Commemorative Book Research Articles

Elena Alexandrovna Bakhtina: an Attempt to Verify Biographical Information (On the Problem of Creating a Scientific Biography of M. M. Bakhtin)

Introduction. The creation of a scientific biography of M. M. Bakhtin (1895–1975) is an urgent task of the modern humanities. There are many “blank spots” and inaccuracies in the biographies of the thinker. One of the most noticeable gaps is the extremely scarce and contradictory biographical information about his wife, E. A. Bakhtina (nee Okolovich). The article sets the task of verifying the biographical information about her given by other researchers by comparing already known sources and introducing new ones into scientific circulation. Materials and Methods. The study is of a historical-biographical nature. Research material: unpublished documents from the personal archive of M. M. Bakhtin; printed historical sources of the XX century (“Commemorative books” and other reference publications of the Vitebsk province); oral memoirs of people who communicated with E. A. Bakhtina during the Saransk period of her life recorded by the author in the 1990s – 2000s; scientific and popular science publications of a biographical nature about M. M. Bakhtin and representatives of his Circle. Basic methods and approaches: historical-and-cultural approach, comparative historical method (including comparative and correlative analysis). Results. It was revealed that many of the widely disseminated data about E. A. Bakhtina are inaccurate or generally do not correspond to reality. The introduction of new sources into scientific circulation made it possible to correct the date (year, day, month) and place of her birth, to determine the places of her study and work in different periods, to clarify and expand information about her parents (full name, place of residence and work, position, rank, estate, property status). Discussion and Conclusion. The results obtained contribute to solving the complex problem of creating a scientific biography of M. M. Bakhtin, in particular, they make adjustments to the ideas that have developed in science about the Vitebsk, Leningrad and Kustanai periods of his life, about the sequence of some events which happened to him at that time and about cause-and-effect connections between them.

Architectural activity in the structure of the Vladivostok city government: the beginning of the 20TH century

The architectural activities of Vladivostok’s municipal government (city council and management) can be divided into two chronological intervals. The initial stage (1875-1898), considered by the author elsewhere, was a period of organization and appointment of the first city architect and definition of his duties, surveying and landscaping of the city’s central area, and construction of the first stone public and residential buildings for the civilian population. This publication continues the study of the planning, design and construction activities of Vladivostok’s municipal architects and engineers from the early 20th century until the revolutionary events of 1917. A characteristic feature of the time under consideration is periods of decline in design and construction (1898-1905); and activation in 1906-1917, directly related to events in the city, region, and the world. The study examines objects erected by the municipal authorities and city management structure, and presents a list of city architects, engineers and technicians. The publication is based on information from the Commemorative Books of the Primorye Region, early 20th century periodicals of Vladivostok, and funds of the Russian State Historical Archive of the Far East.

Синодик-помянник Малюты Скуратова из Иосифо-Волоколамского монастыря: опыт расшифровки

The article is devoted to the analysis and deciphering of the ancestral Commemoration Book of Malyuta Skuratov from the death-bills of the Joseph-Volokolamsky Monastery. This material is compared with the other Commemoration Books of Skuratov from the Novodevichy Convent and Trinity-St. Sergius Monastery. The analysis improves the knowledge about the genealogy of Malyuta Skuratov and the relations within the Belsky clan. The Commemoration Book has regular features that can help to decipher other synodic records.

From the Grand Hotel to the Piazza Grande

The Locarno Film Festival is one of the oldest film festivals in the world. Founded in 1946, it is today widely recognized as an international hub for emerging cinema. However, what remains little known is that it was originally conceived as a touristic attraction managed by a few film professionals, and thus had to fight hard to impose its artistic and cultural ambitions over the interests of the tourism and film industries. This article shows that, considering that Locarno was neither created nor supported by political authorities or cultural institutions, its evolution heavily depended on the economic interests of a tourist organization and professional associations of film producers, distributors, and cinema operators. Looking beyond the official narrative publicized in commemorative books depicting the festival as a privileged place for avant-garde cinema since its early years, the article demonstrates that Locarno’s specialization in new cinema was decided in a context of commercial pressures and increasing competition between film festivals. Focusing on the period during which it evolved from a small-scale, provincial celebration to an international platform for art house cinema, it argues that the so-called cinephile editions of 1966–70—when the directors of the event decided to completely distance themselves from the tourist imperatives and commercial function of the festival—must be understood as a radical and short-lived experience in the history of Locarno, rather than a representative trend.

