Colonial Mentality Research Articles

Entrepreneurship Skills Acquisition and the Benefits amongst the Undergraduate Students in Nigeria

There is this colonial mentality among the first generation graduates in Nigeria where there has been a craze for white collar office work alone. In recent times, the Nigeria graduates have faced a lot of frustrations from lack of achieving the white collar job so to speak. This paper is advocating the adoption of re-positioning the economic development and entrepreneurial drive for job creation, wealth creation and global competitiveness of Nigeria youths and graduates. The basic truce of this paper is to enhance a match between theory and practice as facilitated by research and development centers in the Nigerian universities to serve as a technology laboratory and incubate entrepreneurship skills. The entrepreneurship education as a compulsory course in some Nigerian university system is actually viewed as a means to empower the youths through entrepreneurship education. The paper critically looked at the role of entrepreneurship education. The purpose is to equip the individual and create the mindset to undertake the risk of venturing into applying the knowledge and skills gotten from school. Other issues like the provision of individuals with enough training to enable creativity and innovation relevant to skill acquisition to encourage self-employment and self-reliant were x-rayed. Some techniques like industrial training exercise, workshop and seminar, excursion as a vehicle in the youth empowerment and eradication of poverty and extreme hardship were mentioned. Challenges like inadequate funding, lack of training personnel and men availability of equipment were identified as issues facing entrepreneurship education. Recommendations like entrepreneurial base curriculum at all levels of education, provision of enabling environment for entrepreneurial development required for economic advancement and youth empowerment should be the key focus in Nigeria for youths and graduates from various tertiary schools as applicable.

Moving Forward with the Legitimation of the Azibo Nosology II

What have mental health practitioners to rely on for diagnosis of African descent clients that respectfully incorporates behavioral imperatives from centered African culture? The original 1989 Azibo Nosology contained 18 African-centered culture-focused disorders. Twenty-five years later, the 2014 Azibo Nosology II (ANII) was published open access in the Journal of Pan African Studies (volume 7, #5, 32-145) as a 2nd edition. In it, there are 55 disorders deriving from theory about the African personality construct. It draws on the work of 22 theorists writing over a 60-year span. To penetrate psychological establishmentarianism requires the ANII be perceived as legitimate. Under the backdrop of the quest for freedom and literacy by African descent people, legitimation is approached through (1) discussion of slave and colonial consciousness of African descent psychological workers including practitioners, (2) lingering colonial mentality among Eurasian descent practitioners and psychological workers, and (3) necessary future clinical work that practitioners can carry out now in daily praxis.

A Tale of Two Occupations

This article explores divisions over hunting game in postwar Japan, illuminating a neglected aspect of the u.s. Occupation—namely the interrelationship between General Headquarters, Armed Forces Pacific (ghq, afpac), its military organization, and the more familiar General Headquarters, Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (ghq, scap), with the primary mission of democratic reform. It also examines the previously overlooked work of scap’s Natural Resources Section, particularly its wildlife branch under its leader Oliver Austin, who clashed with members of the u.s. military over the need to restrict their hunting activities. A keen ornithologist, Austin worked hard to uphold a conservation program based on sound economic and ecological principles, viewing the mist netting of small insectivorous birds for food as counter-productive in agricultural terms. In contrast, he regarded the netting of waterfowl on special preserves where shooting was illegal as an efficient and sustainable means of harvesting game for domestic consumption. Members of the u.s. military objected to such limits, choosing to shoot in protected areas despite the damage done to the livelihoods of Japanese netting communities. The behavior of these Americans, who resented any restrictions on their leisure activities, reveals a colonial mindset that supported the belief that u.s. military control over Japan excused them from complying with Japanese laws.

