Businesses Research Articles

Innovative AI - ERP Integration: Elevating Enterprise Project Management and Business Process Improvement

Innovative AI - ERP Integration: Elevating Enterprise Project Management and Business Process Improvement

Status of Management Practices of Business Enterprise in Buhi, Camarines Sur

Management practices are significant in the development of business enterprises in Buhi, Camarines Sur. It is important to focus form the internal aspects to understand the different management practices that help the institution to remain strong and productive. This research sought answers to the question: What is the status of management practices being adopted by business enterprises in Buhi, Camarines Sur along with Human Resource Management, Marketing Management, Financial Management, and Organizational Management? This study used a descriptive research method that involves a collection of data to answer questions concerning the current status of the subject or prevailing questions. The study used a questionnaire as a tool to gather data. The study concludes that in the status of human resource management in management practices by business enterprises, the majority of the respondents use employment orientation about the rules and regulations of the company, and its objectives are given to newly hired employees. The majority of the respondents in terms of marketing management responded always encountered. Offering a product that provides customers with value. In the status of the management practices by business enterprises in Buhi, Camarines Sur in terms of financial management majority of the respondents are always using financial reports in decision-making. In terms of organizational management, the majority of the respondents responded always encountered. Activities of the business to be performed are clear and every employee gets independence in his workplace.

Imperial Origins of the Large Corporation: How the Department of War Helped Build the First US Railroads

In this article, I argue that leaders of the U.S. Department of War and U.S. Army developed the organizational form and management practices of the modern corporation, decades before the advent of the railroads. Following Mark R. Wilson’s call to “bring the military in” to organizational analysis, I show how leaders of the U.S. military developed modern management practices and organizational structures as a way of maintaining control over officers, soldiers, and workers over long distances, as they provided the organized violence necessary for domestic imperialist expansion. By the time that elite merchants and real estate interests in the Atlantic port cities of the U.S. became interested in building railroads, in the late 1820s and 1830s, the U.S. Army already evidenced the key characteristics of modern business enterprise as defined by Alfred Chandler: a multi-unit organization coordinated by a hierarchy of professional, salaried, career-oriented middle and top managers. All the characteristic coordination mechanisms of the corporation: staff and line hierarchies, divisional and departmental structure, and bureaucratic systems of information gathering, surveillance, and control, were developed by the state in the course of building a continental empire.

Decoding CSR reporting on poverty alleviation in China: a symbolic power perspective

Purpose This study aims to use corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting focused on poverty alleviation in China as a case to demonstrate a unique interplay between the state and private enterprises. It illustrates how CSR reporting has influenced both the mechanisms and outcomes of their interactive relationship, contributing to the construction of symbolic power. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on Bourdieu’s theory of symbolic power, this study explores how symbolic power has been constructed and reinforced between the state and private enterprises. It highlights the unique role of CSR reporting in facilitating an alignment between private enterprises objectives and state goals, ultimately reinforcing symbolic and social order. The empirical materials examined are the CSR reports prepared by the top 20 private enterprises in China from 2017 to 2022. Findings Major private business enterprises in China actively engage with the state’s objectives on poverty alleviation as reflected through their CSR reporting practices. This engagement is evidenced by shifts in keywords, dominant language and reporting structure, which closely align with the state’s stance on the issue. As a result, these enterprises receive heightened public recognition, which in turn helps reinforce the symbolic power and its influence on corporate behaviour. Originality/value This paper contributes to the CSR accounting literature by revealing a strategic role of CSR reporting that extends beyond conventional compliance levels commonly observed in Western liberal democratic societies. It serves as a function that facilitates interaction between the state and private enterprises in a symbolic power relationship, where both parties mutually benefit from the alignment of interests in poverty alleviation and social positioning.

Radical Vic: Politics and Performance on the Popular London Stage, ca. 1820–50

Abstract In nineteenth-century London, theater-going was a genuinely mass activity. Within a rapidly expanding entertainment industry, working-class playgoers abounded. Opened to the public in 1818, the Coburg Theatre, later renamed the Victoria and known as the Vic, developed an especially strong association with popular drama. Although much has been written on the kind of work that places like the Vic presented, much less has been said about their operation as plebeian public spheres, or what I term here “radical half-spaces.” Active in the campaign for political reform in the early 1830s, and the site of numerous socially critical melodramas, under the joint managerial team of David Osbaldiston and Eliza Vincent, the Coburg/Victoria would later align itself to Chartism. All the while, the theater continued to function as a profitable commercial enterprise. By showing how audiences at the Vic sought (and found) knowledge and cultural capital, as much as entertainment and spectacle, the article suggests that when considering the period's alternative radical spaces, account should be made of such avowedly populist establishments as London's minor theaters, and the complex assemblages of time, place, and people they represented.