«Հիշարժան տարեթվերը»՝ որպես մեթոդ-մատենագիտական ձեռնարկ

The National Children’s Library after Khnko Aper, is the methodical center of children’s libraries of our country, carries out various methodological-bibliographic publishing works. From 1963 up to now, the library’s Bibliography Department has been creating a “Memorable Dates” reference manual, which includes the famous dates of the given year, commemorative books and works, national and international holidays, as well as topics of interest to children and young readers. It helps different levels of society plan their work and organize events and book exhibitions. Encyclopedias, biographical dictionaries, relevant reference books, official websites on the online platform, etc. are used in compiling the manual.

«Потерявши родину, обрел признание на чужбине…». Жизнь и судьба русского военного инженера Владимира Аполлоновича Антонова

Introduction. The article examines the trajectory of the life of a representative of the officer corps of the Russian Imperial Army, military engineer Vladimir Apollonovich Antonov. This choice is explained by the fact that recently the issues of studying the biographies of representatives of Russian emigration have become very relevant.Materials and methods. The authors of the article conducted a microhistoric study of the fate of one of these representatives, which demonstrated both typical and special episodes from his life. The basis of the work was the data of Address calendars and Commemorative books of the Vyatka and Tambov provinces, materials of the State Archive of the Tambov region and the Russian State Military Historical Archive.Results. As a result of studying various sources, it was possible to compile a description of our hero's youthful years during his studies in Tambov. Consider the nuances associated with obtaining a military education, starting service, acquiring the first combat experience and completing training at the military academy. Having studied the documents of the period of the First World War, the authors were able to trace the combat path of Vladimir Apollonovich, who was awarded several awards. During the "troubled" period of the Civil War, it was possible to find out the fact of his participation in the ranks of the white movement and emigration. The apotheosis of the research was the fate of V.A. Antonov abroad, where he was able to realize his vocation and enter the history of the city of Kumanovo. In addition, the result of the work was the clarification of some inaccuracies and errors made earlier in the works of some researchers.Conclusion. Conducting such studies allows us to give an objective assessment of the multifaceted fate of the Russian military emigration, which represented an impressive layer of our compatriots who found themselves in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.

Кем был в миру Патриарх Иоасаф I (1634–1640 гг.)?

The article is devoted to the patriarch Joasaphus I’s (1634–40) origin and status in worldly life. Earlier he was the abbot of the Pskov-Caves Monastery (1621–27) and the Pskov archbishop (1627–34). Joasaphus became the metropolitan after the death of Philaret (Romanov) (1619–33). The researchers noted that they had a close relationship. The only earlier known historical source informing of Joasaphus’s origin is the Chronograph of the Astrakhan archbishop Pachomius (mid-17th century). It reports that Joasaphus was a descendant of servitors of Boyar scions (deti boyarskie). His parents’ names in religion (Julia and Bogolep) are known to researchers from the Synodic of the Cornelius Komelski monastery. The author of the article has managed to find new data. Synodic of the Yaroslavl Transfiguration of the Savior Monastery notes Joasaphus’s secular name: Ivan Borisov, son of Tonky (the Thin). The author has also established that, prior to taking his monastic vows (1609), Ivan made a donation (a 16th century manuscript) to the Siya Monastery of St. Antonius to commemorate his parents. In 1601–05 Philaret lived in this monastery in exile. Ivan’s father, Boris (Bogolep), might have lived in this monastery with him. The record of donation mentions Ivan’s status: he was a Boyar scion of the Rostov metropolitan Philaret. Considering absence of the names of Ivan and his father in the list of servitors of the Rostov metropolitan’s house (1591/92), the author supposes that Ivan had been connected with Philaret before the latter became the Rostov metropolitan. Probably he was a servitor of the Romanovs (aristocrats like Fedor Nikitich Romanov had a lot of them). Ivan might have taken the monastic vows in the Solovetsky monastery (ca. 1611-12) after his overlord Philaret had been captured by the Poles. After his returning in Moscow thanks to his relationship with Philaret, Joasaphus made a successful church career. Ivan/Joasaphus’s interest in books might have been instrumental in this. His donation to the monastery was not typical for a representative of service class people. As a rule, they donated the Gospel, Psalter, Menaion to churches and monasteries. Ivan possibly inherited his interest in books from his father. The Gift book of the Siya Monastery of St. Antonius informs that monk Bogolep (probably, the father of the future patriarch) gave no less than 6 books to the monastery in late 16th century. The research is based on the colophons, Synodics, Commemoration books of the Russian monasteries.

Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić i jej Brlićevac

The article, based on the commemorative books of the Brlićevac summer house and the correspondence of the Croatian writer Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić, attempts to show the influence that the family estate had on Brlić-Mažuranić and her work. Atthe estate in the immediate vicinityof Brod, where the spouses lived, the family spent the summer months for many consecutive years and Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić wrote most of her works. The close contact with nature, which this place provided to a nature-loving writer, became the dominant source of her inspiration, it also guaranteed great well-being, unattainable in other places she lived ( Brod,Zagreb ). The property played a huge role in the life of the famous Croatian who, in her time free from the work in the vineyard, willingly devoted herself to recreation typical of a summer resort, and each celebration of the moments spent together with the loved ones, led to a kind of sacralization of this space.

HOLOCAUST IN EDUCATION — CULLING THE DIARY OF ANA FRANK FROM THE CURRICULUM FOR SLOVENIAN (2018/2019)

The article will present the theme of the Holocaust in the curricula for Slovene in three social systems (1984, 1998, and 2019). Based on a literary analysis of children's writing (diaries, poems and commemorative books) during the Holocaust. Special attention will be paid to Anne Frank’s Diary of 12-year-old Anne Frank (1942-1944). The Holocaust Museum in the US has about 70 digitized children's diaries (manuscripts and translations into English). At the Yad Vashem Memorial Centre in Israel, there is an exhibition Children in the Holocaust, which presents albums, diaries, toys, books, personal items, letters, oisbetjum postcards, drawings and commemorative books. The Museum of Contemporary History in Celje collects the diaries and commemorations of the so-called stolen children (The Diary of Slavka Preložnik and the Pepce Medved Memorial Book) and the Pesmarica Justine Marolt (NUK). Ana Frank’s diary has been next to the Bible since 2009, Grimm’s fairy tales on the UNESCO World Heritage List. The decision is of the opinion that, because of all the above, it is indispensable to exclude the Diary of Ana Frank from the Curriculum for Slovenian (2018/2019).

Job requirements for tax inspectors: legislative framework and reality (based on the materials of the Pskov Governorate)

The paper considers the requirements of the laws of the Russian Empire for tax inspectors and the implementation of these requirements in practice. The duties and responsibilities of the assistant inspectors are quite well researched in the modern scientific literature. However, the researchers of the issue have not revealed the real state of situation, concerning these civil servants. The main attention of this work is focused on the information contained in the Regulations on the establishment of the position of tax inspectors of April 30, 1885 and in the Highest approved Regulations on tax inspectors and their assistants of May 24, 1899. These laws thoroughly describe the competencies that tax inspectors should have when they began their service, and whether they had an appropriate rank for the applied position. Meanwhile, while studying commemorative books and materials from the State Archive of the Pskov Region (SAPR), it turned out that not all of them had the required rank or education level. Most of the inspectors who applied were well below the required rank, and a certain number of employees did not have proper education to hold the post. Subsequently, they could (and did) raise these statuses, but the practice of hiring a person (people), taking a lower position than it was formally needed, requires detailed consideration and explanation.

