach to urban questions until the 1970s, a decade of questioning conventional wisdom, promoting wider community participation, and greater awareness of the importance of place in planning outcomes. This paper explores this narrative in reconstructing the career and contributions of a relatively forgotten figure in the development of Australian planning. Caroline Kelly (1899–1989) pursued a remarkably varied life. Her three core careers: actress-entrepreneur, social anthropologist, and social planner were shaped throughout by her feminist outlook. Kelly’s third career for a succession of major planning bodies in Sydney saw her advising on social wellbeing and placemaking activities for relocated suburban populations and receiving communities as the social aspects of urban planning were first being considered as an integral part of the wider planning mission. In an era of great social change, her skills in communication and social research enabled her to appreciate and promote consideration of human issues in the planning process. Kelly’s was a resolute voice for qualitative inquiry, and for planners listening to, acknowledging, and addressing the needs of displaced communities, with particular concern for the isolation, loneliness and lack of social infrastructure suffered by women, children and teenagers in suburbia. A place-based perspective provides the interpretive structure to analyse Kelly’s activities from the 1940s to the 1980s. Caroline Kelly’s social research revealed that all residents in expanding urban environments were experiencing social displacement and disconnection. Kelly promoted better-informed planning and active place-making supports to encourage the reformation of individual social identity, thereby nurturing a stronger connection to place. As a social anthropologist, university lecturer and planning consultant, Kelly helped drive the emergence of social planning as a fundamental component of modern planning in Australia.

Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is a common cerebral vascular malformation often leading to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) with high mortality and disability rates. The molecular mechanisms underlying IA occurrence and rupture are poorly understood, highlighting the need for predictive molecular markers. Here, we employed bioinformatics and Mendelian randomization analysis to identify MICA and CYTH4 as molecular markers closely associated with arterial aneurysm rupture, offering new insights for IA prevention and treatment. We integrated five datasets (GSE15629, GSE26969, GSE54083, GSE13353, and GSE122897) to create a research cohort of 34 non-IA and 93 IA samples. Differential gene expression analysis was performed using single-cell sequencing data from IA mice, followed by KEGG enrichment analysis. Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted on two samples to determine the causal relationship between gene expression and IA risk. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and decision curve analysis (DCA) curves were constructed. We further conducted GSEA, immune microenvironment analysis, cell trajectory analysis, and intercellular communication research on single-cell data. Molecular biology experiments have confirmed that altered expression of MICA and CYTH4 can effectively regulate the proliferation of endothelial cells and their apoptosis under stress conditions. We identified 297 downregulated and 295 upregulated DEGs between IA and control groups. KEGG enrichment analysis implicated cytokines, NF-κB signaling, and TNF signaling in promoting IA onset, while cAMP signaling may inhibit it. Mendelian randomization analysis revealed MICA and CYTH4 as key genes related to IA prognosis, with CYTH4 as a risk factor, and MICA potentially protective. GSEA and GeneMANIA enrichment analysis indicated roles for CYTH4 and MICA in immune regulation of IA. Single-cell sequencing data linked CYTH4 to neutrophil degranulation during macrophage differentiation, with CellChat showing correlation between CYTH4 and CCL signaling. This study highlights MICA and CYTH4 as significant biomarkers for IA progression, particularly CYTH4's role in immune inflammatory response and prognosis. These findings contribute to understanding IA pathogenesis and advancing its diagnosis and treatment.

Determining the ideal dosage to maximize benefits and minimize side effects is a vital component of treatment. Yet, dosage has received limited attention in health communication. Existing scholarship suggests that gain and loss frames may require different dosage levels. The current research tested this supposition in a 3 (dose amount: 1, 2, or 3) × 2 (message frame: gain/loss) message experiment (N = 1007), operationalizing a dose as two bullet points detailing the benefits of exercise. The three-dose message yielded greater exercise intentions compared to the two-dose message. A gain-framed, three-dose message generated the highest perceived benefits of exercise. Dose had a positive, indirect effect on exercise intentions via greater perceived benefits and greater perceived dose. These findings underscore the pressing need to further theorize dosage in health communication scholarship.