Körper und Temperaturen: Figurationen des kolonialen Begehrens in der deutschsprachigen Gegenwartsliteratur

The central argument of this essay is gathered from two historical novels published around same time and revolving around the same historical figure August Engelhardt. High temperature, in particular the tropical heat finds its metaphorical expression in the sun and then the fever as two prototypical colonial phantasies and/or fears and weaves the narrative around the temperature driven intricacies. Marc Buhls Das Paradies des August Engelhardt (2011) and Christian Krachts Imperium (2012) form the primary sources for the discussion within the topic of colonial desire with reference to the temperature as a significant indicator of either appreciation or devaluation underlining the colonial mentality. My paper concentrates on the overlapping sites within German speaking literature from post-colonial perspective. Along with the works of Marc Buhl and Christian Kracht, I cursorily touch upon Ilija Trojanows novel Der Weltensammler (2006), since it deals with the figure of a historical British colonial officer, Richard Francis Burton. The common thread running through all three works is not only the fact that they deal with scurrile biographies from the pages of colonial history in India and Africa, but that they develop the narrative on another common indicator – the Tropes and their Temperatures.

“Living in truth” versus realpolitik: limitations and potentials of the Umbrella Movement

This paper is concerned with the social context in which the Umbrella Movement emerged in Hong Kong in 2014. It aims to analyze its limitation and transformative potential for Hong Kong. It attempts to review the changing socio-cultural dynamics in the past few years, with a focus on the notion of realpolitik that has significantly disrupted the processes of developing a public vision of an alternative society, as well as undermined people's mutual trust and right to non-conformity. In presenting our analysis, the authors attempt to think through the transformative potential of civil disobedience, drawing on Vaclav Havel's notion of “living in truth,” as a long-term project aimed at changing the predominant colonial mentality and cynical culture in the contemporary Hong Kong social context.

Africa and Technology in Higher Education

Showing that technology in higher education in African countries is lagging behind the developed world and also that Internet connectivity is on the rise in African nations, this paper describes and analyzes trends in the use of ICTs as well as the impact that the shortage in technological use and capacity has on Africa, particularly that needed to address the changing demands within the higher education sector. Challenges to the proposed widespread implementation of technology exist, particularly because most institutions of higher education have very limited technological capacity and basic resources, such as electricity, equipment, and funding; brain drain, improper use of ICT, and the colonial mindset are also factors. It is suggested that ICT be integrated into education with a purpose and within the context of postcolonial theory and a critical pedagogy perspective. Key uses of ICT in education, including mobile technology, are access, support, and communication, making learning available to anyone anywhere and enhancing learning as an interactive process, with much potential for collaboration and problem-solving. Four salient components related to incorporating ICTs into higher education are discussed: (a) teacher education; (b) curriculum; (c) distance learning; and (d) educational policy, planning, and management. Examples of technological initiatives in higher education as well as recommendations are given. Ghana, Kenya, and Tanzania, representative of other African nations to varying degrees, are highlighted in regard to ICT infrastructure and its relevancy to higher education. It is concluded that African higher education has high potential for catching up in the technological race.

Romantic spectres in the Waikato caves: William Satchell’s The Greenstone Door as a chronotopical intertext and a critique and affirmation of bourgeois modernity

Abstract Set in New Zealand during the Land Wars, William Satchell’s Bildungsroman, The Greenstone Door is widely considered to be one of the most seminal novels in New Zealand literary history. The text contrasts the rural topography and the social life of the Waikato with the urban landscapes and mentalities of Auckland and relates the development of its main protagonist, Cedric Tregarthen, to these (symbolic) spaces. This article examines the forms and scope of Satchell’s use of German literary discourses to narrate and comment on the New Zealand Land Wars, and on the ascent of bourgeois modernity and colonial mentalities in New Zealand. Authors and works considered in this comparative context include Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s Wilhelm Meister, Friedrich Schiller’s ‘Das Lied von der Glocke’, Novalis’s Heinrich von Ofterdingen and Karl May’s Winnetou. Drawing on theories developed by Sigmund Freud, Yuri M. Lotman and Mikhail Bakhtin, this article focuses in particular on The Greenstone Door’s key ‘chronotopes’. In this context, special emphasis is paid to the cave scene in which the novel’s protagonists anticipate the tragic future of traditional Maori culture. My reading suggests that the cave scene in The Greenstone Door can be understood as an adaptation and inversion of the cave scene in Novalis’s early Romantic novel Heinrich von Ofterdingen, thus necessitating an extension of Bakhtin’s and Lotman’s theoretical framework, which may be termed ‘chronotopical intertextuality’. The article concludes with a critical assessment of Satchell’s and Novalis’s ‘prophetic’ passages about the political and cultural future of German and New Zealand culture.