German-Brazilian Women in Turnen at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century

This study aims to determine how the participation of German-Brazilian women in Turnen in Rio Grande do Sul figured at the beginning of the twentieth century. Considering the period of this research and the phenomenon studied, the documentary corpus favours printed documents such as the annual reports of gymnastics societies and commemorative books and images, namely photographs, found in printed documents. Turnen is a distinctly Germanic cultural practice developed in Brazilin places inhabited by German immigrants and their descendants. The insertion by German-Brazilian women into Turnen and their practice of it resulted from compensatory stabilization methods developed through practices and representations. It established a close relationship between masculinity and nationality marked in the practitioner’s physique. As German-Brazilian women entered the practice of Turnen, they gained new spaces outside their homes and, with the expanded limits, there was also the self-coercion of behaviour and feelings. Behavioural norms became more tolerant as long as they did not affect the previously conditioned system and social roles.

Аналіз збереженості видань губернських статистичних комітетів у бібліотеках та архівних установах України

The article analyzes the availability of commemorative books and other publications of provincial statistical committees in archival and library institutions of Ukraine, as well as the problems of their preservation. The lack of reliable information about the repertoire and storage locations of publications seriously hinders their introduction into scientific circulation and researchers’ access to them. The main types of problems that are encountered on the way to identifying complete collections of publications and complicate the work of the researcher are identified. A brief description of the impact on the work of archival and library institutions of military operations and occupation regimes that have been unfolding on the territory of Ukraine since the 20th century is given. It has been found out that at the moment the storage of relevant documents can take place in such institutions as central universal scientific libraries, historical and local history museums, state archives, university libraries, etc. In addition, during the study, an analysis was made of the number and condition of the identified publications of the statistical committees of Kyiv, Poltava, Volyn, Кaterinoslav, Kherson, Chernihiv, Taurida and other Ukrainian provinces. It is concluded that the publications of the provincial statistical committees should be considered as valuable and rare copies that require active accumulation and digitization. The solution to this problem can be the activation of research of archival and library funds, as well as their fixation and storage on digital media.

정석종의 조선 후기 민중운동사 연구와 의미 -『정석종, 그의 삶과 역사학』(역사비평사, 2020)을 중심으로

The 20th anniversary commemorative book of Jeong Seok-jong’s death, ‘Jeong Seok-jong, His Life and History’, is a compilation of the ‘Memorial Collection’, where people can look back on his life by collecting the memoirs of those around him, and the ‘Thesis Collection’, a collection of Jeong Seokjong’s representative theses. First, the ‘Memorial Collection’ helps us understand the social role of history studies amid the heightened aspirations for democracy in the 1980s along with the academic atmosphere of the spread of nationalism and overcoming colonial history after the April 19 Revolution. In addition, his ‘Thesis Collection’ mainly focuses on the classes of people who had been discriminated against and marginalized in the daily life of the Joseon Dynasty, such as those born out-of-wedlock, monks, and slaves. While approaching the social system and structure of the change in the status system, he tried to delve into their daily lives that existed in the system and structure. In this regard, this book is expected to serve as a ‘communication window’ for young researchers who want to critically inherit the practicality of people’s history in the 1970s and 1980s.

What Do Beautiful Stories of Wartime Consolation Tell Us? ：A Study on The Imperial Japanese Army Consolation Group of Nihon Shimbun Remmei and Konan Ni Jun No Tabi

This paper focuses on the activities of the Imperial Japanese Army consolation group (sent to boost the morale of soldiers) on the Jiangnan front line and its commemorative book, Konan Ni Jun No Tabi. It was published in May 1939 during the Second Sino-Japanese War by the Japanese newspaper league (Nihon Shimbun Remmei) and was not available for sale to the public. The Imperial Japanese Army’s consolation mission to the war zone was highly active. Under the guise of comforting the Imperial Japanese Army and visiting battle sites, this group, while receiving preferential treatment from the military, continued to travel around war-torn Jiangnan. They eulogized the scenery of the battlefield in front of them and worked to connect the front line with the home front. In addition to being a beautiful story of the battlefield, the book Konan Ni Jun No Tabi glorified the work of this group as overwhelmingly successful and unprecedented, in this way making the text more of a beautiful story than a simple summing up of its work.In this paper, based on an analysis of this book, the purpose of these stories, hidden behind the larger narrative of the Jiangnan battlefield, is examined. Another “Jiangnan” as seen by the group is revealed, as is the reality of their work and their success.

