Prospective quasi-experimental study on 3D-printed model-assisted patient counseling in women's reproductive health.

Appendicitis is one of the most common emergency surgical pathologies in childhood. This study used data from the Children's Acute Surgical Abdomen Programme study to describe compliance with published standards of care and the relationship between care delivery and 30-day postoperative morbidity for children aged 1-16 y undergoing appendicectomy. Data were collected from 80 hospitals and this included the type of care delivered, the setting in which care was provided and patient level factors. Bivariable and multivariable analysis was undertaken to identify associations between care delivery and outcome. Data collected from 2799 children highlighted variation in care provision related to the use of pre-operative imaging, multimodal analgesia and the proportion of children undergoing surgery within 24 h of presentation; compliance with these standards was 42.6%, 70.8% and 72.8%, respectively. Children managed in specialist paediatric centres were younger, with a higher burden of chronic disease and higher rates of complicated appendicitis. They were also less likely to have a negative appendicectomy but more likely to experience postoperative complications. Despite a high compliance with published recommendations for several aspects of care, deficiencies were identified. A focused effort is needed to improve diagnostic accuracy, optimise analgesia management and reduce the duration of time for which children are waiting for surgery. Similarly, further work is required to better understand the increased rates of postoperative morbidity seen in specialist paediatric centres. Addressing these factors may lead to discernible improvements in experience and outcomes for children with suspected appendicitis.

Scapholunate instability is a common and challenging wrist pathology with no universally accepted surgical solution. The all-dorsal scapholunate reconstruction technique restores the dorsal ligament with an extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon autograft. The aim of this study was to assess outcomes in patients with a chronic scapholunate ligament rupture. We retrospectively analysed 31 patients. Outcomes were assessed with the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score and a visual analogue scale score for pain. Clinical examination included wrist range of motion and grip strength. The radiological parameters measured were scapholunate (SL) angle and gap. Follow-up averaged 39 months (range 12-84) for all outcomes. Postoperatively median pain scores improved from 5 to 2 and disability scores from 58 to 48, although changes were not statistically significant. Median wrist extension at final follow-up measured 50° (IQR 42.5 to 70) and flexion 45° (IQR 39 to 60). Radiographically, there was persistent carpal malalignment with a median SL angle of 66° (IQR 58 to 73), a static SL gap of 3 mm (IQR 2.2 to 4) and a dynamic SL gap of 4.8 mm (IQR 3.3 to 5.4). Median grip strength improved from 28 kg (IQR 20 to 40) preoperatively to 29 kg (20-37) postoperatively. Five patients required salvage procedures owing to progressive symptomatic osteoarthritis. Complications included complex regional pain syndrome (n = 3), transient nerve symptoms (n = 2), anchor-site osteolysis (n = 13) and isolated scaphocapitate joint osteoarthritis (n = 5). The relative simplicity and preservation of wrist function with the all-dorsal reconstruction technique justify its continued use, despite high complication and revision incidences. Level IV.

The effects of lifetime cognitive enrichment on later-life cognitive outcomes are not comprehensively investigated. The aim of this study was to test the association of lifetime cognitive enrichment with Alzheimer disease (AD) dementia and cognitive decline and in an autopsied deceased subset to explore the association between lifetime enrichment and AD and related dementia (ADRD) pathologic indices and cognitive resilience that is, decline after adjusting for common ADRD pathologies. This was a longitudinal clinicopathologic study involving older individuals from Northeastern Illinois who participated in the Rush Memory and Aging Project, were free of dementia at baseline, completed surveys reflecting lifetime enrichment, and had annual clinical evaluations. We constructed a composite measure reflecting lifetime cognitive enrichment and tested its association with incident AD dementia in proportional hazards models, mean age of AD dementia onset in an accelerated failure time model, and cognitive decline using linear mixed-effects models. In a deceased subset, we tested the association of lifetime cognitive enrichment with 9 ADRD pathologies and cognitive resilience. Participants (n = 1,939, 75% female, mean baseline age = 79.6) completed an average of 7.6 years of follow-up, during which 551 participants developed AD dementia. One unit higher in lifetime enrichment was associated with 38% lower hazards of developing AD dementia (hazard ratio 0.62, 95% CI 0.52-0.73, p < 0.001). High lifetime enrichment (90th percentile) compared with low (10th percentile) was associated with a mean of 5 years delayed onset of AD dementia. Lifetime enrichment was positively associated with cognitive function at baseline (estimate = 0.31, SE = 0.02, p < 0.001) and a slower rate of cognitive decline (estimate = 0.02, SE = 0.01, p = 0.002). In the deceased subset (n = 948), lifetime cognitive enrichment did not show meaningful associations with neuropathologic indices, but remained associated with higher cognitive function proximate to death (estimate = 0.32, SE = 0.06, p < 0.001) and a slower rate of cognitive decline after adjusting for pathology (estimate = 0.014, SE = 0.01, p = 0.02). Lifetime exposure to cognitive enrichment was related to lower risk of AD dementia and a slower rate of cognitive decline, including after adjustment for common ADRD pathologies, indicating higher resilience provided by lifetime enrichment. Our results suggest that cognitive health in later life is in part the product of lifetime exposure to cognitive enrichment.