Falling Sacrifice to Despotism: Virginians Respond to the Intolerable Acts of 1774

<span>The purpose of my project is to analyze how Virginians responded to the Intolerable Acts of 1774, which were mostly aimed towards Boston and Massachusetts. This analysis consists mainly of coal county and town resolutions passed during the summer of 1774 in response to the Intolerable Act. These resolutions reveal what many Virginian’s were thinking during this time as well as the evolution of their sentiments. Through these resolutions and other documents of the time, I was able to construct a portrait of the Virginia colonial mindset towards these acts, and how they eventually affected the overall colonial response. My results showed that these acts worked, inadvertently, towards unifying colonists against British policy. Their responses during this year are necessary in understanding the American Revolution.</span>

The War of Translation: Colonial Education, American English, and Tagalog Slang in the Philippines

This paper examines the role of language in nationalist attempts at decolonization. In the case of the Philippines, American colonial education imposed English as the sole medium of instruction. Native students were required to suppress their vernacular languages so that the classroom became the site for a kind of linguistic war, or better yet, the war of translation. Nationalists have routinely denounced the continued use of English as a morbid symptom of colonial mentality. Yet, such a view was deeply tied to the colonial notion of the sheer instrumentality of language and the notion that translation was a means for the speaker to dominate language as such. However, other practices of translation existed based not on domination but play seen in the classroom and the streets. Popular practices of translation undercut colonial and nationalist ideas about language, providing us with an alternative understanding of translation in democratizing expression in a postcolonial context.

