Color Graphic Display Research Articles

Picles?: A simulator for ?virtual world? education and training in process dynamics and control

Picles™, the Process Identification and Control Loop Explorer System, is IBM-PC-compatible software now being used in process dynamics and control courses around the world. Picles is an easy-to-use training simulator that provides hands-on experience to those studying this often abstract and mathematic subject. Picles contains a number of real-world processes and controller algorithms, animated in color-graphic display, for exploration and learning. One big contribution this software makes to the educational process is that Picles provides a convenient means for exploring real-world applications of a broad range of theoretical concepts. Such hands-on reinforcement of theory creates a learning environment never before possible for this subject. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

A high-resolution color graphic display four-channel software tachistoscope

A software tachistoscope for IBM-PC-compatible personal computers equipped with Tseng-ET4000-based VGA boards is described. It is shown how up to four bit-mapped color images with a resolution of up to 800 X600 pixels may be stored in video display memory and alternatingly be selected for screen display in synchrony with the vertical retrace signal of the video controller.

Development of an emergency operation supporting system for nuclear power plants

Abstract In order to support the emergency operation of nuclear power plants (NPPs), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) has been developing a computerized operation supporting system called KOSSN (KAERI Operation Supporting System for NPP). Artificial intelligence (AI) and probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) techniques have been used in developing KOSSN. KOSSN consists of three parts: In the first part the operator action items for the emergency operation of an NPP are listed. In the second part the success paths of the safety systems which can be used for the operator to restore the challenged safety functions and rank them according to the respective operability are generated. In the last part, according to the present plant status, an appropriate event tree is suggested in order to show possible future courses of accident progression. For efficient man-machine interface, a color graphic display is used. KOSSN is built on a workstation using the IF-Prolog language and the X11 graphic tool.

Three-Dimensional Modeling and Simulation of an Ash Melting Furnace for Design of Sludge Melting Furnaces.

A three-dimensional, three-phase model for the melting of solid particles in a coke moving-bed furnace was made for the improvement of the design and operation of sludge melting furnaces. The melting characteristics of ash particles were studied as the first approximation, instead of sludge particles, owing to the uncertainty of the physical and chemical properties of the latter. The simultaneous transfer of momentum, heat and chemical components with variable physical properties was simulated in this model. The Patankar’s SIMPLER method was employed for the numerical computation. The solutions were visualized on arbitrarily chosen cross-sections of the furnace using a color graphic display system. The numerical experiment for ash-melting characteristics using this code can provide valuable information necessary for the design and operation of practical sludge melting furnaces. This numerical prediction, based on the test operating data of a commercial furnace, is successful in determining whether the furnace can melt sludge with a reasonable rate of coke consumption.

Non-Destructive Core Analysis Using X-Ray Computed Tomography

X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a non-destructive means by which the internal structure of an object may be viewed. It produces a digital image that is a map of the X-ray attenuation in a slice through the object. At Curtin University, this technique has been successfully applied in the analysis of various rock materials, including four inch diameter cores from the petroleum exploration industry. Two scanners, an EMI CT5005 (second generation machine) and a Siemens SOMOTOM DR/H (third generation), both in routine medical use at local Perth hospitals, have been used in this work. Interpretation of X-ray CT results is facilitated by high resolution colour graphic display on a Landmark seismic workstation. CT images have revealed sedimentological and structural features in cores that are, in some cases, quite unexpected, and would not be apparent utilizing conventional (i.e. destructive) core analysis techniques. X-ray CT has much potential for core characterisation and reservoir modelling; it can measure mineral distributions, depositional textures, porosity variability, fracture frequency and orientation, and fluid saturations. Core quality parameters such as the degree of drilling mud invasion can also be assessed. Importantly, X-ray CT can image the internal structure of sealed (i.e. preserved at the rig site) cores.

An Analysis of Transient Flow in a Clean Room by a Modified GSMAC Finite Element Method

A method of numerical simulation has been developed to delineate guidelines for the ventilation design of a clean room. This paper presents a modified finite element analysis for solving unsteady incompressible Navier-Stockes equations. This scheme is based on the algorithm of the HSMAC (highly simplified marker and cell) method and the general idea of orthogonal decomposition. Unsteady flow simulations in terms of stream lines, equipressure lines and equivorticity lines are obtained on a color graphic display

A Navier-Stokes analysis of 3-D transonic cascade flow and its visualization.