ABSTRACT Communication is commonly considered a process that is dynamically situated in a temporal context. However, there remains a disconnection between this theoretical dynamicality and the often less dynamic methods that communication scholars use to study it. Given the increasing accessibility of digital trace data, this study provides a methodological overview of how such fine-grained temporal information can be used in communication research. In particular, we show how to retain the hyper-longitudinal information in the trace data and analyze time-evolving “user-sequences,” which capture user activities at high temporal resolution. We then survey a set of established sequential methods, including sequence analysis, event history analysis, hidden Markov models, network analysis, process mining, and language-based models. We also articulate important sequential features that can be studied within user-sequences, such as transitions, subsequences, and trajectories. As an illustrative example, we apply the six methods to real-world user-sequences containing 1,262,775 timestamped traces from 309 unique users, gathered via data donations. Overall, our study provides a methodological overview of sequence analysis applied to digital trace data and offers initial guidance on method selection.

ABSTRACT Purpose Although aesthetic motivations for orthodontic treatment are well recognized, limited evidence exists regarding associations with employment status and occupational background. This study investigated the association between occupational characteristics and orthodontic concerns (aesthetic, occlusal, and speech) among Japanese workers. Materials and methods A cross-sectional internet-based survey was conducted in 2016 among 2,341 working adults in Japan (1,867 men, 474 women; mean age 43.3 ± 9.2 years). Participants reported concerns across three domains: dental aesthetics, occlusion, and speech. The total concern score (range: 0–3) was calculated by summing the affirmative responses. Sociodemographic and occupational variables were recorded. Associations were analysed using chi-squared tests, logistic regression for individual concerns, and Poisson regression for total concern scores. Results Aesthetic, occlusal, and speech concerns were reported by 24.6% (n = 577), 21.3% (n = 500), and 8.8% (n = 208), respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that aesthetic concerns were significantly more frequent among service/clerical and blue-collar workers than among professionals. Occlusal concerns were more prevalent among night-shift workers and non-regular employees. Speech concerns were significantly less common among individuals with higher incomes. Poisson regression analysis indicated that lower income, female sex, night-shift work, and blue-collar occupation were associated with higher total concern scores. Conclusion The findings suggest that occupational and socioeconomic backgrounds are associated with self-perceived orthodontic concerns among Japanese workers. Recognizing these differences may help improve patient communication and inform future research on access to orthodontic care.

ABSTRACT This paper examines how Portuguese nationals perceive and negotiate their relations with the Chinese majority in postcolonial Macau. Employing a Critical Intercultural Communication (CIC) approach, this study explicitly foregrounds Portuguese residents’ accounts and interpretations of interaction and investigates how they navigate identity negotiation, cultural boundaries, and power structures within a predominantly Chinese society following the 1999 handover to Chinese governance. A meta-theoretical lens integrates CIC with Bourdieu’s linguistic capital and Foucauldian power/discourse to situate interactional narratives within Macau’s institutional fields (law, education, labor markets, media). Using a critical ethnographic methodology, the research captures the layered experiences of Portuguese nationals as they contend with linguistic barriers, cultural separations, and legacies of colonial hierarchy that continue to impact social relations. Key findings reveal that while Portuguese nationals strive to preserve cultural heritage, they encounter a “glass wall” of language and cultural distinctions that reinforce social divisions – a wall sustained not only by linguistic difference but also by historically produced institutional arrangements and privileged expectations about who should accommodate whom. This study contributes to intercultural communication scholarship by examining how colonial histories shape contemporary intercultural dynamics, shedding light on the nuanced process of identity negotiation and selective adaptation within Macau’s postcolonial landscape.