Settler Colonialism: Then and Now

Previous articleNext article No AccessArticleSettler Colonialism: Then and NowMahmood MamdaniMahmood Mamdani Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Critical Inquiry Volume 41, Number 3Spring 2015 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/680088 Views: 4286Total views on this site Citations: 25Citations are reported from Crossref © 2015 by The University of Chicago. 0093-1896/15/4103-0007$10.00. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Lorien S. Jordan Unsettling colonial mentalities in family therapy: Entering negotiated spaces, Journal of Family Therapy 44, no.11 (Nov 2021): 171–185.https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6427.12374Amy Barlow, Fiona Edwards The True North Strong and Free? Casting Shadows on Whose History Students Learn in Canadian Universities, INYI Journal 11, no.11 (Nov 2021).https://doi.org/10.25071/1929-8471.83Nadim N. Rouhana Religious Claims and Nationalism in Zionism, (May 2021): 54–87.https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108768191.004Ann Laura Stoler Colonial Diffractions in Illiberal Times: Forecasts on the Future, Public Culture 33, no.11 (Jan 2021): 65–85.https://doi.org/10.1215/08992363-8742184Damian White, J. Timmons Roberts Post Carbon Transition Futuring: For a Reconstructive Turn in the Environmental Social Sciences?, (Nov 2020): 223–242.https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108554510.016Sai Englert Settlers, Workers, and the Logic of Accumulation by Dispossession, Antipode 52, no.66 (Jul 2020): 1647–1666.https://doi.org/10.1111/anti.12659Mona Bhan, Haley Duschinski Occupations in context – The cultural logics of occupation, settler violence, and resistance, Critique of Anthropology 40, no.33 (Jun 2020): 285–297.https://doi.org/10.1177/0308275X20929403Mohamad Junaid Counter-maps of the ordinary: occupation, subjectivity, and walking under curfew in Kashmir, Identities 27, no.33 (Jun 2019): 302–320.https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.2019.1633115Ezequiel Mercau The Falklands War, 477 (Apr 2019).https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108629843Jeanne-Marie Viljoen Decolonising violence through the ineffable: the case of Africa’s world war, African Identities 17, no.11 (Apr 2019): 18–35.https://doi.org/10.1080/14725843.2019.1607719Jacob Euteneuer Settler Colonialism in the Digital Age: Clash of Clans, Territoriality, and the Erasure of the Native, Open Library of Humanities 4, no.11 (Mar 2018).https://doi.org/10.16995/olh.212Nadim N. Rouhana Decolonization as reconciliation: rethinking the national conflict paradigm in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, Ethnic and Racial Studies 41, no.44 (Jun 2017): 643–662.https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2017.1324999Ayman K. Agbaria Israeli education and the Apartheid in South Africa: ongoing insights, Intercultural Education 29, no.22 (Mar 2018): 218–235.https://doi.org/10.1080/14675986.2018.1429573Katarzyna Marciniak ‘As foreign as it gets’: indigenous immigrants, transnationality, and rage in Sherman Alexie’s The Business of Fancydancing, Transnational Cinemas 9, no.11 (May 2018): 105–123.https://doi.org/10.1080/20403526.2018.1463689Sarah Marusek Appreciation or Appropriation? An Indigenous Moment in the American Numismatic Narrative (1999–2009), (Mar 2018): 215–235.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75497-0_9Ilan Pappe Indigeneity as Cultural Resistance, South Atlantic Quarterly 117, no.11 (Jan 2018): 157–178.https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-4282082Karen V. Hansen, Ken Chih-Yan Sun, Debra Osnowitz Immigrants as settler colonists: boundary work between Dakota Indians and white immigrant settlers, Ethnic and Racial Studies 40, no.1111 (Aug 2016): 1919–1938.https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2016.1213403Kirk B. Sides Precedence and warning: global apartheid and South Africa?s long conversation on race with the United States, Safundi 18, no.33 (Jun 2017): 221–238.https://doi.org/10.1080/17533171.2017.1324081Nadim N. Rouhana The Psychopolitical Foundations of Ethnic Privileges in the Jewish State, (Jan 2017): 3–36.https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107045316.002Onur Ulas Ince Between Equal Rights: Primitive Accumulation and Capital's Violence, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2017).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2971324Julian Brave NoiseCat Slaying the Carbon-Consuming Colonial Hydra: Indigenous Contributions to Climate Action, Development 59, no.3-43-4 (Jun 2017): 199–204.https://doi.org/10.1057/s41301-017-0099-4Renisa Mawani Law, Settler Colonialism, and “the Forgotten Space” of Maritime Worlds, Annual Review of Law and Social Science 12, no.11 (Oct 2016): 107–131.https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-102612-134005Lana Tatour The Israeli left: part of the problem or the solution? A response to Giulia Daniele, Global Discourse 6, no.33 (Jun 2016): 487–492.https://doi.org/10.1080/23269995.2016.1199474Kirk B. Sides Ecologies of relation: post-slavery, post-apartheid, and rethinking race across the Atlantic in Zakes Mda’s Cion, Safundi 17, no.11 (Feb 2016): 3–19.https://doi.org/10.1080/17533171.2015.1130771Lorenzo Veracini Facing the Settler Colonial Present, (Nov 2016): 35–48.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2654-6_3

Decolonizing Sex: A Multicultural and Gay Affirmative Approach to Counseling with African American and Latino Men Who Have Sex with Men

This article presents a theoretical model for providing psychotherapy to Latino men who have sex with men (LMSM) and African American men who have sex with men (AAMSM). Clinicians will learn to use a colonial mentality lens, thus seeing these clients’ internally and externally imposed experiences of homophobia and racism. Using this colonial mentality lens while integrating gay affirmative therapeutic interventions, therapists and counselors serving LMSM and AAMSM clients may better understand the broadest context of these marginalized clients’ experiences. A clinical vignette offers intervention strategies supporting this novel approach for serving LMSM and AAMSM.