BackgroundVulvar endometriosis is an exceptionally rare manifestation of extrapelvic endometriosis, particularly when located at the site of a prior episiotomy. Often misdiagnosed as more common vulvar pathologies, these lesions may present with cyclical pain and swelling, mimicking Bartholin′s gland cysts or infected epidermal inclusion cysts.CaseWe report the case of a 25‐year‐old gravida 3 para 2 woman with long‐standing dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and a right vulvar mass that fluctuated with her menstrual cycle. Initially presumed to be a Bartholin′s cyst, the lesion failed to respond to antibiotics and sitz baths. MRI revealed a complex vaginal wall cyst without classic signs of pelvic endometriosis. Examination under anesthesia and aspiration of chocolate‐colored fluid raised suspicion for an endometriotic lesion. Surgical excision confirmed endometrial glands and stroma with hemosiderin‐laden macrophages—consistent with vulvar endometriosis at the site of a right mediolateral episiotomy scar. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and the patient experienced complete resolution of symptoms.ConclusionThis case highlights the diagnostic challenge of vulvar endometriosis in women with prior perineal trauma. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for endometriosis in cyclical vulvar masses—especially when located along episiotomy scars and unresponsive to conventional treatment. Early recognition and surgical excision can be curative and significantly improve quality of life.

An automated diagnostic support system for jaw pathologies on panoramic radiographs: a DenseNet121-CBAM deep learning study with histopathological correlation.

The anterior skull base forms the bony floor of the anterior cranial fossa and serves as a barrier between the sinuses and nasal cavity and the brain. The most common pathologies in this area include tumors (benign and malignant), inflammatory and infectious diseases, congenital anomalies, and traumatic injuries. Anterior skull base surgeries are performed as part of a multidisciplinary team effort. In the past, these surgeries were performed using open approaches, but with the advancement of endoscopic technology, most surgeries are now performed using minimally invasive techniques, improving recovery and reducing complications. To provide a descriptive review of all anterior skull base surgeries performed using endoscopic or combined approaches at Shaare Zedek Medical Center from the department's establishment until the end of 2024. The study was based on data collection from all surgeries recorded in the database of the Shaare Zedek Medical Center. Between the years 2017 and 2024, a total of 177 anterior skull base surgeries were performed, including 163 for primary pathologies and 14 revision surgeries. Postoperative CSF leak occurred in 5.5% of patients, and symptomatic residual tumors were observed in 3%. Most surgeries were performed using the endoscopic approach, except in cases of extensive bony deficiency or intracranial involvement, where a combined approach was used. The transition from open to endoscopic approaches has led to significant improvements in managing anterior skull base surgeries. However, in selected cases, the combined approach offers advantages by integrating open and endoscopic techniques. Multidisciplinary expertise contributes to the success of these surgeries and minimizes complications. The endoscopic approach to the anterior skull base represents a breakthrough in treating complex pathologies in this region. The integration of the combined approach in complex cases enables optimal treatment while maintaining minimally invasive principles. The use of advanced techniques and multidisciplinary collaboration improves the quality of care and reduces the risk of complications.