Take Modern Enterprise Business Outsourcing as a Tool to Improve the Efficiency of Enterprise Management

Business outsourcing, as a new management model arising from the development and evolution of social division of labor and cooperative organizations under the conditions of knowledge economy, is increasingly welcomed by entrepreneurs. From this discovery, it can be seen that business outsourcing can become an effective tool for improving enterprise management efficiency. Therefore, this article focuses on business outsourcing as a tool to improve the efficiency of modern enterprise management and its application risks. By analyzing the three issues of business outsourcing as a tool to enhance the efficiency of modern enterprise management, and using methods such as case analysis and comparative demonstration, the relevant theoretical basis of modern enterprise business outsourcing, as well as the risks faced by modern enterprise business outsourcing, are analyzed to improve enterprise management efficiency, coordinate the relationship between outsourcing OEM production and independent brands, improve the relationship between outsourcing business and the enterprise itself, effectively enhance the core competitiveness of the enterprise, ensure the stable operation of business outsourcing, cultivate business outsourcing talents, and provide explanations and clarifications.To derive these contents can ensure that business outsourcing can serve as a tool for modern enterprises to improve management efficiency.

Revisiting the Past to Innovate the Future: The Mediating Impact of Absorptive Capacity on Organizational Forgetting and Innovation Performance in SME

Organizational forgetting is one of the keys to success in improving innovation performance in a business for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). This study examines the direct and indirect effects of organizational forgetting on innovation performance through absorptive capacity. This study was conducted on 135 SME owners in Jakarta and Tangerang. PLS-SEM was used as the analysis method of this study. The results show that organizational forgetting plays an important role directly and indirectly in innovation performance through absorptive capacity. Absorption capacity has a significant direct effect on innovation performance. The ability of SMEs to receive information and knowledge can improve their business ability to innovate. The findings of this study indicate the importance of organizational forgetting or not learning in SMEs.

Exceptions to the principle of “servi res sunt” in Ancient Roman law

It is indicated that the slave system was characteristic of many ancient civilizations in different parts of our planet, but it reached its greatest flourishing in the ancient world in the states of Ancient Greece and Rome. The article is devoted to the analysis of the legal status of slaves in Ancient Rome through the study of exceptions to the principle of “servi res sunt”. It is noted that the basis of the legal personality of an individual in a slave society was freedom. Slaves did not have it, as a result of which the principle of “slaves are things” was developed in the law of Ancient Rome. The actual position of a slave could fluctuate for the worse or for the better, depending on the realities that developed in a particular period, but the principle of “servi res sunt” was unchanged. It is noted that despite such a lawless position of slaves, their human nature did not allow them to comprehensively implement the norms of the institution of slavery in accordance with the principle of “servi res sunt”. Legal norms appeared that did not correspond to the mentioned principle, did not develop it consistently, but, on the contrary, created certain exceptions, which indicates the dual, contradictory nature of the norms of the institution of slavery. The number of such norms grew and became most pronounced during the period of the empire, when the institution of slavery began to decline and the Christian faith spread. Cases of the subjectivity of a slave in the economic, procedural and personal spheres are studied. The greatest attention is paid to legal acts that a slave could perform in the interests of his owner and the legal nature of such acts is described. The dependent legal capacity of a slave is noted when he performs transactions on behalf of his owner (ex persona domini). The subjectivity of slaves who were given relative economic independence is analyzed (in particular, slaves who were given peculia, made business agents, managers of commercial enterprises, ship captains, etc.). It is noted that in order to develop the economic freedom of a slave, the praetors developed norms directed against the subjectivity of slaves. A comparison is made of civil obligations that arose from the behavior of a slave in the interests of the slave owner with natural obligations. Other areas of manifestation of the slave’s subjectivity are investigated.