Blueprint for an Indian Nobel Laureate in Psychiatry

There are a number of spoofs and light-hearted writings in blogs, journalistic pieces and book form (even from former Nobel Laureates), which attempt at ‘understanding’ the secret of getting a Nobel. This is not one of them. It is more pedantic without necessarily being dry. It first analyses the meaning of the concept, ‘the greatest benefit of mankind’, which is the crux of the Nobel Will and the overarching requirement for a Nobel in Medicine. Further discussion in the paper is divided into 5 parts: (1)General qualities for a Nobel: The need to be really bright is a given; what is necessary is to be sufficiently crazy about a research topic to make it an obsession; be ready to forgo many creature comforts for long stretches of time; and after all this, be ready to accept that the Nobel may never happen, yet continue to do a type of research solely because it is intrinsically worth doing.(2)Nobel in Physiology or Medicine: Here, the key is to do fundamental/basic research to answer persistent, nagging, unanswered questions of medicine which others neglect because they are discomforting. Or, find treatments that change the whole manner a disease has been hitherto treated.(3)Nobel in Psychiatry: There are many Nobels waiting to be won, provided: (a) The branch becomes more precise; (b) Science, quantitative study and biology remain its bedrock; and (c) There is an almost obsessive preoccupation with unravelling the mysteries of the brain. One has to choose wisely where to put in efforts, e.g., fields like fundamental research into the causes of psychiatric disorders, especially schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorders. Or their definitive treatments. Or, work at the cellular or molecular level of the neuron and brain; or, the glandular or genetic level of the systems connected with psychiatric disorders; or, in brain radio imaging. If other, or allied, fields are chosen, to work with finding quantitative data and attempt to pinpoint their precise biological correlates.(4)Indian Nobel in Medicine: There is first the need to give up the colonial mindset that everything trend-setting in science comes only from the West. As also, for Departmental Heads, to protect and nurture those with research excellence rather than the mediocre and the sycophants. For governments, to set up an autonomous Research Excellence Council to expressly and exclusively cater to promoting research excellence, with a sizeable fund to put this into practice.All these four points are summarised as four rules.(5)Indian Nobel in psychiatry: Practical suggestions are presented in the form of an 11 Point Action Plan based on 1-4 above.

Where are all the Koorie football players? The AFL and the invisible presence of Indigenous Victorians

Authenticity plays a central role in the construction of invisibility. Framed within the colonial mindset, the ‘authentic Aborigine’ narrative deems Indigenous Victorians as invisible within mainstream Australian society. This article presents the argument that Indigenous football players residing in Victoria function as invisible and are therefore not ‘seen’ as contenders for recruitment into the Australian Football League.

Puerto Ricans in the Empire: Tobacco Growers and U.S. Colonialism by Teresita A. Levy (review)