Obstructive uropathy is a very common pathology of the genitourinary system which, if untreated, leads to renal impairment, end-stage renal failure and death. Particularly in the case of acute obstructive uropathy, urgent decompression is necessary to prevent compression-mediated ischaemia of the renal parenchyma and the development of irreversible renal failure. Percutaneous nephrostomy is a well-established and relatively safe image-guided procedure used to obtain access to the renal collecting system and is the procedure of choice for the infected obstructed kidney, minimising the risk of septic shock and possible death. Subsequent internalisation via antegrade ureteric stenting is frequently employed to relieve obstruction at the level of the causative lesion. CIRSE Standards of Practice documents recommend a reasonable approach to, and best practices for, performing procedures, in this instance, Nephrostomy and Ureteric Stent Placement and Exchange. The writing group, established by the CIRSE Standards of Practice Committee, consisted of five clinicians with internationally recognised expertise in this topic, and one research assistant (I.I.). The writing group reviewed the existing literature, performing a pragmatic evidence search using PubMed to search for publications in English relating to human subjects from 2001 to 2025. Relevant older primary sources were included where the data have not been updated. A document was produced, making recommendations for practice based on currently available evidence in a range of clinical scenarios.

Background: Chronic subdural hematomas (CSDHs) are a common neurosurgical pathology with a recurrence rate between 6.4% and 28.0%. The influence of volumetric distribution on recurrence is still unclear. This study aims to determine if residual volumes of hematoma, air, and rinsing fluid are significantly associated with CSDH recurrence. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study on patients diagnosed with CSDH treated with minicraniotomy or burr-hole drainage. Volumetric analysis was conducted on preoperative and postoperative computed tomography imaging using 3D Slicer software. Clinical and radiological factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis. Recurrence was based on radiological and clinical findings. Results: Two hundred and seven patients were included in the study. Recurrence rate was 16.5% (32 recurrences/194 patients). There were 13 patients lost to follow-up. Age (76 vs. 71 years, P = 0.038), history of anticoagulants use (34.4 vs. 16.7%, P = 0.021), history of antiplatelets use (46.9 vs. 27.2%, P = 0.027), preoperative CSDH volume (44.84 vs. 35.51 cc, P = 0.002), preoperative midline shift (9.88 vs. 8.06 mm, P = 0.027), postoperative residual volumes of hematoma (5.62 vs. 2.22 cc, P &lt; 0.001), rinsing fluid (20.02 vs. 13.77 cc, P &lt; 0.001) and air (9.25 vs. 4.93 cc, P = 0.001), postoperative total residual volume (34.89 vs. 20.92 cc, P &lt; 0.001), and postoperative midline shift (6.49 vs. 4.23 mm, P &lt; 0.001) were all significantly associated with recurrence in the univariate regression analysis. History of anticoagulants use (odds ratio [OR] = 2.689, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.016–7.122, P = 0.046), and postoperative total volume (OR = 2.899/10 cc, 95% CI 1.876–4.479, P &lt; 0.001) were independent factors of CSDH recurrence in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion: This study suggests that CSDH recurrence is most strongly influenced by total postoperative residual volume rather than individual residual volumes. The strong correlation between recurrence and residual rinsing fluid highlights the need to reassess the use of rinsing fluid to reduce residual air as a common practice.

Primary angle closure disease (PACD) though less prevalent than primary open angle glaucoma contributes to fifty percent of glaucoma blindness, particularly in the Asian population. Pupillary block is the most common pathology associated with PACD. The definitive treatment to relieve pupillary block and to prevent disease progression is laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI). The most commonly employed laser for performing laser peripheral iridotomy is Neodymium: Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (Nd:YAG). LPI is routinely performed as an outpatient procedure. Though it is often considered as a safe procedure, it is not without limitations. Apart from widening the angle it can influence the intraocular pressure, corneal endothelial cells and can lead to newer visual disturbances/dysphotopsias. Additionally, it can cause or accelerate cataract formation. This narrative review discusses the indications, procedural considerations, structural and functional outcomes, and the changes associated with LPI in eyes with PACD.

Subcortical functional brain mapping is a valuable technique, especially involving lesions within or near white matter tracts. Motor and language deficits caused by intraoperative damage to these subcortical fibers are associated with worse outcomes. However, there are variable approaches to performing subcortical functional brain mapping. This systematic review was performed to better understand indications and optimal stimulation parameters. A systematic review was performed by PRISMA guidelines, using PubMed, Scopus, and Medline databases. Search dates ranged from inception to November 30th, 2024. Studies included adults who underwent subcortical electrical stimulation for functional brain mapping. A total of 55 articles (249 patients, mean age 44.8 years, 114 female) were included. The most common pathology was brain tumor (96.3%), primarily gliomas and metastases, and 24.4% of all cases had a history of epilepsy. The most frequently mapped white matter tracts were the arcuate fasciculus, corticospinal/pyramidal tract, and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, involving motor, language, and cognitive functions. Bipolar stimulation (50-60 Hz, 0.5-1 millisecond, 1-10 mA) was preferred over monopolar stimulation. Among 147 patients with outcome data, 89.1% did not suffer permanent adverse outcomes including neurologic deficits, although long-term outcomes were inconsistently reported. The methodologic variability of subcortical functional brain mapping and lack of long-term follow-up reported limits determination of optimal parameter selection for electrical stimulation although common trends are reported. Functional brain mapping approaches may be guided by the tract and network involved. Further studies are needed to develop a standardized approach and more definitive guideline to its performance.

Computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the head and neck routinely encompasses dentoalveolar structures within the field of view, yet dental findings are rarely reported. Opportunistic detection of dental pathologies could provide valuable information for patient management. This feasability study evaluated the diagnostic potential of CTA for identifying common dental pathologies compared with panoramic radiography (orthopantomogram, OPG). Fifty-seven patients (39% female, mean age: 63years), who underwent both OPG and head-and-neck CTA within 100 days were retrospectively included. Three experienced dental radiological examiners independently assessed each tooth for periapical radiolucencies, periodontal bone lesions, carious lesions, root residues, retained teeth, and dental implants in cervical CTA and vascular kernel. Cohen'sκ and Fleiss'κ were calculated to determine intra- and inter-rater-intramodality agreement between OPG and CTA findings. CTA demonstrated good intermodality agreement with OPG regarding the detection of periapical lesions and periodontal bone defects, root canal-filled, retained teeth, and root residues (κ = 0.60-0.98). Carious lesions demonstrated moderate concordance. OPG identified more periodontal bone defects (mean number of detections per rater: CTA: 141.3; OPG: 173) and carious lesions (CTA: 48; OPG: 77; both p < 0.001). This systematic comparison of CTA and OPG demonstrated the feasability of CTA for opportunistic screening of dental status. While CTA can not replace dedicated dental imaging and clinical assessment, integrating dental evaluation into CTA interpretation may support early detection of oral infection sources and streamline interdisciplinary patient management in neurovascular imaging workflows.

Laryngeal myxoma is a very rare benign mesenchymal tumor, which can present clinically and endoscopically simulating common glottic pathologies. We describe a case of a 56-year-old female smoker with a history of chronic hoarseness for five years. Videolaryngoscopy demonstrated bilateral vocal fold edema suggestive of Reinke’s edema. A microflap approach was utilized during suspension microlaryngoscopy, where gelatinous material was evacuated after a mucosal incision. Histological examination revealed a hypocellular tumor composed of stellate and spindle cells in a myxoid matrix. The diagnosis of laryngeal myxoma was confirmed based on Alcian blue staining and an immunohistochemical profile showing CD34 positivity and S-100 negativity. After the operation, the patient’s voice quality significantly improved, and no recurrence was observed during the 24-month follow-up period. Laryngeal myxoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of polypoid lesions that simulate Reinke’s edema. Clinical recognition is difficult, and the diagnosis is established histologically. Complete surgical excision by microlaryngoscopy is curative; however, long-term follow-up is necessary.

Because of the proximity of optic pathway-hypothalamic gliomas (OPHGs) to critical neuroanatomical structures and their unpredictable natural history, the role of resection in their treatment is often debated. We present our institutional surgical experience and a systematic review of outcomes in patients with surgically treated OPHG. The health records of patients with OPHGs who underwent surgery at our institution were retrospectively reviewed. A systematic review of the literature was also performed to extract surgically treated OPHG cases. Clinical presentation, surgical approach, extent of resection, complications, and outcomes were analyzed. A total of 9 adult patients from our institution were included (mean age 32.3 ± 17.3 years; 5 women [56%]), and we identified 15 studies that met inclusion criteria with a total of 50 patients (mean age 14.4 ± 11.2 years; 24 women [48%]). Visual disturbance was the most common presenting symptom (56% of our patients and 76% of patients from the literature). The most common pathology was pilocytic astrocytoma (67% in our cohort, 62% of patients in the literature). In our cohort, tumors involved the hypothalamus (67%), optic chiasm (67%), and optic nerve (56%), and 33% of patients had gross total resection. In the historical cases, tumors involved the hypothalamus (94%), optic chiasm (42%), and optic nerve (16%), and 12% of patients had gross total resection. Complications in our series included diabetes insipidus (11%), anterior choroidal infarct (11%), and ptosis (11%), and in the literature, new endocrine dysfunction (28%) and visual disturbance (16%) were reported. Three patients (33%) had tumor recurrence at a mean of 27.3 ± 7.6 months, whereas 11 patients (22%) reported in the literature had tumor recurrence at a mean of 55.7 ± 44.3 months. Surgery can be performed with reasonable risk and can play a key role in the multidisciplinary management of select patients with OPHG.