Role of Machine Learning in Business Enterprises

Machine Learning, a branch of Artificial Intelligence, has transformed business operations by facilitating data-informed decision-making, enhancing process efficiency, and driving automation. Organisations are progressively utilising machine learning to boost operational efficiency, elevate customer experiences, and foster innovation. This paper examines the utilisation of machine learning in multiple business sectors, such as banking, customer service, fraud detection, dynamic pricing, and predictive analytics. This emphasises the impact of machine learning in revolutionising conventional financial entities and enhancing efficiency via computational intelligence. The study further explores the future of business through the lens of machine learning, highlighting its influence on automation, security, personalised marketing, and sustainability. As organisations increasingly adopt AI-driven solutions, machine learning is poised to transform business strategies, offering competitive advantages and revealing new opportunities in the changing digital environment.

Electronic payment system and the growth of small and medium scale enterprises in Nigeria

Electronic payment system does not mean a total elimination of cash, but financial environment that minimizes the use of physical cash by providing alternative channel for making payment. The objectives of this study include; to identify the challenges those have hindered the adoption of e-payment system by small and medium scale enterprises, to investigate if e-payment system in any way enhanced the growth on small and medium scale business enterprises and finally to determine whether the Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Idah Federal Constituency of Kogi State, Nigeria possess the requisite facilities and skill for e-payment transactions. The survey was carried out through the administration of questionnaire on owners and operators of small and medium scale businesses in the study area to ascertain whether the small and medium scale enterprises have started utilizing electronic based payment in their day to-day payments and business activities through Point of Sale Terminals (POS). GSM, Mobile Banking, and Automated Teller Machine (ATM) card. Descriptive statistic and t-test method of analysis are used to test the hypothesis. From the result of the study, it was revealed that e-payment system significantly increases growth of SMEs in Idah federal constituency. This signifies that an efficient and modern payment system positively correlated with economic development and it is a key enabler to economic growth. Keywords: Electronic Payment, Growth, SMEs, Nigeria.

Accurately Predicting HOMO Energy of Linear Fluorinated Carbonates via Simply Counting the Number of Fluorine Atoms

AbstractThe HOMO energy levels of fluorinated carbonates are pivotal to their stability in high‐voltage batteries and are thus, a key parameter to determine the potential of the target molecules as electrolyte solvents. The typical determination of HOMOs by professional quantum‐chemistry calculations is challenging for commercial enterprises. Thus, the development of a convenient and rapid strategy becomes increasingly demanding. Herein, based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations on 192 fluorinated carbonate derivatives and data analysis, a multiple linear regression (MLR) was deduced to correlate HOMO energy with the simple structural parameters, i.e., the number of fluorine atoms on α‐, β‐, and γ‐C sites of the carbonates, and the number of β‐alkyl (denoting the branching of the α‐alkyl group) of the carbonate group, as descriptors. There is excellent agreement between the predicted HOMO energy and the DFT calculated one, with a linear correlation coefficient of R‐Square (R2) = 0.946, mean absolute error (MAE) = 0.076 eV, and root mean squared error (RMSE) = 0.095 eV. Using the convenient MLR model and the easily accessible descriptors, a platform was developed for predicting the HOMO levels of fluorinated carbonates promptly.

Lack of government support: A hindrance to entrepreneurship development of SMTE sector in Buffalo City, South Africa

Background: The lack of government support hinders entrepreneurship development thus burdening the South African economy. The small to medium tourism enterprise (SMTE) sector currently faces challenges due to lack of government support.Aim: This study sought to investigate the lack of government support among owners and managers of SMTEs in Buffalo City, South Africa.Setting: This study focusses on the role of government support in tourism entrepreneurial ventures within Buffalo City.Methods: The study utilises both qualitative and quantitative research methods to analyse the role of government in the SMTE sector.Results: The study elucidates that some of the owners and managers that operate these businesses lack government support to manage businesses to perform optimally and provide impetus to entrepreneurship development.Conclusion: The study indicates that government support is crucial to entrepreneurial development. Therefore, it is recommended that government must invest in supporting small business initiatives to enable them to improve performance. Thus, entrepreneurship development will help developing economies such as Buffalo City.Contribution: The article sought to investigate the challenges that relate to a lack of government support. The role of government is critical in developing initiatives that could assist owner-managers in discharging their managerial responsibilities of SMTEs. Furthermore, it is recommended that the government should provide effective entrepreneurial training support programmes in order to foster the growth potential of SMTEs in Buffalo City.