Reviewed by: Puerto Ricans in the Empire: Tobacco Growers and U.S. Colonialism by Teresita A. Levy Harry Franqui-Rivera Teresita A. Levy. 2014. Puerto Ricans in the Empire: Tobacco Growers and U.S. Colonialism. Rutgers University Press. 200pp. ISBN: 978-0-8135-7132-4. This study has both a local and a global context. It is local in the sense that it closely examines “small scale, politically involved” independent producers of tobacco leaf in Puerto Rico and their engagement with the American metropolis within a framework, which even though it remains colonial, provided for dynamic negotiations. And, it is global in the sense that the subject in question is part of an imperial and colonial, global agricultural narrative which during the first third of the twentieth-century included an expanding American Empire stretching from the Philippines to Hawaii and to the Caribbean. Hence, this book is a welcome addition to the New Imperial Studies. The new American empire brought and sought to impose its own political and economic structures while attempting to reshape the new colonial subjects by imposing its own gender, racial, and class organization patterns, as well as new forms of labor and land tenure patterns in both the formal and informal empire. The metropolis, however, had to contend with well-established cultural and socio-economic practices in its new territories. In the case of Puerto Rico, Laura Briggs (2002), Eileen Findlay (1999), and Solsiree del Moral (2013),1 among others, have addressed the contestation and negotiation of power within a colonial setting by examining education, gender and race. Teresita Levy takes the same approach addressing this understudied area of Puerto Rico’s agricultural sector. As one of the largest employers in rural Puerto Rico during the first decades of the twentieth-century, the tobacco leaf industry is relevant for (2) both labor and agrarian studies. But Levy goes beyond the field, delves into demographics, and also discusses the political power that tobacco-growers came to yield. Levy’s historiography section in the introduction is a tour de force. She engages with the long historiography of oppression narratives and simplistic Manichean views of Puerto Rico’s past. She questions the several unchallenged “truisms” in Puerto Rican historiography since 1898, and the seminal works that have perpetuated “the colonial mentality,” “the attitude of submission and acquiescence characteristics of Puerto [End Page 240] Ricans,” the juggernaut of “land concentration, the disappearance of the independent farmer, and the damages to the psyche of the Puerto Ricans” (7) by a capricious and intractable metropolis. As Levy takes us through a historiography of colonial-imperial relations in Puerto Rico, she reminds us that even as the 1990s’ academic crop focused on the dramatic changes brought by the American occupation, certain themes continued to dominate almost unchanged. Among them, is the development of the sugar industry as a main goal of the “American colonial government at the expense of every other economic sector on the island”, and the insular government “acting as an agent of U.S. corporations to the detriment of the Puerto Rican people” (9). And perhaps more importantly, the damage inflicted by colonial policies to the collective self-esteem of the Puerto Ricans continued to be taken as a fact. Levy exhorts us to move beyond these simplistic views and to conceive the Puerto Ricans as active agents within the American Empire much in tune with Ayala’s American Sugar Kingdom’s thesis (1999).2 Within this empire there is agency in the form of resistance, negotiation, and collaboration (10). Levy reminds us that “Is it for this reason that Puerto Rico is an extraordinary case for understanding the political, economic, and social structures of the American empire in the early twentieth century.” The study of tobacco cultivation in Puerto Rico allows for a close examination of “how economic expansion triggered by the new colonial policies resulted in increased political activity and demands for participation” (13). Most studies dealing with the agricultural narratives of Puerto Rico under American sovereignty deal with sugar and the exploitative nature of the factory in the field. Levy argues that what we have learned from the sugar sector has been applied unquestioned to other agricultural...

Assessing the Psychological Consequences of Internalized Colonialism on the Psychological Well-Being of Young Adults in Ghana

This study examined the psychometric properties of a revised version of the Colonial Mentality Scale in a sample Ghanaian young adults (CMS-G; N = 431). In addition, the degree to which mental health and self- and group-concept was effected by internalized notions of colonial mentality was assessed. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to evaluate the underlying factor structure of the CMS-G. The findings indicated that the CMS-G produced a four-factor orthogonal model as best representing the construct of colonial mentality among Ghanaian young adults. CMS-G scores correlated in the anticipated direction with self-esteem, collective self-esteem, anxiety, and depression. Additional analyses indicated that Ghanaian young adults endorsed colonial mentality items associated with physical characteristics and colonial debt with a higher frequency than other CMS-G items. Men endorsed colonial debt items statistically significantly more than women. Implications for the study’s findings are discussed and recommendations for future research are presented.

Disrupting Colonial Mindsets: The Power of Learning Networks

If changes that make a difference to Aboriginal learners are to be effected in public schools, then transformational change is required (Menzies, Archibald, &amp; Smith, 2004). How is transformational change best achieved? In this article, I argue, based on a recently completed study (McGregor, 2013) that teacher learning—particularly among non-Aboriginal teachers—is critical to effecting transformation in how teachers think about Aboriginal learners as well as how they plan and deliver fully inclusive learning opportunities. After outlining a theoretical framework for transformation focused on networked, inquiry-based learning and culturally inclusive practices, I explore how one particular teacher-learning network—the Aboriginal Enhancement Schools Network (AESN) in British Columbia, Canada, offers a powerful example of how teacher learning networks can enable deep and transformational change among participating teachers and leaders. I provide exemplary stories of transformation to illustrate the power of this model to effect changes in teacher beliefs and mindsets about Aboriginal learners and culturally inclusive practices. Following this, I identify several key enabling features of the AESN, including socially just, distributed forms of leadership, relational accountability (Wilson, 2008), and affiliative, catalytic models of implementation, a focus on “new, strong and wise ways” (Halbert &amp; Kaser, 2012, p.11) of learning, and provincial and district resources that support network learning activity. The conclusion highlights implications of this study for school jurisdictions and policy makers. Keywords: networked teacher learning; transformational change; socially just leadership