Community-based clinical-pathologic studies have been instrumental to examine the association of Alzheimer's disease and related disorders (AD/ADRD) with age and dementia in very-old non-Latino Whites. Here, we show the age distribution of four AD and three additional common neuropathologies across the adult lifespan and examine their relation to dementia and cognitive impairment in old and young Brazilian adults. We examined 5,376 brains from decedents age 18 years or older (52.5% male, 39.8% Black), from the Pathology, Alzheimer's and Related Dementias Study (PARDoS), collected between July 2021 and September 2025. Clinical diagnoses were rendered by a clinician who reviewed the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE), informant-based Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) Scale, and other selected data. Four indices of AD including β-amyloid deposits (Thal stage), PHF-tau tangles (Braak stage), neocortical phosphorylated plaques and AD neuropathologic change (ADNC), and three other common neuropathologies, i.e., Lewy-body disease (LBD), chronic gross infarcts, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) were assessed. Logistic regression was used for associations of pathologies with clinical diagnoses, adjusting for demographics. Intermediate to high ADNC were first found as early as the fourth decade. Chronic gross infarcts were found in one-fifth of the brains of young adults. Intermediate to high ADNC, limbic and neocortical LBD, chronic gross infarct and moderate to severe CAA were associated with dementia and cognitive impairment (CI) in older adults with mixed pathologies being the most common. Intermediate to high ADNC was associated with CI but not dementia in young adults, whereas, chronic gross infarcts were associated with both CI and dementia in young adults; overall, mixed pathologies were a small minority. In a community-based, clinical-pathologic study including 5300+ brains from diverse Brazilians, we show that AD and other common pathologies frequently begin in young adulthood. In older adults, mixed pathologies are most commonly associated with dementia, whereas in young adults a single pathology, most commonly chronic gross infarcts rather than ADNC is related to dementia.

Prevention of inflammatory processes in periodontal and peri-implant tissues remains extremely relevant to this day, remaining one of the fundamental and understudied issues in modern dentistry. This literature review analyzes 319 articles and highlights data from 42 scientific publications devoted to the treatment of periodontal and peri-implant tissue diseases. This article examines the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of periodontal and peri-implant tissue diseases, which are the most common pathology of the oral cavity. The focus is on maintenance therapy methods, the goal of which is to stabilize remission of chronic inflammation by reducing the microflora below a critical level. The need for a differentiated approach depending on the severity of the condition is emphasized. The aim of this review is to analyze various methods of prevention and treatment for patients with periodontopathies using implant prostheses. The authors provide a critical analysis of the literature, highlighting the mosaic nature of existing therapeutic methods, the insufficient clarity of the polyetiologic nature of these diseases, and their genetic predisposition, which makes many treatments symptomatic. Due to the incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis, current medical tactics are primarily limited to optimizing prevention and treatment empirically and through trial and error.

Non-functioning pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (NF-PitNETs) represent one of the most common and heterogenous sellar pathology, and are nowadays still orphan of an effective pharmacological therapy that could substitute surgery or support in case of persistency/recurrence. In fact, despite NF-PitNETs are generally benign tumors, they can be characterized by supra- or extra-sellar growth with invasion of the cavernous sinus and/or involvement of the optical chiasm. For these reasons, lots of studies tried to unveil the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance and tumoral cells growth, so as to identify new possible therapeutic targets and novel drugs that could improve NF-PitNETs treatment. This review aims to summarize the new biological targets and therapeutic strategies that have been proposed so far, trying to give rise to novel approaches and paving the way for personalized strategies for patients harboring NF-PitNETs. In addition, further studies related to the complex mechanisms involved in NF-PitNETs resistance to the available therapies could provide the basis for the development of both prognostic biomarkers useful for patients' management and novel targets for the pharmacological treatment of these tumors.