Cancer primary prevention (CPP), particularly through evidence-based recommendations like the 4th European Code Against Cancer (ECAC4), represents a cost-effective strategy to reduce cancer burden. Dissemination and implementation (D&I) of CPP strategies remain fragmented and inconsistent, and instruments to assess dissemination of CPP are lacking. This study aimed to develop and validate an instrument to assess the public (i) perceptions of CPP message characteristics, and (ii) public perceptions of ECAC4. The validation of the ´Information on Cancer Primary Prevention` instrument was developed through a multi-stage process grounded in two D&I frameworks: McGuire's Communication-Persuasion Matrix and Rogers' Diffusion of Innovations. After literature review, items were generated for the two questions assessing message characteristics (channel preferences and source trustworthiness) and 25 items to assess ECAC4 five perceived attributes: advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability. Validation involved cognitive interviews for message characteristics, expert validation through a two-round Delphi panel for ECAC4 attributes, and pre-testing with 240 adults recruited through an online panel. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to assess structural validity, and Cronbach's alpha was used to evaluate internal consistency. Refinements in terminology, response scales, and item wording were implemented after cognitive interviews for the two questions of message characteristics (channel preference and source trustworthiness). EFA revealed three factors for channel preferences (Traditional broadcast media, Digital media/online interactive platforms, and Print media and interpersonal; α = 0.703-0.775) and two factors for source trustworthiness (Official sources and Unofficial sources; α = 0.792-0.859). The five ECAC4 attributes were evaluated in a Delphi panel with two rounds - due to participant attrition the panel was discontinued before full consensus could be reached for all items; five items were adapted based on expert qualitative feedback and included in the pre-test. All five ECAC4 attributes subscales demonstrated unidimensionality with strong factor loadings (> 0.50) and good to excellent reliability (α = 0.714-0.831). This instrument exhibits initial evidence of content and exhibits satisfactory psychometric properties, offering preliminary evidence of structural validity, and internal consistency. By operationalizing key constructs from established dissemination and implementation frameworks, it addresses critical gaps in cancer prevention communication research.

ABSTRACT This article reviews the historical and recent approaches to understanding memorable messages in the context of families. Theoretical and atheoretical approaches to memorable message research are explored, with special attention to the emerging Theory of Memorable Messages (ToMM) and its recent family communication scholarship. The authors elaborate and offer recommendations for future directions and practical applications for ToMM scholarship in the family.

The mental health crisis impacting youth communities has resulted in two calls to action: 1) to consider cultural meanings when developing solutions and 2) to engage minoritized youth in research to capture lived experiences. This reflective essay describes the qualitative phase of a project to support the well-being of South Asian youth living in the United States We illustrate the value of the Culture-Centered Approach and how incorporating the concept of communication infrastructures can address these two calls by 1) enabling thoughtful reflections of culture grounded in youth perspectives and 2) helping clarify the ideals of community-engaged praxis that foster youth engagement in research.

ABSTRACT Message fatigue is an aversive motivational state associated with chronic overexposure to similar messages. Most extant research has relied on cross-sectional designs, precluding causal inferences about the relationship among exposure, fatigue, and persuasive outcomes. To address this limitation, we conducted a two-wave online survey using a nationwide U.S. adults sample in the context of COVID-19 and influenza vaccine messaging (Wave 1: N = 601; Wave 2: N = 305). Cross-lagged panel analyses revealed a positive association between exposure and fatigue within Wave 2, whereas exposure at Wave 1 negatively predicted fatigue at Wave 2. Within each wave, fatigue was negatively associated with adaptive behavioral intentions. Information-induced emotions, including hope, anger, and fear, significantly correlated with fatigue. Unexpectedly, information-seeking intent at Wave 1 predicted lower message fatigue at Wave 2. Implications for message fatigue research and effective health communication are discussed.

ABSTRACT Objective This Delphi study aimed to identify current, practice-informed competencies required for Educational and Developmental Psychologists in Australia. Method The study employed the Delphi method, involving two iterative rounds of surveys with a panel of 46 experts. Phase 1 involved thematic content analysis of existing competency frameworks from English-speaking countries. Phase 2 consisted of two Delphi rounds where participants rated the importance of identified competencies and suggested additional competencies. Results In Round 1, 35 competency domains were presented, with 10 excluded based on mean values and standard deviations. Panellists suggested 89 additional competencies, resulting in 8 new domains after thematic analysis. In Round 2, the revised list included 33 competencies, encompassing areas such as neurodevelopmental conditions, ethical practice, research communication, and cultural competence. The final consensus highlighted the need for a diverse skill set addressing the complexities of contemporary educational and developmental contexts. Conclusions Findings offer a consensus snapshot from Australian/New Zealand practitioners of what is most important now. The set is intended as a reference for curriculum mapping, supervision, and service planning.