Born Again Urbanism: New Missionary Incursions, Aboriginal Resistance and Barriers to Rebuilding Relationships in Winnipeg's North End

This paper examines the controversy that emerged as the City of Winnipeg debated committing public funds to an evangelical Christian group seeking to build a youth centre in an urban neighborhood with a large Aboriginal population. It traces the emergence of a coordinated opposition to the project and demonstrates why many felt that municipal and federal support was not only inappropriate but also worked to recapitulate longstanding patterns of disregard for the needs and aspirations of Aboriginal peoples. In an era where it has become common for Canadian governments to speak of “reconciliation” we demonstrate how such ambitions continue to be impeded by pervasive logics of governance that work against genuine processes of decolonization. We argue that events in Winnipeg reveal the persistence of longstanding colonial dynamics and demonstrate how such dynamics are exacerbated by the regressive tendencies of the city's neoliberal orientation. We insist that colonial practices and mentalities not only permeate the present but also that they interact with, and are shaped by, the exigencies of actually existing political economies. Ours is an attempt to show how insights about the form and content of urban neoliberalism can be productively engaged with insights about how colonial relations have been reproduced and transformed in the contemporary moment. It is also an effort to demonstrate how such mentalities and practices are being resisted and challenged in important ways in contemporary Canada. Our observations are based on a range of interviews with local activists, politicians and service providers as well as a close reading of a range of political documents available on the public record.

Violence against Women

Protesters in Kolkata, India, decry violence against women following the death of a twenty-three-year-old woman who was gang-raped and beaten on a bus in New Delhi. Activists in India later criticized U.S. feminists for reproducing colonial discourse in their responses to the attack. When gender-based violence occurs in the Global South, how should feminists in the Global North respond? Sometimes feminists in Europe and the United States say nothing, fearful that their attempts to speak out about gender violence in South Asia, Africa, Latin America, or other formerly colonized regions will reproduce colonial dynamics. At other times they do speak, and their language echoes imperial narratives about needing to "rescue" downtrodden women from "backward" cultural traditions. To move to a more constructive place, we need to foster a transnational analytic of care: one that is not defensive, reactionary, or silencing. We need an analytic of care that is cognizant of the local and global processes that create conditions of vulnerability for women and form the asymmetrical planes in which cross-cultural alliances and solidarity practices must happen. The urgency of our need for more constructive forms of transnational feminist solidarity became particularly apparent in December 2012, when feminists across the globe took to the pen and the streets in response to the gruesome gang rape of a young woman in New Delhi, the capital of India. The twenty-three-year-old woman was returning home after watching the film The Life of Pi with a male friend in a shopping mall in South Delhi. She and her companion that night tried to hail public buses and auto-rickshaws to no avail. Eventually, a private chartered bus stopped to picked them up. There were six men on the bus, including the driver, his younger brother (who posed as the conductor), and four others who worked in various low-skilled jobs in the city and were economic migrants from neighboring states. The bus did not have a permit to be on the roads after-hours; investigations later revealed that the traffic police had been bribed in order for it to pass through security checkpoints. The men on the bus, apparently on a "joyride," beat the young woman and her friend. When the woman and her friend resisted, they dragged her to the back of the bus and took turns raping her. The assault lasted several hours as the bus plowed through the city streets, and involved the insertion of a metal rod into the woman's body, which caused her intestines to spill out. Afterward, the couple was stripped naked and thrown off the bus. The driver tried to run over the woman, but her friend managed to pull her out of the way. Click for larger view A narrow focus on sexual assault can obscure how the structural violence of the global economy is also a central source of women's suffering in the Global South. This photo, Death of Thousand Dreams by Taslima Akhter, captures the final embrace of two workers killed by the April 2013 factory collapse in Bangladesh. The young woman's ordeal did not stop there: for nearly half an hour, passersby ignored the pair's cries for help. When the police finally arrived, instead of transporting the woman and her friend immediately to the nearest hospital, they argued over jurisdiction. The woman fought for her life for two weeks and finally succumbed to her injuries in a hospital in Singapore. Even though the government ostensibly flew her to Singapore for better care, many in India were critical of the move as her condition was too fragile--they saw the move as a gesture by the government to dampen the public outrage and massive protests in Delhi and all over India. The men accused of this brutal crime are currently standing trial in a fast-track court. In the face of mounting civil protests, the government set up a committee that brought representatives from diverse constituencies in India to put forth a set of legal and social recommendations to deal with violence and discrimination against women. Even though feminist groups found these recommendations inadequate, indeed a "mockery... Language: en