Analysis of Research Hotspots and Trends in Confined-Space Work Safety Based on CiteSpace

This study investigates the current state of research on confined-space work safety both domestically and internationally. Utilizing literature from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science (WoS) databases as primary sources, CiteSpace was employed for a visual knowledge mapping analysis. By comparing the Chinese and English literature, research hotspots and developmental trends in this field across different regions were identified. The results indicate that research on confined-space work safety in China is relatively limited and commenced later than in other regions. There is a low level of cooperation among domestic organizations and authors, and interdisciplinary collaboration needs significant improvement, hindering the advancement of communication within the discipline. In China, research has long focused on accidents and asphyxiation in confined spaces, particularly within industrial and commercial enterprises, with chemical enterprise safety emerging as a potential future research hotspot. Conversely, the English-language literature has historically focused on the mechanisms of accidents, with recent years seeing a diversification of research topics. In the future, the prevention and control of risks associated with confined-space work will likely focus on mitigating risks at the source. This will include incorporating safety considerations during the design stage and utilizing automated technologies to minimize the necessity for personnel entry, thereby reducing inherent risks. This study can help researchers to comprehensively learn hotspots and trends in confined-space work safety in China and internationally, and to identify potential directions for future research.

The relationship between management accounting implementation and business performance of Vietnamese small and medium enterprises

The study examines the relationship between management accounting implementation and the business performance of Vietnamese small and medium enterprises. The quantitative study analyzed data collected from 259 Vietnamese small and medium enterprises using a convenient non-probability sampling method. Based on the evaluation of relevant domestic and foreign research, a model and research hypotheses are put forward to investigate the impact of management accounting applications on performance. Experts’ opinions guided the design and editing of the questionnaire, and we assessed its reliability using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The convergent and discriminant validity of the scales were evaluated by Exploratory Factor Analysis. Regression analysis using SPSS software to evaluate influence between factors in the proposed model. Analysis results show that management accounting implementation is positively influenced by business size, managers' awareness, level of competition, and accountants' competencies; implementation investment costs have a negative impact. Competitive pressure is the most influential factor motivating business managers to apply management accounting to their businesses to improve business efficiency. Business size significantly influences the application of management accounting, with small and medium-sized business models having the slightest impact. The implementation of management accounting positively affects performance. Therefore, the research provides evidence about current management accounting and enterprise business performance. The research has practical value for managers in expanding the application of management accounting in small and medium enterprises.

Iran’s Leap into the Future; an Exploration of Tissue Engineering Companies: Review Article

Background: This review represents the first comprehensive compilation of data on Iranian commercial, service, and research entities in the field of tissue engineering up to 2024. Methods: Through an extensive search of official websites, 56 companies were identified: 29 commercial enterprises, 17 service providers, and 10 research institutions. The majority (64%) of these companies are headquartered in Tehran, with many established post-2004. Results: Biomaterials account for half of the product portfolio, with 38% of ongoing research focused on this area. Although cell-based products currently make up only 12% of offerings, they are the subject of 38% of current research, indicating significant potential for future growth. Conclusion: This study provides a detailed overview of the development and future prospects of Iran's tissue engineering sector. The key conclusion emphasizes the need for an expanded focus on cell-based therapies and the establishment of stronger regulatory frameworks to facilitate the commercialization of innovative products. The review identifies key research gaps and proposes directions for future study, utilizing a descriptive methodology with in-depth data analysis and theoretical discussion.

How to address the corporate social responsibility decoupling? A novel perspective from corporate responsible competitiveness

ABSTRACT Many commercial enterprises fall into corporate social responsibility (CSR) decoupling, we consider that it can be mitigated by corporate responsible competitiveness (CRC), which is an attempt to directly embed social values into main products. Taking social enterprises as the sample, we have identified five antecedents of CRC using grounded theory, and explored the joint effect of these five factors to form CRC based on fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). Accordingly, we construct a strategic choice matrix for enterprises, in which we indicate three types of CRC and their conditions to discuss how CRC addresses CSR decoupling. Ultimately, this research offers scholars a new opportunity to solve CSR decoupling, and extend our understanding of the relationship between social value and a firm’s main products. Meanwhile, our configurations and strategic choice matrix provide new opportunities and paths for CSR strategies implementation, providing a reference for the research of CSR.