The purpose of this paper is, first, to analyze 3-D transonic cascade flow by using the TVD Navier-Stokes code developed by the authors. Since the momentum equations of contravariant velocities are used in the code, the treatments of boundary conditions, especially the solid wall and the periodic boundaries for the 3-D cascade flow, become very easy. A Chakravarthy-Osher type TVD scheme modified by the authors is adopted in order to clearly simulate 3-D complex flow having shock waves and separation bubbles. The second purpose is to visualize the computed results by using the 3-D color graphic display. As numerical examples, the 3-D viscous flows thorough a transonic axial-flow compressor rotor with or without a tip clearance are computed, and the colored oli-flow patterns, 3-D particle paths, 3-D time lines which show the shock/boundary layer interactions and a leakage vortex near the casing wall are obtained. In particular, the mechanism of occurrence of the leakage vortex is investigated in detail.

An expert system for aluminum-alloy welding procedure specification

It is of great technical and economic significance to develop expert systems in the welding field. This paper describes an expert system for aluminum-alloy welding procedure specification. The system involves 17 welding processes and 16 aluminum-alloy materials. Its output consists of expert advice on process selection, a colour graphic display of the suggested joint design, and recommendations for the main welding process parameters. It is written in Turbo Prolog, and is designed for running on an IBM PC, or compatible computers.

Condition Monitoring of Ferroalloy Furnaces

This paper presents a condition-monitoring system for heat-exposed components of ferro alloy furnaces. A prototype is now installed on a furnace at Saiten Verk in Norway. The instrumentation includes about 250 measurements of different kinds. The computer software which handles the measurements, includes a mathematical model of the furnace lining, a leakage and "blow-out" detection system for the power supply and smoke hood, a calculation of thermal stress on exposed components, a system for handling of alarms, and an instrumentation diagnostic system. The operator interface is based on a colour graphic display system.The project has been successfully completed, and the system has proved itself as an important tool for the operators controlling the furnace.

An analysis of transient flow in clean room by an improved GSMAC finite element method.

A clean room has recently become indispensable equipment for various kinds of industries. In order to design a clean room, it is important to consider improvement of the working environment and energy conservation. The air flow of a clean room is very complex. It consists of recirculation flows, and the direction of mean air flow is changed locally. A method of numerical simulation have been developed to delineate a guideline for ventilation design of a clean room. This paper presents an improved finite element analysis for solving unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. This scheme is based on the algorithm of the HSMAC (Highly simplified marker and cell) method in SOLA and the general idea of orthogonal decomposition. It has actually been applied to the case of the lid-riven square cavity flow at Re=10 000, and of air flow in a conventional clean room. Unsteady flow simulations in terms of stream lines, equipressure lines, and equivorticity lines are obtained on a color graphic display.

パソコンによる結晶構造作図プログラム

For studying crystal structures, it is very useful to draw them from the various crystal-lographic directions. It can easily be carried out by a personal computer. A program “CRYSTAL” for drawing crystal structures has been developed on the NEC PC-9801 series personal computer with 640 KB main memory. The program is written by N88BASIC and it can display a crystal structure with either ball-and-stick model or polyhedral model on the color graphic display of 640x400 dots. In this paper the program is described and some results are demonstrated.

A structural analysis of visual form on packaging graphics and its use in an automated design system

The objective of the paper is to construct a computer system which automates the design procedure in the field of commercial graphics of packaging boxes. To automate the design process a structural analysis of the graphics has been done. It is found that there is a name region of the product and a picture region which indicates somehow the packaged content. The sample graphics which have already been printed are gathered. Their structures are converted into numerical forms which are stored in the files of the computer system as a data base. In the design phase a designer gives a few key words to the computer. Then, it draws an appropriate number of samples from the data base which cover the key words. Using an arithmetic averaging operation and a majority decision rule the computer proposes a composed graphics on a color graphic display. Starting from this graphics, the designer is able to correct or change parts of the graphics in a man-machine interactive manner.

レーザースペックル法による末梢循環系の画像化 (III)

A new instrument is developed to display the spatial variation of microcircular flow using a laser speckle image sensing. The system consists of laser diode, linear image sensor, signal analyzer with 16bits microprocessor and colorgraphic display. Optional functions to show the rapid temporal variation of skin blood flow are demonstrated with much faster response time than the current laser flow monitor. For faster data acquisition within one second, a two-dimensional image sensor is introduced, aiming at the blood flow analyses through an endoscope and a slit lamp.