Objectification, Self-Objectification, and Societal Change

This review focuses on the ways in which the objectification of individuals and groups of people, as well as the self-objectification that typically develops from such treatment, is implicated in positive and negative societal change. Four areas are reviewed: (a) objectification (including dehumanization, infra-humanization, dehumanized perception, sexualization, and colonialism), (b) self-objectification (including double consciousness, internalized oppression, and colonial mentality), (c) genocide and mass violence, and (c) collective action. After reviewing theories in each area, a set of underlying constructs is presented, organized under higher-order categories. Finally, connections between objectification and genocide perpetration, as well as between self-objectification and collective action, are described. It is concluded that the objectification of other people contributes to societal change that runs counter to principles of equality and respect for others, threatens civil rights, and ultimately can result in genocide or mass killings. Furthermore, self-objectification impairs the ability of oppressed groups to act collectively on their own behalf. In contrast, the process of decolonization supports collective action and positive societal change, in part because it liberates oppressed people from self-objectification.

A terceira margem do rio dos estudos críticos sobre administração e organizações no Brasil: (re)pensando a crítica a partir do pós-colonialismo

O objetivo deste ensaio é apresentar uma introdução ao pensamento pós-colonial a partir da sua origem, das principais vertentes de estudo e de possíveis diálogos entre as tradições anglófona e latino-americana. Para tanto, discutimos os conceitos de subalternidade, descolonização e hibridismo como possibilidade teórica de se explorar a perspectiva pós-colonial nos estudos críticos sobre organizações no Brasil. Embora o debate sobre subalternidade e pós-colonialismo seja relativamente novo nos estudos organizacionais, dentro e fora do Brasil, a revisão da literatura na área mostra que, mesmo fora do contexto da démarche pós-colonial, muitos trabalhos produzidos sobre administração e organizações no Brasil levaram em conta as mesmas preocupações dos autores pós-coloniais. De forma indireta, os trabalhos abordam temas que estão ligados aos efeitos do colonialismo no mundo contemporâneo e ainda reconhecem a necessidade de se descolonizar este campo de estudos quando analisam a questão da dependência cultural na tradição intelectual brasileira e na transferência de tecnologia gerencial entre países do centro e da periferia, quando problematizam o uso de teorias produzidas no Norte Global e buscam referências que valorizem um olhar a partir do Sul Global, e quando identificam a forte presença do hibridismo na dinâmica cultural brasileira. Por outro lado, ao analisar o campo de estudos críticos no Brasil, constatamos a presença de uma visão dicotômica que tende a radicalizar a relação centro/periferia com a separação entre uma suposta crítica nacional e o critical management studies (CMS), reproduzindo um tipo de binarismo intelectual típico da mentalidade colonial, que neste caso busca definir quem é e quem não é crítico. A fim de superar este impasse, propomos um processo de hibridização capaz de reconciliar os dois polos. Ao final do ensaio, argumentamos que o desenvolvimento teórico e político de ambos os lados depende de uma abordagem que explore as fissuras do discurso colonial e se configure a partir de um terceiro espaço de produção do conhecimento.