A political economy analysis of the legislative response to unhealthy food and beverage marketing in Chile, Canada and the UK

United Nations bodies call for legal responses to restrict children’s exposure to unhealthy food marketing; however, few governments have introduced legislative controls. This research studies the underlying political economy influences that impacted the introduction of legal responses. We used a multiple case study methodology to examine the political economy influences on the policy process in three contexts (Chile, Canada and the UK). Data from documentary evidence and 21 semi-structured key informant interviews were analysed using a political economy framework studying the institutions, interests, ideas and the associated power dynamics that shaped the policy process. The prevailing neoliberal ideologies and overarching institutional paradigm, in which all actors were operating, meant any form of government intervention had to be justified, evidence-based and no more intrusive on commercial enterprise and public life than necessary. The neoliberal paradigm permeated each of the political economy elements (institutions, ideas and interests). In addition, its influence was observed in all stages of the policy process, from introduction through to adoption of the resulting law or regulation, and experienced in both the executive and legislative branches of government. A paradigm shift away from the protection and primacy of commercial enterprise and limited government interference would reduce the barriers governments face when introducing legislative responses to unhealthy food marketing. These dynamics may be tempered if institutional, actor and discursive power is harnessed in support of the legitimate public health measure, which would involve a strong mandate for the ministry responsible and a dedicated and influential policy entrepreneur. - Provides an insight into how three different governments legislated unhealthy food marketing. - Provides lessons for other governments about what challenges those countries faced and how they overcame them. - Considers the political reality behind policy making that impacts on how evidence-based policy making occurs.

Business Environment Optimization, Digital Transformation, and Enterprises’ Green Innovation

The optimization of the business environment makes regional economic development more dynamic. Whether this can be used as an influencing factor to promote the green innovation of enterprises is worthy of attention. Based on the concept of digitalization and green collaborative transformation, combined with the panel data of A-share listed companies in China’s capital market from 2016 to 2020 and the corresponding business environment index of each province, this paper empirically tests the impact of business environment optimization on enterprises’ green innovation and its channel mechanism by using a two-way fixed-utility model. The findings are as follows: Firstly, business environment optimization has a significant positive impact on enterprises’ green innovations, and this conclusion is still valid after a series of endogenous and robustness tests. Secondly, business environment optimization can foster conditions conductive to green innovation by promoting enterprises’ digital transformation. Through empirical tests, a chain-channel mechanism is identified whereby business environments can promote enterprises’ green innovation via digital transformation, innovation ability, and a willingness to pursue environmental management. Finally, further analysis reveals significant heterogeneity in the positive impact of business environment optimization on green innovation, with a more pronounced positive impact in state-owned enterprises, high-tech enterprises, and low-polluting enterprises. The research findings of this paper provide a specific reference and basis for the Chinese government to further optimize the business environment and effectively promote the green innovation of enterprises.

Effect of Generative Artificial Intelligence on Strategic Decision Making in Entrepreneurial Business Initiatives: A Systematic Literature Review

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) emerges as a promising tool to improve strategic decision-making in a business environment characterized by increasing complexity. There are external and internal factors that are part of the success of entrepreneurial initiatives. A relevant factor is the technological environment as an external factor and innovation as an internal factor that make decision making effective. The study reviews the existing literature on implementing GAI in business decision-making. It assesses its short-, medium- and long-term effects, considering the interaction between GAI and human judgment. Challenges related to uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity are examined, and the relevant literature is reviewed to understand these aspects comprehensively. The review shows that, despite the advanced capabilities of GAI to analyze data and generate patterns, human judgment remains crucial in situations of high uncertainty. The results suggest that combining GAI with human expertise can improve the accuracy and efficiency of strategic decision-making by integrating the strengths of both parties. The implementation of GAI can offer significant improvements in the efficiency and accuracy of business decisions. However, human judgment and experience remain essential, especially in uncertain contexts. The key to maximizing the benefits of GAI lies in finding the right balance between artificial intelligence and human capital.

The Corporation and the Twentieth Century: The History of American Business Enterprise by Richard N. Langlois

<i>The Corporation and the Twentieth Century: The History of American Business Enterprise</i> by Richard N. Langlois