Mortellaro's disease, or interdigital dermatitis, is a disorder of cattle characterized by hyperplastic tissue growth in the distal extremities. The pathogenesis of this disorder is believed to be mediated by the penetration of infectious microflora, namely T. phagedenis , T. medium , and T. pedis , into damaged hoof tissue. Other pathogens identified include Treponema phagedenis , Treponema pedis , Porphyromonas levii , Fusobacterium sp. , Bacteroides pyogenes , and Fusobacterium necrophorum . The impact of this pathological process on the reproductive system remains unclear. The relationship between hoof inflammation and the reproductive system may arise through cascading biochemical and physiological reactions that lead to significant structural and functional changes. In this study, mastitis and endometritis were diagnosed in 14 of 27 cows with Mortellaro disease, representing a prevalence of 51.85%. Of this group of 27 animals, 7.41% (2 cows) had mastitis, 22.22% (6 cows) had endometritis, and 22.22% (6 cows) were diagnosed with both endometritis and mastitis. The odds ratio was used to determine the association between diagnosed Mortellaro disease and the occurrence of mastitis and endometritis in animals. The odds ratio was found to be 11.43, indicating that in dairy cows with Mortellaro disease, when both pelvic limbs are affected, the likelihood of simultaneous mastitis and endometritis significantly increases compared to cases where only one limb is affected. To effectively treat and prevent interdigital dermatitis in dairy cows, a more thorough study of the entire pathogenesis of the disease is necessary, taking into account the genetic, biochemical, and anatomical and physiological characteristics of the animal. Therefore, studying the relationship between Mortellaro disease and other common bovine pathologies, such as endometritis and mastitis, is a pressing issue in modern veterinary medicine, as these pathologies directly impact farm profitability and characterize the results of zootechnical and veterinary work.

Introduction: Hiatal hernia is a common pathology whose prevalence increases with age and obesity. Although laparoscopy has been the standard in its surgical treatment, the robotic approach has emerged as a promising alternative, offering greater precision, better ergonomics, and three-dimensional visualization. This study aims to present our initial experience with robot-assisted hiatal hernioplasty through a specific surgical technique and the analysis of a series of clinical cases operated with this approach. Clinical Cases: Four patients with symptomatic hiatal hernias refractory to medical treatment were operated on. All procedures were performed using Nissen-type fundoplication technique, utilizing three robotic arms. Surgical time ranged between 127 and 224 minutes, with no intraoperative or postoperative complications. All patients had good tolerance to the postoperative nutritional plan, adequate reflux control, and hospital discharge between 24 and 48 hours. No recurrences or symptoms were reported at one-month follow-up. Results: Patients who underwent minimally invasive and robotic surgery, despite not being exempt from complications, demonstrated benefits such as shorter hospital stay (48 hours), minimal bleeding, and efficient docking times. The use of three robotic arms reduced costs by 30%. Although meshes were not used for hiatal hernias, their potential benefits are recognized. Conclusion: Robot-assisted hiatal hernioplasty is a safe, reproducible technique with excellent postoperative results. Standardization of the procedure and training of the multidisciplinary team are fundamental to optimizing clinical outcomes. This approach represents an evolution in minimally invasive surgery and should be considered as a valid option in centers with experience in robotic surgery.

Introduction Functional bowel disorders (FBDs) are common pathologies worldwide. However, little is known about the subject in our region. Thus, we undertook a cross-sectional study to address the issue in our population. Methodology We conducted a retrospective descriptive study from January 2016 to December 2022 using data from 2,831 outpatients seen in the hepatogastroenterology department of Idrissa Pouye General Hospital in Dakar. All cases consistent with an FBDaccording to the Rome IV criteria were included. We collected and analyzed epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic, and evolutionary data. Results We included 397 of 2,831 patients (14.02%), with a mean age of 43.23 years and a sex ratio of 0.91. Symptoms were dominated by abdominal pain, which was present in 273 cases (68.8%). The constipation-predominant subtype of irritable bowel syndrome was the most common, found in 273 cases (32.2%). Dyspepsia was the most frequent associated symptom, reported in 102 cases (25.7%). The mean duration of disease at diagnosis was 5.72 years. Anxiety was associated in 11 cases (2.77%), and physical examination findings were normal in 296 cases (74.6%). Additional investigations were performed in 230 patients (57.9%). Treatment was mainly based on antispasmodics, prescribed in 236 cases (59.45%), and defoaming agents, prescribed in 303 cases (76.32%). Clinical evolution was marked by an improvement in symptoms in 183 cases (46%). Conclusions In our cohort, FBD mainly affected young adults, with a female predominance. Abdominal pain was the most common manifestation. Treatment was symptomatic, based on defoaming agents and antispasmodics, and a favorable outcome was observed in nearly half of the patients.