War Commemoration and Nationalism in Belgium, 1914–1945: The Role of Military Networks

Abstract War commemoration either solidifies or undermines the nation. Studying the evolution of Belgian nationalism during and between the two World Wars, the authors argue that the impact of war commemoration on nationalism is conditional on the military networks in which warfare was embedded. The authors rely on commemorative books and archival records to create a unique database of World War I military networks and commemoration as well as nationalist resistance and anti-nationalist collaboration during World War II. Aligned with the main hypothesis, autoregressive network models reveal that if military networks crosscut the regional communities and fostered equal relationships, commemoration was likely to strengthen the defense of the nation. In the absence of these relationships, however, commemoration activated internal fault lines that undermined nationalism. These findings highlight how collective rituals, military organization, and social structure should be studied simultaneously to fully understand the relational dynamics of warfare and nation. This article also calls attention to a distinct set of mechanisms through which organizational and ideational effects produced by one war can carry on to the next.

THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH ON THE TERRITORY OF NADDNIPRIANSKA UKRAINE AT THE END OF 40-S OF THE 19TH – THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY

An attempt of analysis of written sources of the history of the Roman Catholic Church on the territory of Ukraine at the end of 40-s of the 19th – the beginning of the 20th century was performed in the article. Such types of sources as act documents were selected due to the type-specificity principle. Concordat of 1847 as an international agreement between Vatican and the Russian Empire has become a crucial object of analysis. The legislative acts included into “The full collection of laws of the Russian Empire” are considered among the documents of the authorities engaged in the study that are crucial legislative acts the power of which was extended on all administrative and territorial units. The documents of religious organizations are represented in the study by the bull of “Diocesan separation” written by the Pope of Rome Pius IX.Business documentation, statistical materials, among of which is “The first general census of inhabitants of the Russian Empire in 1897”, are considered in the study. Moreover, “Diocesan Gazette” – an official periodical of the Russian Orthodox Church in the Russian Empire is presented in the study. Compendiums dated of the second half of the 19th – the beginning of the 20th century are a particular type of written sources, namely they are represented by “Commemorative books”, for example, an issue: “The Roman Catholic hierarchy in the Russian Empire and the Kingdom of Poland and a list to secular and monastic clergy in Lutsk-Zhytomyr diocese and Podillia province” that contained essential statistical information as well as records regarding a hierarchical structure of the diocesan clergy of the Roman Catholic Church on the territory of Naddniprianska Ukraine in defined period.

AUKŠTŲJŲ MOKYKLŲ SISTEMA LIETUVOJE 1940–1990 METAIS: RAIDOS BRUOŽAI

This article presents the review of the development of Lithuanian higher schools during the Soviet period. Chronological data of establishment and transformations of Lithuanian high-schools in 1940–1990 are presented, beginning with the Soviet occupation and ending with the Revival events. The article highlights the structure and specifics of Soviet Lithuanian high-schools, the content of specialists training, provisions of science and studies. Chronologically integral, comprehensive scientific works about higher education development in Soviet Lithuania have not been prepared yet. Most of the information about this period is provided by individual archival documents, Soviet periodical press, commemorative books, different high school publications on the history of their institution, as well as individual researchers memoirs, some features of the development of higher education are revealed in individual scientific works. This article provides an summarized material of various authors and sources and integral analysis of Lithuanian higher education during the Soviet period.