Comprehensive Display of Intracranial Pressure-related Data with a New Minicomputer

Measurement and analysis of intracranial pressure (ICP) are crucial to neurosurgery. It has been asserted that analogue data printouts of ICP do not provide enough information on the actual condition of the patient and make further data processing impossible. Most institutions, however, rely on this simple technique to classify patients, evaluate treatment effectiveness, and even to mathematically and statistically analyze the (possibly inaccurate and unreliable) data obtained. Although several microcomputer systems for ICP data processing have been developed recently, they handle only a fraction of ICP dynamics. The Data General DG 30 Minicomputer, a total system that includes comprehensive color graphic display and digital printing of ICP-related data, was developed with new techniques that improve algorithmic sampling and analysis. Included in the data display are vital signs, trend analysis and histographic array of mean ICP, mean blood pressure, and cerebral perfusion pressure, the ICP power spectrum of the B wave, intracranial compliance, and the A wave. This comprehensive presentation of ICP-related data provides a basis for more objective evaluation of treatment modalities and may contribute substantially to studies of the value of ICP monitoring.

CAD-Based off-line programming of painting robots

SUMMARYThe complex model presented in this paper consists of three main parts: (a) a model of the robot; (b) tools for building and displaying models of workpieces to be painted; (c) a model of the spatial distribution of the paint particles. The simulation process is preceded by the creation of the surface to be coated. A colour graphic display is used for this purpose. The surface appears on the screen together with the robot (hidden line elimination is included). The “spray gun” is installed at the robot's tip and its orientation, performance and other characteristics are to be set. The paint particles sprayed are supposed to form a cone, and by considering its intersection with the surface, the amount of paint delivered to any point can be evaluated and visualized in different colours. The operator simulates the process of painting by moving the spray gun, changing the parameters (speed, distance, etc.), erasing and repeating any step of the process. He can also work in an automatic path generation mode. The result is a near-to-optimal path of the robot's tip (minimizing paint loss and providing a good evenness of coating).

Real-Time Analysis of Local Wind Patterns for Application to Nuclear-Emergency Response

Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PGandE) has sponsored development of a computer-based system for real-time analysis of local wind measurements in a complex-terrain setting. Mass-consistent modeling of tower- and Doppler-sounder data produces spatial wind-vector patterns on a color-graphic display. The system is currently deployed at the Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant to assist meteorologists in supporting response to radiological emergencies.

FIRE MAIN CONTROL

ABSTRACTThe ship fire main has undergone considerable development throughout the past 2,000 years, resulting in a system that is critical both for normal ship function and for ship survivability in emergencies. Because of its complexity, the modern firemain system is highly vulnerable to malfunction and to damage during combat. Firemain fault detection and fault recovery are currently conducted manually by damage control teams. The advantages and disadvantages of this method are discussed, and alternative methods of fault detection and recovery are explored. An interactive computer program is introduced which uses central control over remotely situated valves to facilitate fault detection and recovery, significantly reducing recovery‐time and manpower requirements. These reductions may result in savings of lives, ship systems, and ships themselves. The computer program is based upon an algorithm which is, in effect, a prescription that can be followed manually by the operator or be completely automated. The color graphic display which is used for monitoring can also be utilized for the training of damage control operators or for the evaluation of other algorithms for firemain control. Alternative firemain hardware and configurations could lead to even more efficient methods of fault detection and recovery as well as improved firemain water supply management in general.

画像計測における情報処理に関する研究

Analogue graphic data obtained from CT images, or similar sectional images are converted into digital ones by using a X-Y digitizer, and the original 3-D object is reconstructed by processing with a personal computer. After the oblique projection method is confirmed in synthesis of optical sectional cut images for concavo-convex glass model in an experiment, the color graphic display for human bone is attempted by processing the CT scanning images.

Color graphic display.

Recently computer graphics technology is developing rapidly. In the field of the fusion plasma physics, too, this technology is useful to analyze and clearly show complicated three dimensional processes. In this report, hardware configuration of a color graphic display is summarized.

Experience with Installation of a Computer Based Information System in an Operating Nuclear Power Plant

Computer based colorgraphic display systems provide improved convenience and clarity of information for the nuclear power plant operator during emergency and normal operations. Installation in an operating plant presents design challenges due to the need for integration with existing systems and procedures, a critical shortage of available space, and limited access to plant operating systems. Maintainability and reliability of the system is a primary design consideration. The challenge was met at Plant Hatch through use of a network of rugged and compact Military Specification computers and modular implementation during available outage time.