MALE MONASTERIES OF THE EPARCHY OF LVIV IN EARLY MODERN SOCIETY: RELIGIOUS ASPECT

Summary. The purpose of the research is to find out aspects of the religious function of male monastic communities of the Eparchy of Lviv (Orthodox and Union) in the local environment at the end of the XVI ‒ first quarter of the XVIII century. The methodology of the research is based on the principles of historicism, interdisciplinarity. Methods inherent for the study history of local social groups are used. The scientific novelty is in an attempt to study the religious function of monasteries in the Eparchy of Lviv, with the involvement of little-known and unpublished sources. Conclusions: among the most important aspects of religious activity of the monasteries of the Eparchy of Lviv was pastoral work, which was uncommon during the period under study. The pastorate of monks in parishes was initiated by church hierarchs or the founders of the parish, less often by the parishioners themselves. An important religious function of monastic communities was funeral services, which were held in monasteries at the request of the faithful inscribed in commemoration books. On the example of Pidhorodyshche monastery commemoration book, it can be stated that small monasteries were popular mainly with peasants or clergy from nearby settlements, to a lesser extent with burghers or gentry. The important role of monasticism in the religious consciousness of various classes of early modern society is confirmed by testamentary gifts in wills for monasteries. The personal religiosity of specific individuals played a significant role in their making. The nobility and burghers often chose monasteries as the place of their burial. Both family ties to monasteries and personal religiosity were decisive in this choice. An important place in the religious consciousness of the society of that time played the celebration in the honour of the monastery patron with the representatives of all classes of the society of that time taking part in it.

Pamětní knihy a jejich role v muzejních institucích

Commemorative books are an essential part of exhibitions and long-term exhibitions in Czech museums. This article provides insight into the contents of books and to the information that this material can offer. A detailed analysis of ten selected pieces from the exhibitions of the National Museum answers the question of what function these notebooks in hardcover held today. As a simple glance at their records can tell us, this is not only a collection of signatures and commemorative records but also a source from which we can get an idea about visitors of the museum (resp. writers) and their views on the exhibition project, which they saw. However, while analysing this source and its informative value, we cannot forget it has its limit connected to the circumstances of its origin.

Association of Former Ukrainian Soldiers in Great Britain (AFUS) as A Factor in Promoting the Ukrainian Issue in Europe

For the first time, the subject of the study is the Association of Ukrainian Former Combatants in Great Britain, registered in London in July 1949, which is practically unknown in Ukraine. One of the stipulations of its Statute was informational and publishing activity in terms of the promotion of the Ukrainian issue in Western Europe unresolved by the global community.Various printed products of this organization have not yet been digitized, and no book collection in Ukraine has complete sets of its publications. With this in mind, the author conducted a study of the history of AFUS in libraries and archival collections of Ukrainian NGOs in London during his recent research internship in Great Britain.The emergence and many years of effective activity of the Association of Former Ukrainian Soldiers in Great Britain proved the need to unite Ukrainian combatants of different armies, who, as a result of the war turbulence, were forced to find themselves outside their homeland. At the beginning of 1953, the Association had around 6,000 members.The first chairman of the AFUS (1949–1953) was Captain Mykhailo Dliaboha. He became famous for breaking through the siege with his comrades in the first battle of the newly formed ‘Galicia’ division near Brody in July 1944, thus saving the lives of many Ukrainian soldiers. Later, the organization was headed by Mykhailo Bilyi-Karpynets, Teodor Kudlyk, Bohdan Mykytyn, Sviatomyr Fostun.In the beginning, the main array of printed AFUS products were cyclostyle publications for the organization’s needs: military-historical essays, lectures, collections, and materials on various dates of the historical calendar.The semantic, technical, and ideological-educational characteristics of book editions, which had been published for decades under the brand of this organization, and were distributed in the free world, are presented in detail. This relates, in particular, to “Ethnographic Map of Southwestern Ukraine (Galicia)”, prepared by prof. V. Kubiyovych – a series of memoirs of former soldiers of the First Division of the Ukrainian National Army – and an unrealized project of a commemorative book “Prisoner of War Camps of the 1st UD UNA in Great Britain”. Three issues of the now rare AFUS Almanac